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Thamnium S, Laomeephol C, Pavasant P, Osathanon T, Tabata Y, Wang C, Luckanagul JA. Osteogenic induction of asiatic acid derivatives in human periodontal ligament stem cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14102. [PMID: 37644086 PMCID: PMC10465493 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41388-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Asiatic acid (AA) and asiaticoside, pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds derived from Centella asiatica, are known for their biological effects in promoting type I collagen synthesis and inducing osteogenesis of stem cells. However, their applications in regenerative medicine are limited due to their low potency and poor aqueous solubility. This work aimed to evaluate the osteogenic induction activity of AA derivatives in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in vitro. Four compounds were synthesised, namely 501, 502, 503, and 506. AA was used as the control. The 502 exhibited low water solubility, while the 506 compound showed the highest. The cytotoxicity analysis demonstrated that 503 caused significant deterioration in cell viability, while other derivatives showed no harmful effect on hPDLSCs. The dimethyl aminopropyl amine derivative of AA, compound 506, demonstrated a relatively high potency in inducing osteogenic differentiation. An elevated mRNA expression of osteogenic-related genes, BMP2, WNT3A, ALP, OSX and IBSP was observed with 506. Additionally, the expression of BMP-2 protein was enhanced with increasing dose of 506, and the effect was pronounced when the Erk signalling molecule was inhibited. The 506 derivative was proposed for the promotion of osteogenic differentiation in hPDLSCs by upregulating BMP2 via the Erk signalling pathway. The 506 molecule showed promise in bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirikool Thamnium
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Chavee Laomeephol
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterial Engineering in Medical and Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Chao Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 416, Chengdu, 6100641, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, People's Republic of China
| | - Jittima A Luckanagul
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterial Engineering in Medical and Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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2
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Gonçalves BMF, Mendes VIS, Silvestre SM, Salvador JAR. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new arjunolic acid derivatives as anticancer agents. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:313-331. [PMID: 36846362 PMCID: PMC9945870 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00275b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Arjunolic acid (AA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid with promising anticancer properties. A series of novel AA derivatives containing a pentameric A-ring with an enal moiety, combined with additional modifications at C-28, were designed and prepared. The biological activity on the viability of human cancer and non-tumor cell lines was evaluated in order to identify the most promising derivatives. Additionally, a preliminary study of the structure-activity relationship was carried out. The most active derivative, derivative 26, also showed the best selectivity between malignant cells and non-malignant fibroblasts. For compound 26, the anticancer molecular mechanism of action in PANC-1 cells was further studied and the results showed that this derivative induced a cell-cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and significantly inhibited the wound closure rate of PANC-1 cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, compound 26 synergistically increased the cytotoxicity of Gemcitabine, especially at a concentration of 0.24 μM. Moreover, a preliminary pharmacological study indicated that at lower doses this compound did not demonstrate toxicity in vivo. Taken together, these findings suggest that compound 26 may be a valuable compound for the development of new pancreatic anticancer treatment, and further studies are needed to explore its full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno M F Gonçalves
- CHEM4PHARMA, Biocant - Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede Núcleo 4, Lote 14 3060-197 Cantanhede Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology Coimbra Portugal
| | - Vanessa I S Mendes
- CHEM4PHARMA, Biocant - Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede Núcleo 4, Lote 14 3060-197 Cantanhede Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology Coimbra Portugal
| | - Samuel M Silvestre
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology Coimbra Portugal
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior Av. Infante D. Henrique 6200-506 Covilhã Portugal
| | - Jorge A R Salvador
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology Coimbra Portugal
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal +351 239 488 503 +351 239 488 400
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Chen YH, Wu JX, Yang SF, Hsiao YH. Synergistic Combination of Luteolin and Asiatic Acid on Cervical Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020548. [PMID: 36672499 PMCID: PMC9857275 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is an important issue globally because it is the second most common gynecological malignant tumor and conventional treatment effects have been shown to be limited. Lut and AsA are plant-derived natural flavonoid and triterpenoid products that have exhibited anticancer activities and can modulate various signaling pathways. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate whether Lut combined with AsA could enhance the anticancer effect to inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation and examine the underlying molecular mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. The results of a CCK-8 assay showed that Lut combined with AsA more effectively inhibited the proliferation of CaSki and HeLa cells than Lut or AsA treatment alone. Lut combined with AsA caused apoptosis induction and sub-G1-phase arrest in CaSki and HeLa cells, as confirmed by flow cytometry, mitoROS analysis, antioxidant activity measurement and western blot assay. In addition, Lut combined with AsA significantly inhibited the cell migration ability of CaSki and HeLa cells in a wound-healing assay. Furthermore, Lut combined with AsA induced apoptosis and inhibited migration through downregulated PI3K/AKT (PI3K, AKT and p70S6K), JNK/p38 MAPK and FAK (integrin β1, paxillin and FAK) signaling and upregulated ERK signaling. In an in vivo study, Lut combined with AsA markedly inhibited cervical cancer cell-derived xenograft tumor growth. Collectively, the present study showed that Lut combined with AsA may be used as an anticancer agent to improve the prognosis of cervical cancer. Indeed, with additional research to develop standardized dosages, Lut and AsA combination therapy could also be applied in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Chen
- Women’s Health Research Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Jyun-Xue Wu
- Women’s Health Research Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Hsiao
- Women’s Health Research Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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4
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Denisov MS. Synthesis of 2-Heteroylidene Triterpenoids: Complex Formation with Palladium and in vitro Cytotoxic Activity. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363223010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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5
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Babamale HF, Khor BK, Chear NJY, Yam W. Suppressive effects of azobenzene-imidazolium ionic conjugates on human cervical adenocarcinoma cells: Effects of alkyl chains and ortho-fluorination. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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6
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Recent trends in extraction, identification and quantification methods of Centella asiatica phytochemicals with potential applications in food industry and therapeutic relevance: A review. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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7
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Denisov MS, Beloglazova YА, Glushkov VА. Microwave synthesis of triterpenoid-annulated imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-022-03091-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Denisov MS, Dmitriev MV, Gagarskikh ON, Glushkov VA. Synthesis and Structural Studies of N-Heterocyclic Schiff Bases of Allobetulamine. Chem Nat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-022-03665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Ganavi D, Ramu R, Kumar V, Patil SM, Martiz RM, Shirahatti PS, Sathyanarayana R, Poojary B, Holla BS, Poojary V, Kumari KPN, Shivachandra JC. In vitro and in silico studies of fluorinated 2,3-disubstituted thiazolidinone-pyrazoles as potential α-amylase inhibitors and antioxidant agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 355:e2100342. [PMID: 34923670 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As part of our effort to identify potent α-amylase inhibitors, in the present study, a novel series of fluorinated thiazolidinone-pyrazole hybrid molecules were prepared by the condensation of 3-(aryl/benzyloxyaryl)-pyrazole-4-carbaldehydes with fluorinated 2,3-disubstituted thiazolidin-4-ones. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by infrared, 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13 C NMR, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry data. All the compounds were screened for their α-amylase inhibitory and free radical scavenging activities by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS methods. Among the tested compounds, compound 8g emerged as a promising α-amylase inhibitor with IC50 = 0.76 ± 1.23 µM, and it was found to be more potent than the standard drug acarbose (IC50 = 0.86 ± 0.81 μM). Compounds 8b and 8g showed strong free radical scavenging activity compared to the standard butylated hydroxyl anisole. The kinetic study of compound 8g revealed the reversible, classical competitive inhibition mode on the α-amylase enzyme. Molecular docking and dynamic simulations studies were performed for the most potent compound 8g, which displayed remarkable hydrogen bonding with the α-amylase protein (PDB ID: 1DHK).
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Ganavi
- Department of Studies and Research in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, India.,Department of Chemistry, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College (Autonomous), Ujire, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vasantha Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College (Autonomous), Ujire, India
| | - Shashank M Patil
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Reshma M Martiz
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Reshma Sathyanarayana
- Department of Studies and Research in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, India
| | - Boja Poojary
- Department of Studies and Research in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, India
| | - B Shivarama Holla
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College (Autonomous), Ujire, India
| | - Vishwanatha Poojary
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College (Autonomous), Ujire, India
| | - K P Nanda Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College (Autonomous), Ujire, India
| | - Jagadeep Chandra Shivachandra
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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10
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Denisov MS, Gagarskikh ON. Palladium(II) Complexes with Catecholamines: Synthesis and In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221070136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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11
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Balakrishnan R, Azam S, Cho DY, Su-Kim I, Choi DK. Natural Phytochemicals as Novel Therapeutic Strategies to Prevent and Treat Parkinson's Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6680935. [PMID: 34122727 PMCID: PMC8169248 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6680935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-most common neurodegenerative chronic disease affecting both cognitive performance and motor functions in aged people. Yet despite the prevalence of this disease, the current therapeutic options for the management of PD can only alleviate motor symptoms. Research has explored novel substances for naturally derived antioxidant phytochemicals with potential therapeutic benefits for PD patients through their neuroprotective mechanism, targeting oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, abnormal protein accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, neurotrophic factor deficit, and apoptosis. The aim of the present study is to perform a comprehensive evaluation of naturally derived antioxidant phytochemicals with neuroprotective or therapeutic activities in PD, focusing on their neuropharmacological mechanisms, including modulation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, growth factor induction, neurotransmitter activity, direct regulation of mitochondrial apoptotic machinery, prevention of protein aggregation via modulation of protein folding, modification of cell signaling pathways, enhanced systemic immunity, autophagy, and proteasome activity. In addition, we provide data showing the relationship between nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and PD is supported by studies demonstrating that antiparkinsonian phytochemicals can activate the Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway and Nrf2-dependent protein expression, preventing cellular oxidative damage and PD. Furthermore, we explore several experimental models that evaluated the potential neuroprotective efficacy of antioxidant phytochemical derivatives for their inhibitory effects on oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the brain. Finally, we highlight recent developments in the nanodelivery of antioxidant phytochemicals and its neuroprotective application against pathological conditions associated with oxidative stress. In conclusion, naturally derived antioxidant phytochemicals can be considered as future pharmaceutical drug candidates to potentially alleviate symptoms or slow the progression of PD. However, further well-designed clinical studies are required to evaluate the protective and therapeutic benefits of phytochemicals as promising drugs in the management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rengasamy Balakrishnan
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Shofiul Azam
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Yeon Cho
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - In Su-Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
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12
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Islam MT, Ali ES, Uddin SJ, Khan IN, Shill MC, de Castro E Sousa JM, de Alencar MVOB, Melo-Cavalcante AAC, Mubarak MS. Anti-Cancer Effects of Asiatic Acid, a Triterpene from Centilla asiatica L: A Review. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:536-547. [PMID: 31823705 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191211103006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Centilla asiatica L is a medicinal herb that has been widely used in folk medicine to treat various diseases. Asiatic Acid (AA), a triterpene and a known component of this herb, has been shown to display important biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic, neuroprotective, anxiolytic and antidepressant, hepatoprotective, pancreas protective, and cardio- protective. OBJECTIVE This review focuses on AA's anti-cancer effects on the basis of published literature found in a number of databases such as PubMed and Science Direct. Emphasis has been given to the mechanisms of action of its anti-cancer effect. METHODS A literature survey was conducted using known databases such as PubMed and Science Direct using the keywords 'Asiatic acid', pairing with 'cancer', 'tumor', 'anti-cancer effect', 'cytotoxic effect', 'anti-tumor activity', 'cell line', 'animal cancer', and 'human cancer'. RESULTS Findings suggest that AA exerts anti-cancer effects in several test systems through various pathways, including oxidative/antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity, apoptotic cell death, necrosis, anti-angiogenesis, inhibition of proliferation and cell migration, and chemoprevention. CONCLUSION AA may be an effective plant-based cancer chemotherapeutic agent and a promising lead for the development of potent anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad T Islam
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City-700000, Vietnam.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City-700000, Vietnam
| | - Eunus S Ali
- Gaco Pharmaceuticals Limited, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park-5042, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Shaikh J Uddin
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh
| | - Ishaq N Khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Manik C Shill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - João M de Castro E Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, 64 049-550, Brazil.,Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Picos, Piauí, 64 067-670, Brazil
| | | | - Ana A C Melo-Cavalcante
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, 64 049-550, Brazil
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13
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Synthesis, Structure, and Cytotoxic Activities of a Novel Lactam of the Diterpenoid Isosteviol. Chem Nat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-020-03171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Lu YH, Chen MC, Liu F, Xu Z, Tian XT, Xie Y, Huang CG. Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of Novel C-23-Modified Asiatic Acid Derivatives. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163709. [PMID: 32823913 PMCID: PMC7464201 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We selectively oxidized the C-23 hydroxyl group in an asiatic acid (AA) derivative and then, for the first time with AA, modification of the C-23 carboxyl group was conducted to synthesize a series of new AA derivatives. The evaluation of their cytotoxic activities against two human cancer cell lines (SKOV-3 and HCT116) using the MTT assay in vitro revealed a distinctive structure activity relationship (SAR) associated with the intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the amide moiety at C-23. According to the established SAR, the cytotoxic activities of four promising compounds were then evaluated against MCF-7, A549, A2780, HepG2 and HL-60 cancer cell lines. Compound 10 had the best cytotoxic activity among all tested derivatives in the HL-60 cell line, giving IC50 = 0.47 μM, while showing no cytotoxic effect against human normal cells (HUVEC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-hong Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-h.L.); (M.-c.C.); (F.L.); (Z.X.); (X.-t.T.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ming-cang Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-h.L.); (M.-c.C.); (F.L.); (Z.X.); (X.-t.T.)
| | - Fang Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-h.L.); (M.-c.C.); (F.L.); (Z.X.); (X.-t.T.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-h.L.); (M.-c.C.); (F.L.); (Z.X.); (X.-t.T.)
| | - Xiao-ting Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-h.L.); (M.-c.C.); (F.L.); (Z.X.); (X.-t.T.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-h.L.); (M.-c.C.); (F.L.); (Z.X.); (X.-t.T.)
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (C.-g.H.); Tel./Fax: +86-21-2023-1963 (C.-g.H.)
| | - Cheng-gang Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (Y.-h.L.); (M.-c.C.); (F.L.); (Z.X.); (X.-t.T.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (C.-g.H.); Tel./Fax: +86-21-2023-1963 (C.-g.H.)
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15
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Asiatic Acid, Extracted from Centella asiatica and Induces Apoptosis Pathway through the Phosphorylation p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in Cisplatin-Resistant Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020184. [PMID: 31991751 PMCID: PMC7072674 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an important issue in Asia because of its unique geographical and ethnic distribution. Cisplatin-based regimens are commonly the first-line used chemotherapy, but resistance and toxicities remain a problem. Therefore, the use of anticancer agents derived from natural products may be a solution. Asiatic acid (AA), extracted from Centella asiatica, was found to have anticancer activity in various cancers. The aim of this study is to examine the cytotoxic effect and mediated mechanism of AA in cisplatin-resistant NPC cells. The results shows that AA significantly reduce the cell viability of cisplatin-resistant NPC cell lines (cis NPC-039 and cis NPC-BM) in dose and time dependent manners caused by apoptosis through the both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways, including altered mitochondrial membrane potential, activated death receptors, increased Bax expression, and upregulated caspase 3, 8, and 9. The Western blot analysis of AA-treated cell lines reveals that the phosphorylation of MAPK pathway proteins is involved. Further, the results of adding inhibitors of these proteins indicates that the phosphorylation of p38 are the key mediators in AA-induced apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant human NPC cells. This is the first study to demonstrate the AA-induced apoptotic pathway through the phosphorylation p38 in human cisplatin-resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma. AA is expected to be another therapeutic option for cisplatin-resistant NPC because of the promising anti-cancer effect and fewer toxic properties.
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A Review of the Structure-Activity Relationship of Natural and Synthetic Antimetastatic Compounds. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010138. [PMID: 31947704 PMCID: PMC7022821 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There are innumerable anticancer compounds derived from either natural or synthetic origins. Many of these compounds have been further developed through structural modifications to not only inhibit cancer cell growth but also to exert an antimetastatic effect. This is achieved by attaching different substituents to generate different structure—activity relationships. This review highlights the effectiveness of different functional groups known to have antimigration and antiproliferation activities, such as fluoro, methoxy, methyl, amino, hydroxy, nitro, bromo, chloro, methylamino, ethoxy, carbonyl, iodo, and trifluoromethyl groups. Additionally, the positioning of these functional groups plays an important role in their anticancer activities, which was evident in one of our studies comparing analogues of a natural compound. Thus, this review suggests future recommendations for the design and development of improved anticancer drugs with higher efficacy.
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Huang J, Tu T, Wang W, Zhou G, Zhang W, Wu X, Liu W. Asiatic Acid Glucosamine Salt Alleviates Ultraviolet B-induced Photoaging of Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Nude Mouse Skin. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 96:124-138. [PMID: 31483870 DOI: 10.1111/php.13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Herbal extracts including asiatic acid (AA) have become popular candidates of anti-photoaging agents due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and minimal side effect. Nevertheless, low bioavailability due to poor solubility limits their practical application. In this study, a highly bioavailable form of AA called AAGS (compounded by asiatic acid and glucosamine) was investigated for its anti-photoaging effect using both in vitro and in vivo models along with UVB irradiation. The results showed that AAGS alleviated UVB-induced cell proliferation inhibition by reducing G2 phase arrest and cell apoptosis rate as well as the gene expressions of P53, BAX, CASPASE 3 and CASPASE 9, but enhancing BCL-2 expression. It also reduced the production of reactive oxygen species along with increased gene expression of GPX-1 and downregulated the gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17 and TNF-α compared to nontreated cells. In vivo results demonstrated the antiphotodamaging effects by restoring skin thickness, collagen content and reducing MMPs expression, which are also supported by reduced MMPs gene expression and enhanced collagen I and TGF-β1 gene expression in vitro. Thus, AAGS may become a potential anti-photoaging agent for topical use due to its capability of self-assembling into a water gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Tu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering Research, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Valdeira ASC, Darvishi E, Woldemichael GM, Beutler JA, Gustafson KR, Salvador JAR. Madecassic Acid Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents: Synthesis and Cytotoxic Evaluation. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2094-2105. [PMID: 31343174 PMCID: PMC7428852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel madecassic acid (1) derivatives was synthesized, and their cytotoxicity was evaluated against the NCI-60 panel of cancer cell lines. Several analogues exhibited broad-spectrum cytotoxic activities over all nine tumor types represented in the panel, with more potent antiproliferative activities observed against selected cancer cell lines, including multidrug-resistant phenotypes. Among them, compound 29 showed GI50 (50% growth inhibition) values ranging from 0.3 to 0.9 μM against 26 different tumor cell lines and selectivity for one colon (COLO 205) and two melanoma (SK-MEL-5 and UACC-257) cell lines at the TGI (total growth inhibition) level. The mode of action of 29 was predicted by CellMiner bioinformatic analysis and confirmed by biochemical and cell-based experiments to involve inhibition of the DNA replication process, particularly the initiation of replication, and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. The present findings suggest this novel madecassic acid derivative may have potential as an anticancer therapeutic lead for both solid and hematological tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S. C. Valdeira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Emad Darvishi
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Girma M. Woldemichael
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, United States
| | - John A. Beutler
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Kirk R. Gustafson
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Jorge A. R. Salvador
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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19
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Alho DPS, Salvador JAR, Cascante M, Marin S. Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of Novel A-Ring Cleaved Glycyrrhetinic Acid Derivatives. Molecules 2019; 24:E2938. [PMID: 31416117 PMCID: PMC6721064 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives was synthesized via the opening of its ring A along with the coupling of an amino acid. The antiproliferative activity of the derivatives was evaluated against a panel of nine human cancer cell lines. Compound 17 was the most active compound, with an IC50 of 6.1 µM on Jurkat cells, which is 17-fold more potent than that of glycyrrhetinic acid, and was up to 10 times more selective toward that cancer cell line. Further biological investigation in Jurkat cells showed that the antiproliferative activity of compound 17 was due to cell cycle arrest at the S phase and induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela P S Alho
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge A R Salvador
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Marta Cascante
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Marin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Denisov MS, Dmitriev MV, Eroshenko DV, Slepukhin PA, Shavkunov SP, Glushkov VA. Cationic—Anionic Pd(II) Complexes with Adamantylimidazolium Cation: Synthesis, Structural Study, and MAO-Inhibiting Activity. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023619010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Huang RZ, Liang GB, Li MS, Fang YL, Zhao SF, Zhou MM, Liao ZX, Sun J, Wang HS. Synthesis and discovery of asiatic acid based 1,2,3-triazole derivatives as antitumor agents blocking NF-κB activation and cell migration. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:584-597. [PMID: 31057738 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00620b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of asiatic acid (AA) based 1,2,3-triazole derivatives were designed, synthesized and subjected to a cell-based NF-κB inhibition screening assay. Among the tested compounds, compound 6k displayed impressive NF-κB inhibitory activity with an IC50 value in the low micromolar range. A molecular docking study was performed to reveal key interactions between 6k and NF-κB in which the 1,2,3-triazole moiety and the hydroxyl groups of the AA skeleton were important for improving the inhibitory activity. Subsequently, surface plasmon resonance analysis validated the high affinity between compound 6k and NF-κB protein with an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) value of 0.36 μM. Further studies showed that compound 6k observably inhibited the NF-κB DNA binding, nuclear translocation and IκBα phosphorylation. Moreover, in vitro antitumor activity screening showed that compound 6k (IC50 = 2.67 ± 0.06 μM) exhibited the best anticancer activity against A549 cells, at least partly, by inhibition of the activity of NF-κB. Additionally, the treatment of A549 cells with compound 6k resulted in apoptosis induction potency and in vitro cell migration inhibition. Thus, we conclude that AA based 1,2,3-triazole derivatives may be potential NF-κB inhibitors with the ability to induce apoptosis and suppress cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri-Zhen Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P.R. China . .,Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P.R. China
| | - Gui-Bin Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , No. 15 Yucai Road , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China .
| | - Mei-Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , No. 15 Yucai Road , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China .
| | - Yi-Lin Fang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , No. 15 Yucai Road , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China .
| | - Shi-Feng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P.R. China .
| | - Mei-Mei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , No. 15 Yucai Road , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China .
| | - Zhi-Xin Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P.R. China . .,Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P.R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- Chinese Academy of Sciences , Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology , Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources , Xining , 810000 , P.R. China .
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangxi Normal University , No. 15 Yucai Road , Guilin 541004 , P. R. China .
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22
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Kasaboina S, Bollu R, Ramineni V, Gomedhika PM, Korra K, Basaboina SR, Holagunda UD, Nagarapu L, Dumala N, Grover P, Bathini R, Vijjulatha M. Novel benzosuberone conjugates as potential anti-proliferative agents: Design, synthesis and molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of Novel Heterocyclic Glycyrrhetinic Acid Derivatives. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040766. [PMID: 30791593 PMCID: PMC6412232 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives has been synthesized via the introduction of different heterocyclic rings conjugated with an α,β-unsaturated ketone in its ring A. These new compounds were screened for their antiproliferative activity in a panel of nine human cancer cell lines. Compound 10 was the most active derivative, with an IC50 of 1.1 µM on Jurkat cells, which is 96-fold more potent than that of glycyrrhetinic acid, and was 4-fold more selective toward that cancer cell line. Further biological studies performed in Jurkat cells showed that compound 10 is a potent inducer of apoptosis that activates both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.
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24
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Fang K, Zhang XH, Han YT, Wu GR, Cai DS, Xue NN, Guo WB, Yang YQ, Chen M, Zhang XY, Wang H, Ma T, Wang PL, Lei HM. Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxic Analysis of Novel Hederagenin⁻Pyrazine Derivatives Based on Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102994. [PMID: 30274380 PMCID: PMC6213900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hederagenin (He) is a novel triterpene template for the development of new antitumor compounds. In this study, 26 new He–pyrazine derivatives were synthetized in an attempt to develop potent antitumor agents; they were screened for in vitro cytotoxicity against tumor and non-tumor cell lines. The majority of these derivatives showed much stronger cytotoxic activity than He. Remarkably, the most potent was compound 9 (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 3.45 ± 0.59 μM), which exhibited similar antitumor activities against A549 (human non-small-cell lung cancer) as the positive drug cisplatin (DDP; IC50 was 3.85 ± 0.63 μM), while it showed lower cytotoxicity on H9c2 (murine heart myoblast; IC50 was 16.69 ± 0.12 μM) cell lines. Compound 9 could induce the early apoptosis and evoke cell-cycle arrest at the synthesis (S) phase of A549 cells. Impressively, we innovatively introduced the method of cluster analysis modeled as partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) into the structure–activity relationship (SAR) evaluation, and SAR confirmed that pyrazine had a profound effect on the antitumor activity of He. The present studies highlight the importance of pyrazine derivatives of He in the discovery and development of novel antitumor agents.
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25
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Nagoor Meeran MF, Goyal SN, Suchal K, Sharma C, Patil CR, Ojha SK. Pharmacological Properties, Molecular Mechanisms, and Pharmaceutical Development of Asiatic Acid: A Pentacyclic Triterpenoid of Therapeutic Promise. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:892. [PMID: 30233358 PMCID: PMC6131672 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Asiatic acid (AA) is a naturally occurring aglycone of ursane type pentacyclic triterpenoids. It is abundantly present in many edible and medicinal plants including Centella asiatica that is a reputed herb in many traditional medicine formulations for wound healing and neuropsychiatric diseases. AA possesses numerous pharmacological activities such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory and regulates apoptosis that attributes its therapeutic effects in numerous diseases. AA showed potent antihypertensive, nootropic, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antimicrobial, and antitumor activities in preclinical studies. In various in vitro and in vivo studies, AA found to affect many enzymes, receptors, growth factors, transcription factors, apoptotic proteins, and cell signaling cascades. This review aims to represent the available reports on therapeutic potential and the underlying pharmacological and molecular mechanisms of AA. The review also also discusses the challenges and prospects on the pharmaceutical development of AA such as pharmacokinetics, physicochemical properties, analysis and structural modifications, and drug delivery. AA showed favorable pharmacokinetics and found bioavailable following oral or interaperitoneal administration. The studies demonstrate the polypharmacological properties, therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms of AA in numerous diseases. Taken together the evidences from available studies, AA appears one of the important multitargeted polypharmacological agents of natural origin for further pharmaceutical development and clinical application. Provided the favorable pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy, AA can be a promising agent or adjuvant along with currently used modern medicines with a pharmacological basis of its use in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fizur Nagoor Meeran
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Kapil Suchal
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Meicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandragouda R. Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Shreesh K. Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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26
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Guo S, Zhen Y, Guo M, Zhang L, Zhou G. Design, synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of novel sulfanilamide-1,2,3-triazole derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Invest New Drugs 2018; 36:1147-1157. [PMID: 30019099 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0632-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microtubule as an important target in the cancer therapy was used to design novel tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Sulfanilamide-1,2,3-triazole hybrids were designed by a molecular hybridization strategy and their antiproliferative activity against three selected cancer cell lines (BGC-823, MGC-803 and SGC-7901) were evaluated. All sulfanilamide-1,2,3-triazole hybrids displayed potent inhibitory activity against all cell lines. In particular, compound 10b showed the most excellent inhibitory effect against MGC-803 cells, with an IC50 value of 0.4 μM. Cellular mechanism studies elucidated that 10b induced apoptosis by decreasing the expression level of Bcl-2 and Parp and increasing the expression level of BAX. 10b inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process by up-regulating E-cadherin and down-regulating N-cadherin. Furthermore, the tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity in vitro of 10b was 2.4 μM. In vivo anticancer assay, 10b effectively inhibited MGC-803 xenograft tumor growth without causing significant loss of body weight. These sulfanilamide-1,2,3-triazole hybrids as potent tubulin polymerization inhibitors might be used as promising candidates for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shewei Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Yingwei Zhen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Mengguo Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Longzhou Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Guosheng Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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27
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Antiproliferative Phenothiazine Hybrids as Novel Apoptosis Inducers against MCF-7 Breast Cancer. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061288. [PMID: 29843370 PMCID: PMC6100384 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed a series of novel phenothiazine-1,2,3-triazole hybrids by the molecular hybridization strategy and evaluated their antiproliferative activity against three cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7). For the structure-activity relationships, the importance of 1,2,3-triazole and substituents on phenyl ring was explored. Among these phenothiazine-1,2,3-triazole hybrids, compound 9f showed the most potent inhibitory effect against MCF-7 cells, with an IC50 value of 0.8 μM. Importantly, compound 9f could induce apoptosis against MCF-7 cells by regulating apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, Bad, Parp, and DR5). These potent phenothiazine-1,2,3-triazole hybrids as novel apoptosis inducers might be used as antitumor agents in the future.
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28
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Antiproliferative hydrogen sulfide releasing evodiamine derivatives and their apoptosis inducing properties. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 151:376-388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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29
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Zhang WY, Yi QY, Wang YJ, Du F, He M, Tang B, Wan D, Liu YJ, Huang HL. Photoinduced anticancer activity studies of iridium(III) complexes targeting mitochondria and tubules. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 151:568-584. [PMID: 29656200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Three new iridium (III) complexes [Ir (ppy)2 (ipbc)](PF6) (1), [Ir (bzq)2 (ipbc)](PF6) (2) and [Ir (piq)2 (ipbc)](PF6) (3) were designed and synthesized. All the complexes were tested for anticancer activity using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole)-2,5-diphenyltetraazolium bromide (MTT) method. The complexes show no cytotoxic activity toward cancer BEL-7402, SGC-7901, Eca-109, A549, HeLa and HepG2 cells. However, upon irradiation with white light, the complexes display high cytotoxicity against BEL-7402 cells with an IC50 value of 5.5 ± 0.8, 7.3 ± 1.3 and 11.5 ± 1.6 μM for 1, 2 and 3, respectively. AO/EB staining and comet assay show that the complexes can induce apoptosis in BEL-7402 cells. The complexes can increase intracellular ROS and Ca2+ levels and cause a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential. Autophagic assays exhibit that the complexes can induce autophagy and regulate the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 proteins. The cell cycle distribution in BEL-7402 cells was carried out by flow cytometry. The expression of Bcl-2 family proteins was studied by western blot. Additionally, the complexes can release cytochrome c and inhibit the polymerization of α-tubulin. Our study reveals that the complexes inhibit the cell growth in BEL-7402 cells through an ROS-mediated mitochondria dysfunction and targeting tubules pathways. These complexes are a promising new entity for the development of multi-target anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yao Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topic Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Qian-Yan Yi
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topic Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yang-Jie Wang
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topic Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Fan Du
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topic Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Miao He
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topic Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Bing Tang
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topic Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Dan Wan
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topic Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yun-Jun Liu
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topic Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Hong-Liang Huang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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30
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Tran Van L, Vo Thi QN, Tran Van C, Tran Thi PT, Pham Thi N, Nguyen Tuan T, Le Thi TH, Nguyen Thi N, Do Thi T, Tran Van S. Synthesis of asiatic acid derivatives and their cytotoxic activity. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2176-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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31
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Salvador JA, Leal AS, Valdeira AS, Gonçalves BM, Alho DP, Figueiredo SA, Silvestre SM, Mendes VI. Oleanane-, ursane-, and quinone methide friedelane-type triterpenoid derivatives: Recent advances in cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:95-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Figueiredo SA, Salvador JA, Cortés R, Cascante M. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel C-29 carbamate celastrol derivatives as potent and selective cytotoxic compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:836-848. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Figueiredo SA, Salvador JA, Cortés R, Cascante M. Novel celastrol derivatives with improved selectivity and enhanced antitumour activity: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:422-437. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Han T, Li J, Xue J, Li H, Xu F, Cheng K, Li D, Li Z, Gao M, Hua H. Scutellarin derivatives as apoptosis inducers: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 135:270-281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Dong SH, Liu YW, Wei F, Tan HZ, Han ZD. Asiatic acid ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin (BLM) via suppressing pro-fibrotic and inflammatory signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:1297-1309. [PMID: 28320097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is known as a life-threatening disease with high mortality and limited therapeutic strategies. In addition, the molecular mechanism by which pulmonary fibrosis developed is not fully understood. Asiatic acid (AA) is a triterpenoid, isolated from Centella asiatica, exhibiting efficient anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. In our study, we attempted to explore the effect of Asiatic acid on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. The findings indicated that pre-treatment with Asiatic acid inhibited BLM-induced lung injury and fibrosis progression in mice. Further, Asiatic acid down-regulates inflammatory cells infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in lung tissue specimens induced by BLM. Also, Asiatic acid apparently suppressed transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) expression in tissues of lung, accompanied with Collagen I, Collagen III, α-SMA and matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 decreasing, as well as Smads and ERK1/2 inactivation. Of note, Asiatic acid reduces NOD-like receptor, pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The findings indicated that Asiatic acid might be an effective candidate for pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hong Dong
- The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510700, China.
| | - Yan-Wei Liu
- The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Feng Wei
- The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Hui-Zhen Tan
- The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Han
- The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510700, China
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Denisov MS, Gorbunov AA, Nebogatikov VO, Pavlogradskaya LV, Glushkov VA. Two-step synthesis of ferrocenyl esters of vanillic acid. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s107036321703015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Charles Dorni AI, Peter G, Jude S, Arundhathy CA, Jacob J, Amalraj A, Pius A, Gopi S. UHPLC–Q-ToF-MS-guided enrichment and purification of triterpenoids from Centella asiatica (L.) extract with macroporous resin. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1280681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregary Peter
- R&D Centre, Aurea BioLabs Pvt. Ltd, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Shintu Jude
- R&D Centre, Aurea BioLabs Pvt. Ltd, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | | | - Joby Jacob
- R&D Centre, Aurea BioLabs Pvt. Ltd, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | | | - Anitha Pius
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute - Deemed University, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sreeraj Gopi
- R&D Centre, Aurea BioLabs Pvt. Ltd, Cochin, Kerala, India
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