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Jiang L, Gao T, Liu M, Li F. Chitosan-sodium alginate-polyethylene glycol-Ally isothiocyante nanocomposites ameliorates isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23531. [PMID: 37724821 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common type of ischemic heart disease that affects millions of people worldwide. In recent times, nanotechnology has become a very promising field with immense applications. The current exploration was conducted to synthesize the chitosan-sodium alginate-polyethylene glycol-Ally isothiocyanate nanocomposites (CSP-AIso-NCs) and evaluate their beneficial roles against the isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MI in rats. The CSP-AIso-NCs were prepared and characterized by several characterization techniques. The MI was initiated in the rats by the administration of 85 mg/kg of ISO for 2 days and treated with 10 and 20 mg/kg of CSP-AIso-NCs for 1 month. The changes in heart weight and bodyweight were measured. The cardiac function markers were assessed with echocardiography. The lipid profiles, Na+, K+, and Ca2+ ions, cardiac biomarkers, antioxidant parameters, and inflammatory cytokines were assessed using corresponding assay kits. The histopathological study was done on the heart tissues. The UV spectral analysis revealed the maximum peak at 208 nm, which confirms the formation of CSP-AIso-NCs. The FT-IR analysis revealed the occurrence of different functional groups, and the crystallinity of the CSP-AIso-NCs was proved by the XRD analysis. DLS analysis indicated the size of the CSP-AIso-NCs at 146.50 nm. The CSP-AIso-NCs treatment increased the bodyweight and decreased the HW/BW ratio in the MI rats. The status of lipids was reduced, and HDL was elevated in the CSP-AIso-NCs administered to MI rats. CSP-AIso-NCs decreased the LVEDs, LVEDd, and NT-proBNP and increased the LVEF level. The oxidative stress markers were decreased, and the antioxidants were increased by the CSP-AIso-NCs treatment in the MI rats. The Na+ and Ca+ ions were reduced, and the K+ ions were increased by the CSP-AIso-NCs. The interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were also depleted, and Nrf-2 was improved in the CSP-AIso-NCs administered to MI rats. The histological study revealed the ameliorative effects of CSP-AIso-NCs. Overall, our outcomes revealed that the CSP-AIso-NCs are effective against the ISO-induced MI rats. Hence, it could be a hopeful therapeutic nanomedicine for MI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tingchao Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangxu Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Honda M, Murakami K, Zhang Y, Goto M. Rapid and Continuous Astaxanthin Isomerization in Subcritical Ethanol. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Honda
- Faculty of Science & Technology, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuya Murakami
- Faculty of Science & Technology, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yelin Zhang
- Faculty of Science & Technology, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Motonobu Goto
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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Mumtaz MZ, Kausar F, Hassan M, Javaid S, Malik A. Anticancer activities of phenolic compounds from Moringa oleifera leaves: in vitro and in silico mechanistic study. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-021-00101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Moringa oleifera is a common vegetable in many countries since ancient times, possesses numerous phenolic compounds having a wide array of biological activities. It possesses anticancer activity that can be used to develop new drugs for treatment of various types of cancers. The current study was conducted to evaluate the composition of phenolic compounds and in vitro and in silico anticancer activities of M. oleifera leaves extracts. The leaves of M. oleifera were subjected to extraction for solvent fraction using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and aqueous solvents. The solvent fractions were tested for anticancer activity in vitro against Hela cancer cell line and screened for phenolic compounds through reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The molecular docking approach was employed to check binding conformations of phytochemicals against the target protein.
Result
The result revealed that all the solvent fractions possess in vitro anticancer activity against Hela cancer cell line. The n-hexane fraction showed a 50% reduction in Hela cancer cell viability at 416 μg mL−1 as compared to control. The extracts of solvent-fraction contained 10 phenolic compounds viz. quercetin, gallic acid, sinapic acid, vanillic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, m-coumaric acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, and syringic acid. Molecular docking studies revealed that the ligands bind within the active site of target protein have good binding energy values.
Conclusion
This study shows that M. oleifera leaves may have the potential to inhibit cancer cell growth and improving human health in addition to food ingredient innovations. Based on in vitro and in silico results, the phytochemicals from M. oleifera leaves can be used as leading drugs to treat cancer.
Graphical abstract
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Dhakad AK, Ikram M, Sharma S, Khan S, Pandey VV, Singh A. Biological, nutritional, and therapeutic significance of Moringa oleifera Lam. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2870-2903. [PMID: 31453658 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The genus Moringa Adans. comprises 13 species, of which Moringa oleifera Lam. native to India and cultivated across the world owing to its drought and frost resistance habit is widely used in traditional phytomedicine and as rich source of essential nutrients. Wide spectrum of phytochemical ingredients among leaf, flower, fruit, seed, seed oil, bark, and root depend on cultivar, season, and locality. The scientific studies provide insights on the use of M. oleifera with different aqueous, hydroalcoholic, alcoholic, and other organic solvent preparations of different parts for therapeutic activities, that is, antibiocidal, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective, hepato-protective, neuro-protective, tissue-protective, and other biological activities with a high degree of safety. A wide variety of alkaloid and sterol, polyphenols and phenolic acids, fatty acids, flavanoids and flavanol glycosides, glucosinolate and isothiocyanate, terpene, anthocyanins etc. are believed to be responsible for the pragmatic effects. Seeds are used with a view of low-cost biosorbent and coagulant agent for the removal of metals and microbial contamination from waste water. Thus, the present review explores the use of M. oleifera across disciplines for its prominent bioactive ingredients, nutraceutical, therapeutic uses and deals with agricultural, veterinarian, biosorbent, coagulation, biodiesel, and other industrial properties of this "Miracle Tree."
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Dhakad
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Mohsin Ikram
- Forest Entomology Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Salman Khan
- Forest Entomology Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, India
| | - Vijay V Pandey
- Forest Pathology Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, India
| | - Avtar Singh
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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Wu J, Wang J, Yue B, Xing-Tang F, Zhang C, Ma Y, Hu L, Bai Y, Qi X, Chen H. Research on association between variants and haplotypes of TRPV1 and TRPA1 genes with growth traits in three cattle breeds. Anim Biotechnol 2018; 30:202-211. [PMID: 30595081 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2018.1470530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the association of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) genes polymorphisms with growth traits in three Chinese cattle breeds (Jiaxian red cattle, Qinchuan cattle and Luxi cattle). Through experiments we identified three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these three cattle breeds TRPV1 and TRPA1 genes using PCR-SSCP, (forced) PCR-RFLP methods. Three of these polymorphisms are all synonymous mutation which includes (NW_003104493.1: 30327 C > T), (NW_003104493.1: 33394 A > G) and (NW_003104493.1: 38471 G > A) are in exons. The other three polymorphisms are located at 3'UTR. Furthermore, we evaluated the haplotype frequency and the statistical analyses indicated that these SNPs of TRPV1 and TRPA1 genes were associated with bovine body height, body length, waist angle width, hucklebone width, cross ministry height, chest qingwidth (p < 0.05) and recommendation height, cannon circumference (p < 0.01) of Qingchuan cattle; body length, waist angle width (p < 0.05) of Jiaxian red cattle; body weight, Body length, cannon circumference, chest circumference (p < 0.05) and body height (p < 0.01) of Luxi cattle. Our result confirms the polymorphisms in the TRPV1 and TRPA1 genes are associated with growth traits that may be used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in three beef breeds programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyao Wu
- a Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , PR China
| | - Jianjin Wang
- a Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , PR China
| | - Binglin Yue
- a Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , PR China
| | - Fang Xing-Tang
- a Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , PR China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- a Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , PR China
| | - Yun Ma
- b College of Life Sciences , Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University , Xinyang , PR China
| | - Linyong Hu
- c Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota , Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , PR China
| | - Yueyu Bai
- d Animal Health Supervision in Henan Province , Zhengzhou , PR China.,e Bureau of Animal Husbandry of Biyang County , Biyang , PR China
| | - Xingshan Qi
- e Bureau of Animal Husbandry of Biyang County , Biyang , PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- a Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , PR China
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Jin W, Chen X, Huo Q, Cui Y, Yu Z, Yu L. Aerial parts of maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) as functional vegetables with gastrointestinal prokinetic efficacy in vivo. Food Funct 2018; 9:3456-3465. [PMID: 29878016 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00405f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lepidium meyenii Walp. (maca) has been utilized in the Andean region because of its edibleness and medicinal value. The aerial parts of maca (APM) were analyzed for protein, total sugar, vitamins, amino acids, and minerals and its characteristic active ingredients at five different growth stages. The results showed the high protein, total sugar, vitamin C, niacin, potassium, and calcium contents of APM. All 17 amino acids and the characteristic active ingredients, namely, macamide, glucosinolates, adenosine, and total saponins, were detected. We examined the effects of maca plant powders on gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion and the levels of serum motilin and gastrin in atropine-treated mice. Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) was investigated to identify the potential active material in APM. The results revealed that both maca plant powders and BITC can promote the gastrointestinal prokinetic efficacy. Thus, APM feature potential as new functional vegetable sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Jin
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Hessah MA. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on the oxidative stress and gastric mucosal ulcer induced by indomethacin in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.5897/ajb2017.16272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Sayeed MA, Bracci M, Ciarapica V, Malavolta M, Provinciali M, Pieragostini E, Gaetani S, Monaco F, Lucarini G, Rapisarda V, Di Primio R, Santarelli L. Allyl Isothiocyanate Exhibits No Anticancer Activity in MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010145. [PMID: 29300316 PMCID: PMC5796094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It was reported recently that allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) could inhibit various types of cancer cell growth. In the present study, we further investigated whether AITC could inhibit the growth of human breast cancer cells. Unexpectedly, we found that AITC did not inhibit, rather slightly promoted, the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, although it did have inhibitory effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Cytofluorimetric analysis revealed that AITC (10 µM) did not induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, AITC significantly (p < 0.05) increased the expression of BCL-2 and mTOR genes and Beclin-1 protein in MDA-MB-231 cells. No significant changes in expression of PRKAA1 and PER2 genes, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, PARP, p-mTOR, and NF-κB p65 proteins were observed in these AITC-treated cells. Importantly, AITC displayed cytotoxic effect on MCF-10A human breast epithelial cell line. These observations suggest that AITC may not have inhibitory activity in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. This in vitro study warrants more preclinical and clinical studies on the beneficial and harmful effects of AITC in healthy and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abu Sayeed
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Massimo Bracci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Veronica Ciarapica
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Marco Malavolta
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), 60120 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Mauro Provinciali
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific and Technological Pole, Italian National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), 60120 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Ernesta Pieragostini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Simona Gaetani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Federica Monaco
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Guendalina Lucarini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Venerando Rapisarda
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Roberto Di Primio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
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Abd-Rabou AA, Abdalla AM, Ali NA, Zoheir KMA. Moringa oleifera Root Induces Cancer Apoptosis more Effectively than Leave Nanocomposites and Its Free Counterpart. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:2141-2149. [PMID: 28843248 PMCID: PMC5697473 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.8.2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are important elements of indigenous medical system that have persisted in developing countries. Many of the botanical chemo-preventions currently used as potent anticancer agents. However, some important anticancer agents are still extracted from plants because they cannot be synthesized chemically on a commercial scale due to their complex structures that often contain several chiral centers. The aim of this study was to test different extracts from the Moringa oleifera leaves (ML), its PLGA-CS-PEG nanocomposites (MLn), as well as root core (Rc) and outer (Ro) parts for activity against hepatocarcinoma HepG2, breast MCF7, and colorectal HCT 116/ Caco-2 cells in vitro. Nano-composites were prepared and characterized. Then, the nanocomposites and the free counterparts were screened on different propagated cancer cell lines. The underlying cytotoxic impact was followed using apoptosis measurements. All extracts kill the different cancer cells with different ratios, but intriguingly, the root core extract could kill the majority of cancer cells (approximately 70-80%), while sparing normal BHK-21 cells with minimal inhibitory effect (approximately 30-40%). Apoptotic cell increment came to confirm the cytotoxic effects of these extracts on HCT 116 cells (Rc: 212% and Ro: 180%, respectively) and HepG2 cells (ML: 567.5% and MLn: 608%, respectively) compared to control (100%) mechanistically wise. Moringa oleifera nanocomposites may have potential for use as a natural source of anti-cancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Abd-Rabou
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
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Allais L, De Smet R, Verschuere S, Talavera K, Cuvelier CA, Maes T. Transient Receptor Potential Channels in Intestinal Inflammation: What Is the Impact of Cigarette Smoking? Pathobiology 2016; 84:1-15. [DOI: 10.1159/000446568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Bertóti R, Vasas G, Gonda S, Nguyen NM, Szőke É, Jakab Á, Pócsi I, Emri T. Glutathione protects Candida albicans against horseradish volatile oil. J Basic Microbiol 2016; 56:1071-1079. [PMID: 27272511 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201600082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Horseradish essential oil (HREO; a natural mixture of different isothiocyanates) had strong fungicide effect against Candida albicans both in volatile and liquid phase. In liquid phase this antifungal effect was more significant than those of its main components allyl, and 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate. HREO, at sublethal concentration, induced oxidative stress which was characterized with elevated superoxide content and up-regulated specific glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. Induction of specific glutathione S-transferase activities as marker of glutathione (GSH) dependent detoxification was also observed. At higher concentration, HREO depleted the GSH pool, increased heavily the superoxide production and killed the cells rapidly. HREO and the GSH pool depleting agent, 1-chlore-2,4-dinitrobenzene showed strong synergism when they were applied together to kill C. albicans cells. Based on all these, we assume that GSH metabolism protects fungi against isothiocyanates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Bertóti
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Vasas
- Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sándor Gonda
- Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Éva Szőke
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Ágnes Jakab
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Pócsi
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Emri
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Moringa oleifera as an Anti-Cancer Agent against Breast and Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135814. [PMID: 26288313 PMCID: PMC4545797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we investigated the anti-cancer effect of Moringa oleifera leaves, bark and seed extracts. When tested against MDA-MB-231 and HCT-8 cancer cell lines, the extracts of leaves and bark showed remarkable anti-cancer properties while surprisingly, seed extracts exhibited hardly any such properties. Cell survival was significantly low in both cells lines when treated with leaves and bark extracts. Furthermore, a striking reduction (about 70–90%) in colony formation as well as cell motility was observed upon treatment with leaves and bark. Additionally, apoptosis assay performed on these treated breast and colorectal cancer lines showed a remarkable increase in the number of apoptotic cells; with a 7 fold increase in MD-MB-231 to an increase of several fold in colorectal cancer cell lines. However, no significant apoptotic cells were detected upon seeds extract treatment. Moreover, the cell cycle distribution showed a G2/M enrichment (about 2–3 fold) indicating that these extracts effectively arrest the cell progression at the G2/M phase. The GC-MS analyses of these extracts revealed numerous known anti-cancer compounds, namely eugenol, isopropyl isothiocynate, D-allose, and hexadeconoic acid ethyl ester, all of which possess long chain hydrocarbons, sugar moiety and an aromatic ring. This suggests that the anti-cancer properties of Moringa oleifera could be attributed to the bioactive compounds present in the extracts from this plant. This is a novel study because no report has yet been cited on the effectiveness of Moringa extracts obtained in the locally grown environment as an anti-cancer agent against breast and colorectal cancers. Our study is the first of its kind to evaluate the anti-malignant properties of Moringa not only in leaves but also in bark. These findings suggest that both the leaf and bark extracts of Moringa collected from the Saudi Arabian region possess anti-cancer activity that can be used to develop new drugs for treatment of breast and colorectal cancers.
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Antiulcerogenic activity of Carica papaya seed in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2014; 388:305-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-014-1069-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) inhibits pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) activation and protects against acetaminophen- and amiodarone-induced cytotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2014; 89:57-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1230-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Nguyen NM, Gonda S, Vasas G. A Review on the Phytochemical Composition and Potential Medicinal Uses of Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) Root. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2013.790047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Capasso R, Aviello G, Romano B, Borrelli F, De Petrocellis L, Di Marzo V, Izzo AA. Modulation of mouse gastrointestinal motility by allyl isothiocyanate, a constituent of cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae): evidence for TRPA1-independent effects. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 165:1966-1977. [PMID: 21955242 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01703.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC, mustard oil), a constituent of many common cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae), activates transient receptor potential of ankyrin type-1 (TRPA1) channels, claimed to regulate gastrointestinal contractility. In this study, we have investigated the effect of AITC on intestinal motility. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Effects of AITC were investigated in vivo on upper gastrointestinal transit in mice and in mouse isolated ileum [contractions induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS), acetylcholine and spontaneous contractility]. The contractor activity of AITC was studied in mouse isolated colon. The ability of TRPA1 channel antagonists to block AITC-induced elevation of intracellular Ca(2+) [Ca(2+)](i) was assessed in HEK293 cells transfected with rat TRPA1 channels. KEY RESULTS AITC increased [Ca(2+)](i) in HEK293 cells, reduced ileal contractility (acetylcholine-, EFS-induced contractions and spontaneous contractility), but contracted the isolated colon. Gentamicin and camphor (non-selective TRPA1 channel antagonists), HC-030031 and AP18 (selective TRPA1 channel agonists) inhibited AITC-induced effects in HEK293 cells but not in the ileum or colon. AITC-induced contractions were reduced by tetrodotoxin and strongly reduced by nifedipine, cyclopiazonic acid and ryanodine. In vivo, AITC reduced (following i.p. administration) or increased (following intragastric administration) upper gastrointestinal transit in mice These effects were not affected by HC-030031. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS AITC, depending, in vitro, on the regions of gut examined and, in vivo, on the route of administration, exerted both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on intestinal motility, which were not sensitive to TRPA1 channel antagonists. The proposition that TRPA1 channels are the primary targets for AITC to induce contraction should be revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Endocannabinoid Research Group, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Endocannabinoid Research Group, National Research Council, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Gabriella Aviello
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Endocannabinoid Research Group, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Endocannabinoid Research Group, National Research Council, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Barbara Romano
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Endocannabinoid Research Group, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Endocannabinoid Research Group, National Research Council, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Francesca Borrelli
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Endocannabinoid Research Group, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Endocannabinoid Research Group, National Research Council, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Endocannabinoid Research Group, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Endocannabinoid Research Group, National Research Council, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Endocannabinoid Research Group, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Endocannabinoid Research Group, National Research Council, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Angelo A Izzo
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Endocannabinoid Research Group, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Endocannabinoid Research Group, National Research Council, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
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Holzer P. TRP channels in the digestive system. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2011; 12:24-34. [PMID: 20932260 DOI: 10.2174/138920111793937862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Several of the 28 mammalian transient receptor potential (TRP) channel subunits are expressed throughout the alimentary canal where they play important roles in taste, chemo- and mechanosensation, thermoregulation, pain and hyperalgesia, mucosal function and homeostasis, control of motility by neurons, interstitial cells of Cajal and muscle cells, and vascular function. While the implications of some TRP channels, notably TRPA1, TRPC4, TRPM5, TRPM6, TRPM7, TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPV6, have been investigated in much detail, the understanding of other TRP channels in their relevance to digestive function lags behind. The polymodal chemo- and mechanosensory function of TRPA1, TRPM5, TRPV1 and TRPV4 is particularly relevant to the alimentary canal whose digestive and absorptive function depends on the surveillance and integration of many chemical and physical stimuli. TRPV5 and TRPV6 as well as TRPM6 and TRPM7 appear to be essential for the absorption of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+), respectively, while TRPM7 appears to contribute to the pacemaker activity of the interstitial cells of Cajal, and TRPC4 transduces smooth muscle contraction evoked by muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activation. The implication of some TRP channels in pathological processes has raised enormous interest in exploiting them as a therapeutic target. This is particularly true for TRPV1, TRPV4 and TRPA1, which may be targeted for the treatment of several conditions of chronic abdominal pain. Consequently, blockers of these TRP channels have been developed, and their clinical usefulness has yet to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Holzer
- Research Unit of Translational Neurogastroenterology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Universitátsplatz 4, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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Wedelsbäck Bladh K, Olsson KM. Introduction and Use of Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) as Food and Medicine from Antiquity to the Present: Emphasis on the Nordic Countries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2011.595055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Tannic acid cross-linked gelatin–gum arabic coacervate microspheres for sustained release of allyl isothiocyanate: Characterization and in vitro release study. Food Res Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Holzer P. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels as drug targets for diseases of the digestive system. Pharmacol Ther 2011; 131:142-70. [PMID: 21420431 PMCID: PMC3107431 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 20 of the 30 mammalian transient receptor potential (TRP) channel subunits are expressed by specific neurons and cells within the alimentary canal. They subserve important roles in taste, chemesthesis, mechanosensation, pain and hyperalgesia and contribute to the regulation of gastrointestinal motility, absorptive and secretory processes, blood flow, and mucosal homeostasis. In a cellular perspective, TRP channels operate either as primary detectors of chemical and physical stimuli, as secondary transducers of ionotropic or metabotropic receptors, or as ion transport channels. The polymodal sensory function of TRPA1, TRPM5, TRPM8, TRPP2, TRPV1, TRPV3 and TRPV4 enables the digestive system to survey its physical and chemical environment, which is relevant to all processes of digestion. TRPV5 and TRPV6 as well as TRPM6 and TRPM7 contribute to the absorption of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, respectively. TRPM7 participates in intestinal pacemaker activity, and TRPC4 transduces muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activation to smooth muscle contraction. Changes in TRP channel expression or function are associated with a variety of diseases/disorders of the digestive system, notably gastro-esophageal reflux disease, inflammatory bowel disease, pain and hyperalgesia in heartburn, functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome, cholera, hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia, infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, esophageal, gastrointestinal and pancreatic cancer, and polycystic liver disease. These implications identify TRP channels as promising drug targets for the management of a number of gastrointestinal pathologies. As a result, major efforts are put into the development of selective TRP channel agonists and antagonists and the assessment of their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Holzer
- Research Unit of Translational Neurogastroenterology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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Reactions of nitroxides. Part X: Antifungal activity of selected sulfur and selenium derivatives of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:514-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.10.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Okulicz M. Multidirectional time-dependent effect of sinigrin and allyl isothiocyanate on metabolic parameters in rats. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2010; 65:217-24. [PMID: 20809411 PMCID: PMC2944953 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-010-0183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Sinigrin (SIN) and allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) are compounds found in high concentrations in Brassica family vegetables, especially in Brussels sprouts. Recently, they have been used as a nutrition supplement for their preventive and medicinal effect on some types of cancer and other diseases. In this research, nutritional significance of parent glucosinolate sinigrin 50 μmol/kg b. w./day and its degradation product allyl isothiocyanate 25 μmol/kg b. w./day and 50 μmol/kg b. w./day was studied by the evaluation of their influence on some parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in an animal rat model in vivo after their single (4 h) and 2 weeks oral administration. Additionally, the aim of this trial was to evaluate the direct action of AITC on basal and epinephrine-induced lipolysis in isolated rat adipocytes at concentration 1 μM, 10 μM and 100 μM in vitro. Sole AITC after 4 h of its ingestion caused liver triacylglycerols increment at both doses and glycaemia only at the higher dose. Multiple SIN treatment showed its putative bioconversion into AITC. It was found that SIN and AITC multiple administration in the same way strongly disturbed lipid and carbohydrate homeostasis, increasing esterified and total cholesterol, free fatty acids and lowering tracylglycerols in the blood serum. Additionally, AITC at both doses elevated insulinaemia and liver glycogen enhancement. The in vitro experiment revealed that AITC potentiated basal lipolysis process at 10 μM, and had stimulatory effect on epinephrine action at 1 μM and 10 μM. The results of this study demonstrated that the effect of SIN and AITC is multidirectional, indicating its impact on many organs like liver as well as pancreas, intestine in vivo action and rat adipocytes in vitro. Whilst consumption of cruciferous vegetables at levels currently considered "normal" seems to be beneficial to human health, this data suggest that any large increase in intake could conceivably lead to undesirable effect. This effect is potentiated with time of action of the examined compounds, whose influence is rather adverse for the majority of metabolic pathways (liver steatosis at short duration and insulinaemia, cholesterolaemia at long time treatment). Beneficial action of AITC concerned intensified hydrolysis of TG in the blood serum with a simultaneous lipolysis in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Okulicz
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, University of Life Sciences in Poznań, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
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Abstract
Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), which occurs in many common cruciferous vegetables, is widely and often frequently consumed by humans. Besides antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens, it showed anticancer activity in both cultured cancer cells and animal models, although the underlining mechanisms remain largely undefined. Bioavailability of AITC is extremely high, as nearly 90% of orally administered AITC is absorbed. AITC absorbed in vivo is metabolized mainly through the mercapturic acid pathway and excreted in urine. Available data suggest that urinary concentrations of AITC equivalent are at least ten times higher than in the plasma, and tissue levels of AITC equivalent in the urinary bladder were 14-79 times higher than in other organs after oral AITC administration to rats. These findings suggest that AITC may be most effective in the bladder as a cancer chemopreventive compound. AITC at high-dose levels also exhibit a low degree of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in animal studies, but such adverse effects are unlikely in humans exposed to dietary levels of AITC. Overall, AITC exhibits many desirable attributes of a cancer chemopreventive agent, and further studies are warranted in order to elucidate its mechanism of action and to assess its protective activity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuesheng Zhang
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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Zhang ZQ, Kim WT, Park YC, Chung D. Thermodynamics of partitioning of allyl isothiocyanate in oil/air, oil/water, and octanol/water systems. J FOOD ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2009.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sugimoto S, Chi G, Kato Y, Nakamura S, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M. Medicinal Flowers. XXVI. Structures of Acylated Oleanane-Type Triterpene Oligoglycosides, Yuchasaponins A, B, C, and D, from the Flower Buds of Camellia oleifera—Gastroprotective, Aldose Reductase Inhibitory, and Radical Scavenging Effects—. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2009; 57:269-75. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.57.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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YOSHIKAWA M, WANG T, SUGIMOTO S, NAKAMURA S, NAGATOMO A, MATSUDA H, HARIMA S. Functional Saponins in Tea Flower (Flower Buds of Camellia sinensis): Gastroprotective and Hypoglycemic Effects of Floratheasaponins and Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis Using HPLC. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2008; 128:141-51. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.128.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yoshikawa M, Sugimoto S, Nakamura S, Sakumae H, Matsuda H. Medicinal flowers. XVI. New dammarane-type triterpene tetraglycosides and gastroprotective principles from flower buds of Panax ginseng. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 55:1034-8. [PMID: 17603196 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.55.1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The oligoglycoside fraction from the flower buds of Panax ginseng C. A. MEYER (Araliaceae) was found to show protective effects on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats. From the oligoglycoside fraction, new dammarane-type triterpene tetraglycosides, floralginsenosides M, N, O, and P, were isolated together with the major oligoglycosides ginsenoside Rd and Re. The structures of the new floralginsenosides were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Ginsenoside Rd (protopanaxadiol 3,20-O-bisdesmoside) exhibited inhibitory effects on ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats.
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