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Biswas AA, Dhondale MR, Agrawal AK, Serrano DR, Mishra B, Kumar D. Advancements in microneedle fabrication techniques: artificial intelligence assisted 3D-printing technology. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:1458-1479. [PMID: 38218999 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) are micron-scale needles that are a painless alternative to injections for delivering drugs through the skin. MNs find applications as biosensing devices and could serve as real-time diagnosis tools. There have been numerous fabrication techniques employed for producing quality MN-based systems, prominent among them is the three-dimensional (3D) printing. 3D printing enables the production of quality MNs of tuneable characteristics using a variety of materials. Further, the possible integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) with 3D printing makes it an indispensable tool for fabricating microneedles. Provided that these AI tools can be trained and act with minimal human intervention to control the quality of products produced, there is also a possibility of mass production of MNs using these tools in the future. This work reviews the specific role of AI in the 3D printing of MN-based devices discussing the use of AI in predicting drug release patterns, its role as a quality control tool, and in predicting the biomarker levels. Additionally, the autonomous 3D printing of microneedles using an integrated system of the internet of things (IoT) and machine learning (ML) is discussed in brief. Different categories of machine learning including supervised learning, semi-supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforced learning have been discussed in brief. Lastly, a brief section is dedicated to the biosensing applications of MN-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj A Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, India
| | - Madhukiran R Dhondale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, India
| | - Ashish K Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Brahmeshwar Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, India.
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2
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Zhang Q, Liu X, He J. Applications and prospects of microneedles in tumor drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3336-3355. [PMID: 38501172 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02646a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
As drug delivery devices, microneedles are used widely in the local administration of various drugs. Such drug-loaded microneedles are minimally invasive, almost painless, and have high drug delivery efficiency. In recent decades, with advancements in microneedle technology, an increasing number of adaptive, engineered, and intelligent microneedles have been designed to meet increasing clinical needs. This article summarizes the types, preparation materials, and preparation methods of microneedles, as well as the latest research progress in the application of microneedles in tumor drug delivery. This article also discusses the current challenges and improvement strategies in the use of microneedles for tumor drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
| | - Xiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
| | - Jian He
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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3
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Zhang L, Xiu X, Li Z, Su R, Li X, Ma S, Ma F. Coated Porous Microneedles for Effective Intradermal Immunization with Split Influenza Vaccine. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:6880-6890. [PMID: 37967566 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
In order to alleviate the pain associated with subcutaneous injections, microneedles (MNs) are gaining increasing attention as a novel transdermal drug delivery modality. Among them, porous microneedles (pMNs) are particularly suitable for the delivery of drugs and vaccines whose activity is sensitive to the microneedle preparation process. They can carry drugs actively to achieve an effective load and deliver drugs into the skin. In this study, the biocompatible cellulose acetate (CA) microporous MNs with a large pore size of 1.13 μm ± 0.45 and a high porosity of 74.8% ± 2.8% were prepared by using a safe nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) method. The MN patches prepared after adsorption of appropriate concentrations of split influenza vaccine fully met the dose loading requirements. A biocompatible carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution was used in the pMN coating to strengthen their mechanical properties, with an average maximum stress of 32.89 N, and to act as a medium for the dispersion of an adjuvant in the coating layer. The influenza vaccine adsorbed in the micropore and the adjuvant dispersed in the coating were released intradermally to exert synergistic effects with different release patterns and rates. The coated pMNs induced an efficient immune response in Wistar rats with a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer of ≥1024, which was comparable to that of intramuscular injection. The research is organized around the goal of engineering exploration of innovative technologies, suggesting that pMNs have a tantalizing prospect for future applications. It opens up the possibility of eventually obtaining a simple, easy-to-use, and efficient application technology for the prevention of global epidemics like influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Xueliang Xiu
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Rui Su
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Shichao Ma
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Fengsen Ma
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
- Micro-nano Scale Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Institute for Frontiers and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement, Hangzhou 310023, China
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Edwards C, Shah SA, Gebhardt T, Jewell CM. Exploiting Unique Features of Microneedles to Modulate Immunity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302410. [PMID: 37380199 PMCID: PMC10753036 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Microneedle arrays (MNAs) are small patches containing hundreds of short projections that deliver signals directly to dermal layers without causing pain. These technologies are of special interest for immunotherapy and vaccine delivery because they directly target immune cells concentrated in the skin. The targeting abilities of MNAs result in efficient immune responses-often more protective or therapeutic-compared to conventional needle delivery. MNAs also offer logistical benefits, such as self-administration and transportation without refrigeration. Thus, numerous preclinical and clinical studies are exploring these technologies. Here the unique advantages of MNA, as well as critical challenges-such as manufacturing and sterility issues-the field faces to enable widespread deployment are discussed. How MNA design parameters can be exploited for controlled release of vaccines and immunotherapies, and the application to preclinical models of infection, cancer, autoimmunity, and allergies are explained. Specific strategies are also discussed to reduce off-target effects compared to conventional vaccine delivery routes, and novel chemical and manufacturing controls that enable cargo stability in MNAs across flexible intervals and temperatures. Clinical research using MNAs is then examined. Drawbacks of MNAs and the implications, and emerging opportunities to exploit MNAs for immune engineering and clinical use are concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Edwards
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Shrey A Shah
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Thomas Gebhardt
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection & Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Christopher M Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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Qi Z, Yan Z, Tan G, Kundu SC, Lu S. Smart Responsive Microneedles for Controlled Drug Delivery. Molecules 2023; 28:7411. [PMID: 37959830 PMCID: PMC10649748 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
As an emerging technology, microneedles offer advantages such as painless administration, good biocompatibility, and ease of self-administration, so as to effectively treat various diseases, such as diabetes, wound repair, tumor treatment and so on. How to regulate the release behavior of loaded drugs in polymer microneedles is the core element of transdermal drug delivery. As an emerging on-demand drug-delivery technology, intelligent responsive microneedles can achieve local accurate release of drugs according to external stimuli or internal physiological environment changes. This review focuses on the research efforts in smart responsive polymer microneedles at home and abroad in recent years. It summarizes the response mechanisms based on various stimuli and their respective application scenarios. Utilizing innovative, responsive microneedle systems offers a convenient and precise targeted drug delivery method, holding significant research implications in transdermal drug administration. Safety and efficacy will remain the key areas of continuous efforts for research scholars in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Qi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (Z.Q.); (Z.Y.); (G.T.)
| | - Zheng Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (Z.Q.); (Z.Y.); (G.T.)
| | - Guohongfang Tan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (Z.Q.); (Z.Y.); (G.T.)
| | - Subhas C. Kundu
- 3Bs Research Group, I3Bs Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegrabilities, and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Guimaraes, 4805-017 Barco, Portugal;
| | - Shenzhou Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (Z.Q.); (Z.Y.); (G.T.)
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Qiang N, Liu Z, Lu M, Yang Y, Liao F, Feng Y, Liu G, Qiu S. Preparation and Properties of Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Soluble Microneedles. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093417. [PMID: 37176298 PMCID: PMC10180295 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery is a new means of delivering drugs through the skin to achieve therapeutic effects. Microneedles have several advantages, including low cost, easy self-administration, and high delivery efficiency. Different polymers affect the morphology, mechanical properties, and drug delivery efficiency of microneedles. To study the performance and limitations of microneedles (MNs), we prepared different ratios of polymers. MNs were fabricated from polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) using the centrifugal molding method. Needle morphology, formability, and other properties of the polymers were evaluated to compare the performances of MNs with different ratios. PVP and CMC-Na were intermixed at different ratios with water as the solvent. The soluble MNs were prepared by mold casting. The morphology, thermodynamic properties, and crystallinity were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetric analysis (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that composite microneedles have good thermal stability. Among the different compositions tested, the 10% PVP/2% CMC-Na composite microneedle demonstrated the best performance with a regular surface morphology and relatively high thermal decomposition and melting temperatures. These results indicate that microneedles with appropriate ratios of two different materials possess good formability and other properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Qiang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, China
| | - Ming Lu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, China
| | - Yong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, China
| | - Fangli Liao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, China
| | - Ying Feng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, China
| | - Guocong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, China
| | - Si Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, China
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Han W, Liu F, Liu G, Li H, Xu Y, Sun S. Research progress of physical transdermal enhancement techniques in tumor therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3339-3359. [PMID: 36815500 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06219d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The advancement and popularity of transdermal drug delivery (TDD) based on the physical transdermal enhancement technique (PTET) has opened a new paradigm for local tumor treatment. The drug can be directly delivered to the tumor site through the skin, thus avoiding the toxic side effects caused by the first-pass effect and achieving high patient compliance. Further development of PTETs has provided many options for antitumor drugs and laid the foundation for future applications of wearable closed-loop targeting drug delivery systems. In this highlight, the different types of PTETs and related mechanisms, and applications of PTET-related tumor detection and therapy are highlighted. According to their type and characteristics, PTETs are categorized as follows: (1) iontophoresis, (2) electroporation, (3) ultrasound, (4) thermal ablation, and (5) microneedles. PTET-related applications in the local treatment of tumors are categorized as follows: (1) melanoma, (2) breast tumor, (3) squamous cell carcinoma, (4) cervical tumor, and (5) others. The challenges and future prospects of existing PTETs are also discussed. This highlight will provide guidance for the design of PTET-based wearable closed-loop targeting drug delivery systems and personalized therapy for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Han
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Fengyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116023, P. R. China.
| | - Guoxin Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Hongjuan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Yongqian Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Shiguo Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Gao G, Zhang L, Li Z, Ma S, Ma F. Porous Microneedles for Therapy and Diagnosis: Fabrication and Challenges. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:85-105. [PMID: 36475572 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of microneedles (MNs), an innovative transdermal technology, enables efficient, convenient, painless, and controlled-release drug delivery. Porous microneedles (pMNs), special MNs with abundant interconnected pores that can produce capillary action, are gaining increasing attention as a novel MNs technology. pMNs can actively adsorb bioactive ingredients from solutions of drugs or vaccines for in vivo delivery or from interstitial skin fluids (ISFs) for wearable and point-of-care testing (POCT) products. Different pore sizes and porosities of pMNs can be achieved with different materials and preparation processes, which makes the application of pMNs adaptable to multiple scenarios. In addition, easier and faster detection will be accomplished by the smart combination of pMNs with other detection technologies. This paper aims to summarize the recent research progress of pMNs, focusing on the influence of various materials and their corresponding preparation methods on its structure and function display, discussing the key issues and looking forward to the future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhi Gao
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Shichao Ma
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China
| | - Fengsen Ma
- Laboratory of Biologics and Biomaterials, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Deqing 313216, China.,The Institute for Frontiers and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Duan X, Ma J, Ning M, Gao Y. Dissolving Microneedles Loaded with Gestodene: Fabrication and Characterization In Vitro and In Vivo. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2023; 22:e131819. [PMID: 38116561 PMCID: PMC10728855 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-131819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Gestodene (GEST) is widely used in female contraception. It is currently being used as an oral contraceptive. However, unfortunately, oral contraceptives are often associated with several bothersome side effects and poor compliance. Therefore, a sustained delivery system for GEST to overcome these shortcomings is highly desirable. Objectives The present study successfully developed a kind of novel dissolving microneedles (DMNs) with a potential for sustained release and a minimally invasive intradermal treatment of GEST. Methods The dissolving microneedles containing GEST were fabricated using polyvinylpyrrolidone as the base material. The characteristics in vitro and pharmacokinetics in vivo of GEST-loaded DMNs were investigated. Results The results showed that the microneedle could pierce the porcine skin and release the drug at an average dose of 20µg/cm2 daily for seven days. The pharmacokinetic experiment of the microneedles indicated that the plasma level of GEST in rats increased with increasing drug dosage, and the plasma drug concentration-time curves were much flatter compared with subcutaneous injection and oral administration. In addition, no cutaneous irritation was observed. Conclusions GEST-loaded DMNs may be a promising intradermal sustained delivery system for contraceptive use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Duan
- Center of Drug and Medical Polymer Materials, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Jianan Ma
- Center of Drug and Medical Polymer Materials, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Meiying Ning
- Center of Drug and Medical Polymer Materials, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhua Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Terui H, Kimura N, Segawa R, Kusama S, Abe H, Terutsuki D, Yamasaki K, Nishizawa M. Intradermal vaccination via electroosmotic injection from a porous microneedle patch. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Potential of Microneedle Systems for COVID-19 Vaccination: Current Trends and Challenges. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051066. [PMID: 35631652 PMCID: PMC9144974 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To prevent the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and aid restoration to prepandemic normality, global mass vaccination is urgently needed. Inducing herd immunity through mass vaccination has proven to be a highly effective strategy for preventing the spread of many infectious diseases, which protects the most vulnerable population groups that are unable to develop immunity, such as people with immunodeficiencies or weakened immune systems due to underlying medical or debilitating conditions. In achieving global outreach, the maintenance of the vaccine potency, transportation, and needle waste generation become major issues. Moreover, needle phobia and vaccine hesitancy act as hurdles to successful mass vaccination. The use of dissolvable microneedles for COVID-19 vaccination could act as a major paradigm shift in attaining the desired goal to vaccinate billions in the shortest time possible. In addressing these points, we discuss the potential of the use of dissolvable microneedles for COVID-19 vaccination based on the current literature.
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Intradermal administration of influenza vaccine with trehalose and pullulan-based dissolving microneedle arrays. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:1070-1080. [PMID: 35122832 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Most influenza vaccines are administered via intramuscular injection which has several disadvantages that might jeopardize the compliance of vaccinees. Intradermal administration of dissolving-microneedle-arrays (dMNAs) could serve as minimal invasive alternative to needle injections. However, during the production process of dMNAs antigens are subjected to several stresses, which may reduce their potency. Moreover, the needles need to have sufficient mechanical strength to penetrate the skin and subsequently dissolve effectively to release the incorporated antigen. Here, we investigated whether blends of trehalose and pullulan are suitable for the production of stable dMNA fulfilling these criteria. Our results demonstrate that production of trehalose/pullulan-based dMNAs rendered microneedles that were sharp and stiff enough to pierce into ex vivo human skin and subsequently dissolve within 15 min. The mechanical properties of the dMNAs were maintained well even after four weeks of storage at temperatures up to 37°C. In addition, immunization of mice with influenza antigens via both freshly prepared dMNAs and dMNAs after storage (four weeks at 4°C or 37°C) resulted in antibody titers of similar magnitude as found in intramuscularly injected mice and partially protected mice from influenza virus infection. Altogether, our results demonstrate the potential of trehalose/pullulan-based dMNAs as alternative dosage form for influenza vaccination.
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Prabhu A, Jose J, Kumar L, Salwa S, Vijay Kumar M, Nabavi SM. Transdermal Delivery of Curcumin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as Microneedle Patch: an In Vitro and In Vivo Study. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:49. [PMID: 34988698 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is well known for its neuroprotective effect, and also able to alleviate Parkinsonian features. Clinical application of curcumin is limited due to its low bioavailability. Hence, we hypothesized that the microneedles (MN) containing drug-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) may be able to improve its bioavailability and efficacy. The SLNs were prepared with microemulsion technique using glyceryl monostearate as a lipid and tween 80 as a stabilizer. The particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency of prepared SLNs were determined. The optimized formulation was incorporated into microneedle arrays using micromolding technique and fabricated microneedle patch were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, ex vivo permeation studies, histology studies, and fluorescent microscopy. The fabricated microneedle patch was also evaluated for neuroprotective activity and skin irritation potential. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies of SLNs and microneedles confirmed the chemical compatibility of excipients with curcumin. The developed microneedles were also found to be non-irritant with decreased degree of bradykinesia, high motor coordination, and balance ability. The study provided a theoretical basis for the use of novel microneedle containing curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles as a useful tool for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Nguyen TT, Nguyen TTD, Tran NMA, Nguyen HT, Vo GV. Microneedles enable the development of skin-targeted vaccines against coronaviruses and influenza viruses. Pharm Dev Technol 2021; 27:83-94. [PMID: 34802372 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2021.2008967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, many have seriously worried that the plus burden of seasonal influenza that might create a destructive scenario, resulting in overwhelmed healthcare capacities and onwards loss of life. Many efforts to develop a safe and efficacious vaccine to prevent infection by coronavirus and influenza, highlight the importance of vaccination to combat infectious pathogens. While vaccines are traditionally given as injections into the muscle, microneedle (MN) patches designed to precisely deliver cargos into the cutaneous microenvironment, rich in immune cells, provide a noninvasive and self-applicable vaccination approach, reducing overall costs and improving access to vaccines in places with limited supply. The current review aimed to highlight advances in research on the development of MNs-mediated cutaneous vaccine delivery. Concluding remarks and challenges on MNs-based skin immunization are also provided to contribute to the rational development of safe and effective MN-delivered vaccines against these emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Trang Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thuy Dung Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen-Minh-An Tran
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Huy Truong Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Giau Van Vo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Research Center for Genetics and Reproductive Health (CGRH), School of Medicine, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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15
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Abe H, Sato K, Kimura N, Kusama S, Inoue D, Yamasaki K, Nishizawa M. Porous Microneedle Patch for Electroosmosis‐Promoted Transdermal Delivery of Drugs and Vaccines. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Abe
- Department of Finemechanics Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
| | - Kaito Sato
- Department of Finemechanics Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
| | - Natsumi Kimura
- Department of Finemechanics Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
| | - Shinya Kusama
- Department of Finemechanics Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
| | - Daisuke Inoue
- Department of Finemechanics Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
| | - Kenshi Yamasaki
- Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine Tohoku University 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Matsuhiko Nishizawa
- Department of Finemechanics Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
- Division for the Establishment of Frontier Sciences of the Organization for Advanced Studies Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
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16
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Polymeric microneedles for transdermal delivery of nanoparticles: Frontiers of formulation, sterility and stability aspects. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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17
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Bilal M, Mehmood S, Raza A, Hayat U, Rasheed T, Iqbal HM. Microneedles in Smart Drug Delivery. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2021; 10:204-219. [PMID: 32320365 PMCID: PMC7906867 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2019.1122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: In biomedical setup, at large, and drug delivery, in particular, transdermal patches, hypodermal needles, and/or dermatological creams with the topical appliance are among the most widely practiced routes for transdermal drug delivery. Owing to the stratum corneum layer of the skin, traditional drug delivery methods are inefficient, and the effect of the administered therapeutic cues is limited. Recent Advances: The current advancement at the microlevel and nanolevel has revolutionized the drug delivery sector. Particularly, various types of microneedles (MNs) are becoming popular for drug delivery applications because of safety, patient compliance, and smart action. Critical Issues: Herein, we reviewed state-of-the-art MNs as a smart and sophisticated drug delivery approach. Following a brief introduction, the drug delivery mechanism of MNs is discussed. Different types of MNs, that is, solid, hollow, coated, dissolving, and hydrogel forming, are discussed with suitable examples. The latter half of the work is focused on the applied perspective and clinical translation of MNs. Furthermore, a detailed overview of clinical applications and future perspectives is also included in this review. Future Directions: Regardless of ongoing technological and clinical advancement, the focus should be diverted to enhance the efficacy and strength of MNs. Besides, the possible immune response or interference should also be avoided for successful clinical translation of MNs as an efficient drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Correspondence: Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Shahid Mehmood
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ali Raza
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Uzma Hayat
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hafiz M.N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, Mexico
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18
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Microarray patches enable the development of skin-targeted vaccines against COVID-19. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:164-186. [PMID: 33539853 PMCID: PMC8060128 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious threat to global health and the global economy. The ongoing race to develop a safe and efficacious vaccine to prevent infection by SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent for COVID-19, highlights the importance of vaccination to combat infectious pathogens. The highly accessible cutaneous microenvironment is an ideal target for vaccination since the skin harbors a high density of antigen-presenting cells and immune accessory cells with broad innate immune functions. Microarray patches (MAPs) are an attractive intracutaneous biocargo delivery system that enables safe, reproducible, and controlled administration of vaccine components (antigens, with or without adjuvants) to defined skin microenvironments. This review describes the structure of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and relevant antigenic targets for vaccination, summarizes key concepts of skin immunobiology in the context of prophylactic immunization, and presents an overview of MAP-mediated cutaneous vaccine delivery. Concluding remarks on MAP-based skin immunization are provided to contribute to the rational development of safe and effective MAP-delivered vaccines against emerging infectious diseases, including COVID-19.
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19
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Korkmaz E, Balmert SC, Carey CD, Erdos G, Falo LD. Emerging skin-targeted drug delivery strategies to engineer immunity: A focus on infectious diseases. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:151-167. [PMID: 32924651 PMCID: PMC9355143 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1823964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infectious pathogens are global disrupters. Progress in biomedical science and technology has expanded the public health arsenal against infectious diseases. Specifically, vaccination has reduced the burden of infectious pathogens. Engineering systemic immunity by harnessing the cutaneous immune network has been particularly attractive since the skin is an easily accessible immune-responsive organ. Recent advances in skin-targeted drug delivery strategies have enabled safe, patient-friendly, and controlled deployment of vaccines to cutaneous microenvironments for inducing long-lived pathogen-specific immunity to mitigate infectious diseases, including COVID-19. AREAS COVERED This review briefly discusses the basics of cutaneous immunomodulation and provides a concise overview of emerging skin-targeted drug delivery systems that enable safe, minimally invasive, and effective intracutaneous administration of vaccines for engineering systemic immune responses to combat infectious diseases. EXPERT OPINION In-situ engineering of the cutaneous microenvironment using emerging skin-targeted vaccine delivery systems offers remarkable potential to develop diverse immunization strategies against pathogens. Mechanistic studies with standard correlates of vaccine efficacy will be important to compare innovative intracutaneous drug delivery strategies to each other and to existing clinical approaches. Cost-benefit analyses will be necessary for developing effective commercialization strategies. Significant involvement of industry and/or government will be imperative for successfully bringing novel skin-targeted vaccine delivery methods to market for their widespread use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrullah Korkmaz
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephen C. Balmert
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Cara Donahue Carey
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Geza Erdos
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Louis D. Falo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,The McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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20
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Zhu J, Zhou X, Libanori A, Sun W. Microneedle-based bioassays. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:4295-4304. [PMID: 36132929 PMCID: PMC9419780 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00543f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Disease diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy can be monitored via a number of established bioassays that sample body fluids to assess and monitor health conditions. Traditional bioassays generally include several steps and start with invasive body fluid extraction procedures. These steps are painful and often require specialized techniques and tailored equipment, as well as the supervision of professional medical personnel. Innovations in engineering alternative bioassays to address these shortcomings are thus desired. Microneedles (MNs) represent promising tools to sample body fluids, in view of their minimal invasiveness, painlessness, and uncomplicated implementation. Recent progress in microfabrication and materials engineering, including the development of hollow and solid MNs with uniquely optimized architectures and multi-functional materials, has positioned MN-based platforms as prime candidates for bioassay solutions. In this minireview, we summarize the studies of MN-based platforms for detection and diagnosis. We categorize the platforms based on three different mechanisms: MNs as body fluid reservoirs, MNs integrated with electrochemical assays, and MNs engineered with colorimetric analyses. A discussion of design principles for MN-based bioassay platforms is presented. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with MN-based bioassays in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Zhu
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 511436 China
| | - Xingwu Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Alberto Libanori
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Wujin Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation Los Angeles CA 90024 USA
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21
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Hettinga J, Carlisle R. Vaccination into the Dermal Compartment: Techniques, Challenges, and Prospects. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E534. [PMID: 32947966 PMCID: PMC7564253 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2019, an 'influenza pandemic' and 'vaccine hesitancy' were listed as two of the top 10 challenges to global health by the WHO. The skin is a unique vaccination site, due to its immune-rich milieu, which is evolutionarily primed to respond to challenge, and its ability to induce both humoral and cellular immunity. Vaccination into this dermal compartment offers a way of addressing both of the challenges presented by the WHO, as well as opening up avenues for novel vaccine formulation and dose-sparing strategies to enter the clinic. This review will provide an overview of the diverse range of vaccination techniques available to target the dermal compartment, as well as their current state, challenges, and prospects, and touch upon the formulations that have been developed to maximally benefit from these new techniques. These include needle and syringe techniques, microneedles, DNA tattooing, jet and ballistic delivery, and skin permeabilization techniques, including thermal ablation, chemical enhancers, ablation, electroporation, iontophoresis, and sonophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Carlisle
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK;
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22
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Nguyen TT, Oh Y, Kim Y, Shin Y, Baek SK, Park JH. Progress in microneedle array patch (MAP) for vaccine delivery. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 17:316-327. [PMID: 32667239 PMCID: PMC7872046 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1767997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A microneedle array patch (MAP) has been developed as a new delivery system for vaccines. Preclinical and clinical trials with a vaccine MAP showed improved stability, safety, and immunological efficacy compared to conventional vaccine administration. Various vaccines can be delivered with a MAP. Currently, microneedle manufacturers can mass-produce pharmaceutical MAP and cosmetic MAP and this mass-production system can be adapted to produce a vaccine MAP. Clinical trials with a vaccine MAP have shown comparable efficacy with conventional administration, and discussions about regulations for a vaccine MAP are underway. However, there are concerns of reasonable cost, mass production, efficacy, and safety standards that meet FDA approval, as well as the need for feedback regarding the best method of administration. Currently, microneedles have been studied for the delivery of many kinds of vaccines, and preclinical and clinical studies of vaccine microneedles are in progress. For the foreseeable future, some vaccines will continue to be administered with syringes and needles while the use of a vaccine MAP continues to be improved because of the advantages of less pain, self-administration, improved stability, convenience, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Trang Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology-HUTECH , Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Yujeong Oh
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon BioNano Research Institute, Gachon University , Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunseo Kim
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon BioNano Research Institute, Gachon University , Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yura Shin
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon BioNano Research Institute, Gachon University , Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Baek
- QuadMedicine R&D Centre, QuadMedicine Inc , Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Park
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon BioNano Research Institute, Gachon University , Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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23
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Lin X, Wang Z, Ou H, Mitragotri S, Chen M. Correlations Between Skin Barrier Integrity and Delivery of Hydrophilic Molecules in the Presence of Penetration Enhancers. Pharm Res 2020; 37:100. [PMID: 32436083 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02800-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the potential correlations between skin barrier integrity and hydrophilic drugs distribution in skin in the presence of different types of penetration enhancers (PEs) and their combinations. METHODS We measured skin conductivity to evaluate skin barrier integrity before and after the topical application of different chemical PEs, physical PE, peptide PE and their combinations in vitro. We also investigated their effect on the skin distribution profiles of two hydrophilic model drugs, Fluorescein sodium (376 Da) and Fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextrans 10 (10 KDa). RESULTS The physical PE significantly increased the skin conductivity compared to all other PEs, while the peptide PE had no effect on it. The drug deposition in different skin layers was not only dependent on PE applied but also its own molecular weight. We further found two excellent correlations: one (R2 = 0.9388) between skin barrier integrity and total skin absorption of FNa and another one(R2 = 0.9212) between skin barrier integrity and the deposition of FNa in dermis and receptor in presence of chemical or physical PEs and their combinations. CONCLUSIONS The total skin absorption or the deposition in dermis and receptor of small hydrophilic drug in the presence of chemical and physical PEs and their combinations show a good correlation with skin barrier integrity. However, such correlations hold true neither for large hydrophilic drug nor for peptide PE. All good relationships found in this work will allow screening suitable PEs or combinations by measuring the skin conductivity induced by corresponding PEs. Graphical Abstract The total skin absorption of small hydrophilic drug shows a good correlation with skin barrier integrity in the presence of chemical and physical penetration enhancers and their combinations. However, such a correlation hold true neither for large hydrophilic drug nor for peptide penetration enhancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- XueKe Lin
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Department of Marine Biological Science & Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - ZhenHua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - HuiLong Ou
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Department of Marine Biological Science & Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA
| | - Ming Chen
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Department of Marine Biological Science & Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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24
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Xie L, Zeng H, Sun J, Qian W. Engineering Microneedles for Therapy and Diagnosis: A Survey. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E271. [PMID: 32150866 PMCID: PMC7143426 DOI: 10.3390/mi11030271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microneedle (MN) technology is a rising star in the point-of-care (POC) field, which has gained increasing attention from scientists and clinics. MN-based POC devices show great potential for detecting various analytes of clinical interests and transdermal drug delivery in a minimally invasive manner owing to MNs' micro-size sharp tips and ease of use. This review aims to go through the recent achievements in MN-based devices by investigating the selection of materials, fabrication techniques, classification, and application, respectively. We further highlight critical aspects of MN platforms for transdermal biofluids extraction, diagnosis, and drug delivery assisted disease therapy. Moreover, multifunctional MNs for stimulus-responsive drug delivery systems were discussed, which show incredible potential for accurate and efficient disease treatment in dynamic environments for a long period of time. In addition, we also discuss the remaining challenges and emerging trend of MN-based POC devices from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xie
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China;
| | - Hedele Zeng
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China;
| | - Jianjun Sun
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Wei Qian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas, EI Paso, TX 79968, USA;
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Badizadegan K, Goodson JL, Rota PA, Thompson KM. The potential role of using vaccine patches to induce immunity: platform and pathways to innovation and commercialization. Expert Rev Vaccines 2020; 19:175-194. [PMID: 32182145 PMCID: PMC7814398 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2020.1732215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: In the last two decades, the evidence related to using vaccine patches with multiple short projections (≤1 mm) to deliver vaccines through the skin increased significantly and demonstrated their potential as an innovative delivery platform.Areas covered: We review the vaccine patch literature published in English as of 1 March 2019, as well as available information from key stakeholders related to vaccine patches as a platform. We identify key research topics related to basic and translational science on skin physical properties and immunobiology, patch development, and vaccine manufacturing.Expert opinion: Currently, vaccine patch developers continue to address some basic science and other platform issues in the context of developing a potential vaccine patch presentation for an existing or new vaccine. Additional clinical data and manufacturing experience could shift the balance toward incentivizing existing vaccine manufactures to further explore the use of vaccine patches to deliver their products. Incentives for innovation of vaccine patches differ for developed and developing countries, which will necessitate different strategies (e.g. public-private partnerships, push, or pull mechanisms) to support the basic and applied research needed to ensure a strong evidence base and to overcome translational barriers for vaccine patches as a delivery platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James L Goodson
- Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paul A Rota
- Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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26
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Moreira AF, Rodrigues CF, Jacinto TA, Miguel SP, Costa EC, Correia IJ. Microneedle-based delivery devices for cancer therapy: A review. Pharmacol Res 2019; 148:104438. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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27
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Micro-Pillar Integrated Dissolving Microneedles for Enhanced Transdermal Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11080402. [PMID: 31405191 PMCID: PMC6724014 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The dissolving microneedle (DMN) patch is a transdermal delivery system, containing arrays of micro-sized polymeric needles capable of encapsulating therapeutic drugs within their matrix and releasing them into the skin. However, the elastic properties of the skin prevent DMNs from complete insertion and accurate delivery of encapsulated compounds into the skin. Moreover, the adhesive materials used in patches may cause skin irritation, inflammation, and redness. Therefore, we developed a patchless, micro-pillar integrated DMN (P-DMN) that is simple to fabricate and enhances transdermal drug delivery compared with traditional DMN patches. The micro-pillars were made of polymethyl methacrylate at a height of 300 μm and a base diameter of 500 μm. To fabricate P-DMNs, we employed hyaluronic acid, which is a widely used derma filler and plays a role in tissue re-epithelialization. We demonstrate that utilizing P-DMNs significantly improves the delivery efficiency of an encapsulated drug surrogate (91.83% ± 7.75%) compared with traditional DMNs (64.86% ± 8.17%). Interestingly, P-DMNs remarkably increase the skin penetration accuracy rate of encapsulated drugs, up to 97.78% ± 2.22%, compared with 44.44% ± 7.85% in traditional DMNs. Our findings suggest that P-DMNs could serve as a highly accurate and efficient platform for transdermal delivery of various types of micro- and macro-biomolecules.
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