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Elgamal OA, Fobare S, Vibhute S, Mehmood A, Vroom DC, Johnson ML, Stearns B, Lerma JR, Truxall J, Stahl E, Carmichael B, Orwick SJ, Mims AS, Curran E, Santhanam R, Tridandapani S, Phelps MA, Xie Z, Coss CC, Baker SD, Patrick J, Ezzell JK, Rai J, Pan J, Rai SN, Stillwell C, Wunderlich M, Abdulrahim M, Goodwin TE, Hilinski G, Bennett CE, Hertlein E, Byrd JC. Pyrimidine depletion enhances targeted and immune therapy combinations in acute myeloid leukemia. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e173646. [PMID: 38646934 PMCID: PMC11141866 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.173646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a fatal disease characterized by the accumulation of undifferentiated myeloblasts, and agents that promote differentiation have been effective in this disease but are not curative. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors (DHODHi) have the ability to promote AML differentiation and target aberrant malignant myelopoiesis. We introduce HOSU-53, a DHODHi with significant monotherapy activity, which is further enhanced when combined with other standard-of-care therapeutics. We further discovered that DHODHi modulated surface expression of CD38 and CD47, prompting the evaluation of HOSU-53 combined with anti-CD38 and anti-CD47 therapies, where we identified a compelling curative potential in an aggressive AML model with CD47 targeting. Finally, we explored using plasma dihydroorotate (DHO) levels to monitor HOSU-53 safety and found that the level of DHO accumulation could predict HOSU-53 intolerability, suggesting the clinical use of plasma DHO to determine safe DHODHi doses. Collectively, our data support the clinical translation of HOSU-53 in AML, particularly to augment immune therapies. Potent DHODHi to date have been limited by their therapeutic index; however, we introduce pharmacodynamic monitoring to predict tolerability while preserving antitumor activity. We additionally suggest that DHODHi is effective at lower doses with select immune therapies, widening the therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola A. Elgamal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | - Sydney Fobare
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | - Sandip Vibhute
- Medicinal Chemistry Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Abeera Mehmood
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | - Dennis C. Vroom
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Mariah L. Johnson
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | - Blaise Stearns
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - James R. Lerma
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jean Truxall
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | - Emily Stahl
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | - Bridget Carmichael
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | - Shelley J. Orwick
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | - Alice S. Mims
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | - Emily Curran
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ramasamy Santhanam
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | | | | | - Zhiliang Xie
- College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center; and
| | - Christopher C. Coss
- Drug Development Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey Patrick
- Drug Development Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Janel K. Ezzell
- Drug Development Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jayesh Rai
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine
- Cancer Data Science Center, College of Medicine; and
- Biostatistics and Informatics Shared Resource, University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jianmin Pan
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine
- Cancer Data Science Center, College of Medicine; and
- Biostatistics and Informatics Shared Resource, University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Shesh N. Rai
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine
- Cancer Data Science Center, College of Medicine; and
- Biostatistics and Informatics Shared Resource, University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Cody Stillwell
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark Wunderlich
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - Gerard Hilinski
- Drug Development Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Chad E. Bennett
- Medicinal Chemistry Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Drug Development Institute, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Erin Hertlein
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | - John C. Byrd
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
- College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center; and
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2
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Yin Y, Yu H, Wang X, Hu Q, Liu Z, Luo D, Yang X. Cytoophidia: a conserved yet promising mode of enzyme regulation in nucleotide metabolism. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:245. [PMID: 38300325 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Nucleotide biosynthesis encompasses both de novo and salvage synthesis pathways, each characterized by significant material and procedural distinctions. Despite these differences, cells with elevated nucleotide demands exhibit a preference for the more intricate de novo synthesis pathway, intricately linked to modes of enzyme regulation. In this study, we primarily scrutinize the biological importance of a conserved yet promising mode of enzyme regulation in nucleotide metabolism-cytoophidia. Cytoophidia, comprising cytidine triphosphate synthase or inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, is explored across diverse biological models, including yeasts, Drosophila, mice, and human cancer cell lines. Additionally, we delineate potential biomedical applications of cytoophidia. As our understanding of cytoophidia deepens, the roles of enzyme compartmentalization and polymerization in various biochemical processes will unveil, promising profound impacts on both research and the treatment of metabolism-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- School of Queen Mary, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huanhuan Yu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Thyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaohao Hu
- The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhuoqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Daya Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.
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3
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Ali ES, Ben-Sahra I. Regulation of nucleotide metabolism in cancers and immune disorders. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:950-966. [PMID: 36967301 PMCID: PMC10518033 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotides are the foundational elements of life. Proliferative cells acquire nutrients for energy production and the synthesis of macromolecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Nucleotides are continuously replenished through the activation of the nucleotide synthesis pathways. Despite the importance of nucleotides in cell physiology, there is still much to learn about how the purine and pyrimidine synthesis pathways are regulated in response to intracellular and exogenous signals. Over the past decade, evidence has emerged that several signaling pathways [Akt, mechanistic target of rapamycin complex I (mTORC1), RAS, TP53, and Hippo-Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling] alter nucleotide synthesis activity and influence cell function. Here, we examine the mechanisms by which these signaling networks affect de novo nucleotide synthesis in mammalian cells. We also discuss how these molecular links can be targeted in diseases such as cancers and immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunus S Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Issam Ben-Sahra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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4
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Paulis A, Tramontano E. Unlocking STING as a Therapeutic Antiviral Strategy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087448. [PMID: 37108610 PMCID: PMC10138487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Invading pathogens have developed weapons that subvert physiological conditions to weaken the host and permit the spread of infection. Cells, on their side, have thus developed countermeasures to maintain cellular physiology and counteract pathogenesis. The cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) is a pattern recognition receptor that recognizes viral DNA present in the cytosol, activating the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein and leading to the production of type I interferons (IFN-I). Given its role in innate immunity activation, STING is considered an interesting and innovative target for the development of broad-spectrum antivirals. In this review, we discuss the function of STING; its modulation by the cellular stimuli; the molecular mechanisms developed by viruses, through which they escape this defense system; and the therapeutical strategies that have been developed to date to inhibit viral replication restoring STING functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalaura Paulis
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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5
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Tao J, Li C, Zhou K, Huan Y, Yuan Y, Liu A, Zhang F, Qi C, Shen Z. An Efficient Strategy for Synthesis of New Functionalized Furo[3,2‐
c
]pyridin‐4(
5
H
)‐one Derivatives under Mild Conditions. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing Zhejiang Province China
| | - Chunmei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing Zhejiang Province China
- College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Kaini Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing Zhejiang Province China
| | - Yongcan Huan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing Zhejiang Province China
| | - Yongjie Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing Zhejiang Province China
| | - Ali Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing Zhejiang Province China
| | - Furen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing Zhejiang Province China
| | - Chenze Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing Zhejiang Province China
| | - Zhenlu Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
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6
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Targeting nucleotide metabolism: a promising approach to enhance cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:45. [PMID: 35477416 PMCID: PMC9044757 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting nucleotide metabolism can not only inhibit tumor initiation and progression but also exert serious side effects. With in-depth studies of nucleotide metabolism, our understanding of nucleotide metabolism in tumors has revealed their non-proliferative effects on immune escape, indicating the potential effectiveness of nucleotide antimetabolites for enhancing immunotherapy. A growing body of evidence now supports the concept that targeting nucleotide metabolism can increase the antitumor immune response by (1) activating host immune systems via maintaining the concentrations of several important metabolites, such as adenosine and ATP, (2) promoting immunogenicity caused by increased mutability and genomic instability by disrupting the purine and pyrimidine pool, and (3) releasing nucleoside analogs via microbes to regulate immunity. Therapeutic approaches targeting nucleotide metabolism combined with immunotherapy have achieved exciting success in preclinical animal models. Here, we review how dysregulated nucleotide metabolism can promote tumor growth and interact with the host immune system, and we provide future insights into targeting nucleotide metabolism for immunotherapeutic treatment of various malignancies.
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7
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Li C, Yang X, Luo Y, Liu H, Zhong X, Zhou X, Zeng T, Tao L, Zhou Y, Gou K, Yang X, Liu X, Chen Q, Zhao Y, Luo Y. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of a Novel Series of Teriflunomide Derivatives as Potent Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors for Malignancy Treatment. J Med Chem 2021; 64:18175-18192. [PMID: 34905371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH), as the fourth and rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway, is regarded as an attractive target for malignancy therapy. In the present study, a novel series of teriflunomide derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as hDHODH inhibitors. 13t was the optimal compound with promising enzymatic activity (IC50 = 16.0 nM), potent antiproliferative activity against human lymphoma Raji cells (IC50 = 7.7 nM), and excellent aqueous solubility (20.1 mg/mL). Mechanistically, 13t directly inhibited hDHODH and induced cell cycle S-phase arrest in Raji cells. The acute toxicity assay indicated a favorable safety profile of 13t. Notably, 13t displayed significant tumor growth inhibition activity with a tumor growth inhibition (TGI) rate of 81.4% at 30 mg/kg in a Raji xenograft model. Together, 13t is a promising inhibitor of hDHODH and a preclinical candidate for antitumor therapy, especially for lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chungen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xi Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ting Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kun Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaocong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Youfu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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8
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Ostaszewski M, Niarakis A, Mazein A, Kuperstein I, Phair R, Orta‐Resendiz A, Singh V, Aghamiri SS, Acencio ML, Glaab E, Ruepp A, Fobo G, Montrone C, Brauner B, Frishman G, Monraz Gómez LC, Somers J, Hoch M, Kumar Gupta S, Scheel J, Borlinghaus H, Czauderna T, Schreiber F, Montagud A, Ponce de Leon M, Funahashi A, Hiki Y, Hiroi N, Yamada TG, Dräger A, Renz A, Naveez M, Bocskei Z, Messina F, Börnigen D, Fergusson L, Conti M, Rameil M, Nakonecnij V, Vanhoefer J, Schmiester L, Wang M, Ackerman EE, Shoemaker JE, Zucker J, Oxford K, Teuton J, Kocakaya E, Summak GY, Hanspers K, Kutmon M, Coort S, Eijssen L, Ehrhart F, Rex DAB, Slenter D, Martens M, Pham N, Haw R, Jassal B, Matthews L, Orlic‐Milacic M, Senff Ribeiro A, Rothfels K, Shamovsky V, Stephan R, Sevilla C, Varusai T, Ravel J, Fraser R, Ortseifen V, Marchesi S, Gawron P, Smula E, Heirendt L, Satagopam V, Wu G, Riutta A, Golebiewski M, Owen S, Goble C, Hu X, Overall RW, Maier D, Bauch A, Gyori BM, Bachman JA, Vega C, Grouès V, Vazquez M, Porras P, Licata L, Iannuccelli M, Sacco F, Nesterova A, Yuryev A, de Waard A, Turei D, Luna A, Babur O, Soliman S, Valdeolivas A, Esteban‐Medina M, Peña‐Chilet M, Rian K, Helikar T, Puniya BL, Modos D, Treveil A, Olbei M, De Meulder B, Ballereau S, Dugourd A, Naldi A, Noël V, Calzone L, Sander C, Demir E, Korcsmaros T, Freeman TC, Augé F, Beckmann JS, Hasenauer J, Wolkenhauer O, Wilighagen EL, Pico AR, Evelo CT, Gillespie ME, Stein LD, Hermjakob H, D'Eustachio P, Saez‐Rodriguez J, Dopazo J, Valencia A, Kitano H, Barillot E, Auffray C, Balling R, Schneider R. COVID19 Disease Map, a computational knowledge repository of virus-host interaction mechanisms. Mol Syst Biol 2021; 17:e10387. [PMID: 34664389 PMCID: PMC8524328 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202110387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We need to effectively combine the knowledge from surging literature with complex datasets to propose mechanistic models of SARS-CoV-2 infection, improving data interpretation and predicting key targets of intervention. Here, we describe a large-scale community effort to build an open access, interoperable and computable repository of COVID-19 molecular mechanisms. The COVID-19 Disease Map (C19DMap) is a graphical, interactive representation of disease-relevant molecular mechanisms linking many knowledge sources. Notably, it is a computational resource for graph-based analyses and disease modelling. To this end, we established a framework of tools, platforms and guidelines necessary for a multifaceted community of biocurators, domain experts, bioinformaticians and computational biologists. The diagrams of the C19DMap, curated from the literature, are integrated with relevant interaction and text mining databases. We demonstrate the application of network analysis and modelling approaches by concrete examples to highlight new testable hypotheses. This framework helps to find signatures of SARS-CoV-2 predisposition, treatment response or prioritisation of drug candidates. Such an approach may help deal with new waves of COVID-19 or similar pandemics in the long-term perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Ostaszewski
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Anna Niarakis
- Université Paris‐SaclayLaboratoire Européen de Recherche pour la Polyarthrite rhumatoïde ‐ GenhotelUniv EvryEvryFrance
- Lifeware GroupInria Saclay‐Ile de FrancePalaiseauFrance
| | - Alexander Mazein
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Inna Kuperstein
- Institut CuriePSL Research UniversityParisFrance
- INSERMParisFrance
- MINES ParisTechPSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Robert Phair
- Integrative Bioinformatics, Inc.Mountain ViewCAUSA
| | - Aurelio Orta‐Resendiz
- Institut PasteurUniversité de Paris, Unité HIVInflammation et PersistanceParisFrance
- Bio Sorbonne Paris CitéUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Vidisha Singh
- Université Paris‐SaclayLaboratoire Européen de Recherche pour la Polyarthrite rhumatoïde ‐ GenhotelUniv EvryEvryFrance
| | - Sara Sadat Aghamiri
- Inserm‐ Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicaleParisFrance
| | - Marcio Luis Acencio
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Enrico Glaab
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Andreas Ruepp
- Institute of Experimental Genetics (IEG)Helmholtz Zentrum München‐German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Gisela Fobo
- Institute of Experimental Genetics (IEG)Helmholtz Zentrum München‐German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Corinna Montrone
- Institute of Experimental Genetics (IEG)Helmholtz Zentrum München‐German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Barbara Brauner
- Institute of Experimental Genetics (IEG)Helmholtz Zentrum München‐German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Goar Frishman
- Institute of Experimental Genetics (IEG)Helmholtz Zentrum München‐German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Luis Cristóbal Monraz Gómez
- Institut CuriePSL Research UniversityParisFrance
- INSERMParisFrance
- MINES ParisTechPSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Julia Somers
- Department of Molecular and Medical GeneticsOregon Health & Sciences UniversityPortlandORUSA
| | - Matti Hoch
- Department of Systems Biology and BioinformaticsUniversity of RostockRostockGermany
| | | | - Julia Scheel
- Department of Systems Biology and BioinformaticsUniversity of RostockRostockGermany
| | - Hanna Borlinghaus
- Department of Computer and Information ScienceUniversity of KonstanzKonstanzGermany
| | - Tobias Czauderna
- Faculty of Information TechnologyDepartment of Human‐Centred ComputingMonash UniversityClaytonVic.Australia
| | - Falk Schreiber
- Department of Computer and Information ScienceUniversity of KonstanzKonstanzGermany
- Faculty of Information TechnologyDepartment of Human‐Centred ComputingMonash UniversityClaytonVic.Australia
| | | | | | - Akira Funahashi
- Department of Biosciences and InformaticsKeio UniversityYokohamaJapan
| | - Yusuke Hiki
- Department of Biosciences and InformaticsKeio UniversityYokohamaJapan
| | - Noriko Hiroi
- Graduate School of Media and GovernanceResearch Institute at SFCKeio UniversityKanagawaJapan
| | - Takahiro G Yamada
- Department of Biosciences and InformaticsKeio UniversityYokohamaJapan
| | - Andreas Dräger
- Computational Systems Biology of Infections and Antimicrobial‐Resistant PathogensInstitute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI)University of TübingenTübingenGermany
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner siteTübingenGermany
| | - Alina Renz
- Computational Systems Biology of Infections and Antimicrobial‐Resistant PathogensInstitute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI)University of TübingenTübingenGermany
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Muhammad Naveez
- Department of Systems Biology and BioinformaticsUniversity of RostockRostockGermany
- Institute of Applied Computer SystemsRiga Technical UniversityRigaLatvia
| | - Zsolt Bocskei
- Sanofi R&DTranslational SciencesChilly‐MazarinFrance
| | - Francesco Messina
- Dipartimento di Epidemiologia Ricerca Pre‐Clinica e Diagnostica AvanzataNational Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' I.R.C.C.S.RomeItaly
- COVID‐19 INMI Network Medicine for IDs Study GroupNational Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' I.R.C.C.SRomeItaly
| | - Daniela Börnigen
- Bioinformatics Core FacilityUniversitätsklinikum Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Liam Fergusson
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary MedicineThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Marta Conti
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Marius Rameil
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Vanessa Nakonecnij
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Jakob Vanhoefer
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Leonard Schmiester
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
- Center for MathematicsChair of Mathematical Modeling of Biological SystemsTechnische Universität MünchenGarchingGermany
| | - Muying Wang
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum EngineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Emily E Ackerman
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum EngineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Jason E Shoemaker
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum EngineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kristina Hanspers
- Institute of Data Science and BiotechnologyGladstone InstitutesSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Martina Kutmon
- Department of Bioinformatics ‐ BiGCaTNUTRIMMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Susan Coort
- Department of Bioinformatics ‐ BiGCaTNUTRIMMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Lars Eijssen
- Department of Bioinformatics ‐ BiGCaTNUTRIMMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Maastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Friederike Ehrhart
- Department of Bioinformatics ‐ BiGCaTNUTRIMMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Maastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Denise Slenter
- Department of Bioinformatics ‐ BiGCaTNUTRIMMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Marvin Martens
- Department of Bioinformatics ‐ BiGCaTNUTRIMMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Nhung Pham
- Department of Bioinformatics ‐ BiGCaTNUTRIMMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Robin Haw
- MaRS CentreOntario Institute for Cancer ResearchTorontoONCanada
| | - Bijay Jassal
- MaRS CentreOntario Institute for Cancer ResearchTorontoONCanada
| | | | | | - Andrea Senff Ribeiro
- MaRS CentreOntario Institute for Cancer ResearchTorontoONCanada
- Universidade Federal do ParanáCuritibaBrasil
| | - Karen Rothfels
- MaRS CentreOntario Institute for Cancer ResearchTorontoONCanada
| | | | - Ralf Stephan
- MaRS CentreOntario Institute for Cancer ResearchTorontoONCanada
| | - Cristoffer Sevilla
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI)European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHinxton, CambridgeshireUK
| | - Thawfeek Varusai
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI)European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHinxton, CambridgeshireUK
| | - Jean‐Marie Ravel
- INSERM UMR_S 1256Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE)Faculty of Medicine of NancyUniversity of LorraineNancyFrance
- Laboratoire de génétique médicaleCHRU NancyNancyFrance
| | - Rupsha Fraser
- Queen's Medical Research InstituteThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Vera Ortseifen
- Senior Research Group in Genome Research of Industrial MicroorganismsCenter for BiotechnologyBielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany
| | - Silvia Marchesi
- Department of Surgical ScienceUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Piotr Gawron
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
- Institute of Computing SciencePoznan University of TechnologyPoznanPoland
| | - Ewa Smula
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Laurent Heirendt
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Venkata Satagopam
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Guanming Wu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical EpidemiologyOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandORUSA
| | - Anders Riutta
- Institute of Data Science and BiotechnologyGladstone InstitutesSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | | | - Stuart Owen
- Department of Computer ScienceThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Carole Goble
- Department of Computer ScienceThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Rupert W Overall
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) DresdenDresdenGermany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD)Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
- Institute for BiologyHumboldt University of BerlinBerlinGermany
| | | | | | - Benjamin M Gyori
- Harvard Medical SchoolLaboratory of Systems PharmacologyBostonMAUSA
| | - John A Bachman
- Harvard Medical SchoolLaboratory of Systems PharmacologyBostonMAUSA
| | - Carlos Vega
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Valentin Grouès
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | | | - Pablo Porras
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI)European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHinxton, CambridgeshireUK
| | - Luana Licata
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly
| | | | - Francesca Sacco
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly
| | | | | | | | - Denes Turei
- Institute for Computational BiomedicineHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Augustin Luna
- cBio Center, Divisions of Biostatistics and Computational BiologyDepartment of Data SciencesDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMAUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Ozgun Babur
- Computer Science DepartmentUniversity of Massachusetts BostonBostonMAUSA
| | | | - Alberto Valdeolivas
- Institute for Computational BiomedicineHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Marina Esteban‐Medina
- Clinical Bioinformatics AreaFundación Progreso y Salud (FPS)Hospital Virgen del RocioSevillaSpain
- Computational Systems Medicine GroupInstitute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)Hospital Virgen del RocioSevillaSpain
| | - Maria Peña‐Chilet
- Clinical Bioinformatics AreaFundación Progreso y Salud (FPS)Hospital Virgen del RocioSevillaSpain
- Computational Systems Medicine GroupInstitute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)Hospital Virgen del RocioSevillaSpain
- Bioinformatics in Rare Diseases (BiER)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)FPS, Hospital Virgen del RocíoSevillaSpain
| | - Kinza Rian
- Clinical Bioinformatics AreaFundación Progreso y Salud (FPS)Hospital Virgen del RocioSevillaSpain
- Computational Systems Medicine GroupInstitute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)Hospital Virgen del RocioSevillaSpain
| | - Tomáš Helikar
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Nebraska‐LincolnLincolnNEUSA
| | | | - Dezso Modos
- Quadram Institute BioscienceNorwichUK
- Earlham InstituteNorwichUK
| | - Agatha Treveil
- Quadram Institute BioscienceNorwichUK
- Earlham InstituteNorwichUK
| | - Marton Olbei
- Quadram Institute BioscienceNorwichUK
- Earlham InstituteNorwichUK
| | | | - Stephane Ballereau
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Aurélien Dugourd
- Institute for Computational BiomedicineHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems BiologyFaculty of Medicine, RWTHAachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | | | - Vincent Noël
- Institut CuriePSL Research UniversityParisFrance
- INSERMParisFrance
- MINES ParisTechPSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Laurence Calzone
- Institut CuriePSL Research UniversityParisFrance
- INSERMParisFrance
- MINES ParisTechPSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Chris Sander
- cBio Center, Divisions of Biostatistics and Computational BiologyDepartment of Data SciencesDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMAUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Emek Demir
- Department of Molecular and Medical GeneticsOregon Health & Sciences UniversityPortlandORUSA
| | | | - Tom C Freeman
- The Roslin InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Franck Augé
- Sanofi R&DTranslational SciencesChilly‐MazarinFrance
| | | | - Jan Hasenauer
- Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental HealthInstitute of Computational BiologyNeuherbergGermany
- Interdisciplinary Research Unit Mathematics and Life SciencesUniversity of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Olaf Wolkenhauer
- Department of Systems Biology and BioinformaticsUniversity of RostockRostockGermany
| | - Egon L Wilighagen
- Department of Bioinformatics ‐ BiGCaTNUTRIMMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Alexander R Pico
- Institute of Data Science and BiotechnologyGladstone InstitutesSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Chris T Evelo
- Department of Bioinformatics ‐ BiGCaTNUTRIMMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Marc E Gillespie
- MaRS CentreOntario Institute for Cancer ResearchTorontoONCanada
- St. John’s University College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesQueensNYUSA
| | - Lincoln D Stein
- MaRS CentreOntario Institute for Cancer ResearchTorontoONCanada
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI)European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHinxton, CambridgeshireUK
| | | | | | - Joaquin Dopazo
- Clinical Bioinformatics AreaFundación Progreso y Salud (FPS)Hospital Virgen del RocioSevillaSpain
- Computational Systems Medicine GroupInstitute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS)Hospital Virgen del RocioSevillaSpain
- Bioinformatics in Rare Diseases (BiER)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)FPS, Hospital Virgen del RocíoSevillaSpain
- FPS/ELIXIR‐esHospital Virgen del RocíoSevillaSpain
| | - Alfonso Valencia
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC)BarcelonaSpain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Hiroaki Kitano
- Systems Biology InstituteTokyoJapan
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate SchoolOkinawaJapan
| | - Emmanuel Barillot
- Institut CuriePSL Research UniversityParisFrance
- INSERMParisFrance
- MINES ParisTechPSL Research UniversityParisFrance
| | - Charles Auffray
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Rudi Balling
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Reinhard Schneider
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems BiomedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
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9
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Karapetyan LV, Tokmajyan GG. Synthesis of New Polyconjugated Systems Containing Iminodihydrofuran and Benzene Rings. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021040230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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10
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Zhou Y, Tao L, Zhou X, Zuo Z, Gong J, Liu X, Zhou Y, Liu C, Sang N, Liu H, Zou J, Gou K, Yang X, Zhao Y. DHODH and cancer: promising prospects to be explored. Cancer Metab 2021; 9:22. [PMID: 33971967 PMCID: PMC8107416 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-021-00250-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a flavin-dependent mitochondrial enzyme catalyzing the fourth step in the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway. It is originally a target for the treatment of the non-neoplastic diseases involving in rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, and is re-emerging as a validated therapeutic target for cancer therapy. In this review, we mainly unravel the biological function of DHODH in tumor progression, including its crucial role in de novo pyrimidine synthesis and mitochondrial respiratory chain in cancer cells. Moreover, various DHODH inhibitors developing in the past decades are also been displayed, and the specific mechanism between DHODH and its additional effects are illustrated. Collectively, we detailly discuss the association between DHODH and tumors in recent years here, and believe it will provide significant evidences and potential strategies for utilizing DHODH as a potential target in preclinical and clinical cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zeping Zuo
- The Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaocong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chunqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huan Liu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiao Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kun Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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11
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Karapetyan LV, Tokmajyan GG, Paronikyan RV. Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of New Polyheteroconjugated and Dinuclear Systems Based on N-Substituted 2-Imino-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-carboxamides. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021010206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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