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Marini G, Piculo F, Vesentini G, Damasceno DC, Delella FK, Calderon IMP, Daneshgari F, Felisbino SL, Barbosa AMP, Rudge MVC. The influence of hyperglycemia on the remodeling of urethral connective tissue in pregnant rats. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017; 221:81-88. [PMID: 29275277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution and quantification of the key structural extracellular matrix components of the urethral tissue in a rat model of hyperglycemia and pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN A total of 120 female Wistar rats were distributed into the following four experimental groups: virgin, pregnant, hyperglycemic and hyperglycemic + pregnant groups. The urethra was harvested for histochemical, morphometric, immunohistochemical, Western blot and glycosaminoglycan analyses. All protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Botucatu Medical School (process number 828-2010). RESULTS The hyperglycemic + pregnant group showed significantly increased stiffness in urethral tissue. The total striated muscle was decreased, with increased deposition of collagen fibers around the muscle fibers and a change in the organization of the collagen fibrils. An increase in the relative collagen type I/III ratio and a decrease in total glycosaminoglycans were also observed. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first line of experimental evidence supporting a metabolic relationship between hyperglycemia and urethral remodeling of connective tissue in pregnant rats. The different organization of the collagen fibrils and the profile of glycosaminoglycans found in urethral samples suggest that the pathology of the urethral fibromuscular system could be related to hyperglycemia-induced pelvic floor dysfunction in women, which has direct clinical implications with the possibility to develop new multidisciplinary treatments for improving the health care of these women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Marini
- Universidade do Sagrado Coração (USC), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil; UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Piculo
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana Vesentini
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora C Damasceno
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia K Delella
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Morphology, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iracema M P Calderon
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Firouz Daneshgari
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Urology, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sérgio L Felisbino
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Morphology, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angélica M P Barbosa
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilza V C Rudge
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sorpreso ICE, Soares Júnior JM, Fonseca AMD, Baracat EC. Female aging. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2016; 61:553-6. [PMID: 26841166 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.61.06.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Female aging is a process that involves hypoestrogenism time, the individual impact on each woman, and what we can do as experts to reduce morbidity and provide quality of life. This natural process in the female life cycle has been of concern to women after menopause. Changes in different biophysical and psychosocial aspects, and their individual experiences, have repercussions on the lives of patients seeking specialized and multidisciplinary support to reduce the harmful effects of prolonged hypoestrogenism. Overweight and obesity, inadequate living habits and the presence of multi-morbidities cause damage to the quality of life and impact the functional capacity. Behavioral prescription and hormone therapy are among the treatments given to ease symptoms and reduce morbidity. A better understanding of these factors can help identify groups that require more care after menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Cristina Esposito Sorpreso
- Division of Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edmund Chada Baracat
- Division of Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, FM, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Ruano JM, Feldner PC, Takano CC, Castro RA, Nader HB, Sartori MGF, Girão MJBC. Impact of birth in the presence and absence of simulated birth injury on vaginal glycosaminoglycan content. Int Urogynecol J 2011; 22:1513-9. [PMID: 21850509 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-011-1514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS This study aims to evaluate the effects of simulated birth trauma and vaginal and Cesarean delivery on glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the vagina of female rats. METHODS One hundred ten rats were divided into six groups: A (control), B (vaginal trauma), C (Cesarean delivery), D (Cesarean delivery followed by vaginal trauma), E (vaginal delivery), and F (20th day of gestation). In each group, half of the animals were killed 4 days after the procedure (time 1) and 12 weeks later (time 2). GAGs were extracted, isolated, and identified by using agarose gel electrophoresis and quantified by densitometry. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS We observed a significant decrease in total GAGs and dermatan sulfate (DS) at time 1. Evaluation at time 2 showed a significant increase in total GAGs, DS, and heparan sulfate. CONCLUSIONS Levels of sulfated GAGs in the rat vagina are affected by delivery and simulated birth trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Maria Ruano
- Section of Urogynecology and Pelvic Surgery/Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ponglowhapan S, Church DB, Khalid M. Effect of the gonadal status and the gender on glycosaminoglycans profile in the lower urinary tract of dogs. Theriogenology 2011; 76:1284-92. [PMID: 21777968 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) form a functional component of connective tissues that affect the structural and functional integrity of the lower urinary tract (LUT). The specific GAGs of physiological relevance are both nonsulfated (hyaluronan) and sulfated GAGs (chondroitin sulphate [CS], dermatan sulphate [DS], keratan sulphate [KS], and heparan sulphate [HS]). As GAG composition in the LUT is hormonally regulated, we postulated that gonadectomy-induced endocrine imbalance alters the profile of GAGs in the canine LUT. Four regions of the LUT (body and neck of the bladder as well as the proximal and distal urethra) from 20 clinically healthy dogs (5 intact males, 5 intact anoestrus females, 4 castrated males, and 6 spayed females) were collected, wax-embedded and sectioned. Alcian blue staining at critical electrolyte concentrations was performed on the sections to determine total GAGs, hyaluronan, total sulfated GAGs, combined components of CS and DS, as well as KS and HS. The amount of staining was evaluated in 3 tissue layers, i.e., epithelium, subepithelial stroma and muscle within a region. Overall, hyaluronan (67.1%) was the predominant GAG in the LUT. Among sulfated GAGs, a combined component of KS and HS was found to be 61.8% and 38.2% for CS and DS. Gonadal status significantly affected GAG profiles in the LUT (P < 0.01). All GAG components were lower (P < 0.05) in body of the bladder of gonadectomized dogs. Total sulfated GAGs and a combined component of KS and HS were lower (P < 0.05) in all 4 regions of gonadectomized dogs. Except for a combined component of CS and DS, decreases in all GAGs were found more consistently in the muscle compared to other tissue layers. Differences between genders became obvious only when considered along with the effect of gonadal status. In gonadectomized dogs, changes in GAG components in the LUT were more consistent in females compared to males; this may partly explain different levels of risk in the development of urinary incontinence between genders. Quantitative differences in GAG profiles found between intact and gonadectomized dogs indicate a potential role of gonadectomy-induced endocrine imbalance in modifying GAG composition in the canine LUT. Profound alteration in the pattern of GAGs in gonadectomized dogs may compromise structural and functional integrity of the LUT and is possibly involved in the underlying mechanism of urinary incontinence post neutering.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ponglowhapan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Reis AV, Guilherme MR, S de Almeida EAM, Kunita MH, Muniz EC, Rubira AF, Tambourgi EB. Copolymer hydrogel microspheres consisting of modified sulfate chondroitin-co-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Guilherme MR, Reis AV, Alves BR, Kunita MH, Rubira AF, Tambourgi EB. Smart hollow microspheres of chondroitin sulfate conjugates and magnetite nanoparticles for magnetic vector. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 352:107-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kati LM, Feldner PC, de Castro RA, Kobayashi EY, Sartori MGF, Nader HB, Castello Girão MJB. Analysis of Glycosaminoglycans in the Parametrium and Vaginal Apex of Women with and without Uterine Prolapse. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2010; 19:1341-4. [DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2009.1567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Mina Kati
- Section of Urogynecology and Pelvic Surgery, Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cezar Feldner
- Section of Urogynecology and Pelvic Surgery, Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Aquino de Castro
- Section of Urogynecology and Pelvic Surgery, Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elsa Yoko Kobayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marair Gracio Ferreira Sartori
- Section of Urogynecology and Pelvic Surgery, Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena B. Nader
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Reis AV, Guilherme MR, Mattoso LHC, Rubira AF, Tambourgi EB, Muniz EC. Nanometer- and Submicrometer-Sized Hollow Spheres of Chondroitin Sulfate as a Potential Formulation Strategy for Anti-inflammatory Encapsulation. Pharm Res 2008; 26:438-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9732-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 09/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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