1
|
Xiao B, Feturi F, Su AJA, Van der Merwe Y, Barnett JM, Jabbari K, Khatter NJ, Li B, Katzel EB, Venkataramanan R, Solari MG, Wagner WR, Steketee MB, Simons DJ, Washington KM. Nerve Wrap for Local Delivery of FK506/Tacrolimus Accelerates Nerve Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:847. [PMID: 38255920 PMCID: PMC10815243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) occur frequently and can lead to devastating and permanent sensory and motor function disabilities. Systemic tacrolimus (FK506) administration has been shown to hasten recovery and improve functional outcomes after PNI repair. Unfortunately, high systemic levels of FK506 can result in adverse side effects. The localized administration of FK506 could provide the neuroregenerative benefits of FK506 while avoiding systemic, off-target side effects. This study investigates the utility of a novel FK506-impregnated polyester urethane urea (PEUU) nerve wrap to treat PNI in a previously validated rat infraorbital nerve (ION) transection and repair model. ION function was assessed by microelectrode recordings of trigeminal ganglion cells responding to controlled vibrissae deflections in ION-transected and -repaired animals, with and without the nerve wrap. Peristimulus time histograms (PSTHs) having 1 ms bins were constructed from spike times of individual single units. Responses to stimulus onsets (ON responses) were calculated during a 20 ms period beginning 1 ms after deflection onset; this epoch captures the initial, transient phase of the whisker-evoked response. Compared to no-wrap controls, rats with PEUU-FK506 wraps functionally recovered earlier, displaying larger response magnitudes. With nerve wrap treatment, FK506 blood levels up to six weeks were measured nearly at the limit of quantification (LOQ ≥ 2.0 ng/mL); whereas the drug concentrations within the ION and muscle were much higher, demonstrating the local delivery of FK506 to treat PNI. An immunohistological assessment of ION showed increased myelin expression for animals assigned to neurorrhaphy with PEUU-FK506 treatment compared to untreated or systemic-FK506-treated animals, suggesting that improved PNI outcomes using PEUU-FK506 is mediated by the modulation of Schwann cell activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xiao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (B.X.); (F.F.)
| | - Firuz Feturi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (B.X.); (F.F.)
| | - An-Jey A. Su
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (B.X.); (F.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Joshua M. Barnett
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (B.X.); (F.F.)
| | - Kayvon Jabbari
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Neil J. Khatter
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Evan B. Katzel
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (B.X.); (F.F.)
| | | | - Mario G. Solari
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (B.X.); (F.F.)
| | - William R. Wagner
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; (W.R.W.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Michael B. Steketee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, CA 90095, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; (W.R.W.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Daniel J. Simons
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; (W.R.W.); (D.J.S.)
| | - Kia M. Washington
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (B.X.); (F.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; (W.R.W.); (D.J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen M, Lan H, Jin K, Chen Y. Responsive nanosystems for targeted therapy of ulcerative colitis: Current practices and future perspectives. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2219427. [PMID: 37288799 PMCID: PMC10405869 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2219427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological approach to treating gastrointestinal diseases is suffering from various challenges. Among such gastrointestinal diseases, ulcerative colitis manifests inflammation at the colon site specifically. Patients suffering from ulcerative colitis notably exhibit thin mucus layers that offer increased permeability for the attacking pathogens. In the majority of ulcerative colitis patients, the conventional treatment options fail in controlling the symptoms of the disease leading to distressing effects on the quality of life. Such a scenario is due to the failure of conventional therapies to target the loaded moiety into specific diseased sites in the colon. Targeted carriers are needed to address this issue and enhance the drug effects. Conventional nanocarriers are mostly readily cleared and have nonspecific targeting. To accumulate the desired concentration of the therapeutic candidates at the inflamed area of the colon, smart nanomaterials with responsive nature have been explored recently that include pH responsive, reactive oxygen species responsive (ROS), enzyme responsive and thermo - responsive smart nanocarrier systems. The formulation of such responsive smart nanocarriers from nanotechnology scaffolds has resulted in the selective release of therapeutic drugs, avoiding systemic absorption and limiting the undesired delivery of targeting drugs into healthy tissues. Recent advancements in the field of responsive nanocarrier systems have resulted in the fabrication of multi-responsive systems i.e. dual responsive nanocarriers and derivitization that has increased the biological tissues and smart nanocarrier's interaction. In addition, it has also led to efficient targeting and significant cellular uptake of the therapeutic moieties. Herein, we have highlighted the latest status of the responsive nanocarrier drug delivery system, its applications for on-demand delivery of drug candidates for ulcerative colitis, and the prospects are underpinned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanrong Lan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ketao Jin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinchang People’s Hospital, Affiliated Xinchang Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Xinchang, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adebayo AS, Agbaje K, Adesina SK, Olajubutu O. Colorectal Cancer: Disease Process, Current Treatment Options, and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2620. [PMID: 38004598 PMCID: PMC10674471 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest malignancies in the US, ranking fourth after lung, prostate, and breast cancers, respectively, in general populations. It continues to be a menace, and the incidence has been projected to more than double by 2035, especially in underdeveloped countries. This review seeks to provide some insights into the disease progression, currently available treatment options and their challenges, and future perspectives. Searches were conducted in the PubMed search engine in the university's online library. The keywords were "Colorectal Cancer" AND "disease process" OR "disease mechanisms" OR "Current Treatment" OR "Prospects". Selection criteria were original articles published primarily during the period of 2013 through 2023. Abstracts, books and documents, and reviews/systematic reviews were filtered out. Of over 490 thousand articles returned, only about 800 met preliminary selection criteria, 200 were reviewed in detail, but 191 met final selection criteria. Fifty-one other articles were used due to cross-referencing. Although recently considered a disease of lifestyle, CRC incidence appears to be rising in countries with low, low-medium, and medium social demographic indices. CRC can affect all parts of the colon and rectum but is more fatal with poor disease outcomes when it is right-sided. The disease progression usually takes between 7-10 years and can be asymptomatic, making early detection and diagnosis difficult. The CRC tumor microenvironment is made up of different types of cells interacting with each other to promote the growth and proliferation of the tumor cells. Significant advancement has been made in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Notable approaches include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and cryotherapy. Chemotherapy, including 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and leucovorin, plays a significant role in the management of CRC that has been diagnosed at advanced stages. Two classes of monoclonal antibody therapies have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of colorectal cancer: the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, e.g., bevacizumab (Avastin®), and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, e.g., cetuximab (Erbitux®) and panitumumab (Verbitix®). However, many significant problems are still being experienced with these treatments, mainly off-target effects, toxic side effects, and the associated therapeutic failures of small molecular drugs and the rapid loss of efficacy of mAb therapies. Other novel delivery strategies continue to be investigated, including ligand-based targeting of CRC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amusa S. Adebayo
- College of Pharmacy, Howard University, 2400 6th St NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA; (K.A.); (S.K.A.); (O.O.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ibrahim B, Mady OY, Tambuwala MM, Haggag YA. pH-Sensitive nanoparticles containing 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin as an improved anti-cancer option for colon cancer. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:367-381. [PMID: 35109714 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Parenteral administration of chemotherapeutic drugs, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV), is commonly used to treat large bowel carcinomas such as colon cancer (CC) and colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Aim: Our study aims to design a novel nanoparticulate drug-delivery vehicle for oral use capable of colon-specific release. Methods: A modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation method was used in the preparation of pH-responsive Eudargit® S100 polymeric nanoparticles, loaded with 5-FU/LV combination (5-FU/LV-loaded Eudargit S100 NPs). Results: Our optimized drug-loaded NP showed a pH-responsive drug release and exhibited significantly more cytotoxic actions in cancer-cell lines than free drugs. Conclusion: These findings open the way for conducting clinical trials for colon malignancies treated with nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bakry Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31512, Egypt
| | - Omar Y Mady
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31512, Egypt
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Yusuf A Haggag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31512, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cao Z, Li C, He J, Sui X, Wu P, Pan D, Qing L, Tang J. FK506-loaded PLGA nanoparticles improve long-term survival of a vascularized composite allograft in a murine model. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1515. [PMID: 34790721 PMCID: PMC8576731 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The side effects of life-long administration of FK506 limit the clinical practice of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs). This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of FK506-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (FK506 NPs) for prolonging the long-term survival of VCAs and reducing the side effects of FK506. Methods PLGA nanoparticles loaded with FK506 were prepared by the solvent evaporation method. The characterization of FK506 NPs was evaluated by electron microscopy. To confirm the function and safety of FK506 NPs, these particles were administrated into rats by intraperitoneal injection. The survival time of the allograft, systemic concentration of FK506, anti-rejection activity, and side-effect of FK506 NPs were evaluated in a Brown Norway (BN)-to-Sprague Dawley (SD) epigastric VCA transplantation model. Results Compared with the nontreatment, PLGA control and FK506 groups, the median survival times (MST) of the FK506 NP groups were significantly prolonged. The FK506 NPs could maintain therapeutic drug concentration for 60 days. Moreover, cytokine concentrations, flow cytometry of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and histopathology of allografts revealed significantly prolonged immunosuppression by FK506 NPs. FK506 NPs also ameliorated FK506 nephrotoxicity. Conclusions FK506 NPs prolong the survival time of VCAs in a murine model with minimal nephrotoxicity, and provide a potential clinical strategy for ameliorating long-term side effects of immunosuppressive therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheming Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiqiang He
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinlei Sui
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Panfeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ding Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liming Qing
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juyu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vilas S, Thilagar S. Formulation and optimisation of lamivudine-loaded Eudragit ® S 100 polymer-coated pectin microspheres for colon-specific delivery. IET Nanobiotechnol 2021; 15:90-99. [PMID: 34694732 PMCID: PMC8675772 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This investigation is to find a prolonged or delayed drug release system, exclusively for the treatment of hepatitis-B to reduce the side effects, which arise when conventional solid dose forms are administered. To pursue this goal, lamivudine-loaded Eudragit-coated pectin microspheres have been formulated employing water/oil (W/O) emulsion evaporation strategy. The formulation was optimised using a 34 factorial design. A drug to polymer ratio of 1:2, the surfactant of 1 ml, the volume of 50 ml of processing medium with a stirring speed of 2500 rpm were found to be the optimal parameters to obtain the lamivudine-loaded Eudragit-coated pectin microspheres formulation with a high drug entrapment efficiency of 89.44% ± 1.44%. The in vitro release kinetics of lamivudine was a suitable fit to the Higuchi model, indicating a diffusion-controlled release with anomalous transport. The obtained microspheres were then subjected to different characterisation studies, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results of this study clearly indicate that Eudragit-coated pectin microspheres could be the promising controlled release carriers for colon-specific delivery of lamivudine in the presence of rat cecal content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh Vilas
- Department of Environmental BiotechnologyBharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalliTamil NaduIndia
| | - Sivasudha Thilagar
- Department of Environmental BiotechnologyBharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalliTamil NaduIndia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jacob EM, Borah A, Pillai SC, Kumar DS. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Emergence of New Trends in Lifestyle and Nanomedicine as the Modern Tool for Pharmacotherapy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2460. [PMID: 33316984 PMCID: PMC7764399 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The human intestine, which harbors trillions of symbiotic microorganisms, may enter into dysbiosis when exposed to a genetic defect or environmental stress. The naissance of chronic inflammation due to the battle of the immune system with the trespassing gut bacteria leads to the rise of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Though the genes behind the scenes and their link to the disease are still unclear, the onset of IBD occurs in young adults and has expanded from the Western world into the newly industrialized countries. Conventional drug deliveries depend on a daily heavy dosage of immune suppressants or anti-inflammatory drugs targeted for the treatment of two types of IBD, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), which are often associated with systemic side effects and adverse toxicities. Advances in oral delivery through nanotechnology seek remedies to overcome the drawbacks of these conventional drug delivery systems through improved drug encapsulation and targeted delivery. In this review, we discuss the association of genetic factors, the immune system, the gut microbiome, and environmental factors like diet in the pathogenesis of IBD. We also review the various physiological concerns required for oral delivery to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and new strategies in nanotechnology-derived, colon-targeting drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - D. Sakthi Kumar
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan; (E.M.J.); (A.B.); (S.C.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jain SK, Jain AK, Rajpoot K. Expedition of Eudragit® Polymers in the Development of Novel Drug Delivery Systems. Curr Drug Deliv 2020; 17:448-469. [PMID: 32394836 DOI: 10.2174/1567201817666200512093639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Eudragit® polymer has been widely used in film-coating for enhancing the quality of products over other materials (e.g., shellac or sugar). Eudragit® polymers are obtained synthetically from the esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid. For the last few years, they have shown immense potential in the formulations of conventional, pH-triggered, and novel drug delivery systems for incorporating a vast range of therapeutics including proteins, vitamins, hormones, vaccines, and genes. Different grades of Eudragit® have been used for designing and delivery of therapeutics at a specific site via the oral route, for instance, in stomach-specific delivery, intestinal delivery, colon-specific delivery, mucosal delivery. Further, these polymers have also shown their great aptitude in topical and ophthalmic delivery. Moreover, available literature evidences the promises of distinct Eudragit® polymers for efficient targeting of incorporated drugs to the site of interest. This review summarizes some potential researches that are being conducted by eminent scientists utilizing the distinct grades of Eudragit® polymers for efficient delivery of therapeutics at various sites of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Jain
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur (C.G.) 495 009, India
| | - Akhlesh K Jain
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur (C.G.) 495 009, India
| | - Kuldeep Rajpoot
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur (C.G.) 495 009, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang S, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Chen J, Yang J, Sun B. Evaluation of PLGA microspheres with triple regimen on long-term survival of vascularized composite allograft - an experimental study. Transpl Int 2020; 33:450-461. [PMID: 31930539 DOI: 10.1111/tri.13574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Systemic immunosuppression is indispensable for vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA). Daily administration of standard triple therapy regimen of tacrolimus (FK506), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and steroid has severe side effects and reduces the compliance of VCA recipients. To overcome these hurdles, FK506/MMF/prednisolone (PDNN) was loaded into PLGA microspheres (PGLA MS). A single injection of FK506/MMF/PDNN-PLGA MS significantly prolonged the survival time of allograft in a rat hind limb transplantation model with a median survival time (MST) of more than 150 days compared to 34.5 days in the group treated orally with FK506/MMF/PDNN and 11 days in the nontreatment allograft and MS control groups. Analysis of showed that FK506/MMF/PDNN-PLGA MS could maintain relatively higher plasma and tissue drug concentrations for a long time. Moreover, histopathology and flow cytometry of circulating mononuclear cells revealed significantly prolonged immunosuppression by the FK506/MMF/PDNN-PLGA MS compared with the orally given FK506/MMF/PDNN. In conclusion, a single injection of FK506/MMF/PDNN-PLGA MS may provide a new approach for long-term prevention of immune rejection in VCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoubao Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Xiong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinmin Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingting Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binbin Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dhayani A, Kalita S, Mahato M, Srinath P, Vemula PK. Biomaterials for topical and transdermal drug delivery in reconstructive transplantation. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:2713-2733. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifelong systemic immunosuppression remains the biggest challenge in vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) due to the adverse effects it causes. Since VCA is a life-enhancing procedure as compared with solid organ transplant which is life-saving; one needs to weigh the benefits and risks carefully. Thus, there is a huge unmet clinical need to design biomaterial-based vehicles that can deliver drugs more efficiently, topically and locally to eliminate adverse effects of systemic immune suppression. This review discusses several biomaterial-based systems that have been carefully designed, conceived and attempted to make VCA a more patient compliant approach. Variety of promising preclinical studies has shown the feasibility of the approaches, and clinical trials are required to bridge the gap. Several challenges for the future and new approaches have been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Dhayani
- Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine (inStem), UAS-GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, India
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanjeeb Kalita
- Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine (inStem), UAS-GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Manohar Mahato
- Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine (inStem), UAS-GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Preethem Srinath
- Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine (inStem), UAS-GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveen K Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Science & Regenerative Medicine (inStem), UAS-GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zeeshan M, Ali H, Khan S, Khan SA, Weigmann B. Advances in orally-delivered pH-sensitive nanocarrier systems; an optimistic approach for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Int J Pharm 2019; 558:201-214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
12
|
|
13
|
Patel MM. Formulation and development of di-dependent microparticulate system for colon-specific drug delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2017; 7:312-324. [PMID: 28138901 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0358-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Site-specific delivery of drugs leads to an increase in the availability of drugs at the targeted region. The objective of the present investigation was to develop a dually functional microparticulate colon-targeted drug delivery system of meloxicam for potential application in the prophylaxis of colorectal cancer. Chitosan microspheres were prepared by using emulsification-chemical cross-linking technique. Formulation parameters studied include chitosan concentration, drug to polymer ratio, agitation speed, emulsifier concentration, quantity of cross-linking agent and time for cross-linking. In vitro evaluation of microspheres revealed premature release of drug in the upper part of gastrointestinal tract. Since coating of microspheres is difficult to accomplish (with reproducible results), they were compacted to tablets. Enteric coating of tableted microspheres was achieved using Eudragit® S100. In vitro evaluation and SEM studies depict that the microspheres remain intact during compression process. The developed system was further evaluated for in vivo pharmacokinetic and roentgenography studies. In vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation in rabbits reveal that the onset of drug absorption from the coated tableted microspheres (T lag time = 4.67 ± 0.58 h) was significantly delayed compared to uncoated tableted microspheres. In vivo roentgenographic study revealed that the system remained intact, until it reaches to the colonic region (5 h). Thus, from the results of the study, it can be revealed that the developed system could serve as a potential tool for efficient delivery of drug to the colonic region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayur M Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, SG Highway, Chharodi, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382 481, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tawfeek HM, Abdellatif AAH, Dennison TJ, Mohammed AR, Sadiq Y, Saleem IY. Colonic delivery of indometacin loaded PGA-co-PDL microparticles coated with Eudragit L100-55 from fast disintegrating tablets. Int J Pharm 2017; 531:80-89. [PMID: 28818458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the efficient targeting and delivery of indometacin (IND), as a model anti-inflammatory drug to the colon for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. We prepared fast disintegrating tablets (FDT) containing IND encapsulated within poly(glycerol-adipate-co-ɷ-pentadecalactone), PGA-co-PDL, microparticles and coated with Eudragit L100-55 at different ratios (1:1.5, 1:1, 1:0.5). Microparticles encapsulated with IND were prepared using an o/w single emulsion solvent evaporation technique and coated with Eudragit L-100-55 via spray drying. The produced coated microparticles (PGA-co-PDL-IND/Eudragit) were formulated into optimised FTD using a single station press. The loading, in vitro release, permeability and transport of IND from PGA-co-PDL-IND/Eudragit microparticles was studied in Caco-2 cell lines. IND was efficiently encapsulated (570.15±4.2μg/mg) within the PGA-co-PDL microparticles. In vitro release of PGA-co-PDL-IND/Eudragit microparticles (1:1.5) showed significantly (p<0.05, ANOVA/Tukey) lower release of IND 13.70±1.6 and 56.46±3.8% compared with 1:1 (89.61±2.5, 80.13±2.6%) and 1:0.5 (39.46±0.9 & 43.38±3.12) after 3 and 43h at pH 5.5 and 6.8, respectively. The permeability and transport studies indicated IND released from PGA-co-PDL-IND/Eudragit microparticles had a lower permeability coefficient of 13.95±0.68×10-6cm/s compared to free IND 23.06±3.56×10-6cm/s. These results indicate the possibility of targeting anti-inflammatory drugs to the colon using FDTs containing microparticles coated with Eudragit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hesham M Tawfeek
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Younis Sadiq
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Imran Y Saleem
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dar MJ, Ali H, Khan A, Khan GM. Polymer-based drug delivery: the quest for local targeting of inflamed intestinal mucosa. J Drug Target 2017; 25:582-596. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1298601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Junaid Dar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Gul Majid Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Single Implantable FK506 Disk Prevents Rejection in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation. Plast Reconstr Surg 2017; 139:403e-414e. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000002951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
17
|
Duan H, Lü S, Gao C, Bai X, Qin H, Wei Y, Wu X, Liu M. Mucoadhesive microparticulates based on polysaccharide for target dual drug delivery of 5-aminosalicylic acid and curcumin to inflamed colon. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 145:510-519. [PMID: 27239905 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, thiolated chitosan/alginate composite microparticulates (CMPs) coated by Eudragit S-100 were developed for colon-specific delivery of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and curcumin (CUR), and the use of it as a multi drug delivery system for the treatment of colitis. The physicochemical properties of the CMPs were evaluated. In vitro release was performed in gradually pH-changing medium simulating the conditions of different parts of GIT, and the results showed that the Eudragit S-100 coating has a pH-sensitive release property, which can avoid drug being released at a pH lower than 7. An everted sac method was used to evaluate the mucoadhesion of CMPs. Ex vivo mucoadhesive tests showed CMPs have excellent mucosa adhesion for the colonic mucosa of rats. In vivo treatment effect of enteric microparticulates systems was evaluated in colitis rats. The results showed superior therapeutic efficiency of this drug delivery system for the colitis rats induced by TNBS. Therefore, the enteric microparticulates systems combined the properties of pH dependent delivery, mucoadhesive, and control release, and could be an available tool for the treatment of human inflammatory bowel disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haogang Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Shaoyu Lü
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Chunmei Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Xiao Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hongyan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Yuhui Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Xin'an Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kenechukwu FC, Momoh MA. Formulation, characterization and evaluation of the effect of polymer concentration on the release behavior of insulin-loaded Eudragit(®)-entrapped mucoadhesive microspheres. Int J Pharm Investig 2016; 6:69-77. [PMID: 27051626 PMCID: PMC4797490 DOI: 10.4103/2230-973x.177806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to use Eudragit® RL 100 (pH-independent polymer) and magnesium stearate (a hydrophobic droplet stabilizer) in combination to improve the controlled release effect of insulin-loaded Eudragit® entrapped microspheres prepared by the emulsification-coacervation technique. Materials and Methods: Mucoadhesive insulin-loaded microspheres containing magnesium stearate and varying proportions of Eudragit® RL 100 were prepared by the emulsification-coacervation technique and evaluated for thermal properties, physicochemical performance, and in vitro dissolution in acidic and subsequently basic media. Results: Stable, spherical, brownish, discrete, free-flowing and mucoadhesive insulin-loaded microspheres with size range of 14.20 ± 0.30-19.80 ± 0.60 μm and loading efficiency of 74.55 ± 1.05-75.90 ± 1.94% were formed. After 3 h, microspheres prepared with insulin: Eudragit® RL 100 ratios of 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8 released 73.40 ± 1.38, 66.20 ± 1.59, and 71.30 ± 1.27 (%) of insulin, respectively. Conclusion: The physicochemical and physico-technical properties of the microspheres developed in this study demonstrated the effectiveness of the Eudragit® RL entrapped mucoadhesive microspheres (prepared by the emulsification-coacervation technique using varying polymer concentration) as a carrier system for oral insulin delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franklin C Kenechukwu
- Drug Delivery and Nanomedicines Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Mumuni A Momoh
- Drug Delivery and Nanomedicines Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Khalil MA, El-Sheekh MM, El-Adawi HI, El-Deeb NM, Hussein MZ. Efficacy of microencapsulated lactic acid bacteria in Helicobater pylori eradication therapy. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2016; 20:950-7. [PMID: 26929759 PMCID: PMC4746868 DOI: 10.4103/1735-1995.172782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotic delivery systems are widely used nutraceutical products for the supplementation of natural intestinal flora. These delivery systems vary greatly in the effectiveness to exert health benefits for a patient. This study focuses on providing probiotic living cells with a physical barrier against adverse environmental conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Microencapsulation of the selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) using chitosan and alginate was performed. Physical examination of the formulated LAB microcapsules was observed using phase contrast inverted microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Finally, the survival of microencapsulated and noncapsulated bacteria was cheeked in the simulated human gastric tract (GT). The potential antimicrobial activity of the most potent microencapsulated LAB strain was in vivo evaluated in rabbit models. RESULTS Microencapsulated L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, and L. bulgaricus DSMZ 20080 were loaded with 1.03 × 10(10) CFU viable bacteria/g, 1.9 × 10(10) CFU viable bacteria/g, and 5.5 × 10(9) CFU viable bacteria/g, respectively. The survival of microencapsulated cells was significantly higher than that of the free cells after exposure to simulated gastric juice (SGJ) at pH 2. Additionally, in simulated small intestine juice (SSJ), larger amounts of the selected LAB cells were found, whereas in simulated colon juice (SCJ), the released LAB reached the maximum counts. In vivo results pointed out that an 8-week supplementation with a triple therapy of a microencapsulated L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, and L. bulgaricus DSMZ 20080 might be able to reduce H. pylori. CONCLUSION Microencapsulated probiotics could possibly compete with and downregulate H. pylori infection in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maha A Khalil
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, KSA
| | | | - Hala I El-Adawi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotech Institute, Borg El-Arab City for Scientific Research, Universities and Research District Sector, New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nehal M El-Deeb
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotech Institute, Borg El-Arab City for Scientific Research, Universities and Research District Sector, New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z Hussein
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pathak S, Gupta B, Poudel BK, Tran TH, Regmi S, Pham TT, Thapa RK, Kim MS, Yong CS, Kim JO, Jeong JH. Preparation of High-Payload, Prolonged-Release Biodegradable Poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid)-Based Tacrolimus Microspheres Using the Single-Jet Electrospray Method. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:171-8. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c15-00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Biki Gupta
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Min-Soo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sanka K, Pragada RR, Veerareddy PR. A pH-triggered delayed-release chronotherapeutic drug delivery system of aceclofenac for effective management of early morning symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. J Microencapsul 2015; 32:794-803. [PMID: 26362349 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2015.1081417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is differentiated as an early morning exacerbation of the core arthritis condition associated with increase in pain and stiffness in joints and necessitate for medication. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present work was to develop and optimise a pH-triggered delayed-release colon-specific aceclofenac microspheres and to accomplish chronotherapy of RA. METHODS A 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimise selected variables. Developed formulation was evaluated for in vivo delayed response and anti-arthritis activity in rats. RESULTS The particle size and encapsulation efficacy of these microspheres were 117.36 ± 10.54 µm and 85.06 ± 5.85%, respectively. Optimised formulation was analysed by SEM, DSC, X-RPD and FTIR. The in vivo evaluation revealed delayed anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced rats and anti-arthritic activity in freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis rats. CONCLUSION The optimised aceclofenac microspheres formulation is potential for the chronotherapy of early morning symptoms of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Sanka
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmacy , AGI , Hyderabad , Telangana , India .,b School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, JNTUK , Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh , India
| | - Rajeswara Rao Pragada
- c College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh , India , and
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zecevic DE, Meier R, Daniels R, Wagner KG. Site specific solubility improvement using solid dispersions of HPMC-AS/HPC SSL – Mixtures. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 87:264-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
23
|
Li T, Zhang XJ, Li J, Kan QC. Effect of FK506 nanospheres on regeneration of allogeneic nerve after transplant. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2014; 7:478-82. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
24
|
Sareen R, Jain N, Rajkumari A, Dhar KL. pH triggered delivery of curcumin from Eudragit-coated chitosan microspheres for inflammatory bowel disease: characterization and pharmacodynamic evaluation. Drug Deliv 2014; 23:55-62. [PMID: 24758141 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2014.903534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This investigation deals with the development and evaluation (in vitro and in vivo) of pH triggered Eudragit-coated chitosan microspheres of curcumin (CUR) for treating ulcerative colitis. METHODS CUR-loaded chitosan microspheres were initially prepared by emulsion cross linking method followed by coating with Eudragit S-100. The pharmacodynamics of the developed formulation was analyzed in mice by acetic acid induced colitis model. RESULTS The developed microspheres were of uniform spherical shape with high entrapment efficiency. CUR-chitosan microspheres showed less intense peaks compared to free CUR confirming inclusion of drug within microspheres as revealed by X-ray diffractogram. Uncoated CUR-chitosan microspheres exhibited burst release within initial 4 h while microspheres coated with Eudragit S-100 prevented premature release of CUR and showed controlled release up to 12 h following Higuchi model. In vivo organ biodistribution study showed negligible amount of CUR in stomach and small intestine confirming integrity of microsphere in upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In vivo study revealed significant reduction in severity and extent of colonic damage with CUR-loaded microspheres as compared to pure CUR which was further confirmed by histopathological study. CONCLUSION In vitro and in vivo studies proved the developed formulations as a promising system for pH-dependent delivery of drug to colon in ulcerative colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Sareen
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Shoolini University , Solan , Himachal Pradesh , India and
| | - Nitin Jain
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Shoolini University , Solan , Himachal Pradesh , India and
| | - Ananya Rajkumari
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India
| | - K L Dhar
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Shoolini University , Solan , Himachal Pradesh , India and
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cook MT, Tzortzis G, Charalampopoulos D, Khutoryanskiy VV. Microencapsulation of a synbiotic into PLGA/alginate multiparticulate gels. Int J Pharm 2014; 466:400-8. [PMID: 24657143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Probiotic bacteria have gained popularity as a defence against disorders of the bowel. However, the acid sensitivity of these cells results in a loss of viability during gastric passage and, consequently, a loss of efficacy. Probiotic treatment can be supplemented using 'prebiotics', which are carbohydrates fermented specifically by probiotic cells in the body. This combination of probiotic and prebiotic is termed a 'synbiotic'. Within this article a multiparticulate dosage form has been developed, consisting of poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microcapsules containing prebiotic Bimuno™ incorporated into an alginate-chitosan matrix containing probiotic Bifidobacterium breve. The aim of this multiparticulate was that, in vivo, the probiotic would be protected against gastric acid and the release of the prebiotic would occur in the distal colon. After microscopic investigation, this synbiotic multiparticulate was shown to control the release of the prebiotic during in vitro gastrointestinal transit, with the release of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) initially occurred over 6h, but with a triphasic release pattern giving further release over 288 h. Encapsulation of B. breve in multiparticulates resulted in a survival of 8.0 ± 0.3 logCFU/mL cells in acid, an improvement over alginate-chitosan microencapsulation of 1.4 logCFU/mL. This was attributed to increased hydrophobicity by the incorporation of PLGA particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Cook
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - George Tzortzis
- Clasado Research Services Ltd, Science and Technology Centre, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Whiteknights Road, Reading, RG6 6BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitris Charalampopoulos
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Overcoming therapeutic obstacles in inflammatory bowel diseases: A comprehensive review on novel drug delivery strategies. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 49:712-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
27
|
Gan L, Gao YP, Zhu CL, Zhang XX, Gan Y. Novel pH-Sensitive Lipid-Polymer Composite Microspheres of 10-Hydroxycamptothecin Exhibiting Colon-Specific Biodistribution and Reduced Systemic Absorption. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:1752-1759. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
28
|
Tabletted guar gum microspheres of piroxicam for targeted adjuvant therapy for colonic adenocarcinomas. Ther Deliv 2013; 3:1281-95. [PMID: 23259249 DOI: 10.4155/tde.12.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been found to be cogent as an adjuvant therapeutic agent in mitigating colorectal cancer. Thus, this present investigation was aimed to formulate an oral, targeted tablet of piroxicam microspheres for sustained and targeted adjuvant therapy for colonic adenocarcinomas. RESULTS Crosslinked guar gum microspheres of piroxicam were directly compressed into matrix tablet and coated with Eudragit S100. The optimized tablet that displayed 0% release in simulated gastric fluid, 15% in simulated intestinal fluid and 97.1% in simulated colonic fluid underwent roentgenographic study in rabbits to check its safe transit to the colon. x-ray images revealed intactness of the tablet until it reached the colon where the tablet matrix eroded. CONCLUSION The designed, conceptual formulation emerged as potential carrier for targeted adjuvant therapy of piroxicam.
Collapse
|
29
|
Xiao B, Merlin D. Oral colon-specific therapeutic approaches toward treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2012; 9:1393-407. [PMID: 23036075 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2012.730517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing idiopathic disease. In clinical terms, most patients require lifelong medication associated with possible unpleasant adverse effects. Oral colon-specific drug delivery systems are designed to deliver therapeutic drugs to the inflamed colon to target pathophysiological manifestations of IBD. The aim is to maintain the drug with proper concentration in the inflamed colon, to enhance drug residence time and to minimize drug absorption by healthy tissues. AREAS COVERED This review addresses the main barriers for colon-specific drug delivery from organism, tissue and cell levels, respectively. It also summarizes novel colon-specific therapeutic strategies using microparticles and nanoparticles. EXPERT OPINION Oral colon-specific drug delivery represents a possible approach toward efficient treatment of IBD. As the environment of the gastrointestinal tract is harsh and intricate, this approach requires that drug carriers can respond to specific environmental factors of the inflamed colon, permitting stimulus-responsive release of loaded drugs to specific cells or even into specific organelles within cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xiao
- Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, 30302, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ha JM, Kang SY, Park CW, Bin SA, Rhee YS, Seo JW, Kim SH, Chi SC, Park ES. Effect of poloxamer on physicochemical properties of tacrolimus solid dispersion improving water solubility and dissolution rate. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-012-0025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
31
|
El-Bary AA, Aboelwafa AA, Al Sharabi IM. Influence of some formulation variables on the optimization of pH-dependent, colon-targeted, sustained-release mesalamine microspheres. AAPS PharmSciTech 2012; 13:75-84. [PMID: 22130789 PMCID: PMC3299443 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-011-9721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to understand the influence of different formulation variables on the optimization of pH-dependent, colon-targeted, sustained-release mesalamine microspheres prepared by O/O emulsion solvent evaporation method, employing pH-dependent Eudragit S and hydrophobic pH-independent ethylcellulose polymers. Formulation variables studied included concentration of Eudragit S in the internal phase and the ratios between; internal to external phase, drug to Eudragit S and Eudragit S to ethylcellulose to mesalamine. Prepared microspheres were evaluated by carrying out in vitro release studies and determination of particle size, production yield, and encapsulation efficiency. In addition, morphology of microspheres was examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Emulsion solvent evaporation method was found to be sensitive to the studied formulation variables. Particle size and encapsulation efficiency increased by increasing Eudragit S concentration in the internal phase, ratio of internal to external phase, and ratio of Eudragit S to the drug. Employing Eudragit S alone in preparation of the microspheres is only successful in forming acid-resistant microspheres with pulsatile release pattern at high pH. Eudragit S and ethylcellulose blend microspheres were able to control release under acidic condition and to extend drug release at high pH. The stability studies carried out at 40°C/75% RH for 6 months proved the stability of the optimized formulation. From the results of this investigation, microencapsulation of mesalamine in microspheres using blend of Eudragit S and ethylcellulose could constitute a promising approach for site-specific and controlled delivery of drug in colon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abd El-Bary
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-aini Street, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Aboelwafa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-aini Street, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M. Al Sharabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-aini Street, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Collnot EM, Ali H, Lehr CM. Nano- and microparticulate drug carriers for targeting of the inflamed intestinal mucosa. J Control Release 2012; 161:235-46. [PMID: 22306429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Conventional treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is based on the daily administration of high doses of immune-suppressant or anti-inflammatory drugs, often complicated by serious adverse effects. Thus, a carrier system that delivers the drug specifically to the inflamed intestinal regions and shows prolonged drug release would be desirable. The advent of TNF-α antibodies and other biopharmaceuticals as potent and specific immune modulators in recent years has broadened the treatment options in IBD, but further increases the necessity for adequate drug delivery, as integrity and bioactivity of the biological active have to be ensured. Exploiting the pathophysiological idiosyncrasies of IBD such as increased mucus production, changes in the structure of the intestinal epithelium and invasion of activated macrophages, different colloidal drug carrier systems have been designed to passively or actively target the site of inflammation. This review introduces different micro- or nanoparticulate drug delivery systems for oral application in IBD therapy for the delivery of small molecular compounds and next generation therapeutics from the group of biological (i.e. peptide and nucleotide based) drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Collnot
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Dept. of Drug Delivery Saarland University, Campus A 4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sanka K, Bandari S, Jukanti R, Veerareddy PR. Colon-Specific Microparticles of Piroxicam: Formulation and Optimization Using 32Factorial Design. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2010.513275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
34
|
Patel MM, Amin AF. Process, optimization and characterization of mebeverine hydrochloride loaded guar gum microspheres for irritable bowel syndrome. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
35
|
Gao Y, Zhu CL, Zhang XX, Gan L, Gan Y. Lipid–polymer composite microspheres for colon-specific drug delivery prepared using an ultrasonic spray freeze-drying technique. J Microencapsul 2011; 28:549-56. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2011.599442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
36
|
Dandagi PM, Mastiholimath VS, Gadad AP, Kulkarni AR, Konnur BK. pH-Sensitive Mebeverine Microspheres for Colon Delivery. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 71:464-8. [PMID: 20502560 PMCID: PMC2865826 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.57303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2008] [Revised: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mebeverine hydrochloride is known to suffer from extensive first pass effect. In an attempt to improve its oral bioavailability and possibility to restrict its absorption only to the colon, mebeverine microspheres were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation method. Four formulations were prepared with varying drug and polymer ratio. These formulations were subjected to various evaluation parameters like percent practical yield, entrapment efficiency, particle size, in vitro drug release, in vivo activity. Practical yield of the microspheres was up to 89.59% with encapsulation efficiency up to 79.4%. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed that the microsphere structures were smooth, spherical, and discrete and the particles were of the size range 200 to 300 μm. In vitro release of the drug showed biphasic release pattern with non-Fickian diffusion release in 12 h. On the basis of drug content, particle size, in vitro release and in vivo studies, formulation F-3 was found to be optimal. Antiirritable bowel syndrome activity was performed in colorectal distention in rat, which is a model for constipation-induced irritable bowel syndrome. The formulations F-2 and F-3 showed significant effect in fecal output when compared to the control as well as the marketed preparation in the constipation-induced irritable bowel syndrome in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P M Dandagi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, K. L. E. S's College of Pharmacy, J. N. M. C. Campus, Nehru Nagar, Belgaum-590 010, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rizi K, Green RJ, Khutoryanskaya O, Donaldson M, Williams AC. Mechanisms of burst release from pH-responsive polymeric microparticles. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 63:1141-55. [PMID: 21827486 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01322.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Microencapsulation of drugs into preformed polymers is commonly achieved through solvent evaporation techniques or spray drying. We compared these encapsulation methods in terms of controlled drug release properties of prepared microparticles and investigated the underlying mechanisms responsible for the 'burst release' effect. METHODS Using two different pH-responsive polymers with a dissolution threshold of pH 6 (Eudragit L100 and AQOAT AS-MG), hydrocortisone, a model hydrophobic drug, was incorporated into microparticles below and above its solubility within the polymer matrix. KEY FINDINGS Although, spray drying was an attractive approach due to rapid particle production and relatively low solvent waste, the oil-in-oil microencapsulation method was superior in terms of controlled drug release properties from the microparticles. Slow solvent evaporation during the oil-in-oil emulsification process allowed adequate time for drug and polymer redistribution in the microparticles and reduced uncontrolled drug burst release. Electron microscopy showed that this slower manufacturing procedure generated nonporous particles whereas thermal analysis and X-ray diffractometry showed that drug loading above the solubility limit of the drug in the polymer generated excess crystalline drug on the surface of the particles. Raman spectral mapping illustrated that drug was homogeneously distributed as a solid solution in the particles when loaded below saturation in the polymer with consequently minimal burst release. CONCLUSIONS Both the manufacturing method (which influenced particle porosity and density) and drug:polymer compatibility and loading (which affected drug form and distribution) were responsible for burst release seen from our particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khalida Rizi
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cassidy CM, Tunney MM, Caldwell DL, Andrews GP, Donnelly RF. Development of novel oral formulations prepared via hot melt extrusion for targeted delivery of photosensitizer to the colon. Photochem Photobiol 2011; 87:867-76. [PMID: 21375536 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.00915.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Colon-residing bacteria, such as vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Bacteroides fragilis, can cause a range of serious clinical infections. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) may be a novel treatment option for these multidrug resistant organisms. The aim of this study was to formulate a Eudragit®-based drug delivery system, via hot melt extrusion (HME), for targeting colonic release of photosensitizer. The susceptibility of E. faecalis and B. fragilis to PACT mediated by methylene blue (MB), meso-tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphine tetra-tosylate (TMP), or 5-aminolevulinic acid hexyl-ester (h-ALA) was determined, with tetrachlorodecaoxide (TCDO), an oxygen-releasing compound, added in some studies. Results show that, for MB, an average of 30% of the total drug load was released over a 6-h period. For TMP and h-ALA, these values were 50% and 16% respectively. No drug was released in the acidic media. Levels of E. faecalis and B. fragilis were reduced by up to 4.67 and 7.73 logs, respectively, on PACT exposure under anaerobic conditions, with increased kill associated with TCDO. With these formulations, photosensitizer release could potentially be targeted to the colon, and colon-residing pathogens killed by PACT. TCDO could be used in vivo to generate oxygen, which could significantly impact on the success of PACT in the clinic.
Collapse
|
39
|
Alhnan MA, Basit AW. Engineering polymer blend microparticles: An investigation into the influence of polymer blend distribution and interaction. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011; 42:30-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2010] [Revised: 09/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
40
|
Jose S, Prema MT, Chacko AJ, Thomas AC, Souto EB. Colon specific chitosan microspheres for chronotherapy of chronic stable angina. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 83:277-83. [PMID: 21194900 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Revised: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, chitosan microspheres with a mean diameter between 6.32 μm and 9.44 μm, were produced by emulsion cross-linking of chitosan, and tested for chronotherapy of chronic stable angina. Aiming at developing a suitable colon specific strategy, diltiazem hydrochloride (DTZ) was encapsulated in the microspheres, following Eudragit S-100 coating by solvent evaporation technique, exploiting the advantages of microbiological properties of chitosan and pH dependent solubility of Eudragit S-100. Different microsphere formulations were prepared varying the ratio DTZ:chitosan (1:2 to 1:10), stirring speed (1000-2000 rpm), and the concentration of emulsifier Span 80 (0.5-1.5% (w/v)). The effect of these variables on the particle size and encapsulation parameters (production yield (PY), loading capacity (LC), encapsulation efficiency (EE)) was evaluated to develop an optimized formulation. In vitro release study of non-coated chitosan microspheres in simulated gastrointestinal (GI) fluid exhibited a burst release pattern in the first hour, whereas Eudragit S-100 coating allowed producing systems of controlled release diffusion fitting to the Higuchi model, and thus suitable for colon-specific drug delivery. DSC analysis indicated that DTZ was dispersed within the microspheres matrix. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the microspheres were spherical and had a smooth surface. Chitosan biodegradability was proven by the enhanced release rate of DTZ in presence of rat caecal contents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Jose
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Cheruvandoor Campus, Ettumanoor-686 631, Kerala, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Allhenn D, Lamprecht A. Microsphere Preparation Using the Untoxic Solvent Glycofurol. Pharm Res 2010; 28:563-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0304-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
42
|
Investigation of Genipin Cross-Linked Microcapsule for Oral Delivery of Live Bacterial Cells and Other Biotherapeutics: Preparation and In Vitro Analysis in Simulated Human Gastrointestinal Model. INT J POLYM SCI 2010. [DOI: 10.1155/2010/985137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral therapy utilizing engineered microorganisms has shown promise in the treatment of many diseases. By microencapsulation, viable cells can overcome the harsh gastrointestinal (GI) environment and secrete needed therapeutics into the gut. These engineered cells should be encased without escaping into the GI tract for safety concerns, thus robust microcapsule membrane is requisite. This paper examined the GI performance of a novel microcapsule membrane using a dynamic simulated human GI model. Results showed that the genipin cross-linked alginate-chitosan (GCAC) microcapsules possessed strong resistance to structural disintegration in the simulated GI environment. Leakage of encapsulated high molecular weight dextran, a model material to be protected during the simulated GI transit, was negligible over 72 h of exposure, in contrast to considerable leakage of dextran from the non-cross-linked counterparts. These microcapsules did not alter the microflora and enzymatic activities in the simulated human colonic media. This study suggested the potential of the GCAC microcapsules for oral delivery of live microorganisms and other biotherapeutics.
Collapse
|
43
|
Fundueanu G, Constantin M, Stanciu C, Theodoridis G, Ascenzi P. pH- and temperature-sensitive polymeric microspheres for drug delivery: the dissolution of copolymers modulates drug release. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2009; 20:2465-2475. [PMID: 19562468 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3807-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Most pH-/temperature-responsive polymers for controlled release of drugs are used as cross-linked hydrogels. However, the solubility properties of the linear polymers below and above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) are not exploited. Here, the preparation and characterization of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid-co-methyl methacrylate) (poly (NIPAAm-co-MA-co-MM)) and poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) (poly (NIPAAm-co-AAm)), known as "smart" polymers (SP), is reported. Both poly (NIPAAm-co-MA-co-MM) and poly (NIPAAm-co-AAm) display pH- and temperature-responsive properties. Poly (NIPAAm-co-MA-co-MM) was designed to be insoluble in the gastric fluid (pH = 1.2), but soluble in the intestinal fluid (pH = 6.8 and 7.4), at the body temperature (37 degrees C). Poly (NIPAAm-co-AAm) was designed to have a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) corresponding to 37 degrees C at pH = 7.4, therefore it is not soluble above the LCST. The solubility characteristics of these copolymers were exploited to modulate the rate of release of drugs by changing pH and/or temperature. These copolymers were solubilized with hydrophobic cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) and vitamin B(12) (taken as a water soluble drug model system) in an acetone/methanol mixture and dispersed in mineral oil. By a progressive evaporation of the solvent, the liquid droplets were transformed into loaded CAB/SP microspheres. Differential scanning calorimetric studies and scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that the polymeric components of the microspheres precipitated separately during solvent evaporation forming small microdomains. Moreover, vitamin B(12) was found to be molecularly dispersed in both microdomains with no specific affinity for any polymeric component of microspheres. The release of vitamin B(12) was investigated as a function of temperature, pH, and the CAB/SP ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gheorghe Fundueanu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Moustafine RI, Salachova AR, Frolova ES, Kemenova VA, Van den Mooter G. Interpolyelectrolyte complexes of Eudragit® E PO with sodium alginate as potential carriers for colonic drug delivery: monitoring of structural transformation and composition changes during swellability and release evaluating. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2009; 35:1439-51. [DOI: 10.3109/03639040902988574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
45
|
Chandran S, Sanjay KS, Ali Asghar LF. Microspheres with pH modulated release: Design and characterization of formulation variables for colonic delivery. J Microencapsul 2009; 26:420-31. [DOI: 10.1080/02652040802424021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
46
|
Kietzmann D, Béduneau A, Pellequer Y, Lamprecht A. pH-sensitive microparticles prepared by an oil/water emulsification method using n-butanol. Int J Pharm 2009; 375:61-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Revised: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
47
|
Vaghani S, Vasanti S, Chaturvedi K, Satish CS, Shankar SJ. Formulation and Evaluation of 5-FU Loaded Eudragit Microspheres: Effect of Various Eudragit on Micromeretic Properties of Microspheres. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320802454540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
48
|
Raffin RP, Colomé LM, Guterres SS, Pohlmann AR. Enteric Controlled-Release Pantoprazole-Loaded Microparticles Prepared by Using Eudragit S100 and Poly(ε-caprolactone) Blend. Pharm Dev Technol 2008; 12:463-71. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450701556933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
49
|
Doyle-McCullough M, Smyth SH, Moyes SM, Carr KE. Factors influencing intestinal microparticle uptake in vivo. Int J Pharm 2007; 335:79-89. [PMID: 17197140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2006] [Revised: 10/23/2006] [Accepted: 10/28/2006] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare microparticle uptake in animals of different ages, gender and species and at different time points. The 2mum latex/in vivo in situ model uses the observation of animal responses or post-mortem changes and also particle identification by fluorescence microscopy in nine sequential intestinal segments and secondary sites. The wide size range of animals studied requires particle numbers in tissue compartments to be related to intestinal tissue section area through a circumference measurement. Area under the curve (AUC) data for particles in intestinal tissue are plotted against measurements of intestinal length, allowing comparisons to be made across different ages and species and between males and females. The percentage uptake of administered dose and particle numbers in macerated tissue are also reported. Some parameters, in particular species, do not appear to affect the extent of microparticle uptake, which ranges from 0.12 to 0.32% of the administered dose. Particle uptake does, however, vary with age, being significantly greater in young adult males (7 weeks) than in younger (3 weeks) and older (17 and 52 weeks) age groups. It is concluded that age is more important in determining the extent of uptake than gender or species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Doyle-McCullough
- Queen's University of Belfast, School of Medicine & Dentistry, 71 University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom.
| | - S H Smyth
- Queen's University of Belfast, School of Medicine & Dentistry, 71 University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - S M Moyes
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Le Gros Clark Building, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - K E Carr
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Le Gros Clark Building, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mana Z, Pellequer Y, Lamprecht A. Oil-in-oil microencapsulation technique with an external perfluorohexane phase. Int J Pharm 2007; 338:231-7. [PMID: 17368983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2007] [Revised: 02/06/2007] [Accepted: 02/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Commonly, the microencapsulation of a lipophilic drug in a polymeric matrix via an ordinary oil/oil emulsification allows entrapping limited drug amounts due to its loss into the external phase. In this present paper, a new microencapsultion method describes the use of perfluorohexane as an external oil phase in order to produce microparticles of polyvinylpyrrolidon/vinylacetate (copovidone) and Eudragit RS. Due to its highly non-solvent properties to most compounds, very limited miscibility with organic solvents, and very low toxicity, perfluorohexane (PFH) represents an excellent liquid for an external phase of the emulsion. Copovidone and Eudragit RS microparticles were prepared by an oil/PFH method trapping ibuprofen as a lipophilic model drug and compared to results from conventional methods (oil/water and oil/oil). Morphological analyses of the obtained particles underlined the general matrix structure. The particle size varied between 75microm (oil/oil) and 400microm (oil/PFH) largely influenced by the stirring speed. Although drug release kinetics were principally similar for all preparation methods, it was generally found that encapsulation rates of oil/water and oil/PFH systems (oil/water: 74+/-9%; oil/PFH: 86+/-10%) were superior to ordinary oil/oil emulsification (3+/-1%). The use of PFH was found to be a new promising tool for the preparation of microparticles. This modified emulsification method allowed the entrapment of lipophilic drugs into hydrophilic or lipophilic polymers in the absence of an aqueous phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohra Mana
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|