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Lv L, Song K, Xiao Y, Zheng J, Zhang W, Li L, Wei Y, Chen H, He Y, Guo Z, Nie S. Design, synthesis and anticancer activity of β-carboline based pseudo-natural products by inhibiting AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107648. [PMID: 39032406 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer and remains the leading cause of cancer deaths. Much progress has been made to treat NSCLC, however, only limited patients can benefit from current treatments. Thus, more efforts are needed to pursue novel molecular modalities for NSCLC treatment. It was demonstrated that pseudo-natural products (PNP) are a critical source for antitumor drug discovery. Herein, we describe a CH activation protocol for the expedient construction of a focused library utilizing the PNP rational design strategy. This protocol features a rhodium-catalyzed CH activation/ [4+2] annulation reaction between N-OAc-indole-2-carboxamide and alkynyl quinols, enabling facile access to diverse quinol substituted β-carboline derivatives (31 examples). The anticancer activities were assessed in vitro against NSCLC cell line A549, yielding a potent antiproliferative β-carboline derivative (8r) with an IC50 value of 0.8 ± 0.1 µM. Further investigation revealed that this compound could decrease the expression of Caspase 3, and increase the expression of autophagic protein Cyclin B1, thus markedly inducing autophagy and apoptosis. Mechanistic study suggested that 8r could be a potent anti-NSCLC agent through the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in A549 cells. Moreover, the anticancer activities were also assessed against three other cancer cell lines, and 8r exhibits a broader inhibitory effect on cell proliferation in all cancer cell lines tested. These results indicated that carboline-based PNPs show great potential to induce cell autophagy and apoptosis, which serve as good leads for further drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Lv
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention (Ministry of Education), Institute of Life Sciences & Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Kunlin Song
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention (Ministry of Education), Institute of Life Sciences & Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yijie Xiao
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention (Ministry of Education), Institute of Life Sciences & Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention (Ministry of Education), Institute of Life Sciences & Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention (Ministry of Education), Institute of Life Sciences & Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Linfeng Li
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention (Ministry of Education), Institute of Life Sciences & Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yue Wei
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention (Ministry of Education), Institute of Life Sciences & Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi He
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention (Ministry of Education), Institute of Life Sciences & Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Zufeng Guo
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention (Ministry of Education), Institute of Life Sciences & Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Shenyou Nie
- Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention (Ministry of Education), Institute of Life Sciences & Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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2
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Huyen NTT, Phuc BV, Huyen TT, Hong TT, Nguyen H, Nguyen VH, Nguyen MT, Hung TQ, Dinh CP, Dang TT. Design and Synthesis of Novel β-Carboline-Bisindole Hybrids as Potential Anticancer Agents. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202400316. [PMID: 38856518 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
We are reporting a short and convenient pathway for the synthesis of novel β-carboline-bisindole hybrid compounds from relatively cheap and commercially available chemicals such as tryptamine, dialdehydes and indoles. These newly designed compounds can also be prepared in high yields with the tolerance of many functional groups under mild conditions. Notably, these β-carboline-bisindole hybrid compounds exhibited some promising applications as anticancer agents against the three common cancer cell lines MCF-7 (breast cancer), SK-LU-1 (lung cancer), and HepG2 (liver cancer). The two best compounds 5 b and 5 g inhibited the aforementioned cell lines with the same IC50 range of the reference Ellipticine at less than 2 μM. A molecular docking study to gain more information about the interactions between the synthesized molecules and the kinase domain of the EGFR was performed. Therefore, this finding can have significant impacts on the development of future research in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU-Ha Noi University of Science, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Phan Chu Trinh, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ban Van Phuc
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thi Huyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU-Ha Noi University of Science, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Phan Chu Trinh, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thi Hong
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU-Ha Noi University of Science, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Phan Chu Trinh, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hien Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education (HNUE), Vietnam
| | - Van Ha Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU-Ha Noi University of Science, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Phan Chu Trinh, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Tho Nguyen
- Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Tran Quang Hung
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Vietnam
| | - Chau Phi Dinh
- NuChem Sciences, a Sygnature Discovery Business, 480 rue Perreault, Lévis, QC, G6 W 7 V6, Canada
| | - Tuan Thanh Dang
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU-Ha Noi University of Science, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Phan Chu Trinh, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
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3
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Song YZ, Zhang J, Song QJ, Zhu WH, Yuan C, Wang KM, Jiang CS. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives as potential antibacterial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 109:129822. [PMID: 38823728 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The quest for novel antibacterial agents is imperative in the face of escalating antibiotic resistance. Naturally occurring tetrahydro-β-carboline (THβC) alkaloids have been highlighted due to their significant biological derivatives. However, these structures have been little explored for antibacterial drugs development. In this study, a series of 1,2,3,4-THβC derivatives were synthesized and assessed for their antibacterial prowess against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The compounds exhibited moderate to good antibacterial activity, with some compounds showing superior efficacy against gram-positive bacteria, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), to that of Gentamicin. Among these analogs, compound 3k emerged as a hit compound, demonstrating rapid bactericidal action and a significant post-antibacterial effect, with significant cytotoxicity towards human LO2 and HepG2 cells. In addition, compound 3k (10 mg/kg) showed comparable anti-MRSA efficacy to Ciprofloxacin (2 mg/kg) in a mouse model of abdominal infection. Overall, the present findings suggested that THβC derivatives based on the title compounds hold promising applications in the development of antibacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ze Song
- Zibo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Qing-Jiang Song
- Zibo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Wen-Hao Zhu
- Zibo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Zoucheng Administration for Market Regulation, Zoucheng 273100, China
| | - Kai-Ming Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Cheng-Shi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
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4
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Gu Y, Luo M, Yuan H, Liu G, Wang S. Photocatalytic Enantioselective Radical Cascade Multicomponent Minisci Reaction of β-Carbolines Using Diazo Compounds as Radical Precursors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2402272. [PMID: 38639395 PMCID: PMC11220658 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Here, a photocatalytic asymmetric multicomponent cascade Minisci reaction of β-carbolines with enamides and diazo compounds is reported, enabling an effective enantioselective radical C─H functionalization of β-carbolines with high yields and enantioselectivity (up to 83% yield and 95% ee). This enantioselective multicomponent Minisci protocol exhibits step economy, high chemo-/enantio-selective control, and good functional group tolerance, allowing access to a variety of valuable chiral β-carbolines. Notably, diazo compounds are suitable radical precursors in enantioselective cascade radical reactions. Moreover, the efficiency and practicality of this approach are demonstrated by the asymmetric synthesis of bioactive compounds and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Jie Gu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan411201P. R. China
| | - Mu‐Peng Luo
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan411201P. R. China
| | - Guo‐Kai Liu
- School of PharmacyShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
| | - Shou‐Guo Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
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5
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Pavić K, Poje G, Pessanha de Carvalho L, Tandarić T, Marinović M, Fontinha D, Held J, Prudêncio M, Piantanida I, Vianello R, Krošl Knežević I, Perković I, Rajić Z. Discovery of harmiprims, harmine-primaquine hybrids, as potent and selective anticancer and antimalarial compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 105:117734. [PMID: 38677112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Although cancer and malaria are not etiologically nor pathophysiologically connected, due to their similarities successful repurposing of antimalarial drugs for cancer and vice-versa is known and used in clinical settings and drug research and discovery. With the growing resistance of cancer cells and Plasmodium to the known drugs, there is an urgent need to discover new chemotypes and enrich anticancer and antimalarial drug portfolios. In this paper, we present the design and synthesis of harmiprims, hybrids composed of harmine, an alkaloid of the β-carboline type bearing anticancer and antiplasmodial activities, and primaquine, 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial drug with low antiproliferative activity, covalently bound via triazole or urea. Evaluation of their antiproliferative activities in vitro revealed that N-9 substituted triazole-type harmiprime was the most selective compound against MCF-7, whereas C1-substituted ureido-type hybrid was the most active compound against all cell lines tested. On the other hand, dimeric harmiprime was not toxic at all. Although spectrophotometric studies and thermal denaturation experiments indicated binding of harmiprims to the ds-DNA groove, cell localization showed that harmiprims do not enter cell nucleus nor mitochondria, thus no inhibition of DNA-related processes can be expected. Cell cycle analysis revealed that C1-substituted ureido-type hybrid induced a G1 arrest and reduced the number of cells in the S phase after 24 h, persisting at 48 h, albeit with a less significant increase in G1, possibly due to adaptive cellular responses. In contrast, N-9 substituted triazole-type harmiprime exhibited less pronounced effects on the cell cycle, particularly after 48 h, which is consistent with its moderate activity against the MCF-7 cell line. On the other hand, screening of their antiplasmodial activities against the erythrocytic, hepatic, and gametocytic stages of the Plasmodium life cycle showed that dimeric harmiprime exerts powerful triple-stage antiplasmodial activity, while computational analysis showed its binding within the ATP binding site of PfHsp90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pavić
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Goran Poje
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Tana Tandarić
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden; Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Marinović
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Diana Fontinha
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jana Held
- University of Tübingen, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Miguel Prudêncio
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ivo Piantanida
- Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robert Vianello
- Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ivana Perković
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Rajić
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Wang Y, Chen Y, Duan S, Cao Y, Sun W, Zhang M, Zhao D, Hu D, Dong J. Diastereoselective Three-Component 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition to Access Functionalized β-Tetrahydrocarboline- and Tetrahydroisoquinoline-Fused Spirooxindoles. Molecules 2024; 29:1790. [PMID: 38675610 PMCID: PMC11052326 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A chemselective catalyst-free three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition has been described. The unique polycyclic THPI and THIQs were creatively employed as dipolarophiles, which led to the formation of functionalized β-tetrahydrocarboline- and tetrahydroisoquinoline-fused spirooxindoles in 60-94% of yields with excellent diastereoselectivities (10: 1->99: 1 dr). This reaction not only realizes a concise THPI- or THIQs-based 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, but also provides a practical strategy for the construction of two distinctive spirooxindole skeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Wang
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Shengli Duan
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Yiyang Cao
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Wenjin Sun
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Mei Zhang
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Delin Zhao
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Donghua Hu
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Jianwei Dong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
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Mishra S, Gupta A, Jain S, Vaidya A. Anticancer mechanisms of β-carbolines. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14521. [PMID: 38653576 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
β-Carboline nucleus is therapeutically valuable in medicinal chemistry for the treatment of varied number of diseases, most importantly cancer. The potent and wide-ranging activity of β-carboline has established them as imperative pharmacological scaffolds especially in the cancer treatment. Numerous derivatives such as Tetrahydro β-carbolines, metal complexed β-carbolines, mono, di and tri substituted β-carbolines have been reported to possess dynamic anticancer activity. These different substituted β-carboline derivatives had shown different mechanism of action and plays important role in anticancer drug discovery and development. The review is an update of the chemistry of β-carbolines, both synthetic and natural origin acting through various targets against cancerous cells. In addition to this, studies of multitarget molecules designed by coupling β-carbolines along with other mechanisms for treatment of neoplasm are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Mishra
- Pharmacy College Saifai, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditi Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Jain
- Sir Madan Lal Institute of Pharmacy, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankur Vaidya
- Pharmacy College Saifai, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India
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8
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Pavić K, Poje G, Carvalho LPD, Held J, Rajić Z. Synthesis, antiproliferative and antiplasmodial evaluation of new chloroquine and mefloquine-based harmiquins. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2023; 73:537-558. [PMID: 38147482 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2023-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Here we present the synthesis and evaluation of the biological activity of new hybrid compounds, ureido-type (UT) harmiquins, based on chloroquine (CQ) or mefloquine (MQ) scaffolds and β-carboline alkaloid harmine against cancer cell lines and Plasmodium falciparum. The hybrids were prepared from the corresponding amines by 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI)-mediated synthesis. In vitro evaluation of the biological activity of the title compounds revealed two hit compounds. Testing of the antiproliferative activity of the new UT harmiquins, and previously prepared triazole-(TT) and amide-type (AT) CQ-based harmiquins, against a panel of human cell lines, revealed TT harmiquine 16 as the most promising compound, as it showed pronounced and selective activity against the tumor cell line HepG2 (IC 50 = 5.48 ± 3.35 μmol L-1). Screening of the antiplasmodial activities of UT harmiquins against erythrocytic stages of the Plasmodium life cycle identified CQ-based UT harmiquine 12 as a novel antiplasmodial hit because it displayed low IC 50 values in the submicromolar range against CQ-sensitive and resistant strains (IC 50 0.06 ± 0.01, and 0.19 ± 0.02 μmol L-1, respectively), and exhibited high selectivity against Plasmodium, compared to mammalian cells (SI = 92).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pavić
- 1University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Department of Medicinal Chemistry 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Poje
- 1University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Department of Medicinal Chemistry 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Jana Held
- 2University of Tübingen, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 72074, Tübingen Germany
- 3German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 72074, Tübingen Germany
| | - Zrinka Rajić
- 1University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Department of Medicinal Chemistry 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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9
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Habib MA, Islam MM, Islam MM, Hasan MM, Baek KH. Current Status and De Novo Synthesis of Anti-Tumor Alkaloids in Nicotiana. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050623. [PMID: 37233664 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids are the most diversified nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites, having antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, and are extensively used in pharmaceuticals to treat different types of cancer. Nicotiana serves as a reservoir of anti-cancer alkaloids and is also used as a model plant for the de novo synthesis of various anti-cancer molecules through genetic engineering. Up to 4% of the total dry weight of Nicotiana was found to be composed of alkaloids, where nicotine, nornicotine, anatabine, and anabasine are reported as the dominant alkaloids. Additionally, among the alkaloids present in Nicotiana, β-carboline (Harmane and Norharmane) and Kynurenines are found to show anti-tumor effects, especially in the cases of colon and breast cancers. Creating new or shunting of existing biosynthesis pathways in different species of Nicotiana resulted in de novo or increased synthesis of different anti-tumor molecules or their derivatives or precursors including Taxadiane (~22.5 µg/g), Artemisinin (~120 μg/g), Parthenolide (~2.05 ng/g), Costunolide (~60 ng/g), Etoposide (~1 mg/g), Crocin (~400 µg/g), Catharanthine (~60 ng/g), Tabersonine (~10 ng/g), Strictosidine (~0.23 mg/g), etc. Enriching the precursor pool, especially Dimethylallyl Diphosphate (DMAPP), down-regulating other bi-product pathways, compartmentalization or metabolic shunting, or organelle-specific reconstitution of the precursor pool, might trigger the enhanced accumulation of the targeted anti-cancer alkaloid in Nicotiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ahsan Habib
- Department of Plant Pathology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mobinul Islam
- Department of Plant Pathology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mukul Islam
- Department of Plant Pathology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mohidul Hasan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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10
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Shagufta, Ahmad I. Therapeutic significance of molecular hybrids for breast cancer research and treatment. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:218-238. [PMID: 36846377 PMCID: PMC9945856 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00356b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, breast cancer is still a leading cause of cancer death in women. Indeed, over the years, several anti-breast cancer drugs have been developed; however, the complex heterogeneous nature of breast cancer disease reduces the applicability of conventional targeted therapies with the upsurge in side effects and multi-drug resistance. Molecular hybrids generated by a combination of two or more active pharmacophores emerged as a promising approach in recent years for the design and synthesis of anti-breast cancer drugs. The hybrid anti-breast cancer molecules are well known for their several advantages compared to the parent moiety. These hybrid forms of anti-breast cancer molecules demonstrated remarkable effects in blocking different pathways contributing to the pathogenies of breast cancer and improved specificity. In addition, these hybrids are patient compliant with reduced side effects and multi-drug resistance. The literature revealed that molecular hybrids are applied to discover and develop novel hybrids for various complex diseases. This review article highlights the recent progress (∼2018-2022) in developing molecular hybrids, including linked, merged, and fused hybrids, as promising anti-breast cancer agents. Furthermore, their design principles, biological potential, and future perspective are discussed. The provided information will lead to the development of novel anti-breast cancer hybrids with excellent pharmacological profiles in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
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11
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3-(1,2,3-Triazol-4-yl)-β-Carbolines and 3-(1 H-Tetrazol-5-yl)-β-Carbolines: Synthesis and Evaluation as Anticancer Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121510. [PMID: 36558961 PMCID: PMC9785278 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis and anticancer activity evaluation of a series of novel β-carbolines is reported. The reactivity of nitrosoalkenes towards indole was explored for the synthesis of novel tryptophan analogs where the carboxylic acid was replaced by a triazole moiety. This tryptamine was used in the synthesis of 3-(1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-β-carbolines via Pictet-Spengler condensation followed by an oxidative step. A library of compounds, including the novel 3-(1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-β-carbolines as well as methyl β-carboline-3-carboxylate and 3-tetrazolyl-β-carboline derivatives, was evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against colorectal cancer cell lines. The 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-β-carbolines stood out as the most active compounds, with values of half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranging from 3.3 µM to 9.6 µM against colorectal adenocarcinoma HCT116 and HT29 cell lines. The results also revealed a mechanism of action independent of the p53 pathway. Further studies with the 3-tetrazolyl-β-carboline derivative, which showed high selectivity for cancer cells, revealed IC50 values below 8 μM against pancreatic adenocarcinoma PANC-1, melanoma A375, hepatocarcinoma HEPG2, and breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell lines. Collectively, this work discloses the 3-tetrazolyl-β-carboline derivative as a promising anticancer agent worthy of being further explored in future works.
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12
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Aksenov NA, Arutiunov NA, Aksenov AV, Aksenova IV, Aleksandrova EV, Aksenov DA, Rubin M. Nitrovinylindoles as Heterotrienes: Electrocyclic Cyclization En Route to β-Carbolines: Total Synthesis of Alkaloids Norharmane, Harmane, and Eudistomin N. Org Lett 2022; 24:7062-7066. [PMID: 36166488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Unusual cascade transformation was developed involving microwave assisted electrocyclic cyclization of aci (alkylideneazinic acid) forms of nitrovinylindoles acting as heterotrienes. Subsequent one-pot reduction allowed for efficient access to β-carbolines, including several natural products, alkaloids norharmane, harmane and eudistomin N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai A Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolai A Arutiunov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Inna V Aksenova
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V Aleksandrova
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii A Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation
| | - Michael Rubin
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., Stavropol 355009, Russian Federation.,Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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13
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Singh M, Vaishali, Jamra R, Deepika, Kumar S, Singh V. Iodine‐Catalysed Synthesis of β‐Carboline Tethered α‐Amino Amidines Through Ugi‐Type Multicomponent Reaction. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry Baba Farid Group of Institutions Bathinda Punjab 151001 India
| | - Vaishali
- Department of Chemistry Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar Punjab India 144011
| | - Rahul Jamra
- Department of Chemistry Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar Punjab India 144011
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Punjab Bathinda Punjab India 151401
| | - Deepika
- Department of Chemistry Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar Punjab India 144011
| | - Sunit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar Punjab India 144011
| | - Virender Singh
- Department of Chemistry Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar Punjab India 144011
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Punjab Bathinda Punjab India 151401
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14
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Design, synthesis and mechanism of action of novel 1,9-disubstituted β-carboline derivatives as antitumor agents. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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15
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Poje G, Marinović M, Pavić K, Mioč M, Kralj M, de Carvalho LP, Held J, Perković I, Rajić Z. Harmicens, Novel Harmine and Ferrocene Hybrids: Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169315. [PMID: 36012590 PMCID: PMC9408872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer and malaria are both global health threats. Due to the increase in the resistance to the known drugs, research on new active substances is a priority. Here, we present the design, synthesis, and evaluation of the biological activity of harmicens, hybrids composed of covalently bound harmine/β-carboline and ferrocene scaffolds. Structural diversity was achieved by varying the type and length of the linker between the β-carboline ring and ferrocene, as well as its position on the β-carboline ring. Triazole-type harmicens were prepared using Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, while the synthesis of amide-type harmicens was carried out by applying a standard coupling reaction. The results of in vitro biological assays showed that the harmicens exerted moderate antiplasmodial activity against the erythrocytic stage of P. falciparum (IC50 in submicromolar and low micromolar range) and significant and selective antiproliferative activity against the MCF-7 and HCT116 cell lines (IC50 in the single-digit micromolar range, SI > 5.9). Cell localization experiments showed different localizations of nonselective harmicene 36 and HCT116-selective compound 28, which clearly entered the nucleus. A cell cycle analysis revealed that selective harmicene 28 had already induced G1 cell cycle arrest after 24 h, followed by G2/M arrest with a concomitant drastic reduction in the percentage of cells in the S phase, whereas the effect of nonselective compound 36 on the cell cycle was much less pronounced, which agreed with their different localizations within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Poje
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Marinović
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Pavić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Mioč
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapy, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boškovic Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijeta Kralj
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapy, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boškovic Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Jana Held
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ivana Perković
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Rajić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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16
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Shalini, Lata S, Saha ST, Kaur M, Awolade P, Ebenezer O, Singh P, Kumar V. Tetrahydro-β-carboline-naphthalimide hybrids: Synthesis and anti-proliferative evaluation on estrogen-dependent and triple-negative breast cancer cells. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Chen H, Yu C, Liu W, Zhu C, Jiang X, Xu C, Liu W, Huang Y, Xu Z, Zhao Q. Discovery of novel α-carboline derivatives as glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200156. [PMID: 35836098 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by irreversible cognitive impairment, memory loss, and behavioral disturbances, ultimately resulting in death. The critical roles of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in tau pathology have also received considerable attention. Based on molecular docking studies, a series of novel α-carboline derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as GSK-3β inhibitors for their various biological activities. Among them, compound ZCH-9 showed the most potent inhibitory activity against GSK-3β, with an IC50 value of 1.71 ± 0.09 µM. The cytotoxicity assay showed that ZCH-9 had low cytotoxicity toward the cell lines SH-SY5Y, HepG2, and HL-7702. Moreover, Western blot analysis indicated that ZCH-9 effectively inhibited hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein in okadaic acid-treated SH-SY5Y cells. The binding mode between ZCH-9 and GSK-3β was analyzed and further clarified throughout the molecular dynamics simulations. In general, these results suggested that the α-carboline-based small-molecule compounds could serve as potential candidates targeting GSK-3β for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhua Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chong Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chengze Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Chang Xu
- School of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenwu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaoguang Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zihua Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
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18
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Singh M, Jamra. R, Paul AK, Malakar CC, Singh V. KI‐assisted Sulfur Activation/Insertion/Denitration Strategy towards Dual C−S Bond Formation for One‐pot Synthesis of β‐Carboline‐tethered 2‐Acylbenzothiophenes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar 144011 Punjab India
| | - Rahul Jamra.
- Department of Chemistry Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar 144011 Punjab India
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Punjab Bathinda 151401 Punjab India
| | - Avijit K. Paul
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra 136119 Haryana India
| | - Chandi C. Malakar
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Imphal 795004 Manipur India
| | - Virender Singh
- Department of Chemistry Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar 144011 Punjab India
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Punjab Bathinda 151401 Punjab India
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19
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Dai JK, Dan WJ, Wan JB. Natural and synthetic β-carboline as a privileged antifungal scaffolds. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 229:114057. [PMID: 34954591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of antifungal agents with novel structure, broad-spectrum, low toxicity, and high efficiency has been the focus of medicinal chemists. Over the past decades, β-carboline scaffold has attracted extensive attention in the scientific community due to its potent and diverse biological activities with nine successfully marketed β-carboline-based drugs. In this review, we summarized the current states and advances in the antifungal activity of natural and synthetic β-carbolines. Additionally, the structure-activity relationships and their antifungal mechanisms targeting biofilm, cell wall, cell membrane, and fungal intracellular targets were also systematically discussed. In summary, β-carbolines have the great potential to develop new efficient scaffolds to combat fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Kun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Jia Dan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China.
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
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20
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Panebianco C, Pisati F, Ulaszewska M, Andolfo A, Villani A, Federici F, Laura M, Rizzi E, Potenza A, Latiano TP, Perri F, Tripodo C, Pazienza V. Tuning gut microbiota through a probiotic blend in gemcitabine-treated pancreatic cancer xenografted mice. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e580. [PMID: 34841697 PMCID: PMC8567057 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Panebianco
- Gastoenterology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Maria Ulaszewska
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Annapaola Andolfo
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Annacandida Villani
- Gastoenterology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Manna Laura
- Sintal Dietetics s.r.l., Castelnuovo Vomano, Teramo, Italy
| | - Eleonora Rizzi
- Sintal Dietetics s.r.l., Castelnuovo Vomano, Teramo, Italy
| | - Adele Potenza
- Dietetic and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni, Rotondo
| | - Tiziana Pia Latiano
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Gastoenterology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Histopathology Unit, Cogentech S.C.a.R.L, Milan, Italy.,Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Gastoenterology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
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21
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Sun J, Wang J, Wang X, Hu X, Cao H, Bai J, Li D, Hua H. Design and synthesis of β-carboline derivatives with nitrogen mustard moieties against breast cancer. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 45:116341. [PMID: 34365102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To discover the promising antitumor agents, a series of β-carboline derivatives with nitrogen mustard moieties were designed and synthesized. Most target derivatives showed antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Among them, (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-3-yl)methyl (S)-3-(4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-2-formamidopropanoate possessed the most potent antiproliferative activity with IC50 values of 1.79 μM and 4.96 μM, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the parent compounds, and the efficacy was comparable to that of the positive control doxorubicin. More importantly, it showed weak cytotoxicity against human normal breast cell line MCF-10A (IC50 > 20 μM), exhibiting certain selectivity. Subsequently, further mechanism exploration indicated that it induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. The DCFH-DA fluorescent probe assay and comet assay showed that this compound could cause intracellular ROS accumulation and DNA damage. In addition, it exerted potent inhibitory effect on the migration, invasion and adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. In short, (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-3-yl)methyl (S)-3-(4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-2-formamidopropanoate was considered as a promising compound for anti-breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jiesen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Hao Cao
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jiao Bai
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Dahong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Huiming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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22
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Ke S, Xu T, Min Y, Wan Z, Yang Z, Wang K. Marine Alkaloid Pityriacitrin and Its Analogues: Discovery, Structures, Synthetic Methods and Biological Properties. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:233-244. [PMID: 33200706 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666201116144156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pityriacitrin is a natural marine alkaloid with a typical β-carboline scaffold, and which has been demonstrated to exhibit diverse biological functions. The special structural features for pityriacitrin lead to the increasing research interest and the emergence of versatile derivatives, and many pityriacitrin analogues have been isolated or synthesized over the past decades. The structural diversity and evolved biological activity of these natural alkaloids can offer opportunities for the development of highly potential novel drugs with a new mechanism of action, and therefore, the aim of this brief review is to describe the discovery, synthesis, and biological properties of natural pityriacitrin and its derivatives, as well as the isolation source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyong Ke
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Yong Min
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Zhongyi Wan
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Ziwen Yang
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Kaimei Wang
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
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23
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A comprehensive overview of β-carbolines and its derivatives as anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113688. [PMID: 34332400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
β-Carboline alkaloids are a family of natural and synthetic products with structural diversity and outstanding antitumor activities. This review summarizes research developments of β-carboline and its derivatives as anticancer agents, which focused on both natural and synthetic monomers as well as dimers. In addition, the structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis of β-carboline monomers and dimers are summarized and mechanism of action of β-carboline and its derivatives are also presented. A few possible research directions, suggestions and clues for future work on the development of novel β-carboline-based anticancer agents with improved expected activities and lesser toxicity are also provided.
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24
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Soni JP, Yeole Y, Shankaraiah N. β-Carboline-based molecular hybrids as anticancer agents: a brief sketch. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:730-750. [PMID: 34124672 PMCID: PMC8152596 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00422g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a huge burden on the healthcare system and is foremost cause of mortality across the globe. Among various therapeutic strategies, chemotherapy plays an enormous role in overcoming the challenges of treating cancer, especially in late stage detection. However, limitations such as extreme side/adverse effects and drug resistance associated with available drugs have impelled the development of novel chemotherapeutic agents. In this regard, we have reviewed the development of β-carboline-based chemotherapeutic agents reported in last five years. The review mainly emphasizes on the molecular hybrids of β-carbolines with various pharmacophores, their synthetic strategies, and in vitro anticancer evaluation. In addition, the mechanisms of action, in silico studies, structural influence on the potency and selectivity among diverse cancer cell lines have been critically presented. The review updates readers on the diverse molecular hybrids prepared and the governing structural features of high potential molecules that can help in the future development of novel cytotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Soni
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500037 India
| | - Yogesh Yeole
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500037 India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500037 India
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25
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Kim A, Kim A, Park S, Kim S, Jo H, Ok KM, Lee SK, Song J, Kwon Y. Catalytic and Enantioselective Control of the C-N Stereogenic Axis via the Pictet-Spengler Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12279-12283. [PMID: 33651459 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented example of a chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed atroposelective Pictet-Spengler reaction of N-arylindoles is reported. Highly enantioenriched N-aryl-tetrahydro-β-carbolines with C-N bond axial chirality are obtained via dynamic kinetic resolution. The hydrogen bond donor introduced on the bottom aromatic ring, forming a secondary interaction with the phosphoryl oxygen, is essential to achieving high enantioselectivity. A wide variety of substituents are tolerable with this transformation to provide up to 98 % ee. The application of electron-withdrawing group-substituted benzaldehydes enables the control of both axial and point stereogenicity. Biological evaluation of this new and unique scaffold shows promising antiproliferative activity and emphasizes the significance of atroposelective synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahreum Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunjung Park
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangji Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongil Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Song
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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26
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Pu J, Chen B, Wu W, Yang C, Zhang G, Chruma JJ. Design and Synthesis of Fluorescent 1,3-Diaryl-β-carbolines and 1,3-Diaryl-3,4-dihydro-β-carbolines. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:12238-12249. [PMID: 34250327 PMCID: PMC8260278 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The 1,3-diaryl-β-carboline derivatives, including 3,4-dihydro variants, were synthesized via a multiple-step approach. These compounds possess rigid and twisted configurations, which are expected to exhibit unique optical properties. The absorption and fluorescence properties of the newly synthesized compounds were investigated. These synthetic 1,3-diaryl-β-carbolines displayed strong emission in the range of 387-409 nm and exhibited absolute photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 74%. Density functional theory calculations were performed to better elucidate the geometric, electronic, and optical properties of these novel 1,3-diaryl-β-carbolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiYang Pu
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Healthy Food Evaluation Research
Center, and Sino-British Materials Research Institute, College of
Physical Sciences & Technology, Sichuan
University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Biao Chen
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Rd, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wanhua Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Healthy Food Evaluation Research
Center, and Sino-British Materials Research Institute, College of
Physical Sciences & Technology, Sichuan
University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Healthy Food Evaluation Research
Center, and Sino-British Materials Research Institute, College of
Physical Sciences & Technology, Sichuan
University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Rd, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jason J. Chruma
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, College of Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Healthy Food Evaluation Research
Center, and Sino-British Materials Research Institute, College of
Physical Sciences & Technology, Sichuan
University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, P. R. China
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903-4319, United States
- ; . Tel.: +1434−982-3082
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27
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Kim A, Kim A, Park S, Kim S, Jo H, Ok KM, Lee SK, Song J, Kwon Y. Catalytic and Enantioselective Control of the C–N Stereogenic Axis via the Pictet–Spengler Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahreum Kim
- Department of Chemistry Sogang University 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Chemistry Sogang University 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sunjung Park
- Department of Chemistry Sogang University 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sangji Kim
- Department of Chemistry Sogang University 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hongil Jo
- Department of Chemistry Sogang University 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry Sogang University 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- College of Pharmacy Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Song
- College of Pharmacy Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Kwon
- Department of Chemistry Sogang University 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu Seoul Republic of Korea
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28
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29
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Loading harmine on nanographene changes the inhibitory effects of free harmine against MCF-7 and fibroblast cells. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02714-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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A convenient synthesis of β-carbolines by iron-catalyzed aerobic decarboxylative/dehydrogenative aromatization of tetrahydro-β-carbolines under air. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.131960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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31
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Zhang H, Zhang R, Wang L, Li Y, Liao S, Zhou M. Synthesis Strategies for α‐, β‐, γ‐ and δ‐Carbolines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education) Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004 P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550004 P. R. China
| | - Rong‐Hong Zhang
- National Joint Local Engineering Laboratory for Cell Engineering and Biomedicine Technique Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences) Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004 PR China
| | - Li‐Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education) Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004 P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550004 P. R. China
| | - Yong‐Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education) Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004 P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550004 P. R. China
| | - Shang‐Gao Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education) Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004 P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550004 P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education) Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550004 P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550004 P. R. China
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32
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Ling Y, Liu J, Qian J, Meng C, Guo J, Gao W, Xiong B, Ling C, Zhang Y. Recent Advances in Multi-target Drugs Targeting Protein Kinases and Histone Deacetylases in Cancer Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:7264-7288. [PMID: 31894740 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200102115720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein Kinase Inhibitors (PKIs) and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (HDACIs) are two important classes of anticancer agents and have provided a variety of small molecule drugs for the treatment of various types of human cancers. However, malignant tumors are of a multifactorial nature that can hardly be "cured" by targeting a single target, and treatment of cancers hence requires modulation of multiple biological targets to restore the physiological balance and generate sufficient therapeutic efficacy. Multi-target drugs have attracted great interest because of their advantages in the treatment of complex cancers by simultaneously targeting multiple signaling pathways and possibly leading to synergistic effects. Synergistic effects have been observed in the combination of kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib, dasatinib, or sorafenib, with an array of HDACIs including vorinostat, romidepsin, or panobinostat. A considerable number of multi-target agents based on PKIs and HDACIs have been developed. In this review, we summarize the recent literature on the development of multi-target kinase-HDAC inhibitors and provide our view on the challenges and future directions on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ji Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jianqiang Qian
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Chi Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jing Guo
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Weijie Gao
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Biao Xiong
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Changchun Ling
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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33
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Sireesha R, Sreenivasulu R, Chandrasekhar C, Jadav SS, Pavani Y, Rao MVB, Subbarao M. Design, synthesis, anti-cancer evaluation and binding mode studies of benzimidazole/benzoxazole linked β-carboline derivatives. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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Miao J, Meng C, Wu H, Shan W, Wang H, Ling C, Zhang J, Yang T. Novel Hybrid CHC from β-carboline and N-Hydroxyacrylamide Overcomes Drug-Resistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Promoting Apoptosis, DNA Damage, and Cell Cycle Arrest. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:626065. [PMID: 33536926 PMCID: PMC7848139 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.626065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel hybrid CHC was designed and synthesized by conjugating β-carboline with an important active fragment N-hydroxyacrylamide of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor by an amide linkage to enhance antitumor efficacy/potency or even block drug resistance. CHC displayed high antiproliferative effects against drug-sensitive SUMM-7721, Bel7402, Huh7, and HCT116 cells and drug-resistant Bel7402/5FU cells with IC50 values ranging from 1.84 to 3.27 μM, which were two-to four-fold lower than those of FDA-approved HDAC inhibitor SAHA. However, CHC had relatively weak effect on non-tumor hepatic LO2 cells. Furthermore, CHC exhibited selective HDAC1/6 inhibitory effects and simultaneously augmented the acetylated histone H3/H4 and α-tubulin, which may make a great contribution to their antiproliferative effects. In addition, CHC also electrostatically interacted with CT-DNA, exerted remarkable cellular apoptosis by regulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and DNA damage proteins in Bel7402/5FU cells, and significantly accumulated cancer cells at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle by suppressing CDK1 and cyclin B protein with greater potency than SAHA-treated groups. Finally, CHC displayed strong inhibitory potency to drug-resistant hepatic tumors in mice. Our designed and synthetic hybrid CHC could be further developed as a significant and selective anticancer agent to potentially treat drug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefei Miao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chi Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenpei Shan
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Changchun Ling
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jinlin Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tao Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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35
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Ayipo YO, Mordi MN, Mustapha M, Damodaran T. Neuropharmacological potentials of β-carboline alkaloids for neuropsychiatric disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 893:173837. [PMID: 33359647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders are diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) which are characterised by complex pathomechanisms that including homeostatic failure, malfunction, atrophy, pathology remodelling and reactivity anomaly of the neuronal system where treatment options remain challenging. β-Carboline (βC) alkaloids are scaffolds of structurally diverse tricyclic pyrido[3,4-b]indole alkaloid with vast occurrence in nature. Their unique structural features which favour interactions with enzymes and protein receptor targets account for their potent neuropharmacological properties. However, our current understanding of their biological mechanisms for these beneficial effects, especially for neuropsychiatric disorders is sparse. Therefore, we present a comprehensive review of the scientific progress in the last two decades on the prospective pharmacology and physiology of the βC alkaloids in the treatment of some neuropsychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, brain tumour, essential tremor, epilepsy and seizure, licking behaviour, dystonia, agnosia, spasm, positive ingestive response as demonstrated in non-clinical models. The current evidence supports that βC alkaloids offer potential therapeutic agents against most of these disorders and amenable for further drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Oloruntoyin Ayipo
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Department of Chemical, Geological and Physical Sciences, Kwara State University, P. M. B., 1530, Malete, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Mohd Nizam Mordi
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Muzaimi Mustapha
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Thenmoly Damodaran
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
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36
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Negi A, Murphy PV. Development of Mcl-1 inhibitors for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:113038. [PMID: 33333396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (Mcl-1) is an anti-apoptotic protein of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family, which regulates cellular apoptosis. Mcl-1 expression plays a key role in survival of cancer cells and therefore serves as a promising target in cancer therapy. Besides, its importance as a cancer target, various peptides and small-molecule inhibitors have been successfully designed and synthesized, yet no Mcl-1 inhibitor is approved for clinical use. However, recent development on the understanding of Mcl-1's role in key cellular processes in cancer and an upsurge of reports highlighting its association in various anticancer drug resistance supports the view that Mcl-1 is a key target in various cancers, especially hematological cancers. This review compiles structures of a variety of inhibitors of Mcl-1 reported to date. These include inhibitors based on a diverse range of heterocycles (e.g. indole, imidazole, thiophene, nicotinic acid, piperazine, triazine, thiazole, isoindoline), oligomers (terphenyl, quaterpyridine), polyphenol, phenalene, anthranilic acid, anthraquinone, macrocycles, natural products, and metal-based complexes. In addition, an effort has been made to summarize the structure activity relationships, based on a variety of assays, of some important classes of Mcl-1 inhibitors, giving affinities and selectivities for Mcl-1 compared to other Bcl-2 family members. A focus has been placed on categorizing the inhibitors based on their core frameworks (scaffolds) to appeal to the chemical biologist or medicinal chemist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Negi
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Paul V Murphy
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.
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37
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Sharma B, Saha ST, Perumal S, Gu L, Ebenezer O, Singh P, Kaur M, Kumar V. Design, Synthesis, Antiproliferative Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Studies of N-(3-Hydroxyindole)-Appended β-Carbolines/Tetrahydro-β-Carbolines Targeting Triple-Negative and Non-Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:28907-28917. [PMID: 33225121 PMCID: PMC7675558 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The present manuscript pertains to the design and synthesis of a series of 3-hydroxyindole-substituted β-carbolines/tetrahydro-β-carbolines with an aim to explore their antiproliferative structure-activity relationship against breast cancer. The conjugate with an optimum combination of a flexible tetrahydro-β-carboline core, a tertiary alcoholic group along with a chloro substituent on the indole ring, proved to be the most active compound. It displayed IC50 values of 13.61 and 22.76 μM against MCF-7 (ER+) and MDA-MB-231 (ER-) cells, respectively. The docking studies were found to be consistent with experimental results owing to the stronger binding affinity of the synthesized conjugates via hydrophobic and H-bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharvi Sharma
- Department
of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Sourav Taru Saha
- School
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3,
WITS, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Shanen Perumal
- School
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3,
WITS, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Liang Gu
- School
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3,
WITS, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Oluwakemi Ebenezer
- School
of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X54001, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Parvesh Singh
- School
of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X54001, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- School
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3,
WITS, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
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38
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Singh M, Vaishali, Kumar S, Jamra R, Pandey SK, Singh V. A metal-free approach towards synthesis of β-carboline C1 substituted Pyrido(2,3-c)carbazole derivatives (nitramarine analogues) through A3-coupling and estimation of their light emitting properties. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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39
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Hydroxamic acid hybrids as the potential anticancer agents: An Overview. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 205:112679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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40
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Sharma A, Wakode S, Fayaz F, Khasimbi S, Pottoo FH, Kaur A. An Overview of Piperazine Scaffold as Promising Nucleus for Different Therapeutic Targets. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4373-4385. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200417154810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Piperazine scaffolds are a group of heterocyclic atoms having pharmacological values and showing
significant results in pharmaceutical chemistry. Piperazine has a flexible core structure for the design and synthesis
of new bioactive compounds. These flexible heterogenous compounds exhibit various biological roles, primarily
anticancer, antioxidant, cognition enhancers, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiinflammatory,
anti-HIV-1 inhibitors, antidiabetic, antimalarial, antidepressant, antianxiety and anticonvulsant
activities, etc. In the past few years, researchers focused on the therapeutic profile of piperazine synthons for
different biological targets. The present review highlights the development in designing pharmacological activities
of nitrogen-containing piperazine moiety as a therapeutic agent. The extensive popularity of piperazine as a
drug of abuse and their vast heterogeneity research efforts over the last years motivated the new investigators to
further explore this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector-3, MB Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi-110017, India
| | - Sharad Wakode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector-3, MB Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi-110017, India
| | - Faizana Fayaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector-3, MB Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi-110017, India
| | - Shaik Khasimbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector-3, MB Road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi-110017, India
| | - Faheem H. Pottoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. BOX 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Avneet Kaur
- SGT college of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana- 122001, India
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41
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Lu X, Liu YC, Orvig C, Liang H, Chen ZF. Discovery of a Copper-Based Mcl-1 Inhibitor as an Effective Antitumor Agent. J Med Chem 2020; 63:9154-9167. [PMID: 32794745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b02047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1), which belongs to the Bcl-2 family of prosurvival proteins, is a key regulator of cancer cell survival. To date, few drug-like Mcl-1 inhibitors have been reported. Herein, we report the preparation of 10 copper complexes with 9-substituted β-carboline ligands that act as metal-based Mcl-1 inhibitors. Complex 14 was identified as a potent and selective Mcl-1 inhibitor with strong in vitro antitumor activity. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that complex 14 disrupted Mcl-1-Bax/Bak heterodimerization and induced Bax/Bak-dependent apoptosis. In addition, complex 14 significantly (P < 0.001) inhibited tumor growth in vivo, induced tumor necrosis, and extended survival time in an NCI-H460 xenograft model. Furthermore, complex 14 showed no apparent toxicity in mice. Together, these findings indicate that complex 14 is a copper-based Mcl-1 inhibitor with high efficacy and low toxicity that could be developed for the treatment of Mcl-1-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Chris Orvig
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T1Z1, Canada
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
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42
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Singh D, Kumar V, Singh V. Et 3N/DMSO-supported one-pot synthesis of highly fluorescent β-carboline-linked benzothiophenones via sulfur insertion and estimation of the photophysical properties. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:1740-1753. [PMID: 32765794 PMCID: PMC7385337 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A robust transition-metal-free strategy is presented to access novel β-carboline-tethered benzothiophenone derivatives from 1(3)-formyl-β-carbolines using elemental sulfur activated by Et3N/DMSO. This expeditious catalyst-free reaction proceeds through the formation of β-carboline-based 2-nitrochalcones followed by an incorporation of sulfur to generate multifunctional β-carboline-linked benzothiophenones in good to excellent yields. The synthetic strategy could also be extended towards the synthesis of β-carboline-linked benzothiophenes. Moreover, the afforded products emerged as promising fluorophores and displayed excellent light-emitting properties with quantum yields (ΦF) up to 47%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmender Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT), Jalandhar, 144011, Punjab, India
| | - Vipin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT), Jalandhar, 144011, Punjab, India
| | - Virender Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT), Jalandhar, 144011, Punjab, India
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India
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Liao Q, Li Q, Zhao Y, Jiang P, Yan Y, Sun H, Liu W, Feng F, Qu W. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel carboline-cinnamic acid hybrids as multifunctional agents for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103844. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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44
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Singh M, Awasthi P, Singh V. Iodine Catalysed Synthesis of Luminescent β-Carboline Tethered Thiazolo[4,5-c
]carbazole and Naphtho[2,1-d
]thiazole Derivatives and Estimation of their Light Emitting Properties. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry; Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT); 144011 Jalandhar Punjab India
| | - Pamita Awasthi
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Virender Singh
- Department of Chemistry; Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT); 144011 Jalandhar Punjab India
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45
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Molecular hybrid design, synthesis, in vitro and in vivo anticancer evaluation, and mechanism of action of N-acylhydrazone linked, heterobivalent β-carbolines. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103612. [PMID: 32007724 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of N-acylhydrazone-linked, heterobivalent β-carboline derivatives was designed and synthesized from l-tryptophan in a nine-step reaction sequence. The effort resulted in the heterobivalent β-carbolines 10a-t in good yields. The target compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The in vitro cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against normal EA.HY926 cells and five cancer cell lines: LLC (Lewis lung carcinoma), BGC-823 (gastric carcinoma), CT-26 (murine colon carcinoma), Bel-7402 (liver carcinoma), and MCF-7 (breast carcinoma). Compound 10e, with an IC50 value of 2.41 μM against EA.HY926 cells, was the most potent inhibitor. It showed cytotoxicity against all five cancer cell lines of different origin - murine and human, with IC50 values ranging from 4.2 ± 0.7 to 18.5 ± 3.1 μM. A study of structure-activity relationships indicated that the influence on cytotoxic activities of the substituent in the R9'-position followed the tendency, 2,3,4,5,6-perfluorophenylmethyl > 4-fluorobenzyl > 3-phenylpropyl group. The antitumor efficacies of the selected compounds were also evaluated in mice. Compound 10e exhibited potent antitumor activity, with tumor inhibition of more than 40% for Sarcoma 180 and 36.7% for Lewis lung cancer. Furthermore, the pharmacological mechanisms showed that compound 10e has a certain impairment in the motility of LLC cells, which suggests the anti-metastatic potential. And compound 10e inhibited angiogenesis in chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay, and the anti-angiogenetic potency was more potent than the reference drug combretastatin A4-phosphate (CA4P) at a concentration 50 μM.
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46
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Synthesis, characterization and crystal structure of new tetrahydro-β-carboline as acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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47
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48
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Lu X, Liu YC, Orvig C, Liang H, Chen ZF. Discovery of β-carboline copper(II) complexes as Mcl-1 inhibitor and in vitro and in vivo activity in cancer models. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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49
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Hung TQ, Hieu DT, Van Tinh D, Do HN, Nguyen Tien TA, Van Do D, Son LT, Tran NH, Van Tuyen N, Tan VM, Ehlers P, Dang TT, Langer P. Efficient access to β- and γ-carbolines from a common starting material by sequential site-selective Pd-catalyzed C–C, C–N coupling reactions. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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50
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New 3-tetrazolyl-β-carbolines and β-carboline-3-carboxylates with anti-cancer activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:123-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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