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Gimondi S, Ferreira H, Reis RL, Neves NM. Intracellular Trafficking of Size-Tuned Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:312. [PMID: 38203483 PMCID: PMC10779336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used as drug delivery systems in nanomedicine. Despite their widespread application, a comprehensive understanding of their intracellular trafficking remains elusive. In the present study, we focused on exploring the impact of a 20 nm difference in size on NP performance, including drug delivery capabilities and intracellular trafficking. For that, poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether-block-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG) NPs with sizes of 50 and 70 nm were precisely tailored. To assess their prowess in encapsulating and releasing therapeutic agents, we have employed doxorubicin (Dox), a well-established anticancer drug widely utilized in clinical settings, as a model drug. Then, the beneficial effect of the developed nanoformulations was evaluated in breast cancer cells. Finally, we performed a semiquantitative analysis of both NPs' uptake and intracellular localization by immunostaining lysosomes, early endosomes, and recycling endosomes. The results show that the smaller NPs (50 nm) were able to reduce the metabolic activity of cancer cells more efficiently than NPs of 70 nm, in a time and concentration-dependent manner. These findings are corroborated by intracellular trafficking studies that reveal an earlier and higher uptake of NPs, with 50 nm compared to the 70 nm ones, by the breast cancer cells. Consequently, this study demonstrates that NP size, even in small increments, has an important impact on their therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gimondi
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.G.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Helena Ferreira
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.G.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.G.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno M. Neves
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (S.G.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal
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2
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Togami K, Kanehira Y, Yumita Y, Ozaki H, Wang R, Tada H, Chono S. Heterogenous Intrapulmonary Distribution of Aerosolized Model Compounds in Mice with Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2023; 36:289-299. [PMID: 37843890 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2023.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A distinctive pathological feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the aberrant accumulation of extracellular matrix components in the alveoli in abnormal remodeling and reconstruction following scarring of the alveolar structure. The current antifibrotic agents used for IPF therapy frequently result in systemic side effects because these agents are distributed, through the blood, to many different tissues after oral administration. In contrast to oral administration, the intrapulmonary administration of aerosolized drugs is believed to be an efficient method for their direct delivery to the focus sites in the lungs. However, how fibrotic lesions alter the distribution of aerosolized drugs following intrapulmonary administration remains largely unknown. In this study, we evaluate the intrapulmonary distribution characteristics of aerosolized model compounds in mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis through imaging the organs and alveoli. Methods: Aerosolized model compounds were administered to mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis using a Liquid MicroSprayer®. The intrapulmonary distribution characteristics of aerosolized model compounds were evaluated through several imaging techniques, including noninvasive lung imaging using X-ray computed tomography, ex vivo imaging using zoom fluorescence microscopy, frozen tissue section observation, and three-dimensional imaging with tissue-clearing treatment using confocal laser microscopy. Results: In fibrotic lungs, the aerosolized model compounds were heterogeneously distributed. In observations of frozen tissue sections, model compounds were observed only in the fibrotic foci near airless spaces called honeycombs. In three-dimensional imaging of cleared tissue from fibrotic lungs, the area of the model compound in the alveolar space was smaller than in healthy lungs. Conclusion: The intrapulmonary deposition of extracellular matrix associated with pulmonary fibrosis limits the intrapulmonary distribution of aerosolized drugs. The development of delivery systems for antifibrotic agents to improve the distribution characteristics in fibrotic foci is necessary for effective IPF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Togami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Japan
- Creation Research Institute of Life Science in KITA-no-DAICHI, Sapporo, Japan
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yukimune Kanehira
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Yumita
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ozaki
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rui Wang
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tada
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Japan
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sumio Chono
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Japan
- Creation Research Institute of Life Science in KITA-no-DAICHI, Sapporo, Japan
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, Sapporo, Japan
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3
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Mahaling B, Low SWY, Ch S, Addi UR, Ahmad B, Connor TB, Mohan RR, Biswas S, Chaurasia SS. Next-Generation Nanomedicine Approaches for the Management of Retinal Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2005. [PMID: 37514191 PMCID: PMC10383092 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15072005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal diseases are one of the leading causes of blindness globally. The mainstay treatments for these blinding diseases are laser photocoagulation, vitrectomy, and repeated intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or steroids. Unfortunately, these therapies are associated with ocular complications like inflammation, elevated intraocular pressure, retinal detachment, endophthalmitis, and vitreous hemorrhage. Recent advances in nanomedicine seek to curtail these limitations, overcoming ocular barriers by developing non-invasive or minimally invasive delivery modalities. These modalities include delivering therapeutics to specific cellular targets in the retina, providing sustained delivery of drugs to avoid repeated intravitreal injections, and acting as a scaffold for neural tissue regeneration. These next-generation nanomedicine approaches could potentially revolutionize the treatment landscape of retinal diseases. This review describes the availability and limitations of current treatment strategies and highlights insights into the advancement of future approaches using next-generation nanomedicines to manage retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binapani Mahaling
- Ocular Immunology and Angiogenesis Lab, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Shermaine W Y Low
- Ocular Immunology and Angiogenesis Lab, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Sanjay Ch
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Utkarsh R Addi
- Ocular Immunology and Angiogenesis Lab, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Baseer Ahmad
- Ocular Immunology and Angiogenesis Lab, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Thomas B Connor
- Ocular Immunology and Angiogenesis Lab, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Rajiv R Mohan
- One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology and Vision Research Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Swati Biswas
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Shyam S Chaurasia
- Ocular Immunology and Angiogenesis Lab, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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4
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Optimization of an Injectable Hydrogel Depot System for the Controlled Release of Retinal-Targeted Hybrid Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010025. [PMID: 36678654 PMCID: PMC9862926 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A drawback in the development of treatments that can reach the retina is the presence of barriers in the eye that restrain compounds from reaching the target. Intravitreal injections hold promise for retinal delivery, but the natural defenses in the vitreous can rapidly degrade or eliminate therapeutic molecules. Injectable hydrogel implants, which act as a reservoir, can allow for long-term drug delivery with a single injection into the eye, but still suffer due to the fast clearance of the released drugs when traversing the vitreous and random diffusion that leads to lower pharmaceutic efficacy. A combination with HA-covered nanoparticles, which can be released from the gel and more readily pass through the vitreous to increase the delivery of therapeutic agents to the retina, represents an advanced and elegant way to overcome some of the limitations in eye drug delivery. In this article, we developed hybrid PLGA-Dotap NPs that, due to their hyaluronic acid coating, can improve in vivo distribution throughout the vitreous and delivery to retinal cells. Moreover, a hydrogel implant was developed to act as a depot for the hybrid NPs to better control and slow their release. These results are a first step to improve the treatment of retinal diseases by protecting and transporting the therapeutic treatment across the vitreous and to improve treatment options by creating a depot system for long-term treatments.
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Tawfik M, Chen F, Goldberg JL, Sabel BA. Nanomedicine and drug delivery to the retina: current status and implications for gene therapy. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:1477-1507. [PMID: 36107200 PMCID: PMC9630211 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02287-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Blindness affects more than 60 million people worldwide. Retinal disorders, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and glaucoma, are the leading causes of blindness. Finding means to optimize local and sustained delivery of drugs or genes to the eye and retina is one goal to advance the development of new therapeutics. Despite the ease of accessibility of delivering drugs via the ocular surface, the delivery of drugs to the retina is still challenging due to anatomic and physiologic barriers. Designing a suitable delivery platform to overcome these barriers should enhance drug bioavailability and provide a safe, controlled, and sustained release. Current inventions for posterior segment treatments include intravitreal implants and subretinal viral gene delivery that satisfy these criteria. Several other novel drug delivery technologies, including nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, microneedles, liposomes, and nanowires, are now being widely studied for posterior segment drug delivery, and extensive research on gene delivery using siRNA, mRNA, or aptamers is also on the rise. This review discusses the current state of retinal drug/gene delivery and highlights future therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Tawfik
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Fang Chen
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Goldberg
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Bernhard A Sabel
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
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6
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Zingale E, Romeo A, Rizzo S, Cimino C, Bonaccorso A, Carbone C, Musumeci T, Pignatello R. Fluorescent Nanosystems for Drug Tracking and Theranostics: Recent Applications in the Ocular Field. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050955. [PMID: 35631540 PMCID: PMC9147643 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The greatest challenge associated with topical drug delivery for the treatment of diseases affecting the posterior segment of the eye is to overcome the poor bioavailability of the carried molecules. Nanomedicine offers the possibility to overcome obstacles related to physiological mechanisms and ocular barriers by exploiting different ocular routes. Functionalization of nanosystems by fluorescent probes could be a useful strategy to understand the pathway taken by nanocarriers into the ocular globe and to improve the desired targeting accuracy. The application of fluorescence to decorate nanocarrier surfaces or the encapsulation of fluorophore molecules makes the nanosystems a light probe useful in the landscape of diagnostics and theranostics. In this review, a state of the art on ocular routes of administration is reported, with a focus on pathways undertaken after topical application. Numerous studies are reported in the first section, confirming that the use of fluorescent within nanoparticles is already spread for tracking and biodistribution studies. The first section presents fluorescent molecules used for tracking nanosystems’ cellular internalization and permeation of ocular tissues; discussions on the classification of nanosystems according to their nature (lipid-based, polymer-based, metallic-based and protein-based) follows. The following sections are dedicated to diagnostic and theranostic uses, respectively, which represent an innovation in the ocular field obtained by combining dual goals in a single administration system. For its great potential, this application of fluorescent nanoparticles would experience a great development in the near future. Finally, a brief overview is dedicated to the use of fluorescent markers in clinical trials and the market in the ocular field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elide Zingale
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (E.Z.); (A.R.); (S.R.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (T.M.)
| | - Alessia Romeo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (E.Z.); (A.R.); (S.R.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (T.M.)
| | - Salvatore Rizzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (E.Z.); (A.R.); (S.R.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (T.M.)
| | - Cinzia Cimino
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (E.Z.); (A.R.); (S.R.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (T.M.)
| | - Angela Bonaccorso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (E.Z.); (A.R.); (S.R.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (T.M.)
- NANO-i—Research Center for Ocular Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Claudia Carbone
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (E.Z.); (A.R.); (S.R.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (T.M.)
- NANO-i—Research Center for Ocular Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Teresa Musumeci
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (E.Z.); (A.R.); (S.R.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (T.M.)
- NANO-i—Research Center for Ocular Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosario Pignatello
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (E.Z.); (A.R.); (S.R.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (T.M.)
- NANO-i—Research Center for Ocular Nanotechnology, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
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7
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Liu Q, Li M, Liu C, Yin J, Zhu X, Chen D. Continuous Synthesis of Polymer-Coated Drug Nanoparticles by Heterogeneous Nucleation in a Hollow-Fiber Membrane Module. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Mao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Chen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jieli Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Dengyue Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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8
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Injectable drug delivery systems of doxorubicin revisited: In vitro-in vivo relationships using human clinical data. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121073. [PMID: 34481887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of nanomedicines entered the clinical trials and improved our understanding of the in vivo responses expected in humans. The in vitro drug release represents an important critical quality attribute involved in pharmacokinetics. Establishing in vitro-in vivo relationships for nanomedicines requires a careful analysis of the clinical data with respect to the unique differences between drugs and nanomedicines. Also, the biorelevant assay must reflect the release mechanism of the carrier. Four drug delivery systems of doxorubicin were evaluated for their in vitro release behavior under biorelevant conditions using the dispersion releaser. The pharmacokinetics observed during the first-in-men clinical trials were analyzed using a custom-made physiologically-based nanocarrier biopharmaceutics model. The drug product Lipodox® and the clinical candidate NanoCore-7.4 were evaluated to validate the model. Afterward, the in vivo performances of the preclinical candidates NanoCore-6.4 and doxorubicin-loaded nano-cellular vesicle technology systems (an extracellular vesicle preparation) were predicted. In vitro and in vivo release were in good correlation as indicated by the coefficients of determination of 0.98648 (NanoCore-7.4) and 0.94107 (Lipodox®). The predictions required an estimation of the carrier half-life in blood circulation leading to considerable uncertainty. Still, the simulations narrow down the possible scenarios in the clinical evaluation of nanomedicines and provide a valuable addition to animal studies.
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9
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Messerschmidt VL, Chintapula U, Kuriakose AE, Laboy S, Truong TTD, Kydd LA, Jaworski J, Pan Z, Sadek H, Nguyen KT, Lee J. Notch Intracellular Domain Plasmid Delivery via Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles to Upregulate Notch Pathway Molecules. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:707897. [PMID: 34651022 PMCID: PMC8507495 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.707897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is a highly conserved signaling system that is required for embryonic development and regeneration of organs. When the signal is lost, maldevelopment occurs and leads to a lethal state. Delivering exogenous genetic materials encoding Notch into cells can reestablish downstream signaling and rescue cellular functions. In this study, we utilized the negatively charged and FDA approved polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) to encapsulate Notch Intracellular Domain-containing plasmid in nanoparticles. We show that primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) readily uptake the nanoparticles with and without specific antibody targets. We demonstrated that our nanoparticles are non-toxic, stable over time, and compatible with blood. We further demonstrated that HUVECs could be successfully transfected with these nanoparticles in static and dynamic environments. Lastly, we elucidated that these nanoparticles could upregulate the downstream genes of Notch signaling, indicating that the payload was viable and successfully altered the genetic downstream effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Messerschmidt
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Uday Chintapula
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Aneetta E Kuriakose
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Samantha Laboy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Thuy Thi Dang Truong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - LeNaiya A Kydd
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Justyn Jaworski
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Zui Pan
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Hashem Sadek
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Kytai T Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Juhyun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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10
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Exploring the systemic delivery of a poorly water-soluble model drug to the retina using PLGA nanoparticles. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 164:105905. [PMID: 34116175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During the drug development process, many pharmacologically active compounds are discarded because of poor water solubility, but nanoparticle-based formulations are increasingly proposed as a solution for this problem. We therefore studied the distribution of nanoparticulate carriers and the delivery of their poorly water-soluble cargo to a structure of the central nervous system, the retina, under naive and pathological conditions. The lipophilic fluorescent dye coumarin 6 (Cou6) was encapsulated into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) PLGA nanoparticles (NPs). After intravenous administration in rats, we analyzed the distribution of cargo Cou6 and of the NP carrier covalently labeled with Cy5.5 in healthy animals and animals with optic nerve crush (ONC). In vivo real-time retina imaging revealed that Cou6 was rapidly released from PLGA NPs and penetrated the inner blood-retina barrier (BRB) within 15 min and PLGA NPs were gradually eliminated from the retinal blood circulation. Ex vivo microscopy of retinal flat mounts indicated that the Cou6 accumulated predominantly in the extracellular space and to a lesser extent in neurons. While the distribution of Cou6 in healthy animals and post ONC was comparable at early time point post-operation, the elimination of the NPs from the vessels was faster on day 7 post ONC. These results demonstrate the importance of considering different kinetics of nano-carrier and poorly water-soluble cargo, emphasizing the critical role of their parenchymal distribution, i.e. cellular/extracellular, and function of different physiological and pathological conditions.
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Fluorescently Labeled PLGA Nanoparticles for Visualization In Vitro and In Vivo: The Importance of Dye Properties. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081145. [PMID: 34452106 PMCID: PMC8399891 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescently labeled nanoparticles are widely used for evaluating their distribution in the biological environment. However, dye leakage can lead to misinterpretations of the nanoparticles' biodistribution. To better understand the interactions of dyes and nanoparticles and their biological environment, we explored PLGA nanoparticles labeled with four widely used dyes encapsulated (coumarin 6, rhodamine 123, DiI) or bound covalently to the polymer (Cy5.5.). The DiI label was stable in both aqueous and lipophilic environments, whereas the quick release of coumarin 6 was observed in model media containing albumin (42%) or liposomes (62%), which could be explained by the different affinity of these dyes to the polymer and lipophilic structures and which we also confirmed by computational modeling (log PDPPC/PLGA: DiI-2.3, Cou6-0.7). The importance of these factors was demonstrated by in vivo neuroimaging (ICON) of the rat retina using double-labeled Cy5.5/Cou6-nanoparticles: encapsulated Cou6 quickly leaked into the tissue, whereas the stably bound Cy.5.5 label remained associated with the vessels. This observation is a good example of the possible misinterpretation of imaging results because the coumarin 6 distribution creates the impression that nanoparticles effectively crossed the blood-retina barrier, whereas in fact no signal from the core material was found beyond the blood vessels.
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12
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Tawfik M, Hadlak S, Götze C, Sokolov M, Kulikov P, Kuskov A, Shtilman M, Sabel BA, Henrich-Noack P. Live In-Vivo Neuroimaging Reveals the Transport of Lipophilic Cargo Through the Blood-Retina Barrier with Modified Amphiphilic Poly-N-Vinylpyrrolidone Nanoparticles. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:846-858. [PMID: 34082871 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The blood-retina barrier (BRB), analogous to the blood-brain barrier, is a major hurdle for the passage of drugs from the blood to the central nervous system. Here, we designed polymeric nanoparticles from amphiphilic poly-/V-vinylpyrrolidone (Amph-PVP NPs) as a new carrier-system and investigated their ability to pass the BRB using a live In-Vivo neuroimaging system for the retina in rats and ex-vivo wholemounted retinae preparation. Amph-PVP NPs were loaded with hydrophobic fluorescent markers as a surrogate for hydrophobic drugs. Linking these NPs with the hydrophobic fluorescence marker Carboxyfluorescein-succinimidyl-ester (CFSE) to the surface, induced the passage of the cargo into the retina tissue. In particular, we observed a substantial internalization of the CFSE-linked NPs into blood cells. We propose surface- modified Amph-PVP NPs as a potential new nano-carrier platform to target posterior eye and potentially brain diseases while camouflaged by blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Tawfik
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Leipzigerstr. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Maxim Sokolov
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Leipzigerstr. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Pavel Kulikov
- Department of Biomaterials, Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq. 9, 125047, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Kuskov
- Department of Biomaterials, Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq. 9, 125047, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Shtilman
- Department of Biomaterials, Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya sq. 9, 125047, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bernhard A Sabel
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Leipzigerstr. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Petra Henrich-Noack
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, Leipzigerstr. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
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