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Huang Z, Zhou Z, Ye Q, Li X, Wang T, Li J, Dong W, Guo R, Ding Y, Xue H, Ding H, Lau CH. Effects of Different Surface Functionalizations of Silica Nanoparticles on Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3295-3305. [PMID: 38701399 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, such as particle size, surface charge, and particle shape, have a significant impact on cell activities. However, the effects of surface functionalization of nanoparticles with small chemical groups on stem cell behavior and function remain understudied. Herein, we incorporated different chemical functional groups (amino, DETA, hydroxyl, phosphate, and sulfonate with charges of +9.5, + 21.7, -14.1, -25.6, and -37.7, respectively) to the surface of inorganic silica nanoparticles. To trace their effects on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of rat bone marrow, these functionalized silica nanoparticles were used to encapsulate Rhodamine B fluorophore dye. We found that surface functionalization with positively charged and short-chain chemical groups facilitates cell internalization and retention of nanoparticles in MSCs. The endocytic pathway differed among functionalized nanoparticles when tested with ion-channel inhibitors. Negatively charged nanoparticles mainly use lysosomal exocytosis to exit cells, while positively charged nanoparticles can undergo endosomal escape to avoid scavenging. The cytotoxic profiles of these functionalized silica nanoparticles are still within acceptable limits and tolerable. They exerted subtle effects on the actin cytoskeleton and migration ability. Last, phosphate-functionalized nanoparticles upregulate osteogenesis-related genes and induce osteoblast-like morphology, implying that it can direct MSCs lineage specification for bone tissue engineering. Our study provides insights into the rational design of biomaterials for effective drug delivery and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Huang
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, 515063 Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongqi Zhou
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107 Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaoyuan Ye
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Center for Vascular Surgery and Wound Care, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200540 Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, 515063 Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, 515063 Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjiao Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, 430064 Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis, Ministry of Agriculture, 430064 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanlin Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, 523808 Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongman Xue
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 518107 Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Haifeng Ding
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Pingshan District People's Hospital, 518118 Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Cia-Hin Lau
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, 515063 Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Pal S, G BR, Mohny FP, Choudhury SG, Karmakar A, Gupta S, Ganguli M. Albumin Nanoparticles Surface Decorated with a Tumor-Homing Peptide Help in Selective Killing of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:46721-46737. [PMID: 37756635 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we describe a method of delivery of doxorubicin using a novel tumor-homing peptide-based albumin nanoparticle system to triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC). The absence and reduced expression of the hormone (estrogen, progesterone) and HER2 (human epidermal growth factor 2) receptors, respectively, render TNBC patients nonsusceptible to different available targeted therapies. These peptide-modified nanoparticles could be taken up by TNBC cells more effectively than their bare counterparts. The drug-loaded peptide-modified nanoparticles achieved an optimal but crucial balance between cell killing in cancerous cells and cell survival in the noncancerous ones. This appears to be because of different routes of entry and subsequent fate of the bare and peptide-modified nanoparticles in cancerous and noncancerous cells. In a TNBC mouse model, the peptide-modified system fared better than the free drug in mounting an antitumor response while not being toxic systemically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simanti Pal
- CSIR- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Betsy Reshma G
- CSIR- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Franklin Pulikkottil Mohny
- CSIR- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | | | | | - Sarika Gupta
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Munia Ganguli
- CSIR- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Youden B, Jiang R, Carrier AJ, Servos MR, Zhang X. A Nanomedicine Structure-Activity Framework for Research, Development, and Regulation of Future Cancer Therapies. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17497-17551. [PMID: 36322785 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite their clinical success in drug delivery applications, the potential of theranostic nanomedicines is hampered by mechanistic uncertainty and a lack of science-informed regulatory guidance. Both the therapeutic efficacy and the toxicity of nanoformulations are tightly controlled by the complex interplay of the nanoparticle's physicochemical properties and the individual patient/tumor biology; however, it can be difficult to correlate such information with observed outcomes. Additionally, as nanomedicine research attempts to gradually move away from large-scale animal testing, the need for computer-assisted solutions for evaluation will increase. Such models will depend on a clear understanding of structure-activity relationships. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the field of cancer nanomedicine and provides a knowledge framework and foundational interaction maps that can facilitate future research, assessments, and regulation. By forming three complementary maps profiling nanobio interactions and pathways at different levels of biological complexity, a clear picture of a nanoparticle's journey through the body and the therapeutic and adverse consequences of each potential interaction are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Youden
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Runqing Jiang
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Medical Physics, Grand River Regional Cancer Centre, Kitchener, Ontario N2G 1G3, Canada
| | - Andrew J Carrier
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia B1P 6L2, Canada
| | - Mark R Servos
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia B1P 6L2, Canada
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Griffiths G, Gruenberg J, Marsh M, Wohlmann J, Jones AT, Parton RG. Nanoparticle entry into cells; the cell biology weak link. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114403. [PMID: 35777667 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NP) are attractive options for the therapeutic delivery of active pharmaceutical drugs, proteins and nucleic acids into cells, tissues and organs. Research into the development and application of NP most often starts with a diverse group of scientists, including chemists, bioengineers and material and pharmaceutical scientists, who design, fabricate and characterize NP in vitro (Stage 1). The next step (Stage 2) generally investigates cell toxicity as well as the processes by which NP bind, are internalized and deliver their cargo to appropriate model tissue culture cells. Subsequently, in Stage 3, selected NP are tested in animal systems, mostly mouse. Whereas the chemistry-based development and analysis in Stage 1 is increasingly sophisticated, the investigations in Stage 2 are not what could be regarded as 'state-of-the-art' for the cell biology field and the quality of research into NP interactions with cells is often sub-standard. In this review we describe our current understanding of the mechanisms by which particles gain entry into mammalian cells via endocytosis. We summarize the most important areas for concern, highlight some of the most common mis-conceptions, and identify areas where NP scientists could engage with trained cell biologists. Our survey of the different mechanisms of uptake into cells makes us suspect that claims for roles for caveolae, as well as macropinocytosis, in NP uptake into cells have been exaggerated, whereas phagocytosis has been under-appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Griffiths
- Department Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, PO Box 1041, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jean Gruenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai E. Ansermet, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
| | - Mark Marsh
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jens Wohlmann
- Department Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, PO Box 1041, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Arwyn T Jones
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, Cardiff, Wales CF103NB, UK
| | - Robert G Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia
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Brown AP, Cai L, Laufer BI, Miller LA, LaSalle JM, Ji H. Long-term effects of wildfire smoke exposure during early life on the nasal epigenome in rhesus macaques. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106993. [PMID: 34991254 PMCID: PMC8852822 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wildfire smoke is responsible for around 20% of all particulate emissions in the U.S. and affects millions of people worldwide. Children are especially vulnerable, as ambient air pollution exposure during early childhood is associated with reduced lung function. Most studies, however, have focused on the short-term impacts of wildfire smoke exposures. We aimed to identify long-term baseline epigenetic changes associated with early-life exposure to wildfire smoke. We collected nasal epithelium samples for whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) from two groups of adult female rhesus macaques: one group born just before the 2008 California wildfire season and exposed to wildfire smoke during early-life (n = 8), and the other group born in 2009 with no wildfire smoke exposure during early-life (n = 14). RNA-sequencing was also performed on a subset of these samples. RESULTS We identified 3370 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) (difference in methylation ≥ 5%, empirical p < 0.05) and 1 differentially expressed gene (FLOT2) (FDR < 0.05, fold of change ≥ 1.2). The DMRs were annotated to genes significantly enriched for synaptogenesis signaling, protein kinase A signaling, and a variety of immune processes, and some DMRs significantly correlated with gene expression differences. DMRs were also significantly enriched within regions of bivalent chromatin (top odds ratio = 1.46, q-value < 3 × 10-6) that often silence key developmental genes while keeping them poised for activation in pluripotent cells. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that early-life exposure to wildfire smoke leads to long-term changes in the methylome over genes impacting the nervous and immune systems. Follow-up studies will be required to test whether these changes influence transcription following an immune/respiratory challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Brown
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Lucy Cai
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Benjamin I Laufer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, MIND Institute, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Lisa A Miller
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Janine M LaSalle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, MIND Institute, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hong Ji
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Varma S, Dey S, S P D. Cellular Uptake Pathways of Nanoparticles: Process of Endocytosis and Factors Affecting Their Fate. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:679-706. [PMID: 34264182 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210714145356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficient and controlled internalization of NPs into the cells depends on their physicochemical properties and dynamics of the plasma membrane. NPs-cell interaction is a complex process that decides the fate of NPs internalization through different endocytosis pathways. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to highlight the physicochemical properties of synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) and their interaction with the cellular-dynamics and pathways like phagocytosis, pinocytosis, macropinocytosis, clathrin, and caveolae-mediated endocytosis and the involvement of effector proteins domain such as clathrin, AP2, caveolin, Arf6, Cdc42, dynamin and cell surface receptors during the endocytosis process of NPs. METHOD An electronic search was performed to explore the focused reviews and research articles on types of endocytosis and physicochemical properties of nanoparticles and their impact on cellular internalizations. The search was limited to peer-reviewed journals in the PubMed database. RESULTS This article discusses in detail how different types of NPs and their physicochemical properties such as size, shape, aspect ratio, surface charge, hydrophobicity, elasticity, stiffness, corona formation, surface functionalization changes the pattern of endocytosis in the presence of different pharmacological blockers. Some external forces like a magnetic field, electric field, and ultrasound exploit the cell membrane dynamics to permeabilize them for efficient internalization with respect to fundamental principles of membrane bending and pore formation. CONCLUSION This review will be useful to attract and guide the audience to understand the endocytosis mechanism and their pattern with respect to physicochemical properties of NPs to improve their efficacy and targeting to achieve the impactful outcome in drug-delivery and theranostics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Varma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research- JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty-643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Smita Dey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research- JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty-643001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanabal S P
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytopharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research- JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty-643001, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sousa de Almeida M, Susnik E, Drasler B, Taladriz-Blanco P, Petri-Fink A, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Understanding nanoparticle endocytosis to improve targeting strategies in nanomedicine. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5397-5434. [PMID: 33666625 PMCID: PMC8111542 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01127d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 111.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable attention in various fields, such as cosmetics, the food industry, material design, and nanomedicine. In particular, the fast-moving field of nanomedicine takes advantage of features of NPs for the detection and treatment of different types of cancer, fibrosis, inflammation, arthritis as well as neurodegenerative and gastrointestinal diseases. To this end, a detailed understanding of the NP uptake mechanisms by cells and intracellular localization is essential for safe and efficient therapeutic applications. In the first part of this review, we describe the several endocytic pathways involved in the internalization of NPs and we discuss the impact of the physicochemical properties of NPs on this process. In addition, the potential challenges of using various inhibitors, endocytic markers and genetic approaches to study endocytosis are addressed along with the principal (semi) quantification methods of NP uptake. The second part focuses on synthetic and bio-inspired substances, which can stimulate or decrease the cellular uptake of NPs. This approach could be interesting in nanomedicine where a high accumulation of drugs in the target cells is desirable and clearance by immune cells is to be avoided. This review contributes to an improved understanding of NP endocytic pathways and reveals potential substances, which can be used in nanomedicine to improve NP delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Sousa de Almeida
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Eva Susnik
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Barbara Drasler
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
| | | | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of FribourgChemin des Verdiers 41700 FribourgSwitzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University of FribourgChemin du Musée 91700 FribourgSwitzerland
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In Vitro Entero-Capillary Barrier Exhibits Altered Inflammatory and Exosomal Communication Pattern after Exposure to Silica Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133301. [PMID: 31284382 PMCID: PMC6651386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microvasculature (iMV) plays multiple pathogenic roles during chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The iMV acts as a second line of defense and is, among other factors, crucial for the innate immunity in the gut. It is also the therapeutic location in IBD targeting aggravated leukocyte adhesion processes involving ICAM-1 and E-selectin. Specific targeting is stressed via nanoparticulate drug vehicles. Evaluating the iMV in enterocyte barrier models in vitro could shed light on inflammation and barrier-integrity processes during IBD. Therefore, we generated a barrier model by combining the enterocyte cell line Caco-2 with the microvascular endothelial cell line ISO-HAS-1 on opposite sides of a transwell filter-membrane under culture conditions which mimicked the physiological and inflamed conditions of IBD. The IBD model achieved a significant barrier-disruption, demonstrated via transepithelial-electrical resistance (TER), permeability-coefficient (Papp) and increase of sICAM sE-selectin and IL-8. In addition, the impact of a prospective model drug-vehicle (silica nanoparticles, aSNP) on ongoing inflammation was examined. A decrease of sICAM/sE-selectin was observed after aSNP-exposure to the inflamed endothelium. These findings correlated with a decreased secretion of ICAM/E-selectin bearing exosomes/microvesicles, as evaluated via ELISA. Our findings indicate that aSNP treatment of the inflamed endothelium during IBD may hamper exosomal/microvesicular systemic communication.
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GCSH antisense regulation determines breast cancer cells' viability. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15399. [PMID: 30337557 PMCID: PMC6193953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33677-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since it is known that cancer cells exhibit a preference for increased glycine consumption, the respective glycine metabolizing enzymes are in focus of many research projects. However, no cancer associated studies are available for the Glycine Cleavage System Protein H (GCSH) to date. Our initial analysis revealed a GCSH-overexpression of the protein-coding transcript variant 1 (Tv1) in breast cancer cells and tissue. Furthermore, a shorter (391 bp) transcript variant (Tv*) was amplified with an increased expression in healthy breast cells and a decreased expression in breast cancer samples. The Tv1/Tv* transcript ratio is 1.0 in healthy cells on average, and between 5–10 in breast cancer cells. Thus, a GCSH-equilibrium at the transcript level is likely conceivable for optimal glycine degradation. A possible regulative role of Tv* was proven by Tv1-Tv*-RNA-binding and overexpression studies which consequently led to serious physiological alterations: decreased metabolic activity, release of the lactate dehydrogenase, increased extracellular acidification, and finally necrosis as a result of impaired plasma membranes. In contrast, Tv1-overexpression led to an additional increase in cellular vitality of the tumor cells, primarily due to the acceleration of the mitochondrial glycine decarboxylation activity. Ultimately, we provide the first evidence of a sensitive GCSH-antisense regulation which determines cancerous cell viability.
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Mechanisms of Uptake and Translocation of Nanomaterials in the Lung. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1048:21-36. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72041-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Janga H, Cassidy L, Wang F, Spengler D, Oestern-Fitschen S, Krause MF, Seekamp A, Tholey A, Fuchs S. Site-specific and endothelial-mediated dysfunction of the alveolar-capillary barrier in response to lipopolysaccharides. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:982-998. [PMID: 29210175 PMCID: PMC5783864 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious agents such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) challenge the functional properties of the alveolar‐capillary barrier (ACB) in the lung. In this study, we analyse the site‐specific effects of LPS on the ACB and reveal the effects on the individual cell types and the ACB as a functional unit. Monocultures of H441 epithelial cells and co‐cultures of H441 with endothelial cells cultured on Transwells® were treated with LPS from the apical or basolateral compartment. Barrier properties were analysed by the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), by transport assays, and immunostaining and assessment of tight junctional molecules at protein level. Furthermore, pro‐inflammatory cytokines and immune‐modulatory molecules were evaluated by ELISA and semiquantitative real‐time PCR. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry‐based proteomics (LS‐MS) was used to identify proteins and effector molecules secreted by endothelial cells in response to LPS. In co‐cultures treated with LPS from the basolateral compartment, we noticed a significant reduction of TEER, increased permeability and induction of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Conversely, apical treatment did not affect the barrier. No changes were noticed in H441 monoculture upon LPS treatment. However, LPS resulted in an increased expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐6 in OEC and in turn induced the reduction of TEER and an increase in SP‐A expression in H441 monoculture, and H441/OEC co‐cultures after LPS treatment from basolateral compartment. LS‐MS‐based proteomics revealed factors associated with LPS‐mediated lung injury such as ICAM‐1, VCAM‐1, Angiopoietin 2, complement factors and cathepsin S, emphasizing the role of epithelial–endothelial crosstalk in the ACB in ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Janga
- Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Liam Cassidy
- Systematic Proteomics & Bioanalytics, Institut für Experimentelle Medizin, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Fanlu Wang
- Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dietmar Spengler
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig- Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefanie Oestern-Fitschen
- Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martin F Krause
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig- Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Seekamp
- Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Systematic Proteomics & Bioanalytics, Institut für Experimentelle Medizin, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sabine Fuchs
- Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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Vanhecke D, Kuhn DA, Jimenez de Aberasturi D, Balog S, Milosevic A, Urban D, Peckys D, de Jonge N, Parak WJ, Petri-Fink A, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Involvement of two uptake mechanisms of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles in a co-exposure scenario using mouse macrophages. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 8:2396-2409. [PMID: 29234575 PMCID: PMC5704759 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the simultaneous uptake of different engineered nanoparticle types, as it can be expected in our daily life. In order to test such co-exposure effects, murine macrophages (J774A.1 cell line) were incubated with gold (AuNPs) and iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO x NPs) either alone or combined. Environmental scanning electron microscopy revealed that single NPs of both types bound within minutes on the cell surface but with a distinctive difference between FeO x NPs and AuNPs. Uptake analysis studies based on laser scanning microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry revealed intracellular appearance of both NP types in all exposure scenarios and a time-dependent increase. This increase was higher for both AuNPs and FeO x NPs during co-exposure. Cells treated with endocytotic inhibitors recovered after co-exposure, which additionally hinted that two uptake mechanisms are involved. Cross-talk between uptake pathways is relevant for toxicological studies: Co-exposure acts as an uptake accelerant. If the goal is to maximize the cellular uptake, e.g., for the delivery of pharmaceutical agents, this can be beneficial. However, co-exposure should also be taken into account in the case of risk assessment of occupational settings. The demonstration of co-exposure-invoked pathway interactions reveals that synergetic nanoparticle effects, either positive or negative, must be considered for nanotechnology and nanomedicine in particular to develop to its full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Vanhecke
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Dagmar A Kuhn
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Sandor Balog
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ana Milosevic
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Dominic Urban
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Diana Peckys
- Department of Biophysics, CIPMM Geb. 48, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Niels de Jonge
- Department of Biophysics, CIPMM Geb. 48, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- CIC Biomagune, Miramon Ibilbidea 182, 20014 Donostia, Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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13
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Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhao B, Wu H, Yuan L, Zhang H, Dai W, He B, Xing G, Zhang Q, Wang X. Biosafety study and mechanism comparison on two types of silica with different nanostructures. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2017; 6:487-498. [PMID: 30090517 PMCID: PMC6062300 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00076f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica is frequently used in oral drug delivery; however, its biosafety, particularly concerned with its nanostructure, has not been comprehensively studied yet. Here, the in vitro and in vivo biosafety of two types of silica (A200, nano-sized or micron-sized agglomerates; S350, micro-sized particles with nanopores) were compared and the possible reasons for the differences were explored. The results indicated that both A200 and S350 could inhibit the growth of Caco-2 cells by inducing apoptosis and changing the cell cycle progression. A200 showed a stronger influence than S350 in most of the in vitro experiments. In the in vivo study in KM mice, both A200 and S350 could change the blood constituents under the tested conditions; A200 also increased the levels of inflammatory factors in plasma and the numbers of CD4+ lymphocyte subsets. No obvious organic damage was observed in either the A200-treated or S350-treated groups. The transport study showed that neither A200 nor S350 were readily transported across the intestinal epithelial barrier in vitro and in vivo, but A200 could transport across the lymphatic-associated epithelium and accumulate in the Peyer's Patches, which might explain the A200-induced immune response. The increased transport of A200 might relate to its particle size, dispersion state and specific surface area. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that A200 and S350 exhibited diverse biosafety aspects, which correlated with their different nanostructures. We believe this study will provide some scientific information about the biosafety of A200 and S350 for their applications in oral drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82805935
| | - Xianhui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82805935
| | - Bo Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82805935
| | - Hounan Wu
- Medical and Healthy Analytical Center , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Lan Yuan
- Medical and Healthy Analytical Center , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82805935
| | - Wenbing Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82805935
| | - Bing He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82805935
| | - Gengmei Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82805935
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China . ; Tel: +86-10-82805935
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14
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Claudia M, Kristin Ö, Jennifer O, Eva R, Eleonore F. Comparison of fluorescence-based methods to determine nanoparticle uptake by phagocytes and non-phagocytic cells in vitro. Toxicology 2017; 378:25-36. [PMID: 28065592 PMCID: PMC5410379 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
At many portals of entry the relative uptake by phagocytes and non-phagocytic cells has a prominent effect on availability and biological action of nanoparticles (NPs). Cellular uptake can be determined for fluorescence-labeled NPs. The present study compares three methods (plate reader, flow cytometry and image analysis) in order to investigate the influence of particle size and functionalization and medium content on cellular uptake of fluorescence–labeled polystyrene particles and to study the respective method’s suitability for uptake studies. For comparison between the techniques, ratios of macrophage to alveolar epithelial cell uptakes were used. Presence of serum protein in the exposure solution decreased uptake of carboxyl-functionalized and non-functionalized particles; there was no clear effect for the amine-functionalized particles. The 200 nm non- or carboxyl-functionalized NPs were taken up preferentially by phagocytes while for amine-functionalized particles preference was lowest. The presence of the serum slightly increased the preference for these particles. In conclusion, due to the possibility of calibration, plate reader measurements might present a better option than the other techniques to (semi)quantify differences between phagocytes and non-phagocytic cells for particles with different fluorescence. In order to obtain unbiased data the fluorescent labeling has to fulfill certain requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meindl Claudia
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstr. 24, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Öhlinger Kristin
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstr. 24, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Ober Jennifer
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstr. 24, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Roblegg Eva
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Karl-Franzens-University of Graz, Humboldtstr, 46, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Fröhlich Eleonore
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Stiftingtalstr. 24, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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15
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Kasper JY, Hermanns MI, Cavelius C, Kraegeloh A, Jung T, Danzebrink R, Unger RE, Kirkpatrick CJ. The role of the intestinal microvasculature in inflammatory bowel disease: studies with a modified Caco-2 model including endothelial cells resembling the intestinal barrier in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:6353-6364. [PMID: 27994454 PMCID: PMC5153260 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s92608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The microvascular endothelium of the gut barrier plays a crucial role during inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. We have modified a commonly used intestinal cell model based on the Caco-2 cells by adding microvascular endothelial cells (ISO-HAS-1). Transwell filters were used with intestinal barrier-forming Caco-2 cells on top and the ISO-HAS-1 on the bottom of the filter. The goal was to determine whether this coculture mimics the in vivo situation more closely, and whether the model is suitable to evaluate interactions of, for example, prospective nanosized drug vehicles or contrast agents with this coculture in a physiological and inflamed state as it would occur in inflammatory bowel disease. We monitored the inflammatory responsiveness of the cells (release of IL-8, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and soluble E-selectin) after exposure to inflammatory stimuli (lipopolysaccharide, TNF-α, INF-γ, IL1-β) and a nanoparticle (Ba/Gd: coprecipitated BaSO4 and Gd(OH)3), generally used as contrast agents. The barrier integrity of the coculture was evaluated via the determination of transepithelial electrical resistance and the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of NaFITC. The behavior of the coculture Caco-1/ISO-HAS-1 was compared to the respective monocultures Caco-2 and ISO-HAS-1. Based on transepithelial electrical resistance, the epithelial barrier integrity of the coculture remained stable during incubation with all stimuli, whereas the Papp decreased after exposure to the cytokine mixture (TNF-α, INF-γ, IL1-β, and Ba/Gd). Both the endothelial and epithelial monocultures showed a high inflammatory response in both the upper and lower transwell-compartments. However, in the coculture, inflammatory mediators were only detected on the epithelial side and not on the endothelial side. Thus in the coculture, based on the Papp, the epithelial barrier appears to prevent a potential inflammatory overreaction in the underlying endothelial cells. In summary, this coculture model exhibits in vivo-like features, which cannot be observed in conventional monocultures, making the former more suitable to study interactions with external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Jung
- NanoGate AG, Goettelborn, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Ronald E Unger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Mainz
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16
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Yuryev M, Ferreira MPA, Balasubramanian V, Correia AMR, Mäkilä EM, Jokinen V, Andriichuk L, Kemell M, Salonen JJ, Hirvonen JT, Santos HA, Rivera C. Active diffusion of nanoparticles of maternal origin within the embryonic brain. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:2471-81. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate porous silicon (PSi) nanoparticles (NPs) behavior in the embryonic brain. Materials & methods: Fluorescently labeled PSi NPs were injected into the embryonic brains intraventricularly and to the mother intravenously (iv.). Brain histology from different time points up to 3 days was analyzed and live brains imaged with two-photon microscopy. Results: PSi NPs were able to penetrate 80% of the embryonic cortical depth. Particle motility was confirmed in real-time in vivo. PSi NPs were able to penetrate the embryonic cortex after either iv. maternal or intraventricular injection. No developmental of macromorphological changes or increased cell apoptosis was observed. Conclusion: PSi NPs penetrate deep in the brain tissues of embryos after intraventricular injection and after iv. injection to the mother.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Yuryev
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mónica PA Ferreira
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vimalkumar Balasubramanian
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alexandra MR Correia
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ermei M Mäkilä
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Ville Jokinen
- Aalto University, School of Chemical Technology, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Liliia Andriichuk
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marianna Kemell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, PO Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jarno J Salonen
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jouni T Hirvonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Claudio Rivera
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 901, 13009 Marseille, France Aix-Marseille Université, Unité Mixte de Recherche 901, 13273 Marseille, France
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17
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Perez Ruiz de Garibay A. Endocytosis in gene therapy with non-viral vectors. Wien Med Wochenschr 2016; 166:227-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s10354-016-0450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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18
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Ostrovska L, Broz A, Fucikova A, Belinova T, Sugimoto H, Kanno T, Fujii M, Valenta J, Kalbacova MH. The impact of doped silicon quantum dots on human osteoblasts. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14430f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of red/infrared fluorescent (B, P co-doped) Si quantum dots with biological environment (medium and cells) is sensitive to the presence of fetal bovine serum, to the particle size and surface potential and influenced by particle ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Ostrovska
- Biomedical Center
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen
- Charles University in Prague
- Pilsen
- Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Broz
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders
- 1st Faculty of Medicine
- Charles University in Prague
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Anna Fucikova
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Belinova
- Department of the Cell Biology
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University in Prague
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Hiroshi Sugimoto
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kobe
- Japan
| | - Takashi Kanno
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kobe
- Japan
| | - Minoru Fujii
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kobe
- Japan
| | - Jan Valenta
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Marie Hubalek Kalbacova
- Biomedical Center
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen
- Charles University in Prague
- Pilsen
- Czech Republic
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19
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Kirkpatrick CJ. Modelling the regenerative niche: a major challenge in biomaterials research. Regen Biomater 2015; 2:267-72. [PMID: 26816650 PMCID: PMC4676329 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbv018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
By definition, biomaterials are developed for clinical application. In the field of regenerative medicine their principal function is to play a significant, and, if possible, an instructive role in tissue healing. In the last analysis the latter involves targeting the ‘regenerative niche’. The present paper will address the problem of simulating this niche in the laboratory and adopts a life science approach involving the harnessing of heterotypic cellular communication to achieve this, that is, the ability of cells of different types to mutually influence cellular functions. Thus, co-culture systems using human cells are the methodological focus and will concern four exemplary fields of regeneration, namely, bone, soft tissue, lower respiratory tract and airway regeneration. The working hypothesis underlying this approach is that in vitro models of higher complexity will be more clinically relevant than simple monolayer cultures of transformed cell lines in testing innovative strategies with biomaterials for regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C James Kirkpatrick
- REPAIR-Lab, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, D-55101 Mainz, Germany;; Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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20
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Kasper JY, Hermanns MI, Unger RE, Kirkpatrick CJ. A responsive human triple-culture model of the air-blood barrier: incorporation of different macrophage phenotypes. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1285-1297. [PMID: 26078119 PMCID: PMC6680361 DOI: 10.1002/term.2032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Current pulmonary research underlines the relevance of the alveolar macrophage (AM) integrated in multicellular co-culture-systems of the respiratory tract to unravel, for example, the mechanisms of tissue regeneration. AMs demonstrate a specific functionality, as they inhabit a unique microenvironment with high oxygen levels and exposure to external hazards. Healthy AMs display an anti-inflammatory phenotype, prevent hypersensitivity to normally innocuous contaminants and maintain tissue homeostasis in the alveolus. To mirror the actual physiological function of the AM, we developed three different polarized [classically activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2wh , wound-healing; M2reg , regulatory)] macrophage models using a mixture of differentiation mediators, as described in the current literature. To test their immunological impact, these distinct macrophage phenotypes were seeded on to the epithelial layer of an established in vitro air-blood barrier co-culture, consisting of alveolar epithelial cells A549 or H441 and microvascular endothelial cells ISO-HAS-1 on the opposite side of a Transwell filter-membrane. IL-8 and sICAM release were measured as functionality parameters after LPS challenge. The M1 model itself already provoked a severe inflammatory-like response of the air-blood barrier co-culture, thus demonstrating its potential as a useful in vitro model for inflammatory lung diseases. The two M2 models represent a 'non-inflammatory' phenotype but still showed the ability to trigger inflammation following LPS challenge. Hence, the latter could be used to establish a quiescent, physiological in vitro air-blood model. Thus, the more complex differentiation protocol developed in the present study provides a responsive in vitro triple-culture model of the air-blood-barrier that mimics AM features as they occur in vivo. © 2015 The Authors Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria I Hermanns
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ronald E Unger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
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21
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Pereira P, Pedrosa SS, Wymant JM, Sayers E, Correia A, Vilanova M, Jones AT, Gama FM. siRNA Inhibition of Endocytic Pathways to Characterize the Cellular Uptake Mechanisms of Folate-Functionalized Glycol Chitosan Nanogels. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:1970-9. [DOI: 10.1021/mp500785t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pereira
- Institute
for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering,
Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga 4710-05, Portugal
| | - Sílvia S. Pedrosa
- Institute
for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering,
Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga 4710-05, Portugal
| | - Jennifer M. Wymant
- Cardiff
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, Cardiff CF10 3NB, Wales
| | - Edward Sayers
- Cardiff
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, Cardiff CF10 3NB, Wales
| | - Alexandra Correia
- Institute of Molecular
and Cell Biology, Rua Campo Alegre, Porto 4099-003, Portugal
| | - Manuel Vilanova
- Institute of Molecular
and Cell Biology, Rua Campo Alegre, Porto 4099-003, Portugal
- Abel
Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge
Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Arwyn T. Jones
- Cardiff
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, Cardiff CF10 3NB, Wales
| | - Francisco M. Gama
- Institute
for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering,
Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga 4710-05, Portugal
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22
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Kasper JY, Feiden L, Hermanns MI, Bantz C, Maskos M, Unger RE, Kirkpatrick CJ. Pulmonary surfactant augments cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles: Studies on an in vitro air-blood barrier model. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 6:517-28. [PMID: 25821694 PMCID: PMC4362310 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The air-blood barrier is a very thin membrane of about 2.2 µm thickness and therefore represents an ideal portal of entry for nanoparticles to be used therapeutically in a regenerative medicine strategy. Until now, numerous studies using cellular airway models have been conducted in vitro in order to investigate the potential hazard of NPs. However, in most in vitro studies a crucial alveolar component has been neglected. Before aspirated NPs encounter the cellular air-blood barrier, they impinge on the alveolar surfactant layer (10-20 nm in thickness) that lines the entire alveolar surface. Thus, a prior interaction of NPs with pulmonary surfactant components will occur. In the present study we explored the impact of pulmonary surfactant on the cytotoxic potential of amorphous silica nanoparticles (aSNPs) using in vitro mono- and complex coculture models of the air-blood barrier. Furthermore, different surface functionalisations (plain-unmodified, amino, carboxylate) of the aSNPs were compared in order to study the impact of chemical surface properties on aSNP cytotoxicity in combination with lung surfactant. The alveolar epithelial cell line A549 was used in mono- and in coculture with the microvascular cell line ISO-HAS-1 in the form of different cytotoxicity assays (viability, membrane integrity, inflammatory responses such as IL-8 release). At a distinct concentration (100 µg/mL) aSNP-plain displayed the highest cytotoxicity and IL-8 release in monocultures of A549. aSNP-NH2 caused a slight toxic effect, whereas aSNP-COOH did not exhibit any cytotoxicity. In combination with lung surfactant, aSNP-plain revealed an increased cytotoxicity in monocultures of A549, aSNP-NH2 caused a slightly augmented toxic effect, whereas aSNP-COOH did not show any toxic alterations. A549 in coculture did not show any decreased toxicity (membrane integrity) for aSNP-plain in combination with lung surfactant. However, a significant augmented IL-8 release was observed, but no alterations in combination with lung surfactant. The augmented aSNP toxicity with surfactant in monocultures appears to depend on the chemical surface properties of the aSNPs. Reactive silanol groups seem to play a crucial role for an augmented toxicity of aSNPs. The A549 cells in the coculture seem to be more robust towards aSNPs, which might be a result of a higher differentiation and polarization state due the longer culture period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Y Kasper
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lisa Feiden
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Maria I Hermanns
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Bantz
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18–20, 55129 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Maskos
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18–20, 55129 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ronald E Unger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - C James Kirkpatrick
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
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23
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Hofmann D, Tenzer S, Bannwarth MB, Messerschmidt C, Glaser SF, Schild H, Landfester K, Mailänder V. Mass spectrometry and imaging analysis of nanoparticle-containing vesicles provide a mechanistic insight into cellular trafficking. ACS NANO 2014; 8:10077-10088. [PMID: 25244389 DOI: 10.1021/nn502754c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Rational design of nanocarriers for drug delivery approaches requires an unbiased knowledge of uptake mechanisms and intracellular trafficking pathways. Here we dissected these processes using a quantitative proteomics approach. We isolated intracellular vesicles containing superparamagnetic iron oxide polystyrene nanoparticles and analyzed their protein composition by label-free quantitative mass spectrometry. The proteomic snapshot of organelle marker proteins revealed that an atypical macropinocytic-like mechanism mediated the entry of nanoparticles. We show that the entry mechanism is controlled by actin reorganization, atypical macropinocytic signaling, and ADP-ribosylation factor 1. Additionally, our proteomics data demonstrated a central role for multivesicular bodies and multilamellar lysosomes in trafficking and final nanoparticle storage. This was confirmed by confocal microscopy and cryo-TEM measurements. By quantitatively analyzing the protein composition of nanoparticle-containing vesicles, our study clearly defines the routes of nanoparticle entry, intracellular trafficking, and the proteomic milieu of a nanoparticle-containing vesicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hofmann
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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24
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Bantz C, Koshkina O, Lang T, Galla HJ, Kirkpatrick CJ, Stauber RH, Maskos M. The surface properties of nanoparticles determine the agglomeration state and the size of the particles under physiological conditions. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:1774-1786. [PMID: 25383289 PMCID: PMC4222438 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Due to the recent widespread application of nanomaterials to biological systems, a careful consideration of their physiological impact is required. This demands an understanding of the complex processes at the bio-nano interface. Therefore, a comprehensive and accurate characterization of the material under physiological conditions is crucial to correlate the observed biological impact with defined colloidal properties. As promising candidates for biomedical applications, two SiO2-based nanomaterial systems were chosen for extensive size characterization to investigate the agglomeration behavior under physiological conditions. To combine the benefits of different characterization techniques and to compensate for their respective drawbacks, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation were applied. The investigated particle systems were (i) negatively charged silica particles and (ii) poly(organosiloxane) particles offering variable surface modification opportunities (positively charged, polymer coated). It is shown that the surface properties primarily determine the agglomeration state of the particles and therefore their effective size, especially under physiological conditions. Thus, the biological identity of a nanomaterial is clearly influenced by differentiating surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bantz
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Straße 18–20, 55129 Mainz, Germany
| | - Olga Koshkina
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Straße 18–20, 55129 Mainz, Germany
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Lang
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Straße 18–20, 55129 Mainz, Germany
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Galla
- Institute of Biochemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - C James Kirkpatrick
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Roland H Stauber
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology/Mainz Screening Center, University Medical Center of Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Maskos
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Straße 18–20, 55129 Mainz, Germany
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25
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Ghaffarian R, Muro S. Models and methods to evaluate transport of drug delivery systems across cellular barriers. J Vis Exp 2013:e50638. [PMID: 24192611 DOI: 10.3791/50638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sub-micrometer carriers (nanocarriers; NCs) enhance efficacy of drugs by improving solubility, stability, circulation time, targeting, and release. Additionally, traversing cellular barriers in the body is crucial for both oral delivery of therapeutic NCs into the circulation and transport from the blood into tissues, where intervention is needed. NC transport across cellular barriers is achieved by: (i) the paracellular route, via transient disruption of the junctions that interlock adjacent cells, or (ii) the transcellular route, where materials are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell body, and secreted at the opposite cell surface (transyctosis). Delivery across cellular barriers can be facilitated by coupling therapeutics or their carriers with targeting agents that bind specifically to cell-surface markers involved in transport. Here, we provide methods to measure the extent and mechanism of NC transport across a model cell barrier, which consists of a monolayer of gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial cells grown on a porous membrane located in a transwell insert. Formation of a permeability barrier is confirmed by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), transepithelial transport of a control substance, and immunostaining of tight junctions. As an example, ~200 nm polymer NCs are used, which carry a therapeutic cargo and are coated with an antibody that targets a cell-surface determinant. The antibody or therapeutic cargo is labeled with (125)I for radioisotope tracing and labeled NCs are added to the upper chamber over the cell monolayer for varying periods of time. NCs associated to the cells and/or transported to the underlying chamber can be detected. Measurement of free (125)I allows subtraction of the degraded fraction. The paracellular route is assessed by determining potential changes caused by NC transport to the barrier parameters described above. Transcellular transport is determined by addressing the effect of modulating endocytosis and transcytosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Ghaffarian
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland
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Freese C, Unger RE, Deller RC, Gibson MI, Brochhausen C, Klok HA, Kirkpatrick CJ. Uptake of poly(2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide)-coated gold nanoparticles in microvascular endothelial cells and transport across the blood–brain barrier. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:824-833. [DOI: 10.1039/c3bm60050e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Joris F, Manshian BB, Peynshaert K, De Smedt SC, Braeckmans K, Soenen SJ. Assessing nanoparticle toxicity in cell-based assays: influence of cell culture parameters and optimized models for bridging the in vitro–in vivo gap. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:8339-59. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60145e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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