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Zarmpi P, Pensado A, Gordeev SN, Jane White KA, Bunge AL, Guy RH, Begoña Delgado-Charro M. Physicochemical characterization of the metamorphosis of film-forming formulations of betamethasone-17-valerate. Int J Pharm 2024:124595. [PMID: 39154921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Following topical application of a dermatological product, the loss (by evaporation and/or absorption through the skin) of volatile excipients will alter the composition of the formulation remaining on the tissue. This so-called metamorphosis impacts the concentration of the drug in the residual vehicle, (potentially) its physical form therein and, as a result, its uptake into and subsequent permeation through the skin. This research aimed to characterise - using primarily confocal Raman microspectroscopy - the metamorphosis of film-forming formulations of betamethasone-17-valerate (at different loadings) comprised of hydroxypropyl cellulose (film-forming agent), triethyl citrate (plasticizer) and ethanol (solvent). Dissolved and crystalline drug in the films were identified separately by their different characteristic Raman frequencies (1666 cm-1 and 1659 cm-1, respectively). These Raman measurements, as well as optical imaging, confirmed corticosteroid crystallisation in the residual films left after ethanol evaporation when drug concentration exceeded the saturation limit. In vitro release tests of either sprayed or pipette-deposited films into either aqueous or ethanolic receptor solutions revealed kinetics dominated by the residual film post-metamorphosis on the kinetics of drug release. In particular, the rate and extent of drug release depends on the concentration of dissolved drug in the residual film, which is limited by drug saturation unless supersaturation occurs. For the simple films examined here, supersaturation was not detected and the solubility limit of drug in the films was sufficient to sustain drug release at a constant flux from the saturated films through a thin silicone elastomer membrane into an aqueous receptor solution for 30 h. Flux values were ∼ 1 μg cm-2h-1 from saturated residual films independent of the amount of crystallized drug present. Flux from subsaturated films was reduced by an amount that was consistent with the lower degree of saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Zarmpi
- University of Bath, Department of Life Sciences, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Andrea Pensado
- University of Bath, Department of Life Sciences, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Sergey N Gordeev
- University of Bath, Department of Physics, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - K A Jane White
- University of Bath, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Annette L Bunge
- Colorado School of Mines, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Richard H Guy
- University of Bath, Department of Life Sciences, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
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2
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Snejdrova E, Loskot J, Veris A, Kastner P, Andrys R. Formulation study of PLGA in situ films for topical delivery of salicylates. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 199:114282. [PMID: 38614434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
A film-forming system (FFS) represents a convenient topical dosage form for drug delivery. In this study, a non-commercial poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was chosen to formulate an FFS containing salicylic acid (SA) and methyl salicylate (MS). This unique combination is advantageous from a therapeutic point of view, as it enabled modified salicylate release. It is beneficial from a technological perspective too, because it improved thermal, rheological, and adhesive properties of the in situ film. DSC revealed complete dissolution of SA and good miscibility of MS with the polymer. MS also ensures optimal viscoelastic and adhesive properties of the film, leading to prolonged and sustained drug release. The hydrolysis of MS to active SA was very slow at skin pH 5.5, but it apparently occurred at physiological pH 7.4. The film structure is homogeneous without cracks, unlike some commercial preparations. The dissolution study of salicylates revealed different courses in their release and the influence of MS concentration in the film. The formulated PLGA-based FFS containing 5 % SA and 10 % MS is promising for sustained and prolonged local delivery of salicylates, used mainly for keratolytic and anti-inflammatory actions and pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Snejdrova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Loskot
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Andrea Veris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Kastner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Rudolf Andrys
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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3
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Sari MHM, Saccol CP, Custódio VN, da Rosa LS, da Costa JS, Fajardo AR, Ferreira LM, Cruz L. Carrageenan-xanthan nanocomposite film with improved bioadhesion and permeation profile in human skin: A cutaneous-friendly platform for ketoprofen local delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130864. [PMID: 38493820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Ketoprofen (KET), commonly used for inflammation in clinical settings, leads to systemic adverse effects with prolonged use, mitigated by topical administration. Nanotechnology-based cutaneous forms, like films, may enhance KET efficacy. Therefore, this study aimed to prepare and characterize films containing KET nanoemulsions (F-NK) regarding mechanical properties, chemical composition and interactions, occlusive potential, bioadhesion, drug permeation in human skin, and safety. The films were prepared using a κ-carrageenan and xanthan gum blend (2 % w/w, ratio 3: 1) plasticized with glycerol through the solvent casting method. Non-nanoemulsioned KET films (F-K) were prepared for comparative purposes. F-NK was flexible and hydrophilic, exhibited higher drug content and better uniformity (94.40 ± 3.61 %), maintained the NK droplet size (157 ± 12 nm), and was thinner and lighter than the F-K. This film also showed increased tensile strength and Young's modulus values, enhanced bioadhesion and occlusive potential, and resulted in more of the drug in the human skin layers. Data also suggested that nano-based formulations are homogeneous and more stable than F-KET. Hemolysis and chorioallantoic membrane tests suggested the formulations' safety. Thus, the nano-based film is suitable for cutaneous KET delivery, which may improve the drug's efficacy in managing inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Henrique Marcondes Sari
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - Camila Parcianello Saccol
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Neuenschwander Custódio
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Juliê Silveira da Costa
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão s/n, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - André Ricardo Fajardo
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Desenvolvimento de Compósitos e Materiais Poliméricos (LaCoPol), Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão s/n, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luana Mota Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Letícia Cruz
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
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Zhao L, Chen J, Bai B, Song G, Zhang J, Yu H, Huang S, Wang Z, Lu G. Topical drug delivery strategies for enhancing drug effectiveness by skin barriers, drug delivery systems and individualized dosing. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1333986. [PMID: 38293666 PMCID: PMC10825035 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1333986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Topical drug delivery is widely used in various diseases because of the advantages of not passing through the gastrointestinal tract, avoiding gastrointestinal irritation and hepatic first-pass effect, and reaching the lesion directly to reduce unnecessary adverse reactions. The skin helps the organism to defend itself against a huge majority of external aggressions and is one of the most important lines of defense of the body. However, the skin's strong barrier ability is also a huge obstacle to the effectiveness of topical medications. Allowing the bioactive, composition in a drug to pass through the stratum corneum barrier as needed to reach the target site is the most essential need for the bioactive, composition to exert its therapeutic effect. The state of the skin barrier, the choice of delivery system for the bioactive, composition, and individualized disease detection and dosing planning influence the effectiveness of topical medications. Nowadays, enhancing transdermal absorption of topically applied drugs is the hottest research area. However, enhancing transdermal absorption of drugs is not the first choice to improve the effectiveness of all drugs. Excessive transdermal absorption enhances topical drug accumulation at non-target sites and the occurrence of adverse reactions. This paper introduces topical drug delivery strategies to improve drug effectiveness from three perspectives: skin barrier, drug delivery system and individualized drug delivery, describes the current status and shortcomings of topical drug research, and provides new directions and ideas for topical drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bai Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guili Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiwei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Thakur N, Goswami M, Deka Dey A, Kaur B, Sharma C, Kumar A. Fabrication and Synthesis of Thiococlchicoside Loaded Matrix Type Transdermal Patch. Pharm Nanotechnol 2024; 12:143-154. [PMID: 37282636 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230606120828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this work was to synthesize and fabricate matrix type transdermal patches based on a combination of polymers (Eudragit L100, HPMC and PVP K30), plasticizer and crosslinking agents (propylene glycol and triethyl citrate) and adhesives (Dura Tak 87-6908) to increase Thiocolchicoside (THC) absorption via topical route. This method allows avoidance of first-pass metabolism along with a consistent and extended duration of therapeutic activity. METHODS Fabrication and casting of polymeric solutions containing THC was done either in petri plates or through lab coater to get transdermal patches. Finally, the formulated patches were studied for their physicochemical and biological evaluation using scanning electron microscopy, FTIR, DSC, XRD and ex-vivo permeation studies using pig ear skin. RESULTS FTIR studies confirm that the THC characteristics peaks (carbonyl (Amide I) at 1525.5 cm-1, C=O stretching (tropane ring) at 1664.4 cm-1, Amide II band (N-H stretching) at 3325.9 cm-1, thioether band at 2360.7 cm-1, and OH group stretching band at 3400.2 cm-1) are still present in the polymer mixture even after formulation as a transdermal patch, indicating compatibility among all excipients. While on the other hand, DSC studies confirm endothermic peaks for all the polymers along with THC with the highest enthalpy of 65.979 J/g, which is an indicator of sharp endothermic peak at 198°C, leading to the melting of THC. The percentage drug content and percentage moisture uptake of all the formulation was found in the range of 96 ± 2.04 to 98.56 ± 1.34% and 4.13 ± 1.16 to 8.23 ± 0.90%, respectively. Drug release and release kinetics studies confirm that it is dependent on the composition of individual formulation. CONCLUSION All these findings support the possibility of using suitable polymeric composition, as well as proper formulation and manufacturing circumstances, to create a one-of-a-kind technology platform for transdermal drug administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Manish Goswami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Saraswati College of Pharmacy, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Asmita Deka Dey
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Chandan Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, 824209, India
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Viola M, Migliorini C, Ziarelli F, Viel S, Cencetti C, Di Risola D, Mosca L, Masuelli L, Matricardi P, Di Meo C. Polyacrylate-Cholesterol Amphiphilic Derivative: Formulation Development and Scale-up for Health Care Applications. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:482. [PMID: 37754896 PMCID: PMC10532428 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel amphiphilic polyacrylate grafted with cholesterol moieties, PAAbCH, previously synthesized, was deeply characterized and investigated in the lab and on a pre-industrial scale. Solid-state NMR analysis confirmed the polymer structure, and several water-based pharmaceutical and cosmetic products were developed. In particular, stable oil/water emulsions with vegetable oils, squalene, and ceramides were prepared, as well as hydrophilic medicated films loaded with diclofenac, providing a prolonged drug release. PAAbCH also formed polyelectrolyte hydrogel complexes with chitosan, both at the macro- and nano-scale. The results demonstrate that this polymer has promising potential as an innovative excipient, acting as a solubility enhancer, viscosity enhancer, and emulsifying agent with an easy scale-up transfer process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Viola
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.V.); (C.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Claudia Migliorini
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.V.); (C.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Méditerranée, Fédération Sciences Chimiques Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France;
| | - Stéphane Viel
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, 13013 Marseille, France;
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Daniel Di Risola
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.D.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.D.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Pietro Matricardi
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.V.); (C.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Chiara Di Meo
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.V.); (C.M.); (P.M.)
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Herbig ME, Evers DH, Gorissen S, Köllmer M. Rational Design of Topical Semi-Solid Dosage Forms-How Far Are We? Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1822. [PMID: 37514009 PMCID: PMC10386014 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific aspects of semi-solid dosage forms for topical application include the nature of the barrier to be overcome, aspects of susceptibility to physical and chemical instability, and a greater influence of sensory perception. Advances in understanding the driving forces of skin penetration as well as the design principles and inner structure of formulations, provide a good basis for the more rational design of such dosage forms, which still often follow more traditional design approaches. This review analyses the opportunities and constraints of rational formulation design approaches in the industrial development of new topical drugs. As the selection of drug candidates with favorable physicochemical properties increases the speed and probability of success, models for drug selection based on theoretical and experimental approaches are discussed. This paper reviews how progress in the scientific understanding of mechanisms and vehicle-influence of skin penetration can be used for rational formulation design. The characterization of semi-solid formulations is discussed with a special focus on modern rheological approaches and analytical methods for investigating and optimizing the chemical stability of active ingredients in consideration of applicable guidelines. In conclusion, the combination of a good understanding of scientific principles combined with early consideration of regulatory requirements for product quality are enablers for the successful development of innovative and robust semi-solid formulations for topical application.
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Wang J, Sun H, Jia W, Song Y, Quan P, Fang L, Liu C. Construction of Imatinib Controlled Release Film-Forming System Based on Drug Ion-Pair and Oligomeric Ionic Liquids for the Long Local Therapy of Cutaneous Melanoma. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:87. [PMID: 36964446 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02546-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An imatinib controlled release film-forming system (FFS) was developed based on the drug ion-pair and newly designed oligomeric ionic liquids (OILs) for the topical therapy of cutaneous melanoma, which avoided the systemic side-effect of oral administration and maintained a long local therapy effect. The OILs significantly improved the drug release capacity about 1.5-fold, and the formability and stability of FFSs (verified by AFM/PLM). The in vivo anti-tumor efficacy studies in melanoma tumor bearing mice showed that compared with the oral capsules, the topical application of the optimized imatinib FFS significantly (p < 0.01) increased tumor inhibition rate (67.54 ± 2.72%) and the amount of apoptotic cells. As confirmed by FT-IR and NMR, the partial protonation of OILs were demonstrated to have high hydrogen bond forming capacity, thus showing low polarity and good biocompatibility. More importantly, based on 13C-NMR study, OILs demonstrated higher hydrogen bond forming capacity, and formed bridge between drug ion-pair (O-H of counter-ion) and PVA (O-H), increased the molecular mobility of PVA, thus maintaining a long drug release capacity. Therefore, an imatinib FFS was developed with good therapeutic effect and the effect of drug ion-pair and OILs on increasing the drug skin retention and controlled release of imatinib FFS for topical therapy was clarified at the molecular level, which provided a safe and effective way for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Han Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenxuan Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Yilin Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Peng Quan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Liang Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China.
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9
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Dhimmar B, Pokale R, Rahamathulla M, Hani U, Alshahrani MY, Alshehri S, Shakeel F, Alam P, Osmani RAM, Patil AB. Newfangled Topical Film-Forming Solution for Facilitated Antifungal Therapy: Design, Development, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15041003. [PMID: 36850286 PMCID: PMC9961451 DOI: 10.3390/polym15041003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Luliconazole is a broad-spectrum topical antifungal agent that acts by altering the synthesis of fungi cell membranes. Literature suggests that the recurrence of fungal infection can be avoided by altering the pH of the site of infection. Studies have also suggested that fungi thrive by altering skin pH to be slightly acidic, i.e., pH 3-5. The current study is aimed to design, develop, characterize, and evaluate an alkaline pH-based antifungal spray solution for antifungal effects. Luliconazole was used as an antifungal agent and an alkaline spray was formulated for topical application by using Eudragit RS 100, propylene glycol (PG), water, sodium bicarbonate, and ethanol via solubilization method. Herein, sodium bicarbonate was used as an alkalizing agent. Based on DSC, FTIR, PXRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and rheological analysis outcomes, the drug (luliconazole) and polymer were found to be compatible. F-14 formulation containing 22% Eudragit RS 100 (ERS), 1.5% PG, and 0.25% sodium bicarbonate was optimized by adopting the quality by design approach by using design of experiment software. The viscosity, pH, drying time, volume of solution post spraying, and spray angle were, 14.99 ± 0.21 cp, 8 pH, 60 s, 0.25 mL ± 0.05 mL, and 80 ± 2, respectively. In vitro drug diffusion studies and in vitro antifungal trials against Candida albicans revealed 98.0 ± 0.2% drug diffusion with a zone of inhibition of 9 ± 0.12 mm. The findings of the optimized luliconazole topical film-forming solution were satisfactory, it was compatible with human skin, and depicted sustained drug release that suggests promising applicability in facilitated topical antifungal treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhakti Dhimmar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Rahul Pokale
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohamed Rahamathulla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y. Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prawez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyaz Ali M. Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (R.A.M.O.); (A.B.P.); Tel.: +91-9970366276 (R.A.M.O.); +91-9738678943 (A.B.P.)
| | - Amit B. Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (R.A.M.O.); (A.B.P.); Tel.: +91-9970366276 (R.A.M.O.); +91-9738678943 (A.B.P.)
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10
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Film Forming Systems for Delivery of Active Molecules into and across the Skin. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020397. [PMID: 36839719 PMCID: PMC9967029 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We have investigated delivery systems that can form a structured matrix film on the skin after their application. In a previous work, we have shown that Weblike film forming systems (also called Pouches Drug Delivery Systems, PDDS) enable enhanced skin delivery of the incorporated molecules. These delivery systems are composed of one or more phospholipids, a short-chain alcohol, a polymer and optionally water. In this work, we continue the investigation and characterization of Weblike carriers focusing on some factors affecting the delivery properties such as components concentration and mode of application on the skin. Upon non-occluded application on the skin, the systems dry rapidly, forming a web-like structured film. Lidocaine, Ibuprofen, FITC and Cannabidiol are molecules with various physico-chemical properties that were incorporated in the carrier. The systems were tested in a number of in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results of the in vitro permeation of Ibuprofen through porcine skin indicated two-fold delivery through the skin of Ibuprofen when applied from our Weblike system in comparison with a nanovesicular carrier, the ethosome. We also have investigated weblike systems containing hemp seed oil (HSO). This addition enhanced the film's ability to deliver lipophilic molecules to the deeper skin layers, leading to an improved pharmacodynamic effect. In analgesic tests carried out in a pain mice model following one hour application of CBD in Weblike system with and without HSO, the number of writhing episodes was decreased from 29 in the untreated animals to 9.5 and 18.5 writhes, respectively. The results of our work open the way towards a further investigation of Weblike film forming systems containing drugs for improved dermal and transdermal treatment of various ailments.
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Jain AK, Jain S, Abourehab MAS, Mehta P, Kesharwani P. An insight on topically applied formulations for management of various skin disorders. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:2406-2432. [PMID: 35848901 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2103625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Various types of skin disorders across each age group and in each part of geographical world are very dreadful. Despite not being fatal each time they are always of social and mental concern for suffering individuals, causing complications in millions of patients every day and require comparatively longer duration of treatment. Off late, various topical/transdermal formulations have been widely explored for the treatment of various skin ailments. The efficiency of topical therapy depends on various physiochemical properties of drugs like particle size, particle size distribution, partition coefficient, viscosity of dosage form, skin permeability, skin condition and the site of application. Therefore, in plenty of examples, long-acting topical formulations have shown to be markedly excellent in comparison to conventional dosage forms. The major advantages of topical formulations accrue from their demonstrated ability: (i) Reduced serious side effects that may occur due to undesirably higher systemic absorption of drug. (ii) Enhancement of drug accumulation at the desired site. (iii) Easy incorporation of enormous range of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs and (iv) Reduced risk of dose dumping and comparatively easy termination of drug release. The prospective applications of topically applied formulations and the deposition of pharmaceuticals into the skin are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Jain
- School of Pharmacy, LNCT University, Bhopal, M.P., India
| | - Sakshi Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, , Bhagyoday Tirth Pharmacy College Sagar, M.P., India
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Parul Mehta
- School of Pharmacy, LNCT University, Bhopal, M.P., India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.,University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
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Kapoor K, Gräfe N, Herbig ME. Topical film-forming solid solutions for enhanced dermal delivery of the retinoid tazarotene. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2779-2787. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Timotijević MD, Ilić T, Savić S, Pantelić I. Simultaneous Physico-Mechanical and In Vivo Assessment towards Factual Skin Performance Profile of Topical Polymeric Film-Forming Systems. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020223. [PMID: 35213956 PMCID: PMC8877452 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Topical film-forming systems (FFS) change drastically after solvent displacement, therefore indicating their skin metamorphosis/transformation as a property of special regulatory and research interest. This paper deals with the lack of suitable characterization techniques, suggesting a set of methods able to provide a comprehensive notion of FFS skin performance. After screening the physico-chemical, mechanical and sensory properties of FFS and resulting films, an elaborate three-phase in vivo study was performed, covering skin irritation, friction and substantivity. Upon removal of 24-hour occlusion, no significant change in erythema index was observed, while the film-former type (cellulose ether, acrylate and/or vinyl polymer) affected transepidermal water loss (TEWL); hydrophobic methacrylate copolymer-based samples decreased TEWL by 40–50%, suggesting a semi-occlusive effect. Although both the tribological parameters related to the friction coefficient and the friction curve’s plateau provided valuable data, their analysis indicated the importance of the moment the plateau is reached as the onset of the secondary formulation, while the tertiary state is still best described by the completion of the film’s drying time. The final part of the in vivo study proved the high in-use substantivity of all samples but confirmed the optimal 4:1 ratio of hydrophobic cationic and hydrophilic polymers, as indicated during early physico-mechanical screening.
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Van Gheluwe L, Munnier E, Kichou H, Kemel K, Mahut F, Vayer M, Sinturel C, Byrne HJ, Yvergnaux F, Chourpa I, Bonnier F. Confocal Raman Spectroscopic Imaging for Evaluation of Distribution of Nano-Formulated Hydrophobic Active Cosmetic Ingredients in Hydrophilic Films. Molecules 2021; 26:7440. [PMID: 34946526 PMCID: PMC8707231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Film-forming systems are highly relevant to the topical administration of active ingredients (AI) to the body. Enhanced contact with the skin can increase the efficacy of delivery and penetration during prolonged exposure. However, after the evaporation of volatile solvents to form a thin film, the distribution of the ingredient should remain homogenous in order to ensure the effectiveness of the formula. This is especially critical for the use of hydrophobic molecules that have poor solubility in hydrophilic films. In order to address this concern, hydroxyphenethyl esters (PHE) of Punica granatum seed oil were prepared as a nanosuspension stabilised by poloxamers (NanoPHE). NanoPHE was then added to a formulation containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a film forming agent, Glycerol as a plasticiser and an antimicrobial agent, SepicideTM HB. Despite their reliability, reference methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography are increasingly challenged due to the need for consumables and solvents, which is contrary to current concerns about green industry in the cosmetics field. Moreover, such methods fail to provide spatially resolved chemical information. In order to investigate the distribution of ingredients in the dried film, Confocal Raman imaging (CRI) coupled to Non-negatively Constrained Least Squares (NCLS) analysis was used. The reconstructed heat maps from a range of films containing systematically varying PHE concentrations highlighted the changes in spectral contribution from each of the ingredients. First, using NCLS scores it was demonstrated that the distributions of PVA, Glycerol, SepicideTM HB and PHE were homogenous, with respective relative standard deviations (RSD) of 3.33%, 2.48%, 2.72% and 6.27%. Second, the respective relationships between ingredient concentrations in the films and their Raman responses, and the spectral abundance were established. Finally, a model for absolute quantification for PHE was be constructed using the percentage of spectral abundance. The prepared %w/w concentrations regressed against predicted %w/w concentrations, displaying high correlation (R2 = 0.995), while the Root Mean Squared Error (0.0869% w/w PHE) confirmed the precision of the analysis. The mean percent relative error of 3.75% indicates the accuracy to which the concentration in dried films could be determined, further supporting the suitability of CRI for analysis of composite solid film matrix. Ultimately, it was demonstrated that nanoformulation of hydrophobic PHE provides homogenous distribution in PVA based film-forming systems independent of the concentration of NanoPHE used in the formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Van Gheluwe
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; (L.V.G.); (E.M.); (H.K.); (K.K.); (I.C.)
| | - Emilie Munnier
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; (L.V.G.); (E.M.); (H.K.); (K.K.); (I.C.)
| | - Hichem Kichou
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; (L.V.G.); (E.M.); (H.K.); (K.K.); (I.C.)
| | - Kamilia Kemel
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; (L.V.G.); (E.M.); (H.K.); (K.K.); (I.C.)
| | - Frédéric Mahut
- UMR CNRS 7374-Université d’Orléans ICMN, 45071 Orléans, France; (F.M.); (M.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Marylène Vayer
- UMR CNRS 7374-Université d’Orléans ICMN, 45071 Orléans, France; (F.M.); (M.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Christophe Sinturel
- UMR CNRS 7374-Université d’Orléans ICMN, 45071 Orléans, France; (F.M.); (M.V.); (C.S.)
| | - Hugh J. Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, TU Dublin, City Campus, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland;
| | | | - Igor Chourpa
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; (L.V.G.); (E.M.); (H.K.); (K.K.); (I.C.)
| | - Franck Bonnier
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; (L.V.G.); (E.M.); (H.K.); (K.K.); (I.C.)
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QbD steered fabrication of Pullulan-Terminalia catappa-Carbopol®971P film forming gel for improved rheological, textural and biopharmaceutical aspects. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:1301-1312. [PMID: 34743813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In present work, a film forming gel (FFG) was developed through ingenious amalgamation of polymers: Pullulan, Terminalia catappa and Carbopol®971P ® for cutaneous delivery of clotrimazole (CTZ) employing D-optimal mixture design. The developed FFG possess pseudoplastic, viscoelastic, thixotropic characteristics leading to good spreadability (35.71 ± 1.72 g·s, work of shear; 452.73 ± 8.23 g, firmness). Upon solvent evaporation, FFG converted in situ into bioadhesive film (81.90 ± 3.24 g) leading to longer residence on skin surface, prolonged delivery and ~1.3 fold enhanced CTZ skin retention as compare to commercial cream as evident from biopharmaceutical analysis, which is ideal for skin infections treatment. The simulation analysis suggested ≥10 μg/mL (MIC against C. albicans) CTZ concentration maintained for 2 times the days in rat skin as well as human skin as compared to commercial cream. Overall, the developed FFG system ascertained to be promising delivery system for treatment of chronic skin conditions.
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Pünnel LC, Lunter DJ. Film-Forming Systems for Dermal Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13070932. [PMID: 34201668 PMCID: PMC8308977 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Film-forming formulations represent a novel form of sustained release dermatic products. They are applied to the skin as a liquid or semi-solid preparation. By evaporation of the volatile solvent on the skin, the polymer contained in the formulation forms a solid film. Various film-forming formulations were tested for their water and abrasion resistance and compared with conventional semi-solid formulations. Penetration and permeation studies of the formulations indicate a potential utility as transdermal therapeutic systems. They can be used as an alternative to patch systems to administer a variety of drugs in a topical way and may provide sustained release characteristics.
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17
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Bom S, Martins AM, Ribeiro HM, Marto J. Diving into 3D (bio)printing: A revolutionary tool to customize the production of drug and cell-based systems for skin delivery. Int J Pharm 2021; 605:120794. [PMID: 34119578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of 3D printing technologies in the pharmaceutical industry can revolutionize its R&D, by providing a simple and rapid method to produce tailored one-off batches, each with customized dosages, different compounds, shapes, sizes, and adjusted release rates. Particularly, this type of technology can be advantageous for the development of topical and transdermal drug delivery systems, including patches and microneedles. The use of both systems as drug carriers offers advantages over the oral administration, but the possibility of skin irritation and sensitization, and the high production costs, may hinder the expansion of this market. In this context, 3D printing, a high-resolution technique, allows the design of high quality, personalized, complex and sophisticated structures, thus reducing the production costs and improving the patient compliance. This review covers the 3D printing concept and discusses the relevance of this technology to the pharmaceutical industry, with a special focus on the development of topical and transdermal products - patches and microneedles. The potential of 3D bioprinting for skin applications is also presented, highlighting the development of patch-like skin constructs for wound and burn treatment, and skin equivalents for in vitro research and drug development. Several recent studies were selected to support the relevance of the subjects addressed herein. Additionally, the limitations of these printing technologies are discussed, including regulatory, quality and safety issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bom
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ana M Martins
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Helena M Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Joana Marto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
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18
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PLGA based film forming systems for superficial fungal infections treatment. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 163:105855. [PMID: 33872699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As proven in clinical trials, superficial fungal infections can be effectively treated by single topical application of terbinafine hydrochloride (Ter-HCl) in a film forming system (FFS). Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) derivatives, originally synthesized with intention to get carriers with optimized properties for drug delivery, and multifunctional plasticizers - ethyl pyruvate, methyl salicylate, or triacetin - were used for formulation of Ter-HCl loaded FFSs. After spraying, a biodegradable, transparent, adhesive, and occlusive thin layer is formed on the skin, representing drug depot. In situ formed films were characterized by thermal, structural, viscoelastic, and antifungal properties as well as drug release and skin penetration. DSC and SEM showed fully amorphous films with Ter-HCl dissolved in PLGA in high concentration (up to 15%). FFSs are viscoelastic fluids with viscosity which can be easily adjusted by the type of plasticizer used and its concentration. The formulations showed excellent bioadhesion properties, thus ensuring persistence on the skin. In situ film based on branched PLGA/A plasticized with 10% of ethyl pyruvate allowed prolonged release of Ter-HCl by linear kinetics for the first 6 days with a total time of almost 14 days. During ex vivo human skin penetration experiment, Ter-HCl was found to be located only in its target layer, the epidermis. According to our results, plasticized branched PLGA derivatives loaded by Ter-HCl are suitable for the development of FFSs for superficial fungal infections treatment.
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Van Bocxlaer K, McArthur KN, Harris A, Alavijeh M, Braillard S, Mowbray CE, Croft SL. Film-Forming Systems for the Delivery of DNDI-0690 to Treat Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:516. [PMID: 33918099 PMCID: PMC8069359 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), parasites reside in the dermis, creating an opportunity for local drug administration potentially reducing adverse effects and improving treatment adherence compared to current therapies. Polymeric film-forming systems (FFSs) are directly applied to the skin and form a thin film as the solvent evaporates. In contrast to conventional topical dosage forms, FFSs strongly adhere to the skin, favouring sustained drug delivery to the affected site, reducing the need for frequent applications, and enhancing patient compliance. This study reports the first investigation of the use of film-forming systems for the delivery of DNDI-0690, a nitroimidazole compound with potent activity against CL-causing Leishmania species. A total of seven polymers with or without plasticiser were evaluated for drying time, stickiness, film-flexibility, and cosmetic attributes; three FFSs yielded a positive evaluation for all test parameters. The impact of each of these FFSs on the permeation of the model skin permeant hydrocortisone (hydrocortisone, 1% (w/v) across the Strat-M membrane was evaluated, and the formulations resulting in the highest and lowest permeation flux (Klucel LF with triethyl citrate and Eudragit RS with dibutyl sebacate, respectively) were selected as the FFS vehicle for DNDI-0690. The release and skin distribution of the drug upon application to Leishmania-infected and uninfected BALB/c mouse skin were examined using Franz diffusion cells followed by an evaluation of the efficacy of both DNDI-0690 FFSs (1% (w/v)) in an experimental CL model. Whereas the Eudragit film resulted in a higher permeation of DNDI-0690, the Klucel film was able to deposit four times more drug into the skin, where the parasite resides. Of the FFSs formulations, only the Eudragit system resulted in a reduced parasite load, but not reduced lesion size, when compared to the vehicle only control. Whereas drug delivery into the skin was successfully modulated using different FFS systems, the FFS systems selected were not effective for the topical application of DNDI-0690. The convenience and aesthetic of FFS systems alongside their ability to modulate drug delivery to and into the skin merit further investigation using other promising antileishmanial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Van Bocxlaer
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Kerri-Nicola McArthur
- Pharmidex Pharmaceutical Services Ltd., London EC2V 8AU, UK; (K.-N.M.); (A.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Andy Harris
- Pharmidex Pharmaceutical Services Ltd., London EC2V 8AU, UK; (K.-N.M.); (A.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Mo Alavijeh
- Pharmidex Pharmaceutical Services Ltd., London EC2V 8AU, UK; (K.-N.M.); (A.H.); (M.A.)
| | - Stéphanie Braillard
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi), 1202 Geneva, Switzerland; (S.B.); (C.E.M.)
| | - Charles E. Mowbray
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi), 1202 Geneva, Switzerland; (S.B.); (C.E.M.)
| | - Simon L. Croft
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK;
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Kausar R, Khan AU, Jamil B, Shahzad Y, ul-Haq I. Development and pharmacological evaluation of vancomycin loaded chitosan films. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 256:117565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Optimization of plant compositions of Trisattakula to maximize antibacterial activity and formulation development of film-forming polymeric solution containing Nigella sativa ethanolic extract. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-021-00546-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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Rosseto HC, de Toledo LDAS, Said dos Santos R, de Francisco LMB, Vecchi CF, Esposito E, Cortesi R, Bruschi ML. Design of propolis-loaded film forming systems for topical administration: The effect of acrylic acid derivative polymers. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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23
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Monica LL, Jordi G, Francisco FC. In situ bioadhesive film-forming system for topical delivery of mometasone furoate: Characterization and biopharmaceutical properties. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Effect of Addition of PVA/PG to Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsion Kojic Monooleate Formulation on Droplet Size: Three-Factors Response Surface Optimization and Characterization. COSMETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics7040073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An oil in water (O/W) nanoemulsion formulation containing kojic monooleate (KMO) in thin film system was developed. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize and analyzed the effect of three variables, namely concentration of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (20–30% w/w), concentration of propylene glycol (PG) (1–10% w/w), and shear rate of high shear homogenizer (3000–9000 rpm) on droplet size as a response, while other compositions remained constant such as KMO (10.0% w/w), Tween 80 (3.19% w/w), castor oil (3.74% w/w), xanthan gum (0.70% w/w), and germall plus (0.7% w/w, PG (and) diazolidinyl urea (and) iodopropynyl butylcarbamate). The optimized KMO nanoemulsion formulation with desirable criteria was PVA (27.61% w/w) and PG (1.05% w/w), and shear rate (8656.17 rpm) with a predicted droplet size (110.21 nm) and actual droplet size (105.93 nm) with a residual standard error (RSE) of less than 2.0% was obtained. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the fitness of the quadratic polynomial fit the experimental data with a F-value of 65.30, p–value of p < 0.0001, and a non-significant lack-of-fit. The optimized KMO formulation shows the desired criteria of the thin film system and the physicochemical properties (Zeta potential −37.37 mV, PDI 0.13, pH 4.74) and stability at four different conditions indicate its suitability for cosmeceutical applications.
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Silva-Alvarez AF, Ferreira MP, Vicentini FTMC, Pedrazzi V, de Freitas O. A New Approach to Ex Vivo Permeation Studies in In-Situ Film-Forming Systems. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:257. [PMID: 32895787 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01799-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest human organ and an important topical route. Even with some challenges, it is an important ally in medication administration, mainly because it is painless and easy-to-apply. Semisolid formulations are the most used dosage forms for drug administration via this delivery route and can be optimized when transformed into a film, favoring on-site maintenance, and promoting drug permeation. However, in situ film-forming systems are difficult to assess and characterize using Franz-type diffusion cells once this apparatus is ideal to formulations without transition phases. The present study proposed a different method to characterize these formulations and provide complementary data on drug and penetration enhancer behaviors, as close as possible to real application conditions. This characterization method allowed us to analyze drug concentration on three necessary occasions: remaining in the polymer film, stratum corneum using adhesive tape, and skin to check where drugs will have a desirable effect. As a proof-of-concept, the proposed ex vivo permeation method was used to evaluate a film-forming system containing lidocaine and prilocaine. We could also evaluate transition phases of drug compositions and quantify drugs at key times after application. Hence, the developed method may be used to provide complementary data to the Franz diffusion cell method, in terms of drug and penetration enhancer behaviors incorporated into film-forming delivery systems.
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Keshavarzi F, Zajforoushan Moghaddam S, Barré Pedersen M, Østergaard Knudsen N, Jafarzadeh S, Thormann E. Water vapor permeation through topical films on a moisture‐releasing skin Model. Skin Res Technol 2020; 27:153-162. [DOI: 10.1111/srt.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Keshavarzi
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark
- Riemann A/S Orkla Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Esben Thormann
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark
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27
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A review of current treatments strategies based on paromomycin for leishmaniasis. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Jain SK, Jain AK, Rajpoot K. Expedition of Eudragit® Polymers in the Development of Novel Drug Delivery Systems. Curr Drug Deliv 2020; 17:448-469. [PMID: 32394836 DOI: 10.2174/1567201817666200512093639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Eudragit® polymer has been widely used in film-coating for enhancing the quality of products over other materials (e.g., shellac or sugar). Eudragit® polymers are obtained synthetically from the esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid. For the last few years, they have shown immense potential in the formulations of conventional, pH-triggered, and novel drug delivery systems for incorporating a vast range of therapeutics including proteins, vitamins, hormones, vaccines, and genes. Different grades of Eudragit® have been used for designing and delivery of therapeutics at a specific site via the oral route, for instance, in stomach-specific delivery, intestinal delivery, colon-specific delivery, mucosal delivery. Further, these polymers have also shown their great aptitude in topical and ophthalmic delivery. Moreover, available literature evidences the promises of distinct Eudragit® polymers for efficient targeting of incorporated drugs to the site of interest. This review summarizes some potential researches that are being conducted by eminent scientists utilizing the distinct grades of Eudragit® polymers for efficient delivery of therapeutics at various sites of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Jain
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur (C.G.) 495 009, India
| | - Akhlesh K Jain
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur (C.G.) 495 009, India
| | - Kuldeep Rajpoot
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur (C.G.) 495 009, India
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Preparation and evaluation of film forming polymeric dispersion containing Centella asiatica extract for skin application. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00451-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Barone A, Mendes M, Cabral C, Mare R, Paolino D, Vitorino C. Hybrid Nanostructured Films for Topical Administration of Simvastatin as Coadjuvant Treatment of Melanoma. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:3396-3407. [PMID: 31201905 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work aims at (1) assessing the potential of repurposing simvastatin (SV) to support the most common therapies against melanoma and (2) developing an innovative topical adhesive film, composed by chitosan-coated nanostructured lipid carriers (Ch-NLC) used as drug vehicle. A factorial design approach was employed as the basis for the formulation development. Optimized Ch-NLC displayed a particle size of 108 ± 1 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.226, a zeta potential of 17.0 ± 0.6 mV, as well as an entrapment efficiency of 99.86 ± 0.08%, and SV loading of 14.99 ± 0.01%. The performance of SV-Ch-NLC films was assessed in terms of release, permeation, and adhesion, as critical quality attributes. Cutaneous tolerability and in vitro cytotoxicity studies were performed to warrant film safety and drug effectiveness, respectively. The topical films provided a sustained release kinetic profile of SV and were classified as nonirritant systems. The encapsulation of SV increased cytotoxicity in melanoma cells. The key role of squalene as nanostructuring agent of the lipid nanoparticle matrix and as permeation enhancer was highlighted, suggesting its key action for potentiating skin permeation and uptake into melanoma cells. Topical SV-Ch-NLC films are thus able to provide an in situ extended drug delivery and useful as coadjuvant treatment of melanoma skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Barone
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Mendes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Célia Cabral
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, CNC.IBILI Consortium & CIBB Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosario Mare
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Donatella Paolino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, Coimbra Chemistry Centre, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Tran TTD, Tran PHL. Controlled Release Film Forming Systems in Drug Delivery: The Potential for Efficient Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E290. [PMID: 31226748 PMCID: PMC6630634 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11060290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite many available approaches for transdermal drug delivery, patient compliance and drug targeting at the desired concentration are still concerns for effective therapies. Precise and efficient film-forming systems provide great potential for controlling drug delivery through the skin with the combined advantages of films and hydrogels. The associated disadvantages of both systems (films and hydrogels) will be overcome in film-forming systems. Different strategies have been designed to control drug release through the skin, including changes to film-forming polymers, plasticizers, additives or even model drugs in formulations. In the current review, we aim to discuss the recent advances in film-forming systems to provide the principles and review the methods of these systems as applied to controlled drug release. Advances in the design of film-forming systems open a new generation of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao T D Tran
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Wang L, Liu X. Sustained Release Technology and Its Application in Environmental Remediation: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2153. [PMID: 31216688 PMCID: PMC6617011 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Sustained release technology is a class of technology characterized by slowly-releasing specific active substances into a target medium to keep a certain concentration in the system within valid time. As a new of type technology, it has been extensively applied to medicine, chemical engineering, agriculture, environmental protection, etc. The principles and classification of sustained release technologies, as well as typical preparation methods of sustained release agents, were summarized in this paper; by introducing applied research progress of sustained release technologies into environmental fields like rainwater purification, sewage/drinking water treatment, and soil and atmosphere remediation, application features of these sustained release technologies were evaluated, and their application prospect in environmental remediation, especially in water treatment, was predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- Environmental Engineering, Jiyang College of Zhejiang A & F University, Zhuji 311800, China.
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Institute of Water Resources & Ocean Engineering, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Institute of Municipal Engineering, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Abstract
AIM We compared the performances of two different commercial products both based on betamethasone and an antibiotic but using different pharmaceutical vehicles: a polymer and lipid-enriched cream and a conventional oil-in-water emulsion. METHODOLOGY Evaluation was conducted on a reconstructed human epidermis model. Moreover, skin barrier properties and cutaneous hydration of the two vehicles were evaluated on 20 human healthy volunteers. RESULTS Overall, the polymer and lipid-enriched formulation works as a film-forming product that retains the therapeutic agent for a long time, ensuring its penetration and absorption through the skin, and promoting skin hydration. CONCLUSION The above characteristics are useful in the clinical setting, especially in the context of eczematous diseases with a strong xerotic component.
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Gennari CGM, Selmin F, Minghetti P, Cilurzo F. Medicated Foams and Film Forming Dosage Forms as Tools to Improve the Thermodynamic Activity of Drugs to be Administered Through the Skin. Curr Drug Deliv 2019; 16:461-471. [PMID: 30657040 PMCID: PMC6637090 DOI: 10.2174/1567201816666190118124439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Medicated foams and film forming systems are dosage forms formulated to undergo a con-trolled metamorphosis when applied on the skin. Indeed, due to the presence of propellant or a particular air-spray foam pump, a liquid can generate foam when applied on the stratum corneum, or a liquid or conventional dosage form can form on the skin a continuous film as a consequence of the solvent evapora-tion. Thanks to these controlled modifications, the drug thermodynamic activity increases favoring the skin penetration and, therefore, the bioavailability with respect to conventional semi-solid and liquid dosage forms. Furthermore, the available clinical data also evidence that these dosage forms improve the patient’s compliance. The main formulative aspects of medicated foams and film forming systems are reviewed with the aim to underline the possible advantages in terms of biopharmaceutical performances and pa-tient’s adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara G M Gennari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo, 71 - 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Selmin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo, 71 - 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Minghetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo, 71 - 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Cilurzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G. Colombo, 71 - 20133 Milan, Italy
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Treatment With Topical Deferoxamine Improves Cutaneous Vascularity and Tissue Pliability in an Irradiated Animal Model of Tissue Expander–Based Breast Reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg 2019; 82:104-109. [DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000001655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nasr M, Karandikar H, Abdel-Aziz RTA, Moftah N, Paradkar A. Novel nicotinamide skin-adhesive hot melt extrudates for treatment of acne. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2018; 15:1165-1173. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1546287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maha Nasr
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Engineering Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan
| | | | - Rasha T. A. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Dermatology, STDs & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Minya University, Al-Minya, Egypt
| | - Noha Moftah
- Department of Dermatology, STDs & Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Minya University, Al-Minya, Egypt
| | - Anant Paradkar
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Engineering Science, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
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Üstündağ Okur N, Filippousi M, Okur ME, Ayla Ş, Çağlar EŞ, Yoltaş A, Siafaka PI. A novel approach for skin infections: Controlled release topical mats of poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene succinate) blends containing Voriconazole. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Monton C, Luprasong C, Suksaeree J, Songsak T. Validated high performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous determination of stability of madecassoside and asiaticoside in film forming polymeric dispersions. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Khattab A, Shalaby S. Optimized Ciclopirox-Based Eudragit RLPO Nail Lacquer: Effect of Endopeptidase Enzyme as Permeation Enhancer on Transungual Drug Delivery and Efficiency Against Onychomycosis. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:1048-1060. [PMID: 29138987 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0917-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of our investigation were to develop and optimize ciclopirox (CPX) nail lacquer using nonbiodegradable Eudragit RLPO (E-RLPO) as a film former and to assess its penetration efficiency across the human nail plate. Preliminary trials such as hydration enhancement factor (HEF), a retained drug in the nail plate, and SEM were studied to select the optimized permeation enhancer to be incorporated in the optimized lacquer formulation. A 33 full factorial design was built up to study the effect of three different factors, concentration of E-RLPO (10, 20, and 30%), Tween 80 (0.25, 0.5, and 1%), and triacetin (0, 10, and 30% of polymer weight). The studied responses were the drying time, water resistance, viscosity, and drug release up to 4 h. An ex vivo permeation study for the optimized formulations was carried out. The preliminary study aided the selection of 5% papain (endopeptidase enzyme) as a penetration enhancer; it showed the highest HEF of 15.27%, the highest amount of drug retained in the nail plate (886.2 μg/g). An ex vivo permeation study guided the selection of F4B (flux value of 3.79 μg/cm2/h) as optimized formulation. The optimized lacquer formula showed threefold increases in the permeation than the marketed CPX lacquer (Batrafen®). Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed the higher intensity of the Rhodamine B dye across the nail plate in the case of the formula containing papain than the marketed formula without papain. Conclusively, an efficient and stable nail lacquer was developed for potential transungual delivery of CPX to target the drug to the nail bed and ensure efficiency against onychomycosis.
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40
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Pantelić I, Savić S, Milić J, Vuleta G. Film-forming materials in contemporary formulations of cosmetic products. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2018. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm1801046p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Kurohane K, Kimura A, Terasawa R, Kobayashi K, Suzuki W, Matsuoka T, Imai Y. An Aliphatic Ester Diisopropyl Sebacate Exhibited an Adjuvant Effect on Fluorescein Isothiocyanate-Induced Contact Hypersensitivity Mouse Models. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:147-150. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohta Kurohane
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Ayako Kimura
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Rie Terasawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Kamiyu Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Wakana Suzuki
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Takeshi Matsuoka
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Yasuyuki Imai
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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42
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A glimpse in critical attributes to design cutaneous film forming systems based on ammonium methacrylate. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Froelich A, Osmałek T, Snela A, Kunstman P, Jadach B, Olejniczak M, Roszak G, Białas W. Novel microemulsion-based gels for topical delivery of indomethacin: Formulation, physicochemical properties and in vitro drug release studies. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 507:323-336. [PMID: 28806653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Microemulsion-based semisolid systems may be considered as an interesting alternative to the traditional dosage forms applied in topical drug delivery. Mechanical properties of topical products are important both in terms of application and dosage form effectiveness. In this study we designed and evaluated novel microemulsion-based gels with indomethacin and analyzed the factors affecting their mechanical characteristics and drug release. EXPERIMENTS The impact of the microemulsion composition on the extent of isotropic region was investigated with the use of pseudoternary phase diagrams. Selected microemulsions were analyzed in terms of electrical conductivity and surface tension in order to determine the microemulsion type. Microemulsions were transformed into polymer-based gels and subjected to rheological and textural studies. Finally, the indomethacin release from the analyzed gels was studied and compared to commercially available product. FINDINGS The extent of isotropic domain in pseudoternary phase diagrams seems to be dependent on the polarity of the oil phase. The surface tension and conductivity monitored as a function of water content in microemulsion systems revealed possible structural transformations from w/o through bicontinuous systems into o/w. The mechanical properties of semisolid microemulsion-based systems depended on the composition of surface active agents and the drug presence. The drug release profiles observed in the case of the investigated gels differed from those recorded for the commercially available product which was most probably caused by the different structure of both systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Froelich
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, ul. Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Osmałek
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, ul. Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Snela
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, ul. Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Kunstman
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, ul. Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Barbara Jadach
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, ul. Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Olejniczak
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, ul. Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Roszak
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, ul. Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Białas
- Poznan University of Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, ul. Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
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Kathe K, Kathpalia H. Film forming systems for topical and transdermal drug delivery. Asian J Pharm Sci 2017; 12:487-497. [PMID: 32104362 PMCID: PMC7032117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin is considered as an important route of administration of drugs for both local and systemic effects. The effectiveness of topical therapy depends on the physicochemical properties of the drug and adherence of the patient to the treatment regimen as well as the system's ability to adhere to skin during the therapy so as to promote drug penetration through the skin barrier. Conventional formulations for topical and dermatological administration of drugs have certain limitations like poor adherence to skin, poor permeability and compromised patient compliance. For the treatment of diseases of body tissues and wounds, the drug has to be maintained at the site of treatment for an effective period of time. Topical film forming systems are such developing drug delivery systems meant for topical application to the skin, which adhere to the body, forming a thin transparent film and provide delivery of the active ingredients to the body tissue. These are intended for skin application as emollient or protective and for local action or transdermal penetration of medicament for systemic action. The transparency is an appreciable feature of this polymeric system which greatly influences the patient acceptance. In the current discussion, the film forming systems are described as a promising choice for topical and transdermal drug delivery. Further the various types of film forming systems (sprays/solutions, gels and emulsions) along with their evaluation parameters have also been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashmira Kathe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vivekanand Education Society's College of Pharmacy, Chembur, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400074, India
| | - Harsha Kathpalia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vivekanand Education Society's College of Pharmacy, Chembur, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400074, India
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Edwards A, Qi S, Liu F, Brown M, McAuley W. Rationalising polymer selection for supersaturated film forming systems produced by an aerosol spray for the transdermal delivery of methylphenidate. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 114:164-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mandapalli PK, Labala S, Jose A, Bhatnagar S, Janupally R, Sriram D, Venuganti VVK. Layer-by-Layer Thin Films for Co-Delivery of TGF-β siRNA and Epidermal Growth Factor to Improve Excisional Wound Healing. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:809-820. [PMID: 27350274 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-016-0571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The major challenge with treatment of dermal wounds is accelerating healing process, while preventing the scar formation. Herein, we have fabricated layer-by-layer (LbL) polyelectrolyte multilayer films containing epidermal growth factor (EGF) and TGF-β siRNA to improve excisional wound healing and decrease scar formation. The chitosan and sodium alginate LbL thin films showed 13.0 MPa tensile strength and 2.22 N/cm2 skin adhesion strength. The LbL thin films were found to be cytocompatible, where A431 epidermal keratinocytes adhered to the film and showed 86.2 ± 0.8% cell growth compared with cells cultured in the absence of LbL thin film. In contrast, LbL thin film did not promote the Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacterial colony formation. In a C57BL/6 mouse excisional wound model, application of LbL thin films containing TGF-β siRNA significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the TGF-β protein expression and collagen production. The LbL thin films containing EGF showed improved wound contraction (<9 days post excision). The co-delivery of TGF-β siRNA and EGF using LbL thin films resulted in accelerated wound healing and decreased collagen deposition. Furthermore, the LbL thin films with TGF-β siRNA and EGF combination showed greater reepithelialization. Taken together, we have successfully demonstrated the co-delivery of TGF-β siRNA and EGF peptide using LbL thin films to promote wound healing and decrease scar formation.
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Pinto IC, Cerqueira-Coutinho C, Freitas ZMFD, Santos EPD, Carmo FAD, Ricci Junior E. Development and validation of an analytical method using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to determine ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate in topical repellent formulations. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902017000216033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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48
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Effect of Film-Forming Polymers on Release of Naftifine Hydrochloride from Nail Lacquers. INT J POLYM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/1476270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The successful topical therapy of onychomycosis depends on effective drug release and penetration into nail, which can be achieved by using an adequately developed delivery system. This study evaluated and compared effect of film-forming polymers Eudragit RL100, Eudragit RS100, and ethyl cellulose on naftifine hydrochloride release from experimental nail lacquer formulations. Quality of formulations was evaluated by determining drying time and water resistance. Interactions between active pharmaceutical ingredient and excipients were investigated using microcalorimetry and FT-IR. Optimization of nail lacquer formulations was performed by naftifine hydrochloride release testing. Release of naftifine hydrochloride increased with increasing concentration of Eudragit RL100. Plasticizer triacetin affected the release of naftifine hydrochloride, when Eudragit RS100 polymer was used. Ethyl cellulose polymer was determined to be not applicable for naftifine hydrochloride nail lacquer formulations. Two compositions of nail lacquers were optimized and could be used in further development of transungual delivery systems.
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49
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Lucero M, Ferris C, Sánchez-Gutiérrez C, Jiménez-Castellanos M, de-Paz MV. Novel aqueous chitosan-based dispersions as efficient drug delivery systems for topical use. Rheological, textural and release studies. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 151:692-699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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50
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ABBAS MALI, BAI YQ, RASHIDI MM, BHATTI MM. APPLICATION OF DRUG DELIVERY IN MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS PERISTALTIC BLOOD FLOW OF NANOFLUID IN A NON-UNIFORM CHANNEL. J MECH MED BIOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519416500524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we have studied the application of drug delivery in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) peristaltic blood flow of nanofluid in a non-uniform channel. The governing equation of motion and nanoparticles are modeled under the consideration of creeping flow and long wavelength. The resulting non-linear coupled differential equation is solved with the help of perturbation. Numerical Integration has been used to obtain the results for pressure rise and friction forces. The impact of various pertinent parameters on temperature profile, concentration profile such as density Grashof number, thermal Grashof number, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis parameter and MHD is demonstrated mathematically and graphically. The present analysis is also applicable for three-dimensional profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. ALI ABBAS
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Y. Q. BAI
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - M. M. RASHIDI
- Shanghai Key Lab of Vehicle Aerodynamics and Vehicle Thermal Management Systems, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, P. R. China
- ENN-Tongji Clean Energy Institute of Advanced Studies, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - M. M. BHATTI
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai University, Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
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