1
|
Ismail EA, El-Sakka AI. An overview of conventional and investigational phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for treating erectile dysfunction and other conditions. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2024; 33:925-938. [PMID: 39096237 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2024.2388569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a rising concern about developing innovative, efficacious PDE5I molecules that provide better safety, efficacy, and tolerability with less adverse effects. Innovative PDE5I with dual targets have also been defined in the literature. Additionally, some of PDE5I are able to selectively inhibit other enzymes such as histone deacetylase, acetylcholine esterase, and cyclooxygenase or act as nitric oxide donors. This review presents knowledge concerning the advanced trends and perspectives in using PDE5I in treatment of ED and other conditions. AREAS COVERED Pre-clinical and early clinical trials that investigated the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of novel PDE5I such as Udenafil, Mirodenafil, Lodenafil, Youkenafil, Celecoxib, and TPN729 in treatment of ED and other conditions. EXPERT OPINION Preclinical and limited early clinical studies of the new molecules of PDE5I have demonstrated encouraging results; however, safety, efficacy, and tolerability are still issues that necessitate further long-term multicenter clinical studies to ensure justification of their uses in treatment of ED and other conditions. Progress in molecular delivery techniques and tailored patient-specific management and additional therapeutic technology will dramatically improve care for ED and other conditions. The dream of ED and many other conditions becoming more effectively managed may be feasible in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezzat A Ismail
- Department of Urology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang J, Dong F, Wang Y, Wang C, Zhang C, Xu K, Shen T, Lou H. N-acetyldopamine oligomers from Periplaneta americana with anti-inflammatory and vasorelaxant effects and their spatial distribution visualized by mass spectrometry imaging. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116989. [PMID: 37532069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Periplaneta americana is a medicinal insect that has been applied to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for a long time. Its modern preparation, Xinmailong injection, was adopted for the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF). The bioactive constituents of P. americana and their correlation with its traditional uses need further investigation. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to elucidate the N-acetyldopamine (NADA) oligomers from P. american, determine their spatial distribution, and investigate their anti-inflammatory and vasorelaxant effects to provide scientific evidence supporting the clinical use of this medicinal insect. MATERIAL AND METHODS NADA oligomers were isolated from the CH2Cl2: CH3OH (2:1) extract of P. americana, through sequential chromatographic methods including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, preparative HPLC, and chiral-phase separation. Their structures were determined by HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis, chiral resolution, and calculated electronic circular dichroism analysis. With the aid of atmospheric pressure scanning matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AP-SMALDI MSI), the isolated compounds in a spatial profile within P. americana were identified. NO production was measured to assess anti-inflammatory activity. Vasorelaxant activity assessments were performed on the norepinephrine-precontracted 3rd-order mesenteric arteries. RESULTS Seven new NADA trimers, peridopamines A-G (1-7), two new NADA dimers, peridopamines H and I (8 and 9), and six known NADA derivatives (10-15), were obtained from P. americana. The trimers and dimers were detected and showed similar pattern of distribution with accumulation in peripheral and rigid parts of P. americana, based on quasimolecular ion AP-SMALDI MS images of sections from the whole body and dissected areas of the insect. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory and vasorelaxant effects of isolated compounds were investigated. Compounds 8 and 9 presented significant and moderate anti-inflammatory potentials, respectively. Compounds 8, 10, 12 and 15 possess significant vasorelaxant potentials at concentrations correlated with EC50 values of 6.7-23.7 μM. CONCLUSION Fifteen NADA oligomers were isolated from P. americana. The distribution of these compounds was visualized by AP-SMALDI imaging experiments and NADA oligomers were mainly observed in peripheral parts. Bioassays showed that the tested compounds had anti-inflammatory and vasorelaxant activities, which indicated that NADA oligomers are active ingredients of this insect-based TCM and have potential for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaozhen Zhang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Fangfang Dong
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Chan Wang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Chengmin Zhang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Tao Shen
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Hongxiang Lou
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
ElHady AK, El-Gamil DS, Abdel-Halim M, Abadi AH. Advancements in Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors: Unveiling Present and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1266. [PMID: 37765073 PMCID: PMC10536424 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors presented themselves as important players in the nitric oxide/cGMP pathway, thus exerting a profound impact on various physiological and pathological processes. Beyond their well-known efficacy in treating male erectile dysfunction (ED) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a plethora of studies have unveiled their significance in the treatment of a myriad of other diseases, including cognitive functions, heart failure, multiple drug resistance in cancer therapy, immune diseases, systemic sclerosis and others. This comprehensive review aims to provide an updated assessment of the crucial role played by PDE5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) as disease-modifying agents taking their limiting side effects into consideration. From a medicinal chemistry and drug discovery perspective, the published PDE5-Is over the last 10 years and their binding characteristics are systemically discussed, and advancement in properties is exposed. A persistent challenge encountered with these agents lies in their limited isozyme selectivity; considering this obstacle, this review also highlights the breakthrough development of the recently reported PDE5 allosteric inhibitors, which exhibit an unparalleled level of selectivity that was rarely achievable by competitive inhibitors. The implications and potential impact of these novel allosteric inhibitors are meticulously explored. Additionally, the concept of multi-targeted ligands is critically evaluated in relation to PDE5-Is by inspecting the broader spectrum of their molecular interactions and effects. The objective of this review is to provide insight into the design of potent, selective PDE5-Is and an overview of their biological function, limitations, challenges, therapeutic potentials, undergoing clinical trials, future prospects and emerging uses, thus guiding upcoming endeavors in both academia and industry within this domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K. ElHady
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo 11865, Egypt;
| | - Dalia S. El-Gamil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo 12451, Egypt;
| | - Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
| | - Ashraf H. Abadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ding Y, Shen L, Liang K, Xia C. Synthesis of C2-Carbonyl Indoles via Visible Light-Induced Oxidative Cleavage of an Aminomethylene Group. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16644-16654. [PMID: 36445203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for photochemical oxidative cleavage of the aminomethylene group at the C2 position of indole was developed to synthesize C2-carbonyl indoles. The reaction was initiated by the photochemical oxidation of N1, followed by a water-assisted concerted H-shift by abstracting hydrogen from aminomethylene. Bromopyridine was discovered to play dual roles as an oxidant for the regeneration of photocatalysts and as an accelerant for the single-electron transfer process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Kangjiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Chengfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Scaffold Repurposing Reveals New Nanomolar Phosphodiesterase Type 5 (PDE5) Inhibitors Based on Pyridopyrazinone Scaffold: Investigation of In Vitro and In Silico Properties. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091954. [PMID: 36145702 PMCID: PMC9501832 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of PDE5 results in elevation of cGMP leading to vascular relaxation and reduction in the systemic blood pressure. Therefore, PDE5 inhibitors are used as antihypertensive and antianginal agents in addition to their major use as male erectile dysfunction treatments. Previously, we developed a novel series of 34 pyridopyrazinone derivatives as anticancer agents (series A–H). Herein, a multi-step in silico approach was preliminary conducted to evaluate the predicted PDE5 inhibitory activity, followed by an in vitro biological evaluation over the enzymatic level and a detailed SAR study. The designed 2D-QSAR model which was carried out to predict the IC50 of the tested compounds revealed series B, D, E and G with nanomolar range of IC50 values (6.00–81.56 nM). A further docking simulation model was performed to investigate the binding modes within the active site of PDE5. Interestingly, most of the tested compounds showed almost the same binding modes of that of reported PDE5 inhibitors. To validate the in silico results, an in vitro enzymatic assay over PDE5 enzyme was performed for a number of the promising candidates with different substitutions. Both series E and G exhibited a potent inhibitory activity (IC50 = 18.13–41.41 nM). Compound 11b (series G, oxadiazole-based derivatives with terminal 4-NO2 substituted phenyl ring and rigid linker) was the most potent analogue with IC50 value of 18.13 nM. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) data attained for various substitutions were rationalized. Furthermore, a molecular dynamic simulation gave insights into the inhibitory activity of the most active compound (11b). Accordingly, this report presents a successful scaffold repurposing approach that reveals compound 11b as a highly potent nanomolar PDE5 inhibitor worthy of further investigation.
Collapse
|
6
|
Lagoutte-Renosi J, Allemand F, Ramseyer C, Yesylevskyy S, Davani S. Molecular modeling in cardiovascular pharmacology: Current state of the art and perspectives. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:985-1007. [PMID: 34863931 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Molecular modeling in pharmacology is a promising emerging tool for exploring drug interactions with cellular components. Recent advances in molecular simulations, big data analysis, and artificial intelligence (AI) have opened new opportunities for rationalizing drug interactions with their pharmacological targets. Despite the obvious utility and increasing impact of computational approaches, their development is not progressing at the same speed in different fields of pharmacology. Here, we review current in silico techniques used in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cardiological drug discovery, and assessment of cardiotoxicity. In silico techniques are paving the way to a new era in cardiovascular medicine, but their use somewhat lags behind that in other fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lagoutte-Renosi
- EA 3920 Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Toxicologie-CHU de Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Florentin Allemand
- EA 3920 Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Laboratoire Chrono Environnement UMR CNRS 6249, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Christophe Ramseyer
- Laboratoire Chrono Environnement UMR CNRS 6249, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Semen Yesylevskyy
- Laboratoire Chrono Environnement UMR CNRS 6249, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France; Department of Physics of Biological Systems, Institute of Physics of The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Nauky Sve. 46, Kyiv, Ukraine; Receptor.ai inc, 16192 Coastal Highway, Lewes, DE, USA
| | - Siamak Davani
- EA 3920 Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Toxicologie-CHU de Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abdel-Halim M, Sigler S, Racheed NAS, Hefnawy A, Fathalla RK, Hammam MA, Maher A, Maxuitenko Y, Keeton AB, Hartmann RW, Engel M, Piazza GA, Abadi AH. From Celecoxib to a Novel Class of Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors: Trisubstituted Pyrazolines as Novel Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors with Extremely High Potency and Phosphodiesterase Isozyme Selectivity. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4462-4477. [PMID: 33793216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A ligand-based approach involving systematic modifications of a trisubstituted pyrazoline scaffold derived from the COX2 inhibitor, celecoxib, was used to develop novel PDE5 inhibitors. Novel pyrazolines were identified with potent PDE5 inhibitory activity lacking COX2 inhibitory activity. Compound d12 was the most potent with an IC50 of 1 nM, which was three times more potent than sildenafil and more selective with a selectivity index of >10,000-fold against all other PDE isozymes. Sildenafil inhibited the full-length and catalytic fragment of PDE5, while compound d12 only inhibited the full-length enzyme, suggesting a mechanism of enzyme inhibition distinct from sildenafil. The PDE5 inhibitory activity of compound d12 was confirmed in cells using a cGMP biosensor assay. Oral administration of compound d12 achieved plasma levels >1000-fold higher than IC50 values and showed no discernable toxicity after repeated dosing. These results reveal a novel strategy to inhibit PDE5 with unprecedented potency and isozyme selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Sara Sigler
- Departments of Oncologic Sciences and Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, Alabama 36604, United States
| | - Nora A S Racheed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Amr Hefnawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Reem K Fathalla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2.3, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mennatallah A Hammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Maher
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza 11266, Egypt
| | - Yulia Maxuitenko
- Departments of Oncologic Sciences and Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, Alabama 36604, United States
| | - Adam B Keeton
- Departments of Oncologic Sciences and Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, Alabama 36604, United States
| | - Rolf W Hartmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2.3, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Matthias Engel
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2.3, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Gary A Piazza
- Departments of Oncologic Sciences and Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, Alabama 36604, United States
| | - Ashraf H Abadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
A review on β-carboline alkaloids and their distribution in foodstuffs: A class of potential functional components or not? Food Chem 2021; 348:129067. [PMID: 33548760 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacologically active β-carboline alkaloids (βCs) such as harman, norharman and some others are naturally present in plants and occur in many foodstuffs. They have a lot of pharmacological properties, including antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, and possess the potential for treating Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression and other central nervous system diseases. Dietary intake is proven to be an important source of βCs. Therefore, it is important to know the amounts of βCs that can be gotten from daily diets. This review summarizes the pharmacological activities, toxicology and formation of βCs, and gives collective information on contents of βCs in different foodstuffs.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ayipo YO, Mordi MN, Mustapha M, Damodaran T. Neuropharmacological potentials of β-carboline alkaloids for neuropsychiatric disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 893:173837. [PMID: 33359647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders are diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) which are characterised by complex pathomechanisms that including homeostatic failure, malfunction, atrophy, pathology remodelling and reactivity anomaly of the neuronal system where treatment options remain challenging. β-Carboline (βC) alkaloids are scaffolds of structurally diverse tricyclic pyrido[3,4-b]indole alkaloid with vast occurrence in nature. Their unique structural features which favour interactions with enzymes and protein receptor targets account for their potent neuropharmacological properties. However, our current understanding of their biological mechanisms for these beneficial effects, especially for neuropsychiatric disorders is sparse. Therefore, we present a comprehensive review of the scientific progress in the last two decades on the prospective pharmacology and physiology of the βC alkaloids in the treatment of some neuropsychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, brain tumour, essential tremor, epilepsy and seizure, licking behaviour, dystonia, agnosia, spasm, positive ingestive response as demonstrated in non-clinical models. The current evidence supports that βC alkaloids offer potential therapeutic agents against most of these disorders and amenable for further drug design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Oloruntoyin Ayipo
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Department of Chemical, Geological and Physical Sciences, Kwara State University, P. M. B., 1530, Malete, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Mohd Nizam Mordi
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Muzaimi Mustapha
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Thenmoly Damodaran
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hu L, Li L, Chang Q, Fu S, Qin J, Chen Z, Li X, Liu Q, Hu G, Li Q. Discovery of Novel Pyrazolo[3,4- b] Pyridine Derivatives with Dual Activities of Vascular Remodeling Inhibition and Vasodilation for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11215-11234. [PMID: 32914624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Current pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) therapeutic strategies mainly focus on vascular relaxation with less emphasis on vascular remodeling, which results in poor prognosis. Hence, dual pathway regulators with vasodilation effect via soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulation and vascular remodeling regulation effect by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibition provide more advantages and potentialities. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of novel pyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridine derivatives based on sGC stimulator and AMPK inhibitor scaffolds. In vitro, 2 exhibited moderate vasodilation activity and higher proliferation and migration suppressive effects compared to riociguat. In vivo, 2 significantly decreased right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), attenuated pulmonary artery medial thickness (PAMT), and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) in hypoxia-induced PAH rat models (i.g.). Given the unique advantages of significant vascular remodeling inhibition and moderate vascular relaxation based on the dual pathway regulation, we proposed 2 as a promising lead for anti-PAH drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, 23298 Virginia, United States
| | - Lijun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Qi Chang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Songsen Fu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Jia Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Qinglian Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, 23298 Virginia, United States
| | - Gaoyun Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| | - Qianbin Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Iraji A, Khoshneviszadeh M, Firuzi O, Khoshneviszadeh M, Edraki N. Novel small molecule therapeutic agents for Alzheimer disease: Focusing on BACE1 and multi-target directed ligands. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103649. [PMID: 32101780 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that effects 50 million people worldwide. In this review, AD pathology and the development of novel therapeutic agents targeting AD were fully discussed. In particular, common approaches to prevent Aβ production and/or accumulation in the brain including α-secretase activators, specific γ-secretase modulators and small molecules BACE1 inhibitors were reviewed. Additionally, natural-origin bioactive compounds that provide AD therapeutic advances have been introduced. Considering AD is a multifactorial disease, the therapeutic potential of diverse multi target-directed ligands (MTDLs) that combine the efficacy of cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors, MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors, BACE1 inhibitors, phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) inhibitors, for the treatment of AD are also reviewed. This article also highlights descriptions on the regulator of serotonin receptor (5-HT), metal chelators, anti-aggregants, antioxidants and neuroprotective agents targeting AD. Finally, current computational methods for evaluating the structure-activity relationships (SAR) and virtual screening (VS) of AD drugs are discussed and evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aida Iraji
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahsima Khoshneviszadeh
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Omidreza Firuzi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoshneviszadeh
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Recent applications of hydantoin and thiohydantoin in medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 164:517-545. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|