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Alcon C, Bergman E, Humphrey J, Patel RM, Wang-Price S. The Relationship between Pain Catastrophizing and Cognitive Function in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Scoping Review. Pain Res Manag 2023; 2023:5851450. [PMID: 37719894 PMCID: PMC10505081 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5851450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) poses a considerable threat to physical, mental, and financial health worldwide. Beyond physical difficulties, CMP has a pronounced impact on pain behaviors and cognitive function. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the relationship between pain catastrophizing (PC) and cognitive function in CMP, identify gaps in the literature, and provide future directions for research on the topic. Methods Search strings were entered in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Nursing and Allied Health, Ovid Emcare, PsycInfo, and Scopus. Data from the included articles were extracted thematically based on diagnostic classification and included author(s), year of publication, country, aim, sample, methods, intervention (if applicable), and key findings. Results 30 articles were included after screening. The studied populations included patients with fibromyalgia, chronic low back pain, and CMP. Two studies were designed to assess the relationship between PC and cognition as the primary aim. The included studies demonstrated variable evidence regarding the relationship between PC and cognition. Only four studies included clinically relevant PC populations (i.e., Pain Catastrophizing Scale score >30), and all found significant correlations. Conclusion Although evidence exists for the relationship between cognitive function and PC, there is a lack of rigorous research to indicate the strength of this relationship and the specific cognitive functions affected. The literature lacks appropriate populations needed to investigate clinically relevant PC and is limited by heterogeneous neuropsychological test batteries. Future research should include populations demonstrating the behaviors being studied, intentional analysis of outcomes, and appropriate cognitive tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Alcon
- High Point University, Department of Physical Therapy, High Point, NC, USA
- Texas Woman's University, School of Physical Therapy, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bergman
- Texas Woman's University, School of Physical Therapy, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John Humphrey
- Texas Woman's University, School of Physical Therapy, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rupal M. Patel
- Texas Woman's University, School of Physical Therapy, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sharon Wang-Price
- Texas Woman's University, School of Physical Therapy, Dallas, TX, USA
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Kreddig N, Hasenbring MI, Keogh E. Comparing the Effects of Thought Suppression and Focused Distraction on Pain-Related Attentional Biases in Men and Women. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2022; 23:1958-1972. [PMID: 35914643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Increasing attentional focus away from pain can affect pain experience, suggesting that cognitive strategies that move attentional allocation may be a moderator of pain. In a pre-post-design, the present study examined the effects of 2 cognitive strategies used in pain contexts, thought suppression and focused distraction, on subsequent pain-related attention. Thought suppression was hypothesized to increase pain-related attention, whereas focused distraction was expected to reduce it. Influences of both anxiety and sex were also considered, as secondary questions. 139 (86 women, 53 men) healthy, pain-free participants were randomly assigned to use either thought suppression or focused distraction during a mild cold pressor test (CPT). Pain-related attention was examined using a dot-probe and an attentional blink task, pre-and post-CPT. Questionnaires about relevant cognitive and emotional aspects, demographics, and pain were completed. Results showed no difference in the effect of the 2 pain inhibition strategies on pain-related attention. The hypothesized rebound effect in thought suppression on pain-related attention did not emerge. However, thought suppression showed a short-term benefit in comparison to focused distraction regarding reported pain and perceived threat during the cold pressor test. Few sex differences were found. Thus, the cognitive strategies affected pain outcomes, but did not influence pain-related attention. PERSPECTIVE: Cognitive strategies could help with pain through changing attention allocation. In this study, the effects of the 2 cognitive strategies thought suppression and focused distraction on pain-related attention in men and women were examined. Elucidating mechanisms that lie behind pain strategies that focus on changing attention may help improve treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kreddig
- Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; University of Bath, Bath, UK.
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Wexler RS, Fox DJ, Edmond H, Lemau J, ZuZero D, Bollen M, Montenegro D, Parikshak A, Thompson AR, Carlson NL, Carlson HL, Wentz AE, Bradley R, Hanes DA, Zwickey H, Pickworth CK. Protocol for mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement (MORE) in the management of lumbosacral radiculopathy/radiculitis symptoms: A randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2022; 28:100962. [PMID: 35812821 PMCID: PMC9260614 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2022.100962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lumbosacral radiculopathy/radiculitis (LR) or "sciatica" is a commonly intractable sequelae of chronic low back pain (LBP), and challenges in the treatment of LR indicate that persistent pain may have both mechanical and neuropathic origins. Mindfulness-based interventions have been demonstrated to be effective tools in mitigating self-reported pain in LBP patients. This paper describes the protocol for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating the effects of the specific mindfulness-based intervention Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) on LR symptoms and sequelae, including mental health and physical function. Methods Participants recruited from the Portland, OR area are screened before completing a baseline visit that includes a series of self-report questionnaires and surface electromyography (sEMG) of the lower extremity. Upon enrollment, participants are randomly assigned to the MORE (experimental) group or treatment as usual (control) group for 8 weeks. Self-reported assessments and sEMG studies are repeated after the intervention is complete for pre/post-intervention comparisons. The outcome measures evaluate self-reported pain, physical function, quality of life, depression symptoms, trait mindfulness, and reinterpretation of pain, with surface electromyography (sEMG) findings evaluating objective physical function in patients with LR. To our knowledge, this is the first trial to date using an objective measure, sEMG, to evaluate the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention on LR symptoms. Hypotheses We hypothesize that MORE will be effective in improving self-reported pain, physical function, quality of life, depression symptoms, mindfulness, and reinterpretation of pain scores after 8 weeks of mindfulness training as compared to treatment as usual. Additionally, we hypothesize that individuals in the MORE group with abnormal sEMG findings at baseline will have improved sEMG findings at their 8-week follow-up visit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S. Wexler
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Devon J. Fox
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Hannah Edmond
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Johnny Lemau
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Danielle ZuZero
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Melissa Bollen
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Diane Montenegro
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anand Parikshak
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Austin R. Thompson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nels L. Carlson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Hans L. Carlson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anna E. Wentz
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ryan Bradley
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Douglas A. Hanes
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Heather Zwickey
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Courtney K. Pickworth
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
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Broadbent P, Schoth DE, Liossi C. Association between attentional bias to experimentally induced pain and to pain-related words in healthy individuals: the moderating role of interpretation bias. Pain 2022; 163:319-333. [PMID: 34086628 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Attentional bias to pain-related information may contribute to chronic pain maintenance. It is theoretically predicted that attentional bias to pain-related language derives from attentional bias to painful sensations; however, the complex interconnection between these types of attentional bias has not yet been tested. This study aimed to investigate the association between attentional bias to pain words and attentional bias to the location of pain, as well as the moderating role of pain-related interpretation bias in this association. Fifty-four healthy individuals performed a visual probe task with pain-related and neutral words, during which eye movements were tracked. In a subset of trials, participants were presented with a cold pain stimulus on one hand. Pain-related interpretation and memory biases were also assessed. Attentional bias to pain words and attentional bias to the pain location were not significantly correlated, although the association was significantly moderated by interpretation bias. A combination of pain-related interpretation bias and attentional bias to painful sensations was associated with avoidance of pain words. In addition, first fixation durations on pain words were longer when the pain word and cold pain stimulus were presented on the same side of the body, as compared to on opposite sides. This indicates that congruency between the locations of pain and pain-related information may strengthen attentional bias. Overall, these findings indicate that cognitive biases to pain-related information interact with cognitive biases to somatosensory information. The implications of these findings for attentional bias modification interventions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christina Liossi
- University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Cardoso S, Fernandes C, Barbosa F. Emotional and Attentional Bias in Fibromyalgia: A Pilot ERP Study of the Dot-Probe Task. Neurol Ther 2021; 10:1079-1093. [PMID: 34622430 PMCID: PMC8571466 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-021-00287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present research investigates the neural correlates of attentional bias in fibromyalgia (FM) with a dot-probe task performed during an electroencephalogram (EEG) recording. Methods For this purpose, 30 female participants were recruited, divided into two groups: a group of patients with FM (FM, n = 15, Mage = 51.87) and a healthy control group (HC) (HC, n = 15, Mage = 46.13). Results The results did not show behavioral differences between groups, but the EEG results showed that healthy controls had larger P300 amplitudes than patients with FM. Regarding late positive potentials (LPP), we found that patients with FM had larger amplitudes than healthy controls in a later time window. Conclusion In summary, while the P300 results suggest that patients allocate less attentional resources to the task, the increased amplitudes of their LPP suggest augmented emotional processing of the target stimuli. Altogether, our results seem to support the thesis of generalized attentional deficits in FM. Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic musculoskeletal pain condition. There has been discussion in the scientific literature as to whether patients with FM suffer from a generalized attentional deficit or an attentional bias—preferentially selecting pain-related information. Attentional bias in FM patients has been studied as hypervigilance, which refers to early detection of pain-related information or innocuous information. Thus, the aim of this study was to test whether there is a generalized attentional deficit or attentional bias in relation to pain in patients with FM, by studying the neural activity underlying cognitive processes, specifically with evoked potentials (P300 and late positive potential—LPP). The P300 has been related to the use of attentional resources and the LPP to affective modulation. For this purpose, we studied two groups: a group of patients with FM and a healthy control group. Our hypotheses considered that FM patients, compared to healthy controls, would show an attentional bias for pain-related words (1) reflected in higher hits and shorter reaction time when detecting the target of a cognitive task (dot-probe), and (2) manifested by increased amplitudes of P300 and LPP evoked potentials while performing the task. The electrophysiological results suggest that FM patients may have a generalized attentional deficit and, despite this being the case, FM patients are more emotionally involved in the task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Cardoso
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carina Fernandes
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
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Examining attentional biases, interpretation biases, and attentional control in people with and without chronic pain. Pain 2021; 162:2110-2119. [PMID: 33769370 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Psychological models of chronic pain (CP) highlight cognitive-processing biases (ie, attentional biases, interpretation biases, and attentional control) as pivotal processes that uniquely and synergistically impact the development and maintenance of CP. Very few studies explore multiple cognitive biases, and no studies have examined these 3 processes together in a CP sample. Furthermore, there is a lack of research investigating the relationship between these cognitive processes and pain-relevant variables (eg, pain intensity and pain catastrophising). The current study aimed to (1) compare attentional biases, interpretation biases, and attentional control in people with and without CP, (2) explore their interrelationships, and (3) explore their association with pain-related variables. Seventy-four participants with CP and 66 without pain volunteered. Participants completed a visual scanning task with eye tracking, a recognition task, and a flanker task. Traditional and Bayesian analysis indicated no effect of pain status on cognitive-processing biases. All participants, regardless of pain status, demonstrated attentional biases towards pain on some indices of early and late attention, but not interpretation bias or attentional control. There was weak evidence of associations between attentional biases, interpretation biases, and attentional control. Pain intensity was significantly correlated with interpretation biases, and follow-up analyses revealed people with high pain intensity demonstrated an interpretation bias towards pain significantly more than those with low pain intensity. Findings suggest that attentional biases towards pain are ubiquitous, but for people with moderate-to-severe pain, interpretation biases may have a role worthy of further research.
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Tabira T, Maruta M, Matsudaira K, Matsuo T, Hasegawa T, Sagari A, Han G, Takahashi H, Tayama J. Relationship Between Attention Bias and Psychological Index in Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Preliminary Event-Related Potential Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:561726. [PMID: 33192394 PMCID: PMC7649764 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.561726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Attention bias towards pain-related information exists in patients with chronic pain, and recently, attention bias modification (ABM) training has been administered to patients with chronic pain. In this study, we conducted an attention bias modification task in conjunction with event-related potential measurements for individuals with chronic low back pain (LBP) and investigated the relationship between attention bias and psychological assessment. Methods: Eleven women and two men with chronic LBP participated in the study. Results: The Japanese version of the STarT Back Screening Tool (J-SBST) total score was significantly correlated with the N1 amplitude of Cz. The J-SBST psychological score was significantly correlated with the N1 amplitude of Cz and with reaction time (RT). The Japanese version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Japanese version of the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) scores were significantly correlated with the P2 amplitude at Fz (only PCS), Cz, and Pz. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that J-SBST, which provides a comprehensive evaluation of psychological factors, PCN with measuring of catastrophizing in the context of actual or anticipated pain, and BDI-II, can likely help identify chronic LBP patients with attention bias. For chronic LBP patients who are classified according to J-SBST or PCN pain-related outcome improvement with ABM training can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Tabira
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Health Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Michio Maruta
- Doctoral Program of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Health Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ko Matsudaira
- Department of Medical Research and Management for Musculoskeletal Pain, 22nd Century Medical and Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo-Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuo
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Hasegawa
- Unit of Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akira Sagari
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Gwanghee Han
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Rehabilitation Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jun Tayama
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
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Efficacy of Interpretation Bias Modification in Patients With Chronic Pain. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2020; 21:648-662. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Camps T, Amat M, Manteca X. A Review of Medical Conditions and Behavioral Problems in Dogs and Cats. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E1133. [PMID: 31842492 PMCID: PMC6941081 DOI: 10.3390/ani9121133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Not all animals behave identically when faced with the same situation. These individual differences in the expression of their behavior could be due to many factors, including medical conditions. These medical problems can change behavior directly or indirectly. The aims of this review are to describe the state of the art of the relationship among some medical and behavioral problems, and to propose new lines of investigation. The revision is focused on the relation between behavioral problems and pain, endocrine diseases, neurological problems, vomeronasal organ alterations, and cardiac disorders. These problems represent a diagnostic challenge from a practical point of view. The most common sign of pain in animals is a change in behavior. Although the relation of pain to behavioral problems has been widely studied, it is not absolutely clear. As an example, the relation between sleep disorders and pain is poorly known in veterinary medicine. New studies in humans and laboratory animals show that a reciprocal relationship does, in fact, exist. More specifically, the literature suggests that the temporal effect of sleep deprivation on pain may be stronger than that of pain on sleep. Some behavioral problems could modify the sleep-awake cycle (e.g., cognitive dysfunction). The impact of these behavioral problems on pain perception is completely unknown in dogs and cats. Thyroid hormones play an important role, regarding behavioral control. Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism have been related to behavioral changes. Concerning hypothyroidism, this relationship remains controversial. Nonetheless, new neuro-imaging studies provide objective evidence that brain structure and function are altered in hypothyroid patients, both in laboratory animals and in humans. There are many neurological problems that could potentially change behavior. This paper reviews those neurological problems that could lead to behavioral changes without modifying neurological examination. The most common problems are tumors that affect central nervous system silent zones, mild traumatic brain injury, ischemic attacks, and epilepsy. Most of these diseases and their relationship to behavior are poorly studied in dogs and cats. To better understand the pathophysiology of all of these problems, and their relation to behavioral problems, may change the diagnostic protocol of behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomàs Camps
- Etovets: Behavioral Medicine and Animal Welfare, 07010 Palma, Spain
| | - Marta Amat
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.A.); (X.M.)
| | - Xavier Manteca
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.A.); (X.M.)
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Attentional bias and its temporal dynamics among war veterans suffering from chronic pain: Investigating the contribution of post-traumatic stress symptoms. J Anxiety Disord 2019; 66:102115. [PMID: 31394483 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2019.102115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive models propose that attentional dysregulation, including an attentional bias towards threat, is one of the factors through which chronic pain and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) maintain and exacerbate one another. The current investigation assessed the attentional bias for painful facial expressions and its relationship with PTSS, using both traditional and variability-based attentional bias measures, among veterans with chronic pain and PTSS and controls. METHOD Fifty-four veterans with chronic pain and 30 age/education-matched controls participated in this investigation. Participants completed a self-report measure of PTSS and a modified version of the dot-probe task with painful, happy, and neutral facial expressions. Attention was assessed using both traditional and variability-based reaction time measures of attentional bias. RESULTS Veterans directed attention away from painful facial expressions (i.e., avoidance) relative to both the control group (between-subject effect) and relative to neutral faces (within-subject effect). Veterans also showed significantly elevated attentional bias variability for both happy and painful facial expressions compared to controls. Attentional bias variability for happy and painful facial expressions was correlated with PTSS among all participants. CONCLUSION Veterans with chronic pain and PTSS avoided pain-related stimuli and displayed an overall attentional dysregulation for emotional facial expressions. Avoidance of pain cues may be a coping strategy that these individuals develop under stressful conditions. Implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.
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Todd J, van Ryckeghem DM, Sharpe L, Crombez G. Attentional bias to pain-related information: a meta-analysis of dot-probe studies. Health Psychol Rev 2018; 12:419-436. [DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2018.1521729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jemma Todd
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dimitri M.L. van Ryckeghem
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Unit INSIDE, Institute for Health and Behaviour; Faculty of Language and Literature, Humanities, Arts and Education, Luxembourg University, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Louise Sharpe
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Geert Crombez
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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12
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Carleton RN, Duranceau S, McMillan KA, Asmundson GJG. Trauma, Pain, and Psychological Distress. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) are highly prevalent ( Breslau, 2002 ) and comorbid disorders ( Otis, Keane, & Kerns, 2003 ). The shared vulnerability model explains this overlap in part through a common attentional bias toward threat ( Asmundson, Coons, Taylor, & Katz, 2002 ). The current study made use of the acoustic startle to assess cognitive bias to threat in participants (n = 106; 64% women) who reported experiencing a motor vehicle accident (MVA). Participants were divided into five groups based on their diagnoses: PTSD, CMP, both PTSD and CMP, any general (i.e., non-PTSD) anxiety disorder with no CMP, and a no-disorder Control group. Self-report measures were used to assess psychological symptoms, trauma response, and pain-related factors. Word stimuli (i.e., trauma, sensory pain, health, pleasant, neutral) were presented visually prior to onset of the acoustic startle probe to assess for diagnosis-congruent attentional biases (e.g., persons with PTSD respond differently to trauma words). Relative to the general anxiety and control group, persons with PTSD or chronic pain demonstrated delayed startle peak and greater startle intensity across all word stimuli types; the results suggest there may be psychophysiologically measurable differences associated with PTSD and pain. The startle probe paradigm remains relatively nascent for such research, but has potential utility for assessment and treatment monitoring. Comprehensive results, discussion, and implications are analyzed.
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Smith E, Treffiletti A, Bailey PE, Moustafa AA. The effect of attentional bias modification training on food intake in overweight and obese women. J Health Psychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105318758856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study modified food attentional biases via computerized attentional bias modification training and examined the effects on food intake. Overweight women were randomly allocated to (1) direct attention away from food (“attentional-training”), (2) direct attention at random to food or neutral (“placebo”), or (3) no training (“control”). Individuals then completed a taste test. Those in the attentional-training consumed on average 600 kJ less of total food compared to the placebo. Those in the attentional-training had a reduction in food attentional bias compared to the placebo group, when controlling for executive function. Attentional-training seems to reduce high-calorie intake in overweight women.
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Pain and cancer survival: a cognitive-affective model of symptom appraisal and the uncertain threat of disease recurrence. Pain 2017; 158:1187-1191. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Sharpe L, Brookes M, Jones E, Gittins C, Wufong E, Nicholas M. Threat and fear of pain induces attentional bias to pain words: An eye‐tracking study. Eur J Pain 2016; 21:385-396. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Sharpe
- School of Psychology The University of Sydney NSW Australia
| | - M. Brookes
- School of Psychology The University of Sydney NSW Australia
| | - E. Jones
- School of Psychology The University of Sydney NSW Australia
| | - C. Gittins
- School of Psychology The University of Sydney NSW Australia
| | - E. Wufong
- University of Western Sydney NSW Australia
| | - M.K. Nicholas
- Pain Management Research Unit University of Sydney NSW Australia
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Attentional bias modification and pain: The role of sensory and affective stimuli. Behav Res Ther 2016; 83:53-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Heathcote L, Lau J, Mueller S, Eccleston C, Fox E, Bosmans M, Vervoort T. Child attention to pain and pain tolerance are dependent upon anxiety and attention control: An eye-tracking study. Eur J Pain 2016; 21:250-263. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L.C. Heathcote
- Department of Experimental Psychology; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - J.Y.F. Lau
- Department of Psychology; Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience; King's College London; UK
| | - S.C. Mueller
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology; Ghent University; Belgium
| | - C. Eccleston
- Centre for Pain Research; University of Bath; UK
| | - E. Fox
- Department of Experimental Psychology; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - M. Bosmans
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology; Ghent University; Belgium
| | - T. Vervoort
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology; Ghent University; Belgium
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Franklin ZC, Holmes PS, Smith NC, Fowler NE. Personality Type Influences Attentional Bias in Individuals with Chronic Back Pain. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147035. [PMID: 26789517 PMCID: PMC4720440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Attentional biases reflect an individual's selective attention to salient stimuli within their environment, for example an experience of back pain. Eysenck suggests that different personality types show different attentional biases to threatening information. This study is the first to test Eysenck's theory within a chronic back pain population by investigating the attentional biases of four different personality types using a back pain specific dot-probe paradigm. Participants were 70 volunteers (45 female) recruited from a back rehabilitation program at an NHS Trust. The four groups were selected on their trait anxiety and defensiveness scores: defensive high-anxious; high-anxious; repressor and non-extreme. Participants completed a dot probe task comprising 20 practice trials and 250 experimental trials. The experimental trials contained 100 threat-neutral pairs, 100 positive-neutral pairs and 50 neutral-neutral image pairings. The threat images were taken from the Photograph Series of Daily Activities (PHODA) and the neutral and positive images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) image bank. The results provided partial support for Eysenck's theory; defensive high-anxious individuals showed an attentional bias for threatening information compared to high-anxious individuals who demonstrated no bias. Repressors showed an avoidant bias to threatening images and an attentional bias to positive stimuli relative to neutral images. The clear difference in responses demonstrated by high-anxious individuals who vary in defensiveness highlight the need for separate investigation of these heterogeneous groups and help to explain the cognitive processes of defensive high-anxious individuals within a pain population. The demonstration of an attentional bias in this group to threatening information could explain why defensive high-anxious individuals are more likely to re-present for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë C. Franklin
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Centre for Health, Exercise and Active Living, Crewe Campus, Crewe Green Road, Crewe, Cheshire, CW1 5DU, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Paul S. Holmes
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Centre for Health, Exercise and Active Living, Crewe Campus, Crewe Green Road, Crewe, Cheshire, CW1 5DU, United Kingdom
| | - Nickolas C. Smith
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Centre for Health, Exercise and Active Living, Crewe Campus, Crewe Green Road, Crewe, Cheshire, CW1 5DU, United Kingdom
| | - Neil E. Fowler
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Centre for Health, Exercise and Active Living, Crewe Campus, Crewe Green Road, Crewe, Cheshire, CW1 5DU, United Kingdom
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The relationship between adolescents' pain catastrophizing and attention bias to pain faces is moderated by attention control. Pain 2015; 156:1334-1341. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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20
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Nicholas MK, McGuire BE, Asghari A. A 2-Item Short Form of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire: Development and Psychometric Evaluation of PSEQ-2. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2015; 16:153-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Spanish Version of the Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties in a Sample of Women with Fibromyalgia. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 17:E105. [DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2014.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractExcessive attention to pain is a common psychological characteristic among people who suffer from chronic pain. The Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire (PVAQ) is an internationally accepted tool to assess this feature, although there is no validated version of this measure for Spanish people with fibromyalgia. Since this pain syndrome mainly affects women, the aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the PVAQ in Spanish women with fibromyalgia. A group of 242 women diagnosed with fibromyalgia aged between 20 and 66 years participated in the study. The goodness of fit of several structures of the PVAQ reported in previous studies was compared via confirmatory factor analysis. A two-factor solution (active vigilance and passive awareness) of the 9-item shortened version (PVAQ-9) was identified as the most appropriate (RMSEA = .08, NNFI = .96, CFI = .97, GFI = .87). It showed good reliability (internal consistency α = .82), convergent validity and divergent validity (p < .01). The optimal cutoff point for identifying fibromyalgia women with worse daily functioning was a score of 24.5, with a sensitivity of .71 and a specificity of .75. The relevance of vigilance to pain for clinical research in fibromyalgia is discussed.
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22
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Sharpe L, Johnson A, Dear B. Attention bias modification and its impact on experimental pain outcomes: Comparison of training with words versus faces in pain. Eur J Pain 2014; 19:1248-57. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Sharpe
- School of Psychology A18; The University of Sydney; Australia
| | - A. Johnson
- School of Psychology A18; The University of Sydney; Australia
| | - B.F. Dear
- Department of Psychology; Centre for Emotional Health; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
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23
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Niederstrasser NG, Slepian PM, Mankovsky-Arnold T, Larivière C, Vlaeyen JW, Sullivan MJ. An Experimental Approach to Examining Psychological Contributions to Multisite Musculoskeletal Pain. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2014; 15:1156-1165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Adachi T, Nakae A, Maruo T, Shi K, Shibata M, Maeda L, Saitoh Y, Sasaki J. Validation of the Japanese Version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in Japanese Patients with Chronic Pain. PAIN MEDICINE 2014; 15:1405-17. [DOI: 10.1111/pme.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Garland EL, Howard MO. Mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement reduces pain attentional bias in chronic pain patients. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 2014; 82:311-8. [PMID: 23942276 DOI: 10.1159/000348868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain involves hypervigilance for pain-related stimuli. Selective attention to pain-related stimuli, known as pain attentional bias (AB), can exacerbate chronic pain, prolong suffering, and undermine quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine if a multimodal mindfulness-oriented intervention could significantly reduce pain AB among chronic pain patients receiving opioid analgesics. METHODS A total of 67 chronic pain patients were randomized to an 8-week Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) intervention or a social support group intervention and began treatment. A dot probe task was used to measure pain AB. Primary outcomes were pain AB scores for cues presented for 2,000 and 200 ms. RESULTS Prior to intervention, participants exhibited a significant bias towards pain-related cues presented for 2,000 ms, but no bias for cues presented for 200 ms. A statistically significant time × intervention condition interaction was observed for 2,000 ms pain AB, such that participants in MORE evidenced significantly reduced posttreatment pain AB relative to pretreatment levels, whereas no significant pre-post treatment changes in pain AB were observed for support group participants. Decreases in pain AB were associated with increased perceived control over pain and attenuated reactivity to distressing thoughts and emotions. CONCLUSION Study findings provide the first indication that a mindfulness-oriented intervention may reduce pain AB among adults suffering from chronic pain. Given the magnitude of chronic pain in postindustrial societies, coupled with the dramatic escalation in prescription opioid misuse, future studies should evaluate MORE as a nonpharmacological means of addressing factors linked with chronic pain.
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26
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Sharpe L, Haggman S, Nicholas M, Dear BF, Refshauge K. Avoidance of affective pain stimuli predicts chronicity in patients with acute low back pain. Pain 2014; 155:45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Zale EL, Lange KL, Fields SA, Ditre JW. The relation between pain-related fear and disability: a meta-analysis. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2013; 14:1019-30. [PMID: 23850095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Within a biopsychosocial framework, psychological factors are thought to play an important role in the onset and progression of chronic pain. The cognitive-behavioral fear-avoidance model of chronic pain suggests that pain-related fear contributes to the development and maintenance of pain-related disability. However, investigations of the relation between pain-related fear and disability have demonstrated considerable between-study variation. The main goal of the current meta-analysis was to synthesize findings of studies investigating cross-sectional associations between pain-related fear and disability in order to estimate the magnitude of this relation. We also tested potential moderators, including type of measure used, demographic characteristics, and relevant pain characteristics. Searches in PubMed and PsycINFO yielded a total of 46 independent samples (N = 9,579) that reported correlations between pain-related fear and disability among persons experiencing acute or chronic pain. Effect size estimates were generated using a random-effects model and artifact distribution method. The positive relation between pain-related fear and disability was observed to be moderate to large in magnitude, and stable across demographic and pain characteristics. Although some variability was observed across pain-related fear measures, results were largely consistent with the fear-avoidance model of chronic pain. PERSPECTIVE Results of this meta-analysis indicate a robust, positive association between pain-related fear and disability, which can be classified as moderate to large in magnitude. Consistent with the fear-avoidance model of chronic pain, these findings suggest that pain-related fear may be an important target for treatments intended to reduce pain-related disability.
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28
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Crombez G, Van Ryckeghem DM, Eccleston C, Van Damme S. Attentional bias to pain-related information: A meta-analysis. Pain 2013; 154:497-510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2012.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 09/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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29
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Sharpe L, Ianiello M, Dear BF, Perry KN, Refshauge K, Nicholas MK. Is there a potential role for attention bias modification in pain patients? Results of 2 randomised, controlled trials. Pain 2012; 153:722-731. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2011.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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30
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Schoth DE, Nunes VD, Liossi C. Attentional bias towards pain-related information in chronic pain; a meta-analysis of visual-probe investigations. Clin Psychol Rev 2012; 32:13-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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31
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Liossi C, Schoth DE, Bradley BP, Mogg K. Time-course of attentional bias for pain-related cues in chronic daily headache sufferers. Eur J Pain 2012; 13:963-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2008.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Revised: 10/20/2008] [Accepted: 11/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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32
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Liossi C, White P, Schoth DE. Time-course of attentional bias for threat-related cues in patients with chronic daily headache-tension type: Evidence for the role of anger. Eur J Pain 2012; 15:92-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2010.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Accepted: 05/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Nicholas MK. The pain self-efficacy questionnaire: Taking pain into account. Eur J Pain 2012; 11:153-63. [PMID: 16446108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2005.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 996] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2005] [Revised: 12/12/2005] [Accepted: 12/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Self-efficacy beliefs in people with chronic pain have been assessed either by reference to confidence in ability to perform specific tasks or to confidence in performing more generalised constructs like coping with pain. Both approaches reflect aspects of the original conceptualisations of self-efficacy and both have proved useful, but it is noteworthy that confidence in performing activities in the context of pain is rarely addressed. An important element in the original formulations of self-efficacy referred to persistence in the face of obstacles and aversive experiences. In this context, self-efficacy beliefs for people experiencing chronic pain might be expected to incorporate not just the expectation that a person could perform a particular behaviour or task, but also their confidence in being able to do it despite their pain. This aspect of the self-efficacy construct has been included in a measure for people with chronic pain, the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ). The accumulated evidence from a number of published studies and a confirmatory analysis with a large cohort of heterogeneous chronic pain patients attending a pain management program provide support for the PSEQ's original psychometric properties developed with a sample of chronic low back pain patients. The importance of taking the context of pain into account in the assessment of self-efficacy beliefs in pain populations and the ways in which this measure can be used to improve the assessment of people experiencing chronic pain, before and after treatment, are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Nicholas
- Pain Management and Research Centre, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia.
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34
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The Psychometric Properties of the Dot-Probe Paradigm When Used in Pain-Related Attentional Bias Research. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2011; 12:1247-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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35
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Carleton RN, Richter AA, Asmundson GJ. Attention Modification in Persons with Fibromyalgia: A Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial. Cogn Behav Ther 2011; 40:279-90. [DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2011.616218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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36
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El Khoury-Malhame M, Lanteaume L, Beetz EM, Roques J, Reynaud E, Samuelian JC, Blin O, Garcia R, Khalfa S. Attentional bias in post-traumatic stress disorder diminishes after symptom amelioration. Behav Res Ther 2011; 49:796-801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2011.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Jordan KD, Okifuji A. Anxiety Disorders: Differential Diagnosis and Their Relationship to Chronic Pain. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother 2011; 25:231-45. [DOI: 10.3109/15360288.2011.596922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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38
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Dear BF, Sharpe L, Nicholas MK, Refshauge K. Pain-Related Attentional Biases: The Importance of the Personal Relevance and Ecological Validity of Stimuli. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2011; 12:625-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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39
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Beck JE, Lipani TA, Baber KF, Dufton L, Garber J, Smith CA, Walker LS. Attentional bias to pain and social threat in pediatric patients with functional abdominal pain and pain-free youth before and after performance evaluation. Pain 2011; 152:1061-1067. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2011.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Revised: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Haggman SP, Sharpe LA, Nicholas MK, Refshauge KM. Attentional Biases Toward Sensory Pain Words in Acute and Chronic Pain Patients. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2010; 11:1136-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2010.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2008] [Revised: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 02/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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41
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Smith E, Rieger E. An investigation of the effect of body dissatisfaction on selective attention toward negative shape and weight-related information. Int J Eat Disord 2010; 43:358-64. [PMID: 19536880 DOI: 10.1002/eat.20703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of inducing body dissatisfaction on selective attention toward negative shape and weight-related information. METHOD A total of 54 female undergraduate university students were randomly allocated to one of three induction conditions: body dissatisfaction, negative mood, and neutral. Subsequently, participants' attentional bias toward negative shape/weight words was measured using a dot probe task. RESULTS Contrary to the hypotheses, participants in the body dissatisfaction condition did not demonstrate an increase in attention toward negative shape/weight words compared with the negative mood and neutral conditions. Indeed, it was the negative mood induction that resulted in significantly increased attention toward negative shape/weight words relative to the body dissatisfaction condition. DISCUSSION The finding that the negative mood (rather than the body dissatisfaction) induction triggered an attentional bias toward shape- and weight-related information is discussed in terms of the anxiety literature given the nature of the mood induction utilized. This finding might help to account for the high comorbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders and suggests the possible relevance of attentional training interventions designed for anxiety disorders in the treatment of eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Smith
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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42
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Attentional Bias Toward Pictorial Representations of Pain in Individuals With Chronic Headache. Clin J Pain 2010; 26:244-50. [DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0b013e3181bed0f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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Sharpe L, Dear BF, Schrieber L. Attentional Biases in Chronic Pain Associated With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Hypervigilance or Difficulties Disengaging? THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2009; 10:329-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2008] [Revised: 09/05/2008] [Accepted: 10/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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44
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Hypervigilance as Predictor of Postoperative Acute Pain: Its Predictive Potency Compared With Experimental Pain Sensitivity, Cortisol Reactivity, and Affective State. Clin J Pain 2009; 25:92-100. [DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0b013e3181850dce] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Cortical correlates of an attentional bias to painful and innocuous somatic stimuli in children with recurrent abdominal pain. Pain 2008; 136:397-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2008.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2007] [Revised: 12/23/2007] [Accepted: 01/09/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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46
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Shafran R, Lee M, Cooper Z, Palmer RL, Fairburn CG. Effect of psychological treatment on attentional bias in eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord 2008; 41:348-54. [PMID: 18213684 PMCID: PMC2798071 DOI: 10.1002/eat.20500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of these studies were (a) to investigate the relationship between attentional bias and eating disorders and (b) examine the impact of psychological treatment on attentional bias. METHOD The first study compared performance on a pictorial dot probe of 82 female patients with clinical eating disorders and 44 healthy female controls. The second study compared the performance of 31 patients with eating disorder on the same task before and after receiving 20 weeks of standardized cognitive behavior therapy. Twenty-four patients with eating disorder served as wait-list controls RESULTS With the exception of neutral shape stimuli, attentional biases for eating, shape, and weight stimuli were greater in the patient sample than the healthy controls. The second study found that attentional biases significantly reduced after active treatment only. CONCLUSION Attentional biases may be an expression of the eating disorder. The question of whether such biases warrant specific intervention requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roz Shafran
- Department of Psychiatry, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Michelle Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Oxford UniversityOxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zafra Cooper
- Department of Psychiatry, Oxford UniversityOxford, United Kingdom
| | - Robert L Palmer
- University of Leicester, Branoon Mental Health Unit, Leicester General HospitalLeicester, United Kingdom
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47
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Kerr CE, Wasserman RH, Moore CI. Cortical Dynamics As A Therapeutic Mechanism for Touch Healing. J Altern Complement Med 2007; 13:59-66. [PMID: 17309379 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2006.5245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Touch Healing (TH) therapies, defined here as treatments whose primary route of administration is tactile contact and/or active guiding of somatic attention, are ubiquitous across cultures. Despite increasing integration of TH into mainstream medicine through therapies such as Reiki, Therapeutic Touch,(TM) and somatically focused meditation practices such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, relatively little is known about potential underlying mechanisms. Here, we present a neuroscientific explanation for the prevalence and effectiveness of TH therapies for relieving chronic pain. We begin with a cross-cultural review of several different types of TH treatments and identify common characteristics, including: light tactile contact and/or a somatosensory attention directed toward the body, a behaviorally relevant context, a relaxed context and repeated treatment sessions. These cardinal features are also key elements of established mechanisms of neural plasticity in somatosensory cortical maps, suggesting that sensory reorganization is a mechanism for the healing observed. Consideration of the potential health benefits of meditation practice specifically suggests that these practices provide training in the regulation of neural and perceptual dynamics that provide ongoing resistance to the development of maladaptive somatic representations. This model provides several direct predictions for investigating ways that TH may induce cortical plasticity and dynamics in pain remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Kerr
- Division for Research and Education in Complementary and Integrative Medical Therapies, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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48
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Leeuw M, Goossens MEJB, Linton SJ, Crombez G, Boersma K, Vlaeyen JWS. The Fear-Avoidance Model of Musculoskeletal Pain: Current State of Scientific Evidence. J Behav Med 2006; 30:77-94. [PMID: 17180640 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-006-9085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1355] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2006] [Accepted: 10/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Research studies focusing on the fear-avoidance model have expanded considerably since the review by Vlaeyen and Linton (Vlaeyen J. W. S. & Linton, S. J. (2000). Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: a state of the art. Pain, 85(3), 317--332). The fear-avoidance model is a cognitive-behavioral account that explains why a minority of acute low back pain sufferers develop a chronic pain problem. This paper reviews the current state of scientific evidence for the individual components of the model: pain severity, pain catastrophizing, attention to pain, escape/avoidance behavior, disability, disuse, and vulnerabilities. Furthermore, support for the contribution of pain-related fear in the inception of low back pain, the development of chronic low back pain from an acute episode, and the maintenance of enduring pain, will be highlighted. Finally, available evidence on recent clinical applications is provided, and unresolved issues that need further exploration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Leeuw
- Department of Medical, Clinical, and Experimental Psychology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Sorbi MJ, Peters ML, Kruise DA, Maas CJM, Kerssens JJ, Verhaak PFM, Bensing JM. Electronic Momentary Assessment in Chronic Pain II: Pain and Psychological Pain Responses as Predictors of Pain Disability. Clin J Pain 2006; 22:67-81. [PMID: 16340595 DOI: 10.1097/01.ajp.0000148625.84874.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND METHODS More than 7,100 electronic diaries from 80 patients with chronic pain (mean: 89.3, range 30-115) entered multilevel analyses to establish the statistical prediction of disability by pain intensity and by psychological functioning (fear avoidance, cognitive, and spousal pain responses). We also tested the differences between pre-chronic, recently chronic, and persistently chronic pain in the prediction of disability (impaired physical and mental capacity, pain interference with activities, immobility due to pain). RESULTS Pain intensity explained 8% to 19% of the disability variance. Beyond this psychological functioning explained 7% to 16%: particularly fear-avoidance and cognitive pain responses predicted chronic pain disorder disability; spousal responses predicted immobility better than other aspects of disability. Immobility due to actual pain occurred infrequently. When it did, however, it was better predicted by avoidance behavior in the patient and by spousal discouragement of movement than by actual pain intensity. The prediction of immobility due to pain by, respectively, avoidance behavior and catastrophizing was better in chronic pain (>6 months) and that of physical impairment by catastrophizing better in persistently chronic pain (>12 months) than in pain of shorter duration. DISCUSSION The psychological prediction of chronic pain disorder disability was determined beyond that accounted for by pain intensity. Nonetheless, psychological functioning explained substantial variance in chronic pain disorder disability. The psychological prediction of immobility and physical impairment was stronger with longer pain duration. Patient characteristics and momentary states of disability-and in particular of immobility-should be carefully distinguished and accounted for in chronic pain disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolijn J Sorbi
- Department of Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Jones BT, Bruce G, Livingstone S, Reed E. Alcohol-related attentional bias in problem drinkers with the flicker change blindness paradigm. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2006; 20:171-7. [PMID: 16784363 DOI: 10.1037/0893-164x.20.2.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The authors used a flicker paradigm for inducing change blindness as a more direct method of measuring attentional bias in problem drinkers in treatment than the previously used, modified Stroop, Posner, and dual-task paradigms. First, in an artificially constructed visual scene comprising digitized photographs of real alcohol-related and neutral objects, problem drinkers detected a change made to an alcohol-related object more quickly than to a neutral object. Age- and gender-matched social drinkers showed no such difference. Second, problem drinkers given the alcohol-related change to detect showed a negative correlation between the speed with which the change was detected and the problem severity as measured by the number of times previously treated. Coupled with other data from heavy and light social drinkers, the data support a graded continuity of attentional bias underpinning the length of the consumption continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry T Jones
- Department of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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