1
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Li T, Cai K, Liu X, Cao H, Liu J, Wu L. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 positively regulates osteoblastic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Minerva Med 2023; 114:491-499. [PMID: 33047939 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.06588-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a pivotal role in osteoblastic differentiation. However, the exact role of STAT3 in osteogenic differentiation of the pre-osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 is still controversial. METHODS In this study, we demonstrated that eradication of STAT3 signaling by the inhibitors cryptotanshinone (CPT, a STAT3-specific inhibitor) or STAT3 siRNA both suppressed osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, with a decrease in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, protein expressions of the osteogenic differentiation markers Collagen I (ColI), ALP, and osteocalcin (OCN), and reduced matrix mineralization capacity at the terminal stage of osteogenic differentiation. However, the inhibition of STAT3 by CPT did not affect MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation. To further clarify the effect of STAT3 on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, we forced STAT3 expression and found that this ameliorated osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS Thus, our results confirmed that STAT3 is a likely positive regulator of osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings may provide a basis for the development of more efficient and controllable protocols for osteoblastic differentiation and facilitate their use in regenerative medicine. In addition, our results provide novel insights into the effect of the STAT3 antagonist CPT on modulation of osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kunzhan Cai
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongjuan Cao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Center of Science Experiment, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China -
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2
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Sekaran S, Thangavelu L. Re-appraising the role of flavonols, flavones and flavonones on osteoblasts and osteoclasts- A review on its molecular mode of action. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 355:109831. [PMID: 35120918 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone disorders have become a global concern illustrated with decreased bone mineral density and disruption in microarchitecture of natural bone tissue organization. Natural compounds that promote bone health by augmenting osteoblast functions and suppressing osteoclast functions has gained much attention and offer greater therapeutic value compared to conventional therapies. Amongst several plant-based molecules, flavonoids act as a major combatant in promoting bone health through their multi-faceted biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and osteogenic properties. They protect bone loss by regulating the signalling cascades involved in osteoblast and osteoclast functions. Flavonoids augment osteoblastogenesis and inhibits osteoclastogenesis through their modulation of various signalling pathways. This review discusses the role of various flavonoids and their molecular mechanisms involved in maintaining bone health by regulating osteoblast and osteoclast functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Sekaran
- Centre for Trans-disciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute for Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Centre for Trans-disciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute for Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
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3
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Quercetin as an Agent for Protecting the Bone: A Review of the Current Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176448. [PMID: 32899435 PMCID: PMC7503351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a flavonoid abundantly found in fruits and vegetables. It possesses a wide spectrum of biological activities, thus suggesting a role in disease prevention and health promotion. The present review aimed to uncover the bone-sparing effects of quercetin and its mechanism of action. Animal studies have found that the action of quercetin on bone is largely protective, with a small number of studies reporting negative outcomes. Quercetin was shown to inhibit RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis, osteoblast apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory response while promoting osteogenesis, angiogenesis, antioxidant expression, adipocyte apoptosis and osteoclast apoptosis. The possible underlying mechanisms involved are regulation of Wnt, NF-κB, Nrf2, SMAD-dependent, and intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. On the other hand, quercetin was shown to exert complex and competing actions on the MAPK signalling pathway to orchestrate bone metabolism, resulting in both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on bone in parallel. The overall interaction is believed to result in a positive effect on bone. Considering the important contributions of quercetin in regulating bone homeostasis, it may be considered an economical and promising agent for improving bone health. The documented preclinical findings await further validation from human clinical trials.
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4
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Xu CP, Sun HT, Yang YJ, Cui Z, Wang J, Yu B, Wang FZ, Yang QP, Qi Y. ELP2 negatively regulates osteoblastic differentiation impaired by tumor necrosis factor α in MC3T3-E1 cells through STAT3 activation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18075-18085. [PMID: 30847950 PMCID: PMC6618314 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) is a pluripotent signaling molecule. The biological effect of TNF‐α includes slowing down osteogenic differentiation, which can lead to bone dysplasia in long‐term inflammatory microenvironments. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)‐interacting protein 1 (StIP1, also known as elongator complex protein 2, ELP2) play a role in inhibiting TNF‐α‐induced osteoblast differentiation. In the present study, we investigated whether and how ELP2 activation mediates the effects of TNF‐α on osteoblastic differentiation. Using in vitro cell cultures of preosteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells, we found that TNF‐α inhibited osteoblastic differentiation accompanied by an increase in ELP2 expression and STAT3 activation. Forced ELP2 expression inhibited osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 cells, with a decrease in the expression of osteoblast marker genes, alkaline phosphatase activity, and matrix mineralization capacity. In contrast, ELP2 silencing ameliorated osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3‐E1 cells, even after TNF‐α stimulation. The TNF‐α‐induced inhibitory effect on osteoblastic differentiation was therefore mediated by ELP2, which was associated with Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/STAT3 activation. These results suggest that ELP2 is upregulated at the differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 cells into osteoblasts and inhibits osteogenic differentiation in response to TNF‐α through STAT3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Peng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Tao Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fa-Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People's Hospital of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Po Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People's Hospital of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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5
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de la Torre‐Robles A, Monteagudo C, Mariscal‐Arcas M, Lorenzo‐Tovar ML, Olea‐Serrano F, Rivas A. Effect of Light Exposure on the Quality and Phenol Content of Commercial Extra Virgin Olive Oil during 12‐Month Storage. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia de la Torre‐Robles
- Research Group on Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment‐AGR255, Nutrition and Food Science DepartmentUniversity of Granada Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Celia Monteagudo
- Research Group on Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment‐AGR255, Nutrition and Food Science DepartmentUniversity of Granada Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Miguel Mariscal‐Arcas
- Research Group on Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment‐AGR255, Nutrition and Food Science DepartmentUniversity of Granada Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Lorenzo‐Tovar
- Research Group on Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment‐AGR255, Nutrition and Food Science DepartmentUniversity of Granada Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Fátima Olea‐Serrano
- Research Group on Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment‐AGR255, Nutrition and Food Science DepartmentUniversity of Granada Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Ana Rivas
- Research Group on Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment‐AGR255, Nutrition and Food Science DepartmentUniversity of Granada Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada Spain
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6
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Yi L, Li Z, Jiang H, Cao Z, Liu J, Zhang X. Gene Modification of Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β) and Interleukin 10 (IL-10) in Suppressing Mt Sonicate Induced Osteoclast Formation and Bone Absorption. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:5200-5207. [PMID: 30050032 PMCID: PMC6076426 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarticular tuberculosis is an osteolytic lesion caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Inflammatory factors such as TNF-α play a critical role in anti-tuberculosis immunity by regulating osteoblast and osteoclast functions. Both TGF-β and IL-10 have immune suppression effects to downregulate secretion and release of inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α, that play roles in regulating osteoblast and osteoclast functions. This study thus investigated the effects of osteoclast with modified TGF-β and IL-10 gene expression on MTB-induced osteoclast formation and bone absorption. Material/Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro to generate a co-culture system. MTB powder lysed by ultrasound (Mt sonicate) were added in gradients to observe osteoblast formation and osteoclast absorption. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry, while ELISA was used assess TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-10. Viral vectors carrying TGF-β or IL-10 gene were used to transfect osteoclasts, followed by ELISA assay. Bone absorption and osteoblast apoptosis were compared among groups. Results Mt sonicate significantly facilitated osteoclast formation and bone formation. It upregulated contents of TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-10, induced osteoblast apoptosis, enhanced RANKL expression in osteoblasts, and decreased OPG expression. Overexpression of TGF-β and/or IL-10 significantly decreased its upregulation effect on TNF-α by Mt sonicate, and hindered Mt sonicate-induced osteoblast apoptosis, osteoclast formation, and bone absorption. Conclusions Overexpression of TGF-β and IL-10 significantly inhibits TMB-induced TNF-α synthesis and release, suppresses osteoblast apoptosis, and hinders osteoclast formation and bone absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lankai Yi
- Department of Hand and Foot Bone Surgery, People's Hospital of Weifang City in Shandong Province, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Bone Surgery, People's Hospital of Weifang City in Shandong Province, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Housen Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot Bone Surgery, People's Hospital of Weifang City in Shandong Province, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhenhao Cao
- Department of Hand and Foot Bone Surgery, People's Hospital of Weifang City in Shandong Province, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Junhua Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Madian Hospital of Shouguang City Shandong Province, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoqi Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Diseases of the Pleura, The Second People's Hospital of Weifang City, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
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7
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Shalom J, Cock IE. Terminalia ferdinandianaExell. Fruit and Leaf Extracts Inhibit Proliferation and Induce Apoptosis in Selected Human Cancer Cell Lines. Nutr Cancer 2018; 70:579-593. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1460680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Shalom
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ian E. Cock
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
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8
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Melguizo-Rodríguez L, Manzano-Moreno FJ, De Luna-Bertos E, Rivas A, Ramos-Torrecillas J, Ruiz C, García-Martínez O. Effect of olive oil phenolic compounds on osteoblast differentiation. Eur J Clin Invest 2018; 48. [PMID: 29392706 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength that predisposes individuals to an increased risk of fracture. Previous in vivo and in vitro studies have reported that phenolic compounds present in extra virgin olive oil have a beneficial effect on osteoblasts in terms of increase cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to determine whether phenolic compounds present in olive oil could modify the expression of cell differentiation markers on osteoblasts. STUDY DESIGN An in vitro experimental design was performed using MG-63 osteoblasts cell line. METHODS MG63 cells were exposed to different doses of luteolin, apigenin, or p-coumaric, caffeic or ferulic acid. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was evaluated by spectrophotometry and antigen expression (cluster of differentiation [CD] 54, CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR) by flow cytometry. RESULTS At 24 hour, treated groups showed an increased ALP and modulated antigen profile, with respect to the nontreated group. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that the phenolic compounds studied induce cell maturation in vitro, increasing ALP synthesis and reducing the expression of antigens involved in immune functions of the osteoblast which would improve bone density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Manzano-Moreno
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.,Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Elvira De Luna-Bertos
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Rivas
- Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.,AGR-255 Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Ramos-Torrecillas
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción Ruiz
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience Federico Olóriz, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Olga García-Martínez
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
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9
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Torre E. Molecular signaling mechanisms behind polyphenol-induced bone anabolism. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2017; 16:1183-1226. [PMID: 29200988 PMCID: PMC5696504 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-017-9529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
For millennia, in the different cultures all over the world, plants have been extensively used as a source of therapeutic agents with wide-ranging medicinal applications, thus becoming part of a rational clinical and pharmacological investigation over the years. As bioactive molecules, plant-derived polyphenols have been demonstrated to exert many effects on human health by acting on different biological systems, thus their therapeutic potential would represent a novel approach on which natural product-based drug discovery and development could be based in the future. Many reports have provided evidence for the benefits derived from the dietary supplementation of polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Polyphenols are able to protect the bone, thanks to their antioxidant properties, as well as their anti-inflammatory actions by involving diverse signaling pathways, thus leading to bone anabolic effects and decreased bone resorption. This review is meant to summarize the research works performed so far, by elucidating the molecular mechanisms of action of polyphenols in a bone regeneration context, aiming at a better understanding of a possible application in the development of medical devices for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Torre
- Nobil Bio Ricerche srl, Via Valcastellana, 26, 14037 Portacomaro, AT Italy
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10
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Pan WH, Yeh NH, Yang RY, Lin WH, Wu WC, Yeh WT, Sung MK, Lee HS, Chang SJ, Huang CJ, Lin BF, Chiang MT. Vegetable, fruit, and phytonutrient consumption patterns in Taiwan. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 26:145-153. [PMID: 29389550 PMCID: PMC9332634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytonutrients may play important roles in human health and yet only recently a few studies have described phytonutrient consumption patterns, using data obtained from daily consumption methods. We aimed to estimate the phytonutrient content in Taiwanese diets and analyzed main food sources of 10 major phytonutrients. In this study, food items and dietary data gathered with the 24-hour dietary recall from 2908 participants in the 2005–2008 Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan were used to create a food phytonutrient database with 933 plant-based foods through integrating database, literature search, and chemical analysis and to appraise phytonutrient consumption status of participants. SUDAAN (Survey Data Analysis) was used for generating weighted phytonutrient intake estimates and for statistical testing. In Taiwanese adults, ~20% met the recommended number of servings for fruits and 30% met that for vegetables from the Taiwan Food-Guide recommendations. However, only 7.4% consumed the recommended numbers for both fruits and vegetables. Those meeting the recommendations tended to be older and with more females compared with those who did not. Phytonutrient intake levels were higher in meeters than nonmeeters. More than 60% of α-carotene, lycopene, hesperetin, epigallocatechin 3-gallate, and isoflavones came from a single phytonutrient-specific food source. In addition, sweet potato leaf, spinach, and water spinach were among the top three sources of multiple phytonutrients. Cross-comparison between this study and two previous studies with similar methodology showed higher mean levels of lycopene and quercetin in the United States, anthocyanidins in Korea, and lutein and zeaxanthin in Taiwan. The Taiwanese phytonutrient pattern is different from that of the Korean and American. It would be interesting to relate phytonutrient patterns to health profiles in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Harn Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Nai-Hua Yeh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Yu Yang
- Nutrition, The World Vegetable Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Wu
- Nutrition, The World Vegetable Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ting Yeh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mi-Kyung Sung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haeng-Shin Lee
- Department of Health Industry and Policy, Korea Health Industry Development Institute, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Sue-Joan Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jang Huang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Fong Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Tsan Chiang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
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11
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Babosová R, Omelka R, Ďúranová H, Kováčová V, Lukáčová M, Capcarová M, Martiniaková M. Quercetin-induced changes in femoral bone microstructure of adult male rabbits. POTRAVINARSTVO 2016. [DOI: 10.5219/607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a group of plant metabolites with antioxidant effects. One of the most abundant flavonoids in the human diet is quercetin. It is found widely in fruits, vegetables and has a lot of beneficial effects on human health. Quercetin has a positive pharmacological effect on bone metabolism and it prevents the organism against bone loss. However, its impact on the size of basic structural units of the compact bone is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of present study was to investigate the impact of the quercetin on femoral bone microstructure in 5-month-old male rabbits. Five rabbits of Californian broiler line were randomly divided into two groups. In the experimental group (E group; n=3), animals were intramuscularly injected with quercetin at dose 1000 μg.kg-1 body weight (bw) for 90 days, 3 times per week. Two rabbits without quercetin administration served as a control group (C group). According to our results, intramuscular application of quercetin had an insignificant effect on cortical bone thickness in male rabbits. In these rabbits, changes in qualitative histological characteristics were present in the middle part of the compacta, where primary vascular longitudinal bone tissue was present and expanded there from the periosteum. Also, a lower number of secondary osteons was found in these animals. From the histomorphometrical point of view, significantly decreased sizes of primary osteons' vascular canals and secondary osteons (p <0.05) were found in rabbits administered by quercetin. Our findings indicate that subchronic administration of quercetin at the dose used in our study had considerable impact on both qualitative and quantitative histological characteristics of the compact bone in adult male rabbits.
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12
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Messer JG, La S, Hopkins RG, Kipp DE. Quercetin Partially Preserves Development of Osteoblast Phenotype in Fetal Rat Calvaria Cells in an Oxidative Stress Environment. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:2779-88. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G. Messer
- Department of Nutrition; University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Greensboro North Carolina
| | - Stephanie La
- Department of Nutrition; University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Greensboro North Carolina
| | - Robin G. Hopkins
- Department of Nutrition; University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Greensboro North Carolina
| | - Deborah E. Kipp
- Department of Nutrition; University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Greensboro North Carolina
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13
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Forte L, Torricelli P, Boanini E, Gazzano M, Rubini K, Fini M, Bigi A. Antioxidant and bone repair properties of quercetin-functionalized hydroxyapatite: An in vitro osteoblast-osteoclast-endothelial cell co-culture study. Acta Biomater 2016; 32:298-308. [PMID: 26689470 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxy-flavone) is a flavonoid known for its pharmacological activities, which include antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as possible beneficial action on diseases involving bone loss. In this work, we explored the possibility to functionalize hydroxyapatite (HA) with quercetin in order to obtain new materials for bone repair through local administration of the flavonoid. HA was synthesized in presence of different concentrations of quercetin according to two different procedures: direct synthesis and phase transition from monetite. Direct synthesis lead to composite nanocrystals containing up to 3.1 wt% quercetin, which provokes a reduction of the crystals mean dimensions and of the length of the coherently scattering domains. Synthesis conditions provoke a partial oxidation of quercetin and, as a consequence, a significant reduction of its radical scavenging activity (RSA). On the other hand, synthesis through phase transition yields samples containing up to 1.3 wt% of quercetin incorporated into hydroxyapatite, with minor structural modifications, which exhibit relevant anti-oxidant activities, as testified by their high RSA levels, (slightly lower than that of pure quercetin). The biological response to these materials was tested using an innovative triculture model involving osteoblast, osteoclast and endothelial cells, in order to mimic bone microenvironment. The results show that the presence of quercetin in the composite materials enhances human osteoblast-like MG63 proliferation and differentiation, whereas it downregulates osteoclastogenesis of osteoclast precursors 2T-110, and supports proliferation and differentiation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The pharmacological activities of the flavonoid quercetin include anti-oxidant and antiinflammatory properties, as well as capability to prevent bone loss. In this paper, we demonstrate that it is possible to synthesize hydroxyapatite functionalized with different amounts of quercetin and obtain new composite materials which display both the good bioactivity of the inorganic phase and the therapeutic properties of the flavonoid. The innovative in vitro model developed in this study, which involves co-culture of osteoblast, osteoclast and endothelial cells, allows to state that the new materials exert a beneficial action onto bone repair microenvironment, stimulating osteoblast proliferation and activity, downregulating osteoclastogenesis, and supporting microangiogenetic processes necessary for new bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Forte
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Torricelli
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Research Institute Codivilla Putti - Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Boanini
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Massimo Gazzano
- ISOF-CNR, c/o Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Rubini
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Research Institute Codivilla Putti - Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, via di Barbiano, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Adriana Bigi
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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de Oliveira MR, Nabavi SM, Braidy N, Setzer WN, Ahmed T, Nabavi SF. Quercetin and the mitochondria: A mechanistic view. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 34:532-549. [PMID: 26740171 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin is an important flavonoid that is ubiquitously present in the diet in a variety of fruits and vegetables. It has been traditionally viewed as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule. However, recent studies have suggested that quercetin may exert its beneficial effects independent of its free radical-scavenging properties. Attention has been placed on the effect of quercetin on an array of mitochondrial processes. Quercetin is now recognized as a phytochemical that can modulate pathways associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial membrane potential, oxidative respiration and ATP anabolism, intra-mitochondrial redox status, and subsequently, mitochondria-induced apoptosis. The present review evaluates recent evidence on the ability of quercetin to interact with the abovementioned pathways, and critically analyses how, such interactions can exert protection against mitochondrial damage in response to toxicity induced by several exogenously and endogenously-produced cellular stressors, and oxidative stress in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, ICET, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, CEP 78060-900, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - Touqeer Ahmed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Fatokun AA, Tome M, Smith RA, Darlington LG, Stone TW. Protection by the flavonoids quercetin and luteolin against peroxide- or menadione-induced oxidative stress in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:1127-32. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.980252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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García-Martínez O, Rivas A, Ramos-Torrecillas J, De Luna-Bertos E, Ruiz C. The effect of olive oil on osteoporosis prevention. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2014; 65:834-40. [PMID: 24975408 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.931361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The incidence of osteoporosis and associated fractures is found to be lower in countries where the Mediterranean diet is predominant. These observations might be mediated by the active constituents of olive oil and especially phenolic compounds. OBJECTIVE To review current knowledge by searching for all relevant publications since 2001 in the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases, using the descriptors: Mediterranean diet, virgin olive oil, phenols, bone, osteoblast and osteoporosis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Published evidence suggests that olive oil phenols can be beneficial by preventing the loss of bone mass. It has been demonstrated that they can modulate the proliferative capacity and cell maturation of osteoblasts by increasing alkaline phosphatase activity and depositing calcium ions in the extracellular matrix. Further research on this issue is warranted, given the prevalence of osteoporosis and the few data available on the action of olive oil on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga García-Martínez
- BIO277 Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada , Avda de Madrid s/n, Granada , Spain
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17
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Derakhshanian H, Djalali M, Djazayery A, Nourijelyani K, Ghadbeigi S, Pishva H, Saedisomeolia A, Bahremand A, Dehpour AR. Quercetin prevents experimental glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: a comparative study with alendronate. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 91:380-5. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2012-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) is the most common type of secondary osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of quercetin, a plant-derived flavonoid, with alendronate in the prevention of GIO. Fifty-six Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly distributed among 7 groups (8 rats per group) and treated for 6 weeks with one of the following: (i) normal saline; (ii) 40 mg methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MP)/kg body mass; (iii) MP + 40 μg alendronate/kg; (iv) MP + 50 mg quercetin/kg; (v) MP + 40 μg alendronate/kg + 50 mg quercetin/kg; (vi) MP + 150 mg quercetin/kg; and (vii) MP + 40 μg alendronate/kg + 150 mg quercetin/kg. MP and alendronate were injected subcutaneously and quercetin was administered by oral gavage 3 days a week. At the end of the study, femur breaking strength was significantly decreased as a consequence of MP injection. This decrease was completely compensated for in groups receiving 50 mg quercetin/kg plus alendronate, and 150 mg quercetin/kg with or without alendronate. Quercetin noticeably elevated osteocalcin as a bone formation marker, while alendronate did not show such an effect. In addition, administration of 150 mg quercetin/kg increased femoral trabecular and cortical thickness by 36% and 22%, respectively, compared with the MP-treated group. These data suggest that 150 mg quercetin/kg, alone or in combination with alendronate, can completely prevent GIO through its bone formation stimulatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Derakhshanian
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 14155-6446 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Djalali
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 14155-6446 Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolghassem Djazayery
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 14155-6446 Tehran, Iran
| | - Keramat Nourijelyani
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Ghadbeigi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Pishva
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 14155-6446 Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Saedisomeolia
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 14155-6446 Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Bahremand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Derakhshanian H, Ghadbeigi S, Rezaian M, Bahremand A, Javanbakht MH, Golpaie A, Hosseinzadeh P, Tajik N, Dehpour AR. Quercetin improves bone strength in experimental biliary cirrhosis. Hepatol Res 2013; 43:394-400. [PMID: 22882531 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2012.01075.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Metabolic bone disorders and reduced bone mass are common complications in patients with biliary cirrhosis. As a result of there being no clear etiology, no specific therapy has been established yet. Previous studies have reported that quercetin, a plant-derived flavonoid, might improve bone quality. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of quercetin on bone strength of biliary cirrhotic rats. METHODS Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6-7 months were randomized into three groups of eight. One group served as control (sham operated), while the other two groups underwent a complete bile duct ligation (BDL). Four weeks after the operation, serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were measured in animal blood samples to confirm the occurrence of cirrhosis in the BDL rats. Then, one of the BDL groups received placebo and the other one was injected once a day with 150 µmol/kg of quercetin for 4 weeks. At the end of the study, femora were removed and tested for bone strength and histomorphometric parameters. The serum levels of osteocalcin, C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen, calcium and phosphorus were determined as bone turnover markers. RESULTS Femur breaking strength was dramatically lower in the BDL group compared with control. However, receiving quercetin could reverse the deteriorating effect of cirrhosis on bone strength of BDL rats. Quercetin could noticeably elevate osteocalcin as a bone formation marker. CONCLUSION These data suggest that quercetin can significantly improve bone strength particularly due to increasing bone formation in biliary cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Derakhshanian
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Histology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, The International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Kish, Iran
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Azab HA, Hussein BH, El-Azab MF, Gomaa M, El-Falouji AI. Bis(acridine-9-carboxylate)-nitro-europium(III) dihydrate complex a new apoptotic agent through Flk-1 down regulation, caspase-3 activation and oligonucleosomes DNA fragmentation. Bioorg Med Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Murphy MM, Barraj LM, Herman D, Bi X, Cheatham R, Randolph RK. Phytonutrient intake by adults in the United States in relation to fruit and vegetable consumption. J Acad Nutr Diet 2012; 112:222-9. [PMID: 22741166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2011.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals consuming diets dense in fruits and vegetables consume an array of phytonutrients as well as recognized nutritional components, including vitamins, minerals, and fiber. There is a growing body of evidence that phytonutrients may play positive roles in health. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this research was to estimate usual intakes of nine individual phytonutrients by Americans consuming recommended levels of fruits and vegetables compared to intakes by adults not meeting these recommendations, and to identify contributions of food sources to total phytonutrient intakes. The phytonutrients examined in this study are found predominantly in fruits and vegetables. DESIGN Food consumption data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2003-2006 and phytonutrient concentration data from US Department of Agriculture databases and the published literature were used to estimate energy-adjusted usual intakes. Student's t tests were used to compare mean energy-adjusted phytonutrient intakes between subpopulations who consumed recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables vs those who did not. Percentage contributions of each phytonutrient by food source were estimated for all adults. RESULTS Energy-adjusted intakes of all phytonutrients other than ellagic acid were considerably higher among both men and women meeting dietary recommendations for fruit and vegetable intakes compared to those not meeting the recommendations; energy-adjusted intakes of ellagic acid were higher only among women meeting vs not meeting the recommendations. For five of the nine phytonutrients (α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, hesperetin, and ellagic acid), a single food accounted for 64% or more of the total intake of the phytonutrient. CONCLUSIONS Energy-adjusted intakes of carotenoids and flavonoids are higher among men and women whose diets conform to dietary guidance for fruits and vegetables. A limited number of foods provide the majority of these phytonutrients. Findings from this research provide important reference information on the phytonutrient contributions of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Murphy
- Exponent, Inc, 1150 Connecticut Ave, NW, Suite 1100, Washington, DC 20036, USA.
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21
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Siddiqui JA, Swarnkar G, Sharan K, Chakravarti B, Gautam AK, Rawat P, Kumar M, Gupta V, Manickavasagam L, Dwivedi AK, Maurya R, Chattopadhyay N. A naturally occurring rare analog of quercetin promotes peak bone mass achievement and exerts anabolic effect on osteoporotic bone. Osteoporos Int 2011; 22:3013-27. [PMID: 21225417 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-010-1519-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The effect of quercetin C-glucoside (QCG) on osteoblast function in vitro and bone formation in vivo was investigated. QCG supplementation promoted peak bone mass achievement in growing rats and new bone formation in osteopenic rats. QCG has substantial oral bioavailability. Findings suggest a significant bone anabolic effect of QCG. INTRODUCTION Recently, we showed that extracts of Ulmus wallichiana promoted peak bone mass achievement in growing rats and preserved trabecular bone mass and cortical bone strength in ovariectomized (OVx) rats. 3,3',4',5,7-Pentahydroxyflavone-6-C-β-D-glucopyranoside, a QCG, is the most abundant bioactive compound of U. wallichiana extract. We hypothesize that QCG exerts bone anabolic effects by stimulating osteoblast function. METHODS Osteoblast cultures were harvested from rat calvaria and bone marrow (BM) to study differentiation and mineralization. In vivo, growing female Sprague Dawley rats and OVx rats with osteopenia were administered QCG (5.0 or 10.0 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) orally for 12 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated by examining changes in bone microarchitecture using histomorphometric and microcomputed tomographic analyses and by determination of new bone formation by fluorescent labeling of bone. Plasma and BM levels of QCG were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS QCG was much more potent than quercetin (Q) in stimulating osteoblast differentiation, and the effect of QCG was not mediated by estrogen receptors. In growing rats, QCG increased BM osteoprogenitors, bone mineral density, bone formation rate, and cortical deposition. In osteopenic rats, QCG treatment increased bone formation rate and improved trabecular microarchitecture. Comparison with the sham group (ovary intact) revealed significant restoration of trabecular bone in osteopenic rats treated with QCG. QCG levels in the BM were ~50% of that of the plasma levels. CONCLUSION QCG stimulated modeling-directed bone accrual and exerted anabolic effects on osteopenic rats by direct stimulatory effect on osteoprogenitors likely due to substantial QCG delivery at tissue level following oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Siddiqui
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Chattar Manzil, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow, India
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Muthusami S, Ramachandran I, Krishnamoorthy S, Govindan R, Narasimhan S. Cissus quadrangularis augments IGF system components in human osteoblast like SaOS-2 cells. Growth Horm IGF Res 2011; 21:343-348. [PMID: 22015109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a public health problem which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Growth factors are produced locally in the bone and control cellular events such as induction of bone growth. Signaling through the Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I receptor (IGF-IR) by locally synthesized IGF - I or IGF-II in osteoblast is considered crucial for normal development and for bone remodeling. Traditional use of Cissus quadrangularis (C. quadrangularis) in the treatment of bone disorders have been documented, however its regulatory effects on IGF system components remain largely unknown. The present study is employed to delineate the effects of ethanolic extract of C. quadrangularis on the regulation of IGF system components in human osteoblast like SaOS-2 cells. RT-PCR analysis revealed an increase in the mRNA expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-IR in cells treated with C. quadrangularis when compared with control cells. The mRNA expression of IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) did not differ significantly between control and C. quadrangularis treated cells. Immunoradiometric analysis revealed increased levels of IGF-I, IGF-II and IGFBP-3 in the conditioned medium of C. quadrangularis treated cultures when compared with control. Western blotting analysis revealed increase in protein levels of IGF-IR in cells treated with C. quadrangularis. These results indicate positive regulation of C. quadrangularis on the IGF system components of human osteoblast like SaOS-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Muthusami
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr.ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani campus, Chennai, India
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Braun KF, Ehnert S, Freude T, Egaña JT, Schenck TL, Buchholz A, Schmitt A, Siebenlist S, Schyschka L, Neumaier M, Stöckle U, Nussler AK. Quercetin protects primary human osteoblasts exposed to cigarette smoke through activation of the antioxidative enzymes HO-1 and SOD-1. ScientificWorldJournal 2011; 11:2348-57. [PMID: 22203790 PMCID: PMC3236410 DOI: 10.1100/2011/471426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Smokers frequently suffer from impaired fracture healing often due to poor bone quality and stability. Cigarette smoking harms bone cells and their homeostasis by increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to investigate whether Quercetin, a naturally occurring antioxidant, can protect osteoblasts from the toxic effects of smoking. Human osteoblasts exposed to cigarette smoke medium (CSM) rapidly produced ROS and their viability decreased concentration- and time-dependently. Co-, pre- and postincubation with Quercetin dose-dependently improved their viability. Quercetin increased the expression of the anti-oxidative enzymes heme-oxygenase- (HO-) 1 and superoxide-dismutase- (SOD-) 1. Inhibiting HO-1 activity abolished the protective effect of Quercetin. Our results demonstrate that CSM damages human osteoblasts by accumulation of ROS. Quercetin can diminish this damage by scavenging the radicals and by upregulating the expression of HO-1 and SOD-1. Thus, a dietary supplementation with Quercetin could improve bone matter, stability and even fracture healing in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl F Braun
- Department of Traumatology, MRI, Techincal University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
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Leonarduzzi G, Sottero B, Poli G. Targeting tissue oxidative damage by means of cell signaling modulators: The antioxidant concept revisited. Pharmacol Ther 2010; 128:336-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Suh DK, Lee EJ, Kim HC, Kim JH. Induction of G(1)/S phase arrest and apoptosis by quercetin in human osteosarcoma cells. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:781-5. [PMID: 20512478 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0519-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2009] [Revised: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is a polyphenolic flavonoid compound and is found in a variety of plants. Potential biological activities including antioxidant and anticarcinogenesis have been reported. The antiproliferative effect and apoptosis inducing effect of quercetin in human osteosarcoma cells was evaluated in this study. The IC(50) values were 290 microM and 160 microM at 24 h and 48 h incubation, respectively. Antiproliferative action of quercetin appeared to be linked to apoptotic cell death based on increase in the sub-G(1) apoptotic cell population analyzed by flow cytometric analysis. Prior to apoptosis induction, quercetin caused cell cycle arrest at G(1)/S phase. The G(1)/S phase arrest was accompanied by down regulation of cyclin D1, one of the cyclins required for advance from G(1) to S. Subsequent apoptosis was induced by the gradual activation of caspase-3 and the cleavage of PARP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doo Kyo Suh
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Recent research has provided insights into dietary components that may optimise bone health and stimulate bone formation. Fruit and vegetable intake, as well as grains and other plant-derived food, have been linked to decreased risk of major chronic diseases including osteoporosis. This effect has been partially attributed to the polyphenols found in these foods. Thus, it has been suggested that these compounds may provide desirable bone health benefits through an action on bone cell metabolism. The present review will focus on how some polyphenols can modulate osteoblast function and reports which cellular signalling pathways are potentially implicated. However, to date, despite numerous investigations, few studies have provided clear evidence that phenolic compounds can act on osteoblasts. Polyphenols cited in the present review seem to be able to modulate the expression of transcription factors such as runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) and Osterix, NF-kappaB and activator protein-1 (AP-1). It appears that polyphenols may act on cellular signalling such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), oestrogen receptor and osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (OPG/RANKL) and thus may affect osteoblast functions. However, it is also important to take in account the possible interaction of these compounds on osteoclast metabolism to better understand the positive correlation reported between the consumption of fruit and vegetables and bone mass.
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Jeon YM, Kook SH, Son YO, Kim EM, Park SS, Kim JG, Lee JC. Role of MAPK in mechanical force-induced up-regulation of type I collagen and osteopontin in human gingival fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biochem 2008; 320:45-52. [PMID: 18682895 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-008-9897-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2008] [Accepted: 07/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In addition to periodontal ligament, the gingival plays an important role in alveolar bone remodeling induced by physiological and mechanical stimuli. However, there are few reports showing the cellular responses of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) to a mechanical force. This study examined the effects of centrifugal force on the proliferation of the bone tissue components, such as type I collagen (COL I), osteopontin (OPN), and osteonectin (ONN) in the HGF. The roles of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p-38 kinase were also investigated. Centrifugal force induced cell cycle arrest in the G(1) phase without any cytotoxic effects and increased the levels of COL I and OPN expression in the cells but had no effect on ONN. The force-induced up-regulation of COL I was found to be mediated by both the ERK-c-Fos-COL I and JNK-c-Jun-COL I pathways, while that of OPN was mediated only by the ERK-mediated pathway. Our present findings suggest that centrifugal force up-regulates COL I and OPN expression in HGF, where both ERK and JNK play indispensable roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mi Jeon
- School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
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