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Caradeux J, Fernández B, Ávila F, Valenzuela A, Mondión M, Figueras F. Pregnancies through oocyte donation. A mini review of pathways involved in placental dysfunction. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1338516. [PMID: 38298815 PMCID: PMC10827872 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1338516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancies resulting from assisted reproductive techniques (ART) are increasingly prevalent worldwide. While most pregnancies conceived through in-vitro fertilization (IVF) progress without complications, mounting evidence suggests that these pregnancies are at a heightened risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Specifically, IVF pregnancies involving oocyte donation have garnered attention due to numerous reports indicating an elevated risk profile for pregnancy-related complications within this subgroup of patients. The precise mechanisms contributing to this increased risk of complications remain incompletely understood. Nonetheless, it is likely that they are mediated by an abnormal immune response at the fetal-maternal interface. Additionally, these outcomes may be influenced by baseline patient characteristics, such as the etiology of infertility, absence of corpus luteum, and variations in endometrial preparation protocols, among other factors. This review aims to succinctly summarize the most widely accepted mechanisms that potentially contribute to the onset of placental dysfunction in pregnancies conceived through oocyte donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Caradeux
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
| | - Benjamín Fernández
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Ávila
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Valenzuela
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Francesc Figueras
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia i Neonatologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Moramezi F, Nikbakht R, Saadati N, Farhadi E, Raad N. Comparing the occurrence rate of gestational hypertension during pregnancy with frozen embryo transfer and natural pregnancy. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:3312-3318. [PMID: 38361845 PMCID: PMC10866262 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2429_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent researches have indicated that pregnancies with frozen embryo transfer are associated with the increment of risk of maternal and neonatal complications, especially hypertension during pregnancy. The present study aimed to compare the occurrence rate of gestational hypertension in pregnancy with frozen embryo transfer and normal pregnancy. Materials and Methods This research, as a retrospective cross-sectional study, was performed on pregnant women with frozen embryo transfer (n = 97) and women with normal pregnancies (n = 164) referring to medical centers under the supervision of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Women aged 18-35 were included in the study after week 20th of pregnancy. Maternal and neonatal outcomes including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (including gestational hypertension and preeclampsia), preterm birth (before the week 37th), low birth weight (lower than 2500 g), neonatal asphyxia (Apgar score >7 in minute 5th), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy were evaluated. The association between frozen embryo transfer and pregnancy outcomes was evaluated using multiple logistic regressions. Results The findings of this study indicated that pregnancy hypertension was observed in 23 people (23.7%) from the frozen embryo transfer group vs. 18 people (11.0%) from the normal pregnancy group (P = 0.006). Frozen embryo transfer pregnancy has a higher risk of gestational hypertension (OR = 2.521, 95% CI: 1.281-4.962; P = 0.007), preterm birth (OR = 2.264, 95% CI: 1.335-3.840; P = 0.002), and low birth weight (OR = 2.017, 95% CI: 1.178-3.455; P = 0.011). However, the incidence of birth asphyxia (P = 0.850), intrauterine growth restriction (P = 0.068), first-trimester bleeding (P = 0.809), and placenta accreta (P = 0.143) did not show a significant difference between two types of normal pregnancy and frozen embryo transfer pregnancy. Conclusion Frozen embryo transfer pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of maternal and neonatal complications, hypertension, preterm birth, and low birth weight compared to natural and spontaneous pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Moramezi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Roshan Nikbakht
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najimeh Saadati
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Farhadi
- Golestan Hospital Research and Development Unit, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Negin Raad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Evidence-Based Pre-Pregnancy Counseling for Oocyte Donation Pregnancies: a Systematic Review and Guide for Physicians. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:3311-3320. [PMID: 34981463 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00821-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that oocyte donation (OD) pregnancies are associated with higher complication rates compared to autologous pregnancies. However, evidence-based information for pre-pregnancy counseling designed for health care workers is scarce. Therefore, a systematic literature search was performed to find articles that address pre-pregnancy counseling before OD.A systematic search was conducted in September 2020 in various databases, including PubMed and Embase. Nine (systematic) reviews and meta-analyses were included that reported on pre-pregnancy advice in OD pregnancies.Studies are consistent in documenting a higher risk for hypertensive disorders, cesarean section, preterm birth, postpartum hemorrhage, and low birth weight. Based on these complications, pre-pregnancy advice is mentioned in all included systematic reviews to prevent complications in the next pregnancy. All studies recommend counseling women on the increased risk of complications during OD pregnancy. Other recommendations include the prophylactic use of aspirin in pregnancy and restriction to single embryo transfer. Individualized appropriate surveillance and management strategies should be considered for every patient achieving pregnancy by OD.In conclusion, we provide a summary of the most important outcomes in OD pregnancies, and thereby offer a guide for pre-pregnancy counseling.
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Van Reckem M, Blockeel C, Bonduelle M, Buysse A, Roelants M, Verheyen G, Tournaye H, Hes F, Belva F. Health of 2-year-old children born after vitrified oocyte donation in comparison with peers born after fresh oocyte donation. Hum Reprod Open 2021; 2021:hoab002. [PMID: 33634217 PMCID: PMC7892365 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does oocyte vitrification adversely affect the health of 2-year-old children compared with peers born after use of fresh oocytes in a donation programme? SUMMARY ANSWER The growth and health of 2-year-old children born after oocyte vitrification are similar to those of peers born after use of fresh oocytes. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Although oocyte vitrification is a well-established procedure in ART, the evidence on its safety for offspring is limited. Currently, no disadvantageous effects of oocyte vitrification have been shown in terms of obstetric and neonatal outcome. However, no data beyond the neonatal period are available to date. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A combined retrospective and prospective observational study was performed in a tertiary reproductive centre. The retrospective data were available in our extensive database of children born after ART. Donor cycles with an oocyte retrieval between January 2010 and March 2017 and a fresh embryo transfer resulting in the livebirth of a singleton were selected from the established oocyte donation programme. Fresh or vitrified oocytes were used in the donor cycles and all pregnancies in oocyte recipients were achieved after ICSI. Only children residing in Belgium were eligible for follow-up. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Biometric and health parameters of 72 children born after oocyte vitrification were compared with those of 41 children born after use of a fresh oocyte. Data were collected by means of questionnaires and physical examinations at the age of 21–30 months. The primary outcome measures were anthropometry and health at 2 years of age. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Length, weight, BMI, head circumference, left arm circumference and waist circumference at the age of 2 years were comparable between the vitrification and fresh group, also after adjustment for treatment, and maternal and neonatal characteristics (all P > 0.05). Health of the children in terms of hospital admission and surgical intervention rates were comparable between the vitrification and fresh group (both P > 0.05). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Although the current study is the largest series describing health parameters beyond the neonatal period, the small numbers still preclude definite conclusions. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study provides the first evidence indicating that oocyte vitrification does not adversely affect the growth and health of offspring beyond the neonatal period. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by Methusalem grants and by grants from Wetenschappelijk Fonds Willy Gepts, all issued by the Vrije Universiteit Brussel. All co-authors declared no conflict of interest in relation to this work. Both the Centre for Reproductive Medicine and the Centre for Medical Genetics from the UZ Brussel have received several educational grants from IBSA, Ferring, MSD and Merck for either research on oocyte vitrification or for establishing the database for follow-up research and organizing the data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Van Reckem
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Blockeel
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Maryse Bonduelle
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andrea Buysse
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Roelants
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Environment and Health/Youth Health Care, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greta Verheyen
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Herman Tournaye
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproduction, Institute of Professional Education, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Frederik Hes
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florence Belva
- Centre for Medical Genetics, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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The freeze-all strategy after IVF: which indications? Reprod Biomed Online 2020; 42:529-545. [PMID: 33384269 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The freeze-all strategy is gaining popularity worldwide as an alternative to the conventional fresh embryo transfer. It consists of cryopreservation of the entire embryo cohort and the embryo transfer in a subsequent cycle that takes place separately from ovarian stimulation. The freeze-all strategy was initially a 'rescue' strategy for women at high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; however, this approach has been extended to other indications as a scheduled strategy to improve implantation rates. This assumes that ovarian stimulation can alter endometrial receptivity in fresh cycles owing to the effect of supraphysiological levels of steroids on endometrial maturation. The procedure, however, has not been associated with increased live birth rates in all infertile couples, and concerns have been raised about the occurrence of several adverse perinatal outcomes. It is, therefore, crucial to identify in which subgroups of patients a freeze-all strategy could be beneficial. The aim of this review is to summarize current scientific research in this field to highlight potential indications for this strategy and to guide clinicians in their daily practice.
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Yang M, Lin L, Sha C, Li T, Gao W, Chen L, Wu Y, Ma Y, Zhu X. Which is better for mothers and babies: fresh or frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer? BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:559. [PMID: 32967652 PMCID: PMC7513314 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, there have been many reports on the pregnancy outcomes of fresh blastocyst transfer (BT) and frozen-thawed BT, but the conclusions are controversial and incomplete. To compare the pregnancy outcomes, maternal complications and neonatal outcomes of fresh and frozen-thawed BT in the context of in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles, we conducted a meta-analysis. METHODS A meta-analysis was conducted by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases through May 2020. Data were extracted independently by two authors. RESULTS Fifty-four studies, including 12 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), met the inclusion criteria. Fresh BT was associated with a lower implantation rate, pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, and clinical pregnancy rate and higher ectopic pregnancy rate than frozen-thawed BT according to the results of the RCTs. The risks of moderate or severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, placental abruption, placenta previa and preterm delivery were higher for fresh BT than for frozen-thawed BT. The risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension and pre-eclampsia was lower for fresh BT; however, no significant differences in risks for gestational diabetes mellitus and preterm rupture of membrane were found between the two groups. Compared with frozen-thawed BT, fresh BT appears to be associated with small for gestational age and low birth weight. No differences in the incidences of neonatal mortality or neonatal malformation were observed between fresh and frozen-thawed BT. CONCLUSIONS At present there is an overall slight preponderance of risks in fresh cycles against frozen, however individualization is required and current knowledge does not permit to address a defintive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Zhenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital), 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong City No 1 People's Hospital and Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Li Lin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Zhenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital), 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunli Sha
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Zhenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital), 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Taoqiong Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Zhenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital), 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wujiang Gao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Zhenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital), 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Zhenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital), 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Zhenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital), 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanping Ma
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Zhenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital), 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolan Zhu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Zhenjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital), 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, People's Republic of China.
- Reproductive Sciences Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China.
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Abstract
The implementation of cryopreservation-techniques in the IVF laboratory and the improved survival rates of oocytes, cleavage and blastocyst stage embryos have led to a significant increase in the number of frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles (FET). FETs can be planned either in a 'pure' natural cycle, a modified natural cycle, a stimulated cycle or a hormonal replacement therapy cycle and the optimal means to prepare the endometrium for frozen embryo transfer is a topic of ongoing controversy. Recent findings report an increased risk of hypertensive disorders if pregnancy is achieved in a frozen embryo transfer cycle without an existing corpus luteum. Therefore, the question of how to prepare the endometrium has gained even more importance and taken on a new dimension as it should not simply be reduced to the basic question of 'which approach will result in superior pregnancy rates?' but instead 'which approach will result in the best pregnancy rates and the safest outcome for mother and baby?'. The aim of this review is to summarize and critically appraise the existing data on the different approaches of endometrial preparation for frozen embryo transfer with a special focus on the 'pure' natural cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lawrenz
- IVF Department, IVIRMA Middle-East Fertility Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Obstetrical Department, Women´s university hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Carol Coughlan
- IVF Department, IVIRMA Middle-East Fertility Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Laura Melado
- IVF Department, IVIRMA Middle-East Fertility Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Human M Fatemi
- IVF Department, IVIRMA Middle-East Fertility Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Luke B, Brown MB, Eisenberg ML, Callan C, Botting BJ, Pacey A, Sutcliffe AG, Baker VL. In vitro fertilization and risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: associations with treatment parameters. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 222:350.e1-350.e13. [PMID: 31629726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although in vitro fertilization has been associated with an increased risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, the association of risk with in vitro fertilization treatment parameters is unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy by maternal fertility status and in vitro fertilization treatment parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Women in 8 states who underwent in vitro fertilization resulting in a live birth during 2004-2013 were linked to their infant's birth certificates. A 10:1 sample of births from non-in vitro fertilization deliveries were selected for comparison. Those with an indication of infertility treatment on the birth certificate were categorized as subfertile and omitted from the study population; all others were categorized as fertile. The in vitro fertilization pregnancies were additionally categorized by oocyte source (autologous versus donor) and embryo state (fresh versus thawed). Both the fertile and in vitro fertilization births were limited to singletons only, and the in vitro fertilization pregnancies were limited to those using partner sperm. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (including gestational hypertension and preeclampsia) were identified from the birth certificate, modeled using logistic regression, and reported as adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. For analyses of in vitro fertilization pregnancies from autologous oocytes-fresh embryos, the reference group was fertile women (subgroup analysis 1). For analyses within the in vitro fertilization group, the reference group was autologous oocytes-fresh embryos (subgroup analysis 2). RESULTS The study population included 1,465,893 pregnancies (1,382,311 births to fertile women and 83,582 births to in vitro fertilization-treated women). Compared to fertile women, in vitro fertilization-treated women with autologous-fresh cycles were not at increased risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 0.99, 1.08). Among in vitro fertilization births (subgroup analysis 2), the risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was increased for the autologous-thawed (adjusted odds ratio, 1.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.20, 1.40); donor-fresh (adjusted oddds ratio, 1.92; 95% confidence interval, 1.71, 2.15); and donor-thawed (adjusted odds ratio, 1.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.47, 1.96) groups. Excluding women with pregestational diabetes or chronic hypertension as well as adjusting for body mass index and infertility diagnoses did not substantially change the results. When stratified by <34 weeks (early-onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy) versus ≥34 weeks (late-onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy), only the donor-fresh group had an increased risk of early-onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, but the risks for all other oocyte source-embryo state groups compared to autologous-fresh were increased for late-onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. CONCLUSION The risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is increased for in vitro fertilization-treated women in pregnancies conceived via frozen embryo transfer (with both autologous or donor oocyte) and fresh donor oocyte embryo transfer. No increase in risk was seen with autologous oocyte-fresh embryo transfers in vitro fertilization cycles. Excluding women with pregestational diabetes or chronic hypertension as well as adjusting for body mass index and infertility diagnoses did not substantially change the results.
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Masturzo B, Di Martino D, Prefumo F, Cavoretto P, Germano C, Gennarelli G, Roletti E, Bottazzoli E, Fusè F, Ferrazzi E, Morano D, Farina A. Higher rate of early-onset preeclampsia in pregnancies following oocyte donation according to increasing maternal age. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 300:861-867. [PMID: 31520261 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-019-05291-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of maternal age on the incidence of early-onset preeclampsia requiring delivery before 34 weeks of gestation in pregnancies obtained after oocyte donation. METHODS We carried out a prospective cohort analysis of 431 single and twin pregnancies, admitted to 3 Tertiary Referral Hospital in Northern Italy between 2008 and 2017. The rate of early-onset PE was calculated and stratified according to maternal age (from 30 to 49 years). A reference population of 11,197 single pregnancies collected prospectively at the first trimester of pregnancy in the same geographic area of Italy and in same hospitals was used to calculate the expected incidence of early-onset PE. RESULTS In women who delivered after 24 weeks of gestation, the rate of early-onset PE was much higher in oocyte-donation pregnancies, reaching 6.7% (29/431), than the expected rate of 0.5% of the cohort of reference. The mean early PE rate was 4.1% (10/242) in singletons and 10.1% (19/189) in twin pregnancies. According to maternal age, the rate of early PE was 1.16% and 3.12% at 30 years, and 4.98% and 13.14% at 49 years in single and twin pregnancies obtained after oocyte donation, respectively. CONCLUSION Pregnancies obtained after oocyte donation delivering after 24 weeks had a higher risk of early-onset PE requiring delivery before 34 weeks of gestation, than the general population. The risk is directly correlated with the increase of maternal age and is also higher in twin pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Masturzo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, OIRM S. Anna Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, EU, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Martino
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, EU, Italy
| | - Federico Prefumo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Brescia, EU, Italy
| | - Paolo Cavoretto
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, EU, Italy
| | - Chiara Germano
- Department of Surgical Sciences, OIRM S. Anna Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, EU, Italy
| | - Gianluca Gennarelli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, OIRM S. Anna Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, EU, Italy
| | - Enrica Roletti
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Maggiore University Hospital, Parma, EU, Italy
| | - Elisa Bottazzoli
- Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Eu, Italy
| | - Federica Fusè
- Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Eu, Italy
| | - Enrico Ferrazzi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, EU, Italy
| | - Danila Morano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sant'Anna University Hospital, Cona, Ferrara, EU, Italy
| | - Antonio Farina
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC) Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, EU, Italy.
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