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Takayama KS, Monteiro MC, Saito P, Pinto IC, Nakano CT, Martinez RM, Thomaz DV, Verri WA, Baracat MM, Arakawa NS, Russo HM, Zeraik ML, Casagrande R, Couto RODO, Georgetti SR. Rosmarinus officinalis extract-loaded emulgel prevents UVB irradiation damage to the skin. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20201058. [PMID: 36477988 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220201058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
UVB-irradiation increases the risk of various skin disorders, therefore leading to inflammation and oxidative stress. In this sense, antioxidant-rich herbs such as Rosmarinus officinalis may be useful in minimizing the damage promoted by reactive oxygen species. In this work, we report the efficacy of a R. officinalis hydroethanolic extract (ROe)-loaded emulgel in preventing UVB-related skin damage. Total phenols were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu assay, and the main phytocomponents in the extract were identified by UHPLC-HRMS. Moreover, in vitro sun protection factor (SPF) value of ROe was also assessed, and we investigated the in vivo protective effect of an emulgel containing ROe against UVB-induced damage in an animal model. The ROe exhibited commercially viable SPF activity (7.56 ± 0.16) and remarkable polyphenolic content (24.15 ± 0.11 mg (Eq.GA)/g). HPLC-MS and UHPLC-HRMS results showcased that the main compounds in ROe were: rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid and carnosol. The evaluation of the in vitro antioxidant activity demonstrated a dose-dependent effect of ROe against several radicals and the capacity to reduce iron. Therefore, we demonstrated that topical application of the formulation containing ROe inhibited edema formation, myeloperoxidase activity, GSH depletion and maintained ferric reducing (FRAP) and ABTS scavenging abilities of the skin after UVB exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kátia S Takayama
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Monteiro
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Priscila Saito
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ingrid C Pinto
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Claudia T Nakano
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Renata M Martinez
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Douglas V Thomaz
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Farmácia, Rua 240, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, 74605-170 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Departamento de Patologia, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR 445, Caixa Postal 10011, 86051-980 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcela M Baracat
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Nilton S Arakawa
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Helena M Russo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Instituto de Química, Núcleos de Bioensaios, Biossíntese e Ecofisiologia de Produtos Naturais -NuBBE, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Avenida Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria L Zeraik
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Laboratório de Fitoquímica e Biomoléculas - LabFitoBio, Departamento de Química, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, 86051-990 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Renê O DO Couto
- Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Farmacotécnico - LADEF, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Sandra R Georgetti
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
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de Freitas Pires DG, de Araújo LM, Mesquita PG, Neves FDAR, Borin MDF. Antioxidant activity of mycelia methanolic extracts of endophytic fungi BvFV and BvFIX isolated from leaves of Bauhinia variegata. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2022; 3:1048734. [PMID: 37746214 PMCID: PMC10512253 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.1048734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Endophytes are considered an essential source of natural products. Skin is the body's largest organ; its primary function is the protection of other organs, and aging is one of the most relevant problems associated with this organ. UV radiation generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which lead to skin degeneration and consequent aging. The main endogenous antioxidants that neutralize ROS are enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, and non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as glutathione and α-tocopherol. Nuclear receptors are involved in molecular mechanisms that control the aging process, especially peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), which regulate the function and expression of genes that modulate the balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) activity and the expression of collagen. Some natural compounds, such as polyphenols, can activate PPAR and reduce the activation of MMP and collagen degradation. In this work, the antioxidant activity of the mycelia methanolic extracts of two endophytic fungi isolated from leaves of Bauhinia variegata, named BvFV and BvFIX, their action as PPAR agonists, and their effect on the activity of antioxidant defense system enzymes were evaluated. The mycelia methanolic extract of BvFV showed a weak agonist effect on PPARβ/δ, a high capability to inhibit lipid peroxidation, increased catalase activity, and increased superoxide dismutase activity by approximately 64%. In contrast, BvFIX increased catalase activity and increased superoxide dismutase activity in a dose-dependent manner, with an increase of 49.62% ± 7.87%, 56.64% ± 12.27%, and 240.46% ± 26.11% at concentrations of 25 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL, respectively, in human dermal fibroblasts submitted to oxidative stress. These results suggest that the metabolites of the mycelia of endophytic fungi studied are promising to act in the chemoprevention of skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maria de Fátima Borin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
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Development, characterization and preclinical evaluation of nanosized liposomes of itraconazole for topical application: 32 full factorial design to estimate the relationship between formulation components. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kumar N, Goindi S. Development and Optimization of Itraconazole-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Topical Administration Using High Shear Homogenization Process by Design of Experiments: In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:248. [PMID: 34647162 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02118-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of present study was to develop topical itraconazole (ITZ)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for treatment of superficial fungal infections. Formulations were prepared using high shear homogenization process, and optimized by employing a two-step design of experiments (DoE) approach. It comprised a Taguchi experimental design for screening of 'vital few' factors, and a central composite experimental design for optimization. Overlay of the response surface maps for percent drug entrapment (PDE), particle size, ITZ skin retention and permeation was performed to obtain the optimized ITZ-loaded SLNs (OPT-SLNs) suspension. The optimized ITZ-loaded SLNs (OPT-SLNs) showed mean particle size of (262.92 ± 8.56 nm) and zeta potential value of 22.36 mV. Excellent drug entrapment (94.21 ± 3.35%) and skin retention of ITZ (43.03 ± 1.86 μg/cm2) was achieved by OPT-SLNs. The hydrogel formulation of OPT-SLNs exhibited good gel consistency and spreadability characteristics. Pharmacodynamic and skin sensitivity studies in standardized rodent models revealed that OPT-SLNs hydrogel was more efficacious than conventional oral and topical antifungal therapies, and also safe for topical administration. Furthermore, the histoptahological evaluation depicted complete recovery of infected rats after 14-day treatment regimen of OPT-SLNs hydrogel. The developed formulation was found to have tremendous potential to enhance ITZ activity through topical administration approach.
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Melo CPB, Saito P, Vale DL, Rodrigues CCA, Pinto IC, Martinez RM, Bezerra JR, Baracat MM, Verri WA, Fonseca-Bazzo YM, Georgetti SR, Casagrande R. Protection against UVB deleterious skin effects in a mouse model: effect of a topical emulsion containing Cordia verbenacea extract. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:1033-1051. [PMID: 34297334 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00079-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cordia verbenacea DC (Boraginaceae) is a flowering shrub found along the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, Brazilian coast, and low areas of the Amazon. The crude extract of its leaves is widely used in Brazilian folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, both topically and orally. The aim of this study is to evaluate the activity of C. verbenacea ethanolic leaves extract (CVE) against UVB-triggered cutaneous inflammation and oxidative damage in hairless mice. CVE treatment recovered cutaneous antioxidant capacity demonstrated by scavenging ABTS+ free radical and iron-reducing antioxidant potential evaluated by FRAP. CVE also controlled the following UV-triggered events in the skin: reduced glutathione (GSH) depletion, catalase activity decrease, and superoxide anion (O⋅-) build-up. Furthermore, mice treated with CVE exhibited less inflammation, shown by the reduction in COX-2 expression, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, edema, and neutrophil infiltration. CVE also regulated epidermal thickening and sunburn cells, reduced dermal mast cells, and preserved collagen integrity. The best results were obtained using 5% CVE-added emulsion. The present data demonstrate that topical administration of CVE presents photochemoprotective activity in a mouse model of UVB inflammation and oxidative stress. Because of the intricate network linking inflammation, oxidative stress, and skin cancer, these results also indicate the importance of further studies elucidating a possible role of C. verbenacea in the prevention of UVB-induced skin cancer and evaluating a potential synergy between CVE and sunscreens in topical products against UVB damaging effects to the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina P B Melo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, State University of Londrina-UEL, University Hospital, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86039-440, Brazil
| | - Priscila Saito
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, State University of Londrina-UEL, University Hospital, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86039-440, Brazil
| | - David L Vale
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, State University of Londrina-UEL, University Hospital, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86039-440, Brazil
| | - Camilla C A Rodrigues
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, State University of Londrina-UEL, University Hospital, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86039-440, Brazil
| | - Ingrid C Pinto
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, State University of Londrina-UEL, University Hospital, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86039-440, Brazil
| | - Renata M Martinez
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, State University of Londrina-UEL, University Hospital, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86039-440, Brazil
| | - Julia R Bezerra
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, State University of Londrina-UEL, University Hospital, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86039-440, Brazil
| | - Marcela M Baracat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, State University of Londrina-UEL, University Hospital, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86039-440, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Pathological Sciences Department, State University of Londrina-UEL, Km 380 Celso Garcia Cid Hwy (PR-445), P.O. Box 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Yris Maria Fonseca-Bazzo
- Quality Control Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, CEP 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Sandra R Georgetti
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, State University of Londrina-UEL, University Hospital, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86039-440, Brazil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, State University of Londrina-UEL, University Hospital, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Vila Operária, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86039-440, Brazil.
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Arifin HA, Hashiguchi T, Nagahama K, Hashiguchi M, Muguerza M, Sakakibara Y, Tanaka H, Akashi R. Varietal differences in flavonoid and antioxidant activity in Japanese soybean accessions. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:916-922. [PMID: 33590836 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Soybean seeds contain many antioxidants, including flavonoids and other phytochemicals. Isoflavone is a phytoestrogen that mimics estrogenic effects on target tissues and also exerts antioxidant activity by sequestering free radicals. Despite many cultivars developed to date, varietal differences in flavonoid content and antioxidant activity in Japanese soybean accessions remain less well characterized. Here, we evaluated the seed content of isoflavones, total flavonoids, and total phenolics in 26 soybean accessions. Next, the antioxidant activity of each accession was examined using antioxidant responsive element (ARE) linked to a luciferase reporter in human HepG2 stable cells. The relative ARE luciferase activity rate of all soybean accessions varied up to 4-fold which ranged from 1.00 to 4.02; and 22 accessions exhibited significant antioxidant activities. Correlation analysis indicated that the level of total isoflavone moderately correlated with antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Akari Arifin
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | - Kiyoko Nagahama
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | - Melody Muguerza
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sakakibara
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hidenori Tanaka
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Akashi
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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Vale DL, Martinez RM, Medeiros DC, da Rocha C, Sfeir N, Lopez RFV, Vicentini FTMC, Verri WA, Georgetti SR, Baracat MM, Casagrande R. A topical formulation containing quercetin-loaded microcapsules protects against oxidative and inflammatory skin alterations triggered by UVB irradiation: enhancement of activity by microencapsulation. J Drug Target 2021; 29:983-997. [PMID: 33685319 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1898621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation causes free radical production, increase inflammation and oxidative stress, thus, supporting the use of antioxidants by topical administration as therapeutic approaches. Quercetin (QC) is a flavonoid with antioxidant activity, however, high liposolubility makes it difficult to remain in the viable skin layer. Thus, this study evaluated whether microencapsulation of QC would enhance its activity in comparison with the same dose of free QC (non-active dose) and unloaded-microcapsules added in formulation for topical administration in a mouse model of UVB irradiation targeting the skin. Topical formulation containing Quercetin-loaded microcapsules (TFcQCMC) presents physico-chemical (colour, consistence, phase separation and pH) and functional antioxidant stability at 4 °C, room temperature and 40 °C for 6 months. TFcQCMC inhibited the UVB-triggered depletion of antioxidants observed by GSH (reduced glutathione), ability to reduce iron, ability to scavenge 2,2'-azinobis radical and catalase activity. TFcQCMC also inhibited markers of oxidation (lipid hydroperoxides and superoxide anion production). Concerning inflammation, TFcQCMC reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity, skin edoema, collagen fibre damage, myeloperoxidase activity/neutrophil recruitment, mast cell and sunburn cell counts. The pharmacological activity of TFcQCMC was not shared by the same pharmaceutical form containing the same dose of free QC or unloaded control microcapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Vale
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Renata M Martinez
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Daniela C Medeiros
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Camila da Rocha
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Natália Sfeir
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Renata F V Lopez
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fabiana T M C Vicentini
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Sandra R Georgetti
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Marcela M Baracat
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Rúbia Casagrande
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
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8
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Melo CPB, Saito P, Vale DL, Rodrigues CCA, Pinto IC, Martinez RM, Bezerra JR, Baracat MM, Verri WA, Fonseca-Bazzo YM, Georgetti SR, Casagrande R. Protective effect of oral treatment with Cordia verbenacea extract against UVB irradiation deleterious effects in the skin of hairless mouse. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2021; 216:112151. [PMID: 33581679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Photochemoprotection of the skin can be achieved by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress, which we tested using Cordia verbenacea extract, a medicinal plant known for its rich content of antioxidant molecules and anti-inflammatory activity. In vitro antioxidant evaluation of Cordia verbenacea leaves ethanolic extract (CVE) presented the following results: ferric reducing antioxidant power (886.32 μM equivalent of Trolox/g extract); IC50 of 19.128 μg/ml for scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; IC50 of 12.48 μg/mL for scavenging 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid); decrease of hydroperoxides from linoleic acid (IC50 of 10.20 μg/mL); inhibition of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (IC50 8.90 μg/mL); iron-chelating ability in bathophenanthroline iron assay (IC50 47.35 μg/mL); chemiluminescence triggered by free radicals in the H2O2/horseradish peroxidase/luminol (IC50 0.286 μg/mL) and xanthine/xanthine oxidase/luminol (IC50 0.42 μg/mL) methods. CVE (10-100 mg per kg, 30 min before and immediately after UVB exposure) treatment was performed by gavage in hairless mice. CVE inhibited skin edema, neutrophil infiltration, and overproduction of MMP-9; reduced levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL- 6; numbers of skin mast cells, epidermal thickening, number of epidermal apoptotic keratinocytes, and collagen degradation. CVE increased the skin's natural antioxidant defenses as observed by Nrf-2, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, and heme oxygenase 1 mRNA expression enhancement. Furthermore, CVE inhibited lipid peroxidation and superoxide anion production and recovered antioxidant reduced glutathione, catalase activity, and ROS scavenging capacity of the skin. Concluding, CVE downregulates the skin inflammatory and oxidative damages triggered by UVB, demonstrating its potentialities as a therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina P B Melo
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039-440 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Saito
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039-440 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - David L Vale
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039-440 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Camilla C A Rodrigues
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039-440 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Ingrid C Pinto
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039-440 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Renata M Martinez
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039-440 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Julia Rojo Bezerra
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039-440 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Marcela M Baracat
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039-440 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Yris Maria Fonseca-Bazzo
- Laboratório de Controle da Qualidade, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF CEP 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Sandra R Georgetti
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039-440 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039-440 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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Protective effects of quercetin-loaded microcapsules on the enteric nervous system of diabetic rats. Auton Neurosci 2021; 230:102759. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2020.102759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Drozłowska E, Łopusiewicz Ł, Mężyńska M, Bartkowiak A. Valorization of Flaxseed Oil Cake Residual from Cold-Press Oil Production as a Material for Preparation of Spray-Dried Functional Powders for Food Applications as Emulsion Stabilizers. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E153. [PMID: 31963518 PMCID: PMC7023501 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Flaxseed oil cake extract (residual from cold-press oil production and rich in proteins and polysaccharides) was evaluated as a potential substrate for the preparation of spray-dried powders with emulsifying activity. Three variants of powders were obtained using different spray-drying process inlet temperatures: 160 °C, 180 °C, and 200 °C. The influence of temperature on physicochemical features (water holding capacity, oil binding capacity, water activity, solubility, color, chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and surface morphology) of the powders was estimated. Additionally, the emulsifying activity of the powders and the stability of oil-in-water emulsions prepared with their various content (0.5%, 1%, and 3%) were determined. Results showed that inlet temperature had significant influence on all physicochemical and functional properties of the powders. Increased inlet temperature decreased solubility and antioxidant activity but increased water-holding capacity, oil-binding capacity, and emulsifying activity. The emulsions prepared with the powder obtained at 200 °C showed the highest stability. SEM images showed the production of relatively spherical particles which were folded or wrinkled with a lot of dentures. This study could open a promising pathway for producing natural and plant-based spray-dried powders for food applications as emulsion stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Łukasz Łopusiewicz
- Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Janickiego 35, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (E.D.); (M.M.); (A.B.)
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Semaan DG, Igoli JO, Young L, Marrero E, Gray AI, Rowan EG. In vitro anti-diabetic activity of flavonoids and pheophytins from Allophylus cominia Sw . on PTP1B, DPPIV, alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 203:39-46. [PMID: 28341245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethno-botanical information from diabetic patients in Cuba led to the identification of Allophylus cominia as a possible source of new drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM). EXPERIMENTAL Chemical characterization of the extracts from A. cominia was carried out using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The extracts were tested for their activity on PTP1B, DPPIV, α-glucosidase enzymes and α-amylase. RESULTS The flavonoid rich fractions from A. cominia inhibited DPPIV enzyme (75.3±2.33%) at 30µg/ml and produced a concentration-dependent inhibition against DPPIV with a Ki value of 2.6µg/ml. At 30µg/ml, flavonoids and pheophytins extracts significantly inhibited PTP1B enzyme (100±2.6% and 68±1% respectively). The flavonoids, pheophytin A and pheophytin B fractions showed significant concentration-dependent inhibition against PTP1B with Ki values of 3µg/ml, 0.64µg/ml and 0.88µg/ml respectively. At 30µg/ml, the flavonoid fraction significantly inhibited α-glucosidase enzyme (86±0.3%) in a concentration-dependent pattern with a Ki value of 2µg/ml. None of the fractions showed significant effects on α-amylase. Fatty acids, tannins, pheophytins A and B, and a mixture of flavonoids were detected in the methanolic extract from A. cominia. The identified flavonoids were mearnsitrin, quercitrin, quercetin-3-alloside, and naringenin-7-glucoside. CONCLUSION The pharmacological effects of the extracts from A. cominia earlier observed in experimental diabetic models was confirmed in this study. Thus a new drug or formulation for the treatment of T2-DM could be developed from A. cominia.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Semaan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom.
| | - J O Igoli
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, PMB 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - L Young
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - E Marrero
- National Centre for Animal and Plant Health (Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria), San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba
| | - A I Gray
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - E G Rowan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, United Kingdom
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SBROGGIO MF, MONTILHA MS, FIGUEIREDO VRGD, GEORGETTI SR, KUROZAWA LE. Influence of the degree of hydrolysis and type of enzyme on antioxidant activity of okara protein hydrolysates. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-457x.000216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Martinez RM, Pinho-Ribeiro FA, Steffen VS, Silva TCC, Caviglione CV, Bottura C, Fonseca MJV, Vicentini FTMC, Vignoli JA, Baracat MM, Georgetti SR, Verri WA, Casagrande R. Topical Formulation Containing Naringenin: Efficacy against Ultraviolet B Irradiation-Induced Skin Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146296. [PMID: 26741806 PMCID: PMC4704734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin (NGN) exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, but it remains undetermined its topical actions against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in vivo. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical and functional antioxidant stability of NGN containing formulations, and the effects of selected NGN containing formulation on UVB irradiation-induced skin inflammation and oxidative damage in hairless mice. NGN presented ferric reducing power, ability to scavenge 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and hydroxyl radical, and inhibited iron-independent and dependent lipid peroxidation. Among the three formulations containing NGN, only the F3 kept its physicochemical and functional stability over 180 days. Topical application of F3 in mice protected from UVB-induced skin damage by inhibiting edema and cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10). Furthermore, F3 inhibited superoxide anion and lipid hydroperoxides production and maintained ferric reducing and ABTS scavenging abilities, catalase activity, and reduced glutathione levels. In addition, F3 maintained mRNA expression of cellular antioxidants glutathione peroxidase 1, glutathione reductase and transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), and induced mRNA expression of heme oxygenase-1. In conclusion, a formulation containing NGN may be a promising approach to protecting the skin from the deleterious effects of UVB irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata M. Martinez
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Felipe A. Pinho-Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Vinicius S. Steffen
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Thais C. C. Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Carla V. Caviglione
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Carolina Bottura
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Maria J. V. Fonseca
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Av. do Café s/n, 14049–903 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Fabiana T. M. C. Vicentini
- Farmacore Biotecnologia LTDA, Rua Edson Souto, 738—Anexo I, Lagoinha, 14095–250 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Josiane A. Vignoli
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biotecnologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcela M. Baracat
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Sandra R. Georgetti
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
- * E-mail: (RC); (WAV)
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, 86039–440 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
- * E-mail: (RC); (WAV)
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Martinez RM, Pinho-Ribeiro FA, Steffen VS, Caviglione CV, Pala D, Baracat MM, Georgetti SR, Verri WA, Casagrande R. Topical formulation containing hesperidin methyl chalcone inhibits skin oxidative stress and inflammation induced by ultraviolet B irradiation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 15:554-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00467e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Skin exposure to UVB irradiation has increased significantly in recent years due to ozone depletion, and it represents the main cause of many skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata M. Martinez
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina
- Avenida Robert Koch
- 60
- Hospital Universitário
| | - Felipe A. Pinho-Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina
- 86057-970 Londrina
- Brazil
| | - Vinicius S. Steffen
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina
- Avenida Robert Koch
- 60
- Hospital Universitário
| | - Carla V. Caviglione
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina
- Avenida Robert Koch
- 60
- Hospital Universitário
| | - Danilo Pala
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina
- Avenida Robert Koch
- 60
- Hospital Universitário
| | - Marcela M. Baracat
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina
- Avenida Robert Koch
- 60
- Hospital Universitário
| | - Sandra R. Georgetti
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina
- Avenida Robert Koch
- 60
- Hospital Universitário
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina
- 86057-970 Londrina
- Brazil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina
- Avenida Robert Koch
- 60
- Hospital Universitário
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Yang L, Kirikoshi J, Sekimoto S, Takasugi M, Fukunaga K, Hosomi R, Hishida A, Kawahara N, Yamagishi T, Arai H. Effect of Bean Extract of Yabumame ( Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fernald subsp. edgeworthii (Benth.) H.Ohashi) on Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation In Vitro. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.21.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Yang
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Chemistry, Kitami Institute of Technology
| | - Jyunichi Kirikoshi
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Chemistry, Kitami Institute of Technology
| | - Shogo Sekimoto
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Chemistry, Kitami Institute of Technology
| | - Mikako Takasugi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Sangyo University
| | - Kenji Fukunaga
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University
| | - Ryota Hosomi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University
| | - Atsuyuki Hishida
- Division of Hokkaido, Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Division of Hokkaido, Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation
| | | | - Hirofumi Arai
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Chemistry, Kitami Institute of Technology
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Ivan AL, Campanini MZ, Martinez RM, Ferreira VS, Steffen VS, Vicentini FT, Vilela FM, Martins FS, Zarpelon AC, Cunha TM, Fonseca MJ, Baracat MM, Georgetti SR, Verri WA, Casagrande R. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate inhibits UVB-induced skin inflammation and oxidative stress in hairless mice and exhibits antioxidant activity in vitro. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 138:124-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Assessment of antioxidant activity of spray dried extracts of Psidium guajava leaves by DPPH and chemiluminescence inhibition in human neutrophils. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:382891. [PMID: 24822200 PMCID: PMC4005054 DOI: 10.1155/2014/382891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluated the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of spray dried extracts (SDE) from Psidium guajava L. leaves. Different drying carriers, namely, maltodextrin, colloidal silicon dioxide, Arabic gum, and β-cyclodextrin at concentrations of 40 and 80% relative to solids content, were added to drying composition. SDE were characterized through determination of the total phenolic, tannins, and flavonoid content. Antioxidant potential of the SDE was assessed by two assays: cellular test that measures the luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (LumCL) produced by neutrophils stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and the DPPH radical scavenging (DPPH∗ method). In both assays the antioxidant activity of the SDE occurred in a concentration-dependent manner and showed no toxicity to the cells. Using the CLlum method, the IC50 ranged from 5.42 to 6.50 µg/mL. The IC50 of the SDE ranged from 7.96 to 8.11 µg/mL using the DPPH• method. Psidium guajava SDE presented significant antioxidant activity; thus they show high potential as an active phytopharmaceutical ingredient. Our findings in human neutrophils are pharmacologically relevant since they indicate that P. guajava SDE is a potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent in human cells.
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Campanini MZ, Custódio DL, Ivan ALM, Martins SM, Paranzini MJR, Martinez RM, Verri WA, Vicentini FTMC, Arakawa NS, de J. Faria T, Baracat MM, Casagrande R, Georgetti SR. Topical formulations containing Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus extract: In vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo efficacy against UV-B-induced oxidative stress. AAPS PharmSciTech 2014; 15:86-95. [PMID: 24249253 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-013-0049-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus is a Brazilian native plant that presents high concentrations of flavonoids and other polyphenolic compounds. Herein, we evaluated: (1) the chemical properties of P. pseudocaryophyllus ethanolic extract (PPE), (2) the in vitro antioxidant activity (AA) of PPE and of two different topical formulations (F1 and F2) containing PPE, (3) physico-chemical and functional stability, (4) in vitro release of PPE, and (5) in vivo capacity of formulations to prevent UV-B irradiation-induced skin damage. Results show that the polyphenol and flavonoid contents in PPE were 199.33 and 28.32 mg/g, respectively, and HPLC results show the presence of eugenol, tannic acid, and rutin. Evaluation of the in vitro AA of PPE demonstrated a dose-dependent effect and an IC50 of 4.75 μg/mL in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 3.0 μg/mL in 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. The ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP assay) was 0.046 μmol/L trolox equivalent/μg/mL of extract. Among the AA, only the capacity to scavenge DPPH radical of PPE was maintained in F1 and F2. In addition, both formulations satisfactorily released the extract. The evaluation of the functional stability of F1 and F2 did not demonstrate loss of activity by storage at room temperature and at 4°C/6 months. In irradiated mice, treatment with F1 and F2 added with PPE significantly increased the capacity to scavenge ABTS radical and the FRAP of skin compared to vehicle-treated mice. In conclusion, the present results suggest that formulations containing PPE may be a topical source of antioxidant compounds to decrease oxidative damages of the skin.
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Deshmukh K, Amin P. Meltlets(®) of soy isoflavones: process optimization and the effect of extrusion spheronization process parameters on antioxidant activity. Indian J Pharm Sci 2013; 75:450-6. [PMID: 24302800 PMCID: PMC3831727 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.119831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current research work an attempt was made to develop "Melt in mouth pellets" (Meltlets(®)) containing 40% herbal extract of soy isoflavones that served to provide antioxidants activity in menopausal women. The process of extrusion-spheronization was optimized for extruder speed, extruder screen size, spheronization speed, and time. While doing so the herbal extract incorporated in the pellet matrix was subjected to various processing conditions such as the effect of the presence of other excipients, mixing or kneading to prepare wet mass, heat generated during the process of extrusion, spheronization, and drying. Thus, the work further investigates the effect of these processing parameters on the antioxidant activity of the soy isoflavone herbal extract incorporated in the formula. Thereby, the antioxidant activity of the soya bean herbal extract, Meltlets(®) and of the placebo pellets was evaluated using DPPH free radical scavenging assay and total reduction capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketkee Deshmukh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai-400 019, India
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Martinez RM, Zarpelon AC, Cardoso RDR, Vicentini FTMC, Georgetti SR, Baracat MM, Andrei CC, Moreira IC, Verri WA, Casagrande R. Tephrosia sinapou ethyl acetate extract inhibits inflammatory pain in mice: opioid receptor dependent inhibition of TNFα and IL-1β production. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:1262-1271. [PMID: 23855752 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.786099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED CONTEXT. Tephrosia toxicaria is currently known as Tephrosia sinapou (Buc'hoz) A. Chev. (Fabaceae) and is a source of compounds such as flavonoids that inhibit inflammatory pain. OBJECTIVE To investigate the analgesic effect and mechanisms of the ethyl acetate extract of T. sinapou in inflammatory pain in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Behavioral responses were evaluated using mechanical (1-24 h) and thermal hyperalgesia (0.5-5 h), writhing response (20 min) and rota-rod (1-5 h) tests. Neutrophil recruitment (myeloperoxidase activity), cytokines (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]α and interleukin [IL]-1β), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) serum levels were determined by colorimetric assays. Pharmacological treatments were opioid receptor antagonist (naloxone, 0.1-1 mg/kg) and control opioid (morphine, 5 mg/kg). Inflammatory stimuli were carrageenin (100 µg/paw), complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA, 10 µl/paw), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 100 ng/paw) and acetic acid (0.8%). RESULTS The intraperitoneal pre-treatment with extract inhibited in a dose-dependent (30-300 mg/kg) dependent manner the mechanical hyperalgesia induced by carrageenin (up to 93% inhibition). The post-treatment (100 mg/kg) inhibited CFA-induced hyperalgesia (up to 63% inhibition). Naloxone (1 mg/kg) prevented the inhibitory effect of the extract over carrageenin-induced mechanical (100%) and thermal (100%) hyperalgesia, neutrophil recruitment (52%) and TNFα (63%) and IL-1β (98%) production, thermal threshold in naïve mice (99%), PGE2-induced mechanical hyperalgesia (88%) and acetic acid-induced writhing response (49%). There was no significant alteration in the rota-rod test, and AST and ALT serum levels by extract treatment. Discussion and conclusion. Tephrosia sinapou ethyl acetate extract reduces inflammatory pain by activating an opioid receptor-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata M Martinez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Hospital (Health Science Centre), Londrina State University, Parana, Brazil
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de Freitas Araújo MG, Pacífico M, Vilegas W, Dos Santos LC, Icely PA, Miró MS, Scarpa MVC, Bauab TM, Sotomayor CE. Evaluation ofSyngonanthus nitens(Bong.) Ruhl. extract as antifungal and in treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Med Mycol 2013; 51:673-82. [DOI: 10.3109/13693786.2013.795294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Georgetti SR, Casagrande R, Vicentini FTMC, Baracat MM, Verri WA, Fonseca MJV. Protective effect of fermented soybean dried extracts against TPA-induced oxidative stress in hairless mice skin. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:340626. [PMID: 24073399 PMCID: PMC3773394 DOI: 10.1155/2013/340626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the chemical properties (polyphenol and genistein contents) of soybean extracts obtained by biotransformation and dried by spray dryer at different conditions and their in vivo ability to inhibit 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate- (TPA-) induced biochemical alterations in the skin of hairless mice. By comparing the obtained data with that of the well-known active soybean extract Isoflavin beta, we evaluated the influence of the fermentation and drying process in the extracts efficacy. The results demonstrated that inlet gas temperature and adjuvant concentration for the extract drying process have significantly affected the total polyphenol contents and, to a minor degree, the genistein contents. However, the effect of topical stimulus with TPA, an oxidative stress inducer, which caused significant depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase, with increased levels of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the skin of hairless mice, was significantly prevented by the soybean extracts treatment. These results indicate that the spray drying processing resulted in a product capable of limiting the oxidative stress with possible therapeutic applicability as an antioxidant in pharmaceutical forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra R. Georgetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Sciences Center, Londrina State University (UEL), Avenue Robert Koch 60, 86038350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto (USP), Avenue Do Café s/n, 14040903 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rúbia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Sciences Center, Londrina State University (UEL), Avenue Robert Koch 60, 86038350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto (USP), Avenue Do Café s/n, 14040903 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiana T. M. C. Vicentini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto (USP), Avenue Do Café s/n, 14040903 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcela M. Baracat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Sciences Center, Londrina State University (UEL), Avenue Robert Koch 60, 86038350 Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto (USP), Avenue Do Café s/n, 14040903 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Center, Londrina State University (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid KM380 PR445, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 6001, 86051970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria J. V. Fonseca
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto (USP), Avenue Do Café s/n, 14040903 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
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Li X. Solvent effects and improvements in the deoxyribose degradation assay for hydroxyl radical-scavenging. Food Chem 2013; 141:2083-8. [PMID: 23870931 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The deoxyribose degradation assay is widely used to evaluate the hydroxyl (OH) radical-scavenging ability of food or medicines. We compared the hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity of 25 antioxidant samples prepared in ethanol solution with samples prepared after removing the ethanol (residue). The data suggested that there was an approximately 9-fold difference between assay results for the ethanol solution and residue samples. This indicated a strong alcoholic interference. To further study the mechanism, the scavenging activities of 18 organic solvents (including ethanol) were measured by the deoxyribose assay. Most pure organic solvents (especially alcohols) could effectively scavenge hydroxyl radicals. As hydroxyl radicals have extremely high reactivities, they will quickly react with surrounding solvent molecules. This shows that any organic solvent should be completely evaporated before measurement. The proposed method is regarded as a reliable hydroxyl radical-scavenging assay, suitable for all types of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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24
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Curcuminoid content and antioxidant activity in spray dried microparticles containing turmeric extract. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Guazelli CFS, Fattori V, Colombo BB, Georgetti SR, Vicentini FTMC, Casagrande R, Baracat MM, Verri WA. Quercetin-loaded microcapsules ameliorate experimental colitis in mice by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:200-208. [PMID: 23347547 DOI: 10.1021/np300670w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin (1) is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant flavonoid. However, the oral administration of 1 did not lead to beneficial effects in experimental animal colitis models, which involve cytokines and oxidative stress. A possible explanation is that the absorption profile of 1 prevents its activity. Therefore, it was reasoned that the controlled release of 1 would improve its therapeutic effect. Thus, the therapeutic effect and mechanisms of 1-loaded microcapsules in acetic acid-induced colitis in mice were evaluated. Microcapsules were prepared using pectin/casein polymer and 1. The oral administration of 1-loaded microcapsules decreased neutrophil recruitment, attenuated histological alterations, and reduced macroscopical damage, edema, and IL-1β and IL-33 production in the colon samples. Microcapsules loaded with 1 also prevented the reduction of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and the antioxidant capacity of the colon. These preclinical data indicate that pectin/casein polymer microcapsules loaded with 1 improved the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of 1 compared to the nonencapsulated drug. Therefore, quercetin seems to be a promising active molecule in inflammatory bowel disease if provided with adequate controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla F S Guazelli
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas-Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Almeida IF, Costa PC, Fernanda Bahia M. Optimization of a surfactant-free antioxidant formulation using response surface methodology. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:120-5. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2012.750666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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27
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Scalia S, Marchetti N, Bianchi A. Comparative evaluation of different co-antioxidants on the photochemical- and functional-stability of epigallocatechin-3-gallate in topical creams exposed to simulated sunlight. Molecules 2013; 18:574-87. [PMID: 23292326 PMCID: PMC6270548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18010574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The catechin (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exhibits high antioxidant activity and it has been reported to provide protection of the skin against damage induced by solar UV radiation. However, EGCG is highly unstable under sunlight. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the co-antioxidant agents vitamin E, butylated hydroxytoluene, vitamin C and α-lipoic acid for their potential to protect the catechin from photochemical degradation. Model creams (oil-in-water emulsions) containing EGCG (1%, w/w) alone or combined with equimolar concentrations of co-antioxidant were exposed to a solar simulator at an irradiance corresponding to natural sunlight. Photodegradation was evaluated by HPLC-UV and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Addition of the co-antioxidants vitamin C and α-lipoic acid to the formulation significantly reduced the light-induced decomposition of EGCG from 76.9 ± 4.6% to 20.4 ± 2.7% and 12.6 ± 1.6%, respectively. Conversely, butylated hydroxytoluene had no effect (EGCG loss, 78.1 ± 4.6%) and vitamin E enhanced the EGCG photolysis to 84.5 ± 3.4%. The functional stability of the catechin in the creams exposed to the solar simulator was also evaluated by measuring the in vitro antioxidant activity. Following irradiation, the reduction of the EGCG formulation antioxidant power was lower (21.8%) than the extent of degradation (76.9%), suggesting the formation of photoproducts with antioxidant properties. The influence of the examined co-antioxidants on the functional stability of the catechin under simulated sunlight paralleled that measured for the EGCG photodecomposition, α-lipoic acid exerting the greatest stabilising effect (antioxidant activity decrease, 1.4%). These results demonstrated that α-lipoic acid is an effective co-antioxidant agent for the stabilization of EGCG in dermatological products for skin photoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santo Scalia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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28
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Cortés-Rojas DF, Chagas-Paula DA, Da Costa FB, Souza CR, Oliveira WP. Bioactive compounds in Bidens pilosa L. populations: a key step in the standardization of phytopharmaceutical preparations. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-695x2012005000100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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Dixit AK, Bhatnagar D, Kumar V, Rani A, Manjaya J, Bhatnagar D. Influence of Gamma Irradiation onIn VitroLipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Properties of Soybeans with Different Seed Coat Colors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2010.517340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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de Freitas Araújo MG, Hilário F, Vilegas W, dos Santos LC, Brunetti IL, Sotomayor CE, Bauab TM. Correlation among antioxidant, antimicrobial, hemolytic, and antiproliferative properties of Leiothrix spiralis leaves extract. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:9260-9277. [PMID: 22942765 PMCID: PMC3430296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13079260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 07/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological activities of a plant extract depend on a complex sum of individual properties including the antioxidant activity. Several biological activities protect against the harmful action of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and here we focused our attention on the relationship between the biological activities tested and the antioxidant properties. In this study, the total flavonoid content as well as the antioxidant, antimicrobial, hemolytic and cytotoxicity activities of the methanolic extract of Leitothrix spiralis leaves were evaluated. The extract showed a total flavonoid content of 19.26% and the chemical characterization by HPLC-PAD confirmed the presence of flavonoids as the major secondary metabolite compounds. Significant antioxidant activity (IC50 = 1.743 μg/mL ± 0.063) was demonstrated and was effective against Gram-negative organisms and all Candida strains tested, and showed an ability to inhibit hyphal formation. Non-hemolytic and antiproliferative activity could be demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gonzaga de Freitas Araújo
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Araraquara, SP 14801-902, Brazil; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +55-16-3301-4670; Fax: +55-16-3301-6940
| | - Felipe Hilário
- Organic Chemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, São Paulo State University—UNESP, c.p. 355, Araraquara, SP 14800-900, Brazil; E-Mails: (F.H.); (W.V.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Organic Chemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, São Paulo State University—UNESP, c.p. 355, Araraquara, SP 14800-900, Brazil; E-Mails: (F.H.); (W.V.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Lourdes Campaner dos Santos
- Organic Chemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, São Paulo State University—UNESP, c.p. 355, Araraquara, SP 14800-900, Brazil; E-Mails: (F.H.); (W.V.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Iguatemy Lourenço Brunetti
- Clinical Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Araraquara, SP 14801-902, Brazil; E-Mail:
| | - Claudia Elena Sotomayor
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, CIBICI-CONICET, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, National University of Cordoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Córdoba 5000, Argentina; E-Mail:
| | - Tais Maria Bauab
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Araraquara, SP 14801-902, Brazil; E-Mail:
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Siqueira S, Falcão-Silva VDS, Agra MDF, Dariva C, Siqueira-Júnior JPD, Fonseca MJV. Biological activities of Solanum paludosum Moric. extracts obtained by maceration and supercritical fluid extraction. J Supercrit Fluids 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Cortés-Rojas DF, Souza CRF, Oliveira WP. Optimisation of the extraction of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity from aerial parts of Bidens pilosa L. using response surface methodology. Int J Food Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02765.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Fonseca YM, Catini CD, Vicentini FTMC, Cardoso JC, Cavalcanti De Albuquerque Junior RL, Vieira Fonseca MJ. Efficacy of marigold extract-loaded formulations against UV-induced oxidative stress. J Pharm Sci 2010; 100:2182-93. [PMID: 21491442 DOI: 10.1002/jps.22438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the potential use of topical formulations containing marigold extract (ME) (Calendula officinalis extract) against ultraviolet (UV)B irradiation-induced skin damage. The physical and functional stabilities, as well as the skin penetration capacity, of the different topical formulations developed were evaluated. In addition, the in vivo capacity to prevent/treat the UVB irradiation-induced skin damage, in hairless mice, of the formulation with better skin penetration capacity was investigated. All of the formulations were physically and functionally stable. The gel formulation [Formulation 3 (F3)] was the most effective for the topical delivery of ME, which was detected as 0.21 μg/cm(2) of narcissin and as 0.07 μg/cm(2) of the rutin in the viable epidermis. This formulation was able to maintain glutathione reduced levels close to those of nonirradiated animals, but did not affect the gelatinase-9 and myeloperoxidase activities increased by exposure to UVB irradiation. In addition, F3 reduced the histological skin changes induced by UVB irradiation that appear as modifications of collagen fibrils. Therefore, the photoprotective effect in hairless mice achieved with the topical application of ME in gel formulation is most likely associated with a possible improvement in the collagen synthesis in the subepidermal connective tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yris Maria Fonseca
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Chung H, Ji X, Canning C, Sun S, Zhou K. Comparison of different strategies for soybean antioxidant extraction. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:4508-12. [PMID: 20302378 DOI: 10.1021/jf904278r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Three extraction strategies including Soxhlet extraction, conventional solid-liquid extraction, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) were compared for their efficiency to extract phenolic antioxidants from Virginia-grown soybean seeds. Five extraction solvents were evaluated in UAE and the conventional extraction. The soybean extracts were compared for their total phenolic contents (TPC), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH(*)) scavenging activities. The results showed that UAE improved the extraction of soybean phenolic compounds by >54% compared to the conventional and Soxhlet extractions. Among the tested solvents, 50% acetone was the most efficient for extracting soybean phenolic compounds. There was no significant correlation between the TPC and antioxidant activities of the soybean extracts. The extracts prepared by 70% ethanol had the highest ORAC values. Overall, UAE with 50% acetone or 70% ethanol is recommended for extracting soybean antioxidants on the basis of the TPC and ORAC results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Chung
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
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35
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Souza CRF, Georgetti SR, Salvador MJ, Fonseca MJV, Oliveira WP. Antioxidant activity and physical-chemical properties of spray and spouted bed dried extracts of Bauhinia forficata. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2009. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502009000200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two distinct drying methods (spouted bed and spray drying) were used for production of dried extracts of Bauhinia forficata Link (Leguminosae, Caesalpinoideae). High-quality powder products in terms of physical and chemical properties were obtained. HPLC fingerprints revealed that the chromatographic profiles of flavonoid compounds present in the dried extract did not change significantly, due to drying. In general, the spouted bed drying caused a degradation of total flavonoids than was lower than that of the spray drying. Antioxidant properties of the dried extract, examined by their radical scavenging activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) and inhibition of lipid peroxidation induced by Fe+2 assays (LPO), confirmed their antioxidant potential. The slight reduction in scavenging activity of the dried extracts may be associated with the occurrence of oxidative reactions, decomposition or losses of thermolabile compounds, induced by the heat.
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36
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Georgetti SR, Vicentini FTMC, Yokoyama CY, Borin MF, Spadaro ACC, Fonseca MJV. Enhanced in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity and mobilization of free phenolic compounds of soybean flour fermented with different beta-glucosidase-producing fungi. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 106:459-66. [PMID: 19200313 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03978.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the soybean polyphenol glucosides bioconversion to aglycone forms by different beta-glucosidases-producing filamentous fungi to enhance their antioxidant activity. METHODS AND RESULTS Soybean defatted flour was submitted to solid-state fermentation with Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus niveus and Aspergillus awamori. The fungi studied produced approximately the same beta-glucosidase activity units amount when p-nitrophenyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside was used as substrate for the assay. However, electrophoretic analysis, using 4-methylumbellipheryl-beta-d-glucopyranoside as substrate, showed that beta-glucosidase produced by A. niveus was more active. Fermented methanolic extracts showed an increase in polyphenol and genistein contents and antioxidant activities. The highest genistein content was found in soybean fermented by A. niveus. Methanolic extracts of the soybean fermented by the different fungi showed a similar capacity of scavenging H(2)O(2) generated in vivo by the tumour promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate. CONCLUSIONS A. niveus synthesized a beta-glucosidase with higher specificity to hydrolyse genistin beta-glycosidic bond than those produced by A. awamori and A. niger. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The utilization of these beta-glucosidases-producing fungi in soybean fermentation processes resulted in the obtaining of methanolic extracts with different antioxidant potentials that could be used either therapeutically or as an antioxidant in nonphysiological oxidative stress conditions, as the one induced in skin by UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Georgetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo-USP, Brazil
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37
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Georgetti SR, Casagrande R, Souza CRF, Oliveira WP, Fonseca MJV. Spray drying of the soybean extract: Effects on chemical properties and antioxidant activity. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2007.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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38
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Isanga J, Zhang GN. Soybean Bioactive Components and their Implications to Health—A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/87559120801926351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Isanga
- a School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Safety, Ministry of Education , Wuxi , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China
- b Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry , Makerere University , Kampala , Uganda
| | - Guo-Nong Zhang
- a School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University, Key Laboratory of Food Science and Safety, Ministry of Education , Wuxi , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China
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Georgetti SR, Casagrande R, Verri WA, Lopez RFV, Fonseca MJV. Evaluation of in vivo efficacy of topical formulations containing soybean extract. Int J Pharm 2008; 352:189-96. [PMID: 18079076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2007] [Revised: 09/24/2007] [Accepted: 10/24/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study it was evaluated the: (i) functional stability of the soybean extract as a raw material and dispersed in two different topical formulations, (ii) skin retention using modified Franz diffusion cells, and (iii) in vivo activity of these formulations to inhibit 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increases in the skin of hairless mice. The physico-chemical stability was evaluated by pH, globule size and centrifugation test. Furthermore, functional stability was also evaluated by antilipoperoxidative activity. The two topical formulations were stored at 4 degrees C, 30 degrees C/60% RH and 40 degrees C/70% RH for 6 months. The evaluation of the antiperoxidative stability of soybean extract itself and incorporated in formulations did not demonstrate loss of activity by storage at 4 degrees C/6 months. During 6 months of the study in different storage conditions the formulations 1 and 2 added or not with soybean extract were stable to physico-chemical tests. The effect of antioxidant compounds detected by the inhibition of MDA formation was time-dependent for formulation 2 as detected in the skin retention study. Pretreatment with formulation 1 or 2 significantly diminished TPA-induced H(2)O(2) and MDA generation. In conclusion, the present results suggest for the first time that formulations containing soybean extract may be a topical source of antioxidant compounds that decrease oxidative damages of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra R Georgetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto - USP, Avenue Do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Casagrande R, Georgetti SR, Verri WA, Borin MF, Lopez RFV, Fonseca MJV. In vitro evaluation of quercetin cutaneous absorption from topical formulations and its functional stability by antioxidant activity. Int J Pharm 2007; 328:183-90. [PMID: 16959452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2006] [Revised: 08/01/2006] [Accepted: 08/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recently, it was demonstrated that two different formulations containing quercetin inhibit the UVB-induced cutaneous oxidative stress and inflammation. Therefore, in the present study it was evaluated the functional stability of those formulations by the antioxidant activity, the release of quercetin from the formulations, and its skin retention using modified Franz diffusion cells. Both formulations tested ((1) non-ionic emulsion with high lipid content and (2) anionic emulsion with low lipid content) remained functionally (hydrogen-donating ability) stable during 180 days. Furthermore, quercetin was released from both formulations as determined using nitrocellulose membrane. In vitro antioxidant activity of retained quercetin into the skin was observed for both formulations as detected by the inhibition of malondialdehyde formation. The effect of quercetin retention was time-dependent for formulation 1. Concluding, this study demonstrates that quercetin remains functionally stable in formulations, and measuring the antioxidant activity is an efficient approach to evaluate quercetin skin retention with minimal interference of the tissue products. Furthermore, the present results on skin retention explain the previous study on quercetin in vivo activities, and together, these data suggest that formulations containing quercetin may be used as topical active products to control UVB-mediated oxidative damage of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rúbia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto-USP, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
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