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Birch D, Sayers EJ, Christensen MV, Jones AT, Franzyk H, Nielsen HM. Stereoisomer-Dependent Membrane Association and Capacity for Insulin Delivery Facilitated by Penetratin. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1672. [PMID: 37376119 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), such as penetratin, are often investigated as drug delivery vectors and incorporating d-amino acids, rather than the natural l-forms, to enhance proteolytic stability could improve their delivery efficiency. The present study aimed to compare membrane association, cellular uptake, and delivery capacity for all-l and all-d enantiomers of penetratin (PEN) by using different cell models and cargos. The enantiomers displayed widely different distribution patterns in the examined cell models, and in Caco-2 cells, quenchable membrane binding was evident for d-PEN in addition to vesicular intracellular localization for both enantiomers. The uptake of insulin in Caco-2 cells was equally mediated by the two enantiomers, and while l-PEN did not increase the transepithelial permeation of any of the investigated cargo peptides, d-PEN increased the transepithelial delivery of vancomycin five-fold and approximately four-fold for insulin at an extracellular apical pH of 6.5. Overall, while d-PEN was associated with the plasma membrane to a larger extent and was superior in mediating the transepithelial delivery of hydrophilic peptide cargoes compared to l-PEN across Caco-2 epithelium, no enhanced delivery of the hydrophobic cyclosporin was observed, and intracellular insulin uptake was induced to a similar degree by the two enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ditlev Birch
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery (BioDelivery), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Edward J Sayers
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Malene V Christensen
- Cancer and Infectious Diseases, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arwyn T Jones
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Henrik Franzyk
- Cancer and Infectious Diseases, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne M Nielsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery (BioDelivery), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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2
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Kamei N, Hashimoto A, Tanaka E, Murata K, Yamaguchi M, Yokoyama N, Kato M, Oki K, Saito T, Saido TC, Takeda-Morishita M. Therapeutic effects of anti-amyloid β antibody after intravenous injection and efficient nose-to-brain delivery in Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:2667-2677. [PMID: 35015254 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01117-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antibody drugs that target amyloid β (Aβ) are considered possible treatments for Alzheimer's disease; however, most have been dropped from clinical trials. We hypothesized that administration route for antiAβ antibody (AntiAβ) might affect its therapeutic potential and thus compared delivery of antibodies to the brain and their effect on cognitive dysfunction and amyloid disposition via intravenous (i.v.) and intranasal routes with and without the cell-penetrating peptide, L-penetratin. We demonstrated that intranasal administration with L-penetratin more efficiently delivered human immunoglobulin G (IgG), a model molecule for AntiAβ, to the brain compared with i.v. injection. We found that multiple intranasal treatments with Alexa 594-labeled AntiAβ (A594-AntiAβ) with L-penetratin significantly improved learning by mice with aged amyloid precursor protein (APP) knock-in (App KI mice). Further, intranasal administration of A594-AntiAβ increased the amount of soluble Aβ (1-42) in the brain, suggesting suppression of Aβ aggregation in insoluble form and involvement of activated microglia in Aβ clearance. Thus, administration route may be critical for efficient delivery of AntiAβ to the brain, and the nose-to-brain delivery with L-penetratin can maximize its therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyasu Kamei
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan.
| | - Ayaka Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Erina Tanaka
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Kaho Murata
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Maika Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Natsuki Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kato
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Keisuke Oki
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan.,Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mariko Takeda-Morishita
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
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3
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Poudwal S, Misra A, Shende P. Role of lipid nanocarriers for enhancing oral absorption and bioavailability of insulin and GLP-1 receptor agonists. J Drug Target 2021; 29:834-847. [PMID: 33620269 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1894434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Growing demand for insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) is observed, considering the progressive nature of diabetes and the potential therapeutic role of peptides in its treatment. However, chronic parenteral administration is responsible for pain and rashes at the site of injection. Oral delivery of insulin and GLP-1 RA promises better patient compliance owing to their ease of administration and reduction in chances of peripheral hypoglycaemia and weight gain. The review article discusses the potential of lipid carriers in combination with different strategies such as absorption enhancers, PEGylation, lipidisation, etc. The lipid nanocarriers improve the membrane permeability and oral bioavailability of high molecular weight peptides. Additionally, the clinical status of different nanocarriers for anti-diabetic peptides is discussed. Previous research on nanocarriers showed significant hypoglycaemic activity and safety in animal studies; however, extrapolation of the same in human subjects is not validated. With the rising global burden of diabetes, the lipid nanocarriers show the potential to revolutionise treatment with oral delivery of insulin and GLP-1 RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapna Poudwal
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| | - Ambikanandan Misra
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, Dhule, India
| | - Pravin Shende
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, Mumbai, India
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Kristensen M, Guldsmed Diedrichsen R, Vetri V, Foderà V, Mørck Nielsen H. Increased Carrier Peptide Stability through pH Adjustment Improves Insulin and PTH(1-34) Delivery In Vitro and In Vivo Rather than by Enforced Carrier Peptide-Cargo Complexation. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E993. [PMID: 33092079 PMCID: PMC7589992 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral delivery of therapeutic peptides is hampered by their large molecular size and labile nature, thus limiting their permeation across the intestinal epithelium. Promising approaches to overcome the latter include co-administration with carrier peptides. In this study, the cell-penetrating peptide penetratin was employed to investigate effects of co-administration with insulin and the pharmacologically active part of parathyroid hormone (PTH(1-34)) at pH 5, 6.5, and 7.4 with respect to complexation, enzymatic stability, and transepithelial permeation of the therapeutic peptide in vitro and in vivo. Complex formation between insulin or PTH(1-34) and penetratin was pH-dependent. Micron-sized complexes dominated in the samples prepared at pH-values at which penetratin interacts electrostatically with the therapeutic peptide. The association efficiency was more pronounced between insulin and penetratin than between PTH(1-34) and penetratin. Despite the high degree of complexation, penetratin retained its membrane activity when applied to liposomal structures. The enzymatic stability of penetratin during incubation on polarized Caco-2 cell monolayers was pH-dependent with a prolonged half-live determined at pH 5 when compared to pH 6.5 and 7.4. Also, the penetratin-mediated transepithelial permeation of insulin and PTH(1-34) was increased in vitro and in vivo upon lowering the sample pH from 7.4 or 6.5 to 5. Thus, the formation of penetratin-cargo complexes with several molecular entities is not prerequisite for penetratin-mediated transepithelial permeation a therapeutic peptide. Rather, a sample pH, which improves the penetratin stability, appears to optimize the penetratin-mediated transepithelial permeation of insulin and PTH(1-34).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Kristensen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.G.D.); (V.F.)
| | - Ragna Guldsmed Diedrichsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.G.D.); (V.F.)
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Valeria Vetri
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed. 18, IT-90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Vito Foderà
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.G.D.); (V.F.)
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (R.G.D.); (V.F.)
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and Biobarriers in Drug Delivery, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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5
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Kamei N, Kawano S, Abe R, Hirano S, Ogino H, Tamiwa H, Takeda-Morishita M. Effects of intestinal luminal contents and the importance of microfold cells on the ability of cell-penetrating peptides to enhance epithelial permeation of insulin. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 155:77-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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Evaluation of Cell-Penetrating Peptides as Versatile, Effective Absorption Enhancers: Relation to Molecular Weight and Inherent Epithelial Drug Permeability. Pharm Res 2020; 37:182. [PMID: 32888051 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02874-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The poor permeability of new drug candidates across intestinal epithelial membranes complicates their development in oral form. This study investigated the potential of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) to improve the intestinal permeation and absorption of low-permeable low-molecular-weight (low-MW) drugs. METHODS The in vitro epithelial permeation of six different drugs (metformin, risedronate, zanamivir, methotrexate [MTX], tacrolimus, and vincristine [VCR]) across Caco-2 cell monolayers was examined in the presence and absence of L- or D-penetratin, and the correlation between permeation enhancement efficiency and the properties of tested drugs was analyzed. In addition, a rat closed ileal loop absorption study was conducted to determine the in vivo effects of penetratin. RESULTS MTX and VCR efficiently permeated Caco-2 monolayers in the presence of L- and D-penetratin, suggesting that CPPs enhanced the epithelial permeation of drugs with relatively high molecular weight and resultant limited intrinsic permeability. The in vivo rat closed ileal loop absorption study revealed the stimulatory effect of L- and D-penetratin on the intestinal absorption of MTX and VCR. CONCLUSIONS CPPs are useful as oral absorption enhancers for low-permeable drugs.
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Alsulays BB, Anwer MK, Soliman GA, Alshehri SM, Khafagy ES. Impact Of Penetratin Stereochemistry On The Oral Bioavailability Of Insulin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:9127-9138. [PMID: 31819423 PMCID: PMC6883942 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s225086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study evaluated the stereoisomeric effect of L- and D-penetratin—cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs)—incorporated insulin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (INS-SLNs) on the bioavailability (BA) of oral insulin (INS). Methods Insulin-loaded solid nanoparticles, L-penetratin-INS-SLNs (LP-INS-SLNs), and D-penetratin-INS-SLNs (DP-INS-SLNs) were formulated by double emulsification. The developed SLNs were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential (ZP), and drug encapsulation and subjected to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and evaluated for stability against enzymatic degradation in rat intestinal fluid. Finally, the SLNs were administered to rats to evaluate the BA of INS-SLNs that contained L- and D-penetratin. Results The mean particle size, PDI, and ZP values of INS-SLNs, LP-INS-SLNs, and DP-INS-SLNs ranged from 618.5 to 973.0 nm, 0.227 to 0.734, and −17.0 to −23.7 mV, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency (%EE) and drug loading (%DL) of INS-SLNs, LP-INS-SLNs, and DP-INS-SLNs ranged from 59.03% to 67.42% and from 1.62% to 1.82%, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry and FTIR analyses indicated that INS was successfully encapsulated in SLNs. Enzymatic degradation of DP-INS-SLNs was slower in intestinal fluid, and the half-life (t1/2) was significantly prolonged, compared to all other SLNs. The pharmacological availability (PA) and BA of orally administered LP-INS-SLNs, which were the most effective SLNs, were 13.1% and 15.7% relative to s.c. administration, respectively. Conclusion Penetratin stereochemistry significantly impacted oral BA of INS-SLNs, which are promising carriers for oral INS administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader B Alsulays
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12211, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan M Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 415-22, Egypt
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8
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Hydrophobic Amino Acid Tryptophan Shows Promise as a Potential Absorption Enhancer for Oral Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10040182. [PMID: 30308982 PMCID: PMC6321321 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have great potential to efficiently deliver drug cargos across cell membranes without cytotoxicity. Cationic arginine and hydrophobic tryptophan have been reported to be key component amino acids for cellular internalization of CPPs. We recently found that l-arginine could increase the oral delivery of insulin in its single amino acid form. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the ability of another key amino acid, tryptophan, to enhance the intestinal absorption of biopharmaceuticals. We demonstrated that co-administration with l-tryptophan significantly facilitated the oral and intestinal absorption of the peptide drug insulin administered to rats. Furthermore, l-tryptophan exhibited the ability to greatly enhance the intestinal absorption of other peptide drugs such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), its analog Exendin-4 and macromolecular hydrophilic dextrans with molecular weights ranging from 4000 to 70,000 g/mol. However, no intermolecular interaction between insulin and l-tryptophan was observed and no toxic alterations to epithelial cellular integrity-such as changes to cell membranes, cell viability, or paracellular tight junctions-were found. This suggests that yet to be discovered inherent biological mechanisms are involved in the stimulation of insulin absorption by co-administration with l-tryptophan. These results are the first to demonstrate the significant potential of using the single amino acid l-tryptophan as an effective and versatile bioavailability enhancer for the oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals.
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9
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Birch D, Diedrichsen RG, Christophersen PC, Mu H, Nielsen HM. Evaluation of drug permeation under fed state conditions using mucus-covered Caco-2 cell epithelium. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Stereochemistry as a determining factor for the effect of a cell-penetrating peptide on cellular viability and epithelial integrity. Biochem J 2018; 475:1773-1788. [PMID: 29686042 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) comprise efficient peptide-based delivery vectors. Owing to the inherent poor enzymatic stability of peptides, CPPs displaying partial or full replacement of l-amino acids with the corresponding d-amino acids might possess advantages as delivery vectors. Thus, the present study aims to elucidate the membrane- and metabolism-associated effects of l-Penetratin (l-PEN) and its corresponding all-d analog (d-PEN). These effects were investigated when exerted on hepatocellular (HepG2) or intestinal (Caco-2 and IEC-6) cell culture models. The head-to-head comparison of these enantiomeric CPPs included evaluation of their effects on cell viability and morphology, epithelial membrane integrity, and cellular ultrastructure. In all investigated cell models, a rapid decrease in cell viability, pronounced membrane perturbation and an altered ultrastructure were detected upon exposure to d-PEN. At equimolar concentrations, these observations were less pronounced or even absent for cells exposed to l-PEN. Both CPPs remained stable for at least 2 h during exposure to proliferating cells (cultured for 24 h), although d-PEN exhibited a longer half-life when compared with that of l-PEN when exposed to well-differentiated cell monolayers (cultured for 18-20 days). Thus, the stereochemistry of the CPP penetratin significantly influences its effects on cell viability and epithelial integrity when profiled against a panel of mammalian cells.
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Gaowa A, Horibe T, Kohno M, Kawakami K. Bile Acid as an Effective Absorption Enhancer for Oral Delivery of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Targeted Hybrid Peptide. J Pharm Sci 2018; 107:1322-1329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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12
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Kristensen M, Nielsen LH, Zor K, Boisen A, Christensen MV, Berthelsen J, Mørck Nielsen H. Cellular Effects and Delivery Propensity of Penetratin Is Influenced by Conjugation to Parathyroid Hormone Fragment 1-34 in Synergy with pH. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:371-381. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Line Hagner Nielsen
- Department
of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads 345C, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kinga Zor
- Department
of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads 345C, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anja Boisen
- Department
of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads 345C, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Jens Berthelsen
- Department
of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health
and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kamei N, Shigei C, Hasegawa R, Takeda-Morishita M. Exploration of the Key Factors for Optimizing the in Vivo Oral Delivery of Insulin by Using a Noncovalent Strategy with Cell-Penetrating Peptides. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:239-246. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyasu Kamei
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Chikako Shigei
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Ryota Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Mariko Takeda-Morishita
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
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14
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Birch D, Christensen MV, Staerk D, Franzyk H, Nielsen HM. Fluorophore labeling of a cell-penetrating peptide induces differential effects on its cellular distribution and affects cell viability. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:2483-2494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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15
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Novel strategies in the oral delivery of antidiabetic peptide drugs - Insulin, GLP 1 and its analogs. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 115:257-267. [PMID: 28336368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As diabetes is a complex disorder being a major cause of mortality and morbidity in epidemic rates, continuous research has been done on new drug types and administration routes. Up to now, a large number of therapeutic peptides have been produced to treat diabetes including insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its analogs. The most common route of administration of these antidiabetic peptides is parenteral. Due to several drawbacks associated with this invasive route, delivery of these antidiabetic peptides by the oral route has been a goal of pharmaceutical technology for many decades. Dosage form development should focus on overcoming the limitations facing oral peptides delivery as degradation by proteolytic enzymes and poor absorption in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This review focuses on currently developed strategies to improve oral bioavailability of these peptide based drugs; evaluating their advantages and limitations in addition to discussing future perspectives on oral peptides delivery. Depending on the previous reports and papers, the area of nanocarriers systems including polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, liposomes and micelles seem to be the most promising strategy that could be applied for successful oral peptides delivery; but still further potential attempts are required to be able to achieve the FDA approved oral antidiabetic peptide delivery system.
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Liu W, Pan H, Zhang C, Zhao L, Zhao R, Zhu Y, Pan W. Developments in Methods for Measuring the Intestinal Absorption of Nanoparticle-Bound Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071171. [PMID: 27455239 PMCID: PMC4964542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, novel drug delivery systems comprising orally administered nanoparticles (NPs) have been paid increasing attention in recent years. The bioavailability of orally administered drugs has significant influence on drug efficacy and therapeutic dosage, and it is therefore imperative that the intestinal absorption of oral NPs be investigated. This review examines the various literature on the oral absorption of polymeric NPs, and provides an overview of the intestinal absorption models that have been developed for the study of oral nanoparticles. Three major categories of models including a total of eight measurement methods are described in detail (in vitro: dialysis bag, rat gut sac, Ussing chamber, cell culture model; in situ: intestinal perfusion, intestinal loops, intestinal vascular cannulation; in vivo: the blood/urine drug concentration method), and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are contrasted and elucidated. In general, in vitro and in situ methods are relatively convenient but lack accuracy, while the in vivo method is troublesome but can provide a true reflection of drug absorption in vivo. This review summarizes the development of intestinal absorption experiments in recent years and provides a reference for the systematic study of the intestinal absorption of nanoparticle-bound drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Hao Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK.
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Liling Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Ruixia Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Yongtao Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Weisan Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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17
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Kristensen M, Birch D, Mørck Nielsen H. Applications and Challenges for Use of Cell-Penetrating Peptides as Delivery Vectors for Peptide and Protein Cargos. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E185. [PMID: 26840305 PMCID: PMC4783919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrophilic nature of peptides and proteins renders them impermeable to cell membranes. Thus, in order to successfully deliver peptide and protein-based therapeutics across the plasma membrane or epithelial and endothelial barriers, a permeation enhancing strategy must be employed. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) constitute a promising tool and have shown applications for peptide and protein delivery into cells as well as across various epithelia and the blood-brain barrier (BBB). CPP-mediated delivery of peptides and proteins may be pursued via covalent conjugation of the CPP to the cargo peptide or protein or via physical complexation obtained by simple bulk-mixing of the CPP with its cargo. Both approaches have their pros and cons, and which is the better choice likely relates to the physicochemical properties of the CPP and its cargo as well as the route of administration, the specific barrier and the target cell. Besides the physical barrier, a metabolic barrier must be taken into consideration when applying peptide-based delivery vectors, such as the CPPs, and stability-enhancing strategies are commonly employed to prolong the CPP half-life. The mechanisms by which CPPs translocate cell membranes are believed to involve both endocytosis and direct translocation, but are still widely investigated and discussed. The fact that multiple factors influence the mechanisms responsible for cellular CPP internalization and the lack of sensitive methods for detection of the CPP, and in some cases the cargo, further complicates the design and conduction of conclusive mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Kristensen
- Section for Biologics, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ditlev Birch
- Section for Biologics, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Section for Biologics, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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18
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Khafagy ES, Iwamae R, Kamei N, Takeda-Morishita M. Region-Dependent Role of Cell-Penetrating Peptides in Insulin Absorption Across the Rat Small Intestinal Membrane. AAPS JOURNAL 2015. [PMID: 26216471 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-015-9804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We have reported that the cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) penetratin acts as a potential absorption enhancer in oral insulin delivery systems and that this action occurs through noncovalent intermolecular interactions. However, the region-dependent role of CPPs in intestinal insulin absorption has not been clarified. To identify the intestinal region where CPPs have the most effect in increasing insulin absorption, the region-dependent action of penetratin was investigated using in situ closed intestinal loops in rats. The order of the insulin area under the insulin concentration-time curve (AUC) increase effect by L-penetratin was ileum > jejunum > duodenum > colon. By contrast, the AUC order after coadministration of insulin with D-penetratin was colon > duodenum ≥ jejunum and ileum. We also compared the effects of the L- and D-forms of penetratin, R8, and PenetraMax on ileal insulin absorption. Along with the CPPs used in this study, L- and D-PenetraMax produced the largest insulin AUCs. An absorption study using ilea pretreated with CPPs showed that PenetraMax had no irreversible effect on the intestinal epithelial membrane. The degradation of insulin in the presence of CPPs was assessed in rat intestinal enzymatic fluid. The half-life (t 1/2) of insulin increased from 14.5 to 23.7 and 184.7 min in the presence of L- and D-PenetraMax, respectively. These enzymatic degradation-resistant effects might contribute partly to the increased ileal absorption of insulin induced by D-PenetraMax. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the ability of the L- and D-forms of penetratin to increase intestinal insulin absorption was maximal in the ileum and the colon, respectively, and that D-PenetraMax is a powerful but transient enhancer of oral insulin absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed Khafagy
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 415-22, Egypt
| | - Ruisha Iwamae
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Kamei
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Mariko Takeda-Morishita
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan.
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