1
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Scheffler P, Fung C, Momjian S, Koessinger D, Häni L, Neidert N, Straehle J, Volz F, Schnell O, Beck J, El Rahal A. Dexamethasone in Patients with Glioblastoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1393. [PMID: 38611071 PMCID: PMC11011080 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glioblastomas are the most common primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Although modern management strategies have modestly improved overall survival, the prognosis remains dismal, with treatment side effects often impinging on the clinical course. Glioblastomas cause neurological dysfunction by infiltrating CNS tissue and via perifocal oedema formation. The administration of steroids such as dexamethasone is thought to alleviate symptoms by reducing oedema. However, despite its widespread use, the evidence for the administration of dexamethasone is limited and conflicting. Therefore, we aimed to review the current evidence concerning the use and outcomes of dexamethasone in patients with glioblastoma. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the PRISMA-P guidelines. We performed a restricted search using the keywords "Dexamethasone" and "Glioblastoma" on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Academic Search Premier. We included studies reporting on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in glioblastoma patients receiving higher or lower dexamethasone doses. The risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I. We performed a meta-analysis using a random effects model for OS and PFS. RESULTS Twenty-two retrospective studies were included. Higher doses of dexamethasone were associated with poorer OS (hazard ratio 1.62, confidence interval 1.40-1.88) and PFS (1.49, 1.23-1.81). OS remained worse even when studies corrected for clinical status (1.52, 1.38-1.67). CONCLUSION Despite the widespread use of dexamethasone in glioblastoma patients, its use is correlated with worse long-term outcomes. Consequently, Dexamethasone administration should be restricted to selected symptomatic patients. Future prospective studies are crucial to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Scheffler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, 79098 Freiburg, Germany; (P.S.)
| | - Christian Fung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, 79098 Freiburg, Germany; (P.S.)
| | - Shahan Momjian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Geneva University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Koessinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, 79098 Freiburg, Germany; (P.S.)
| | - Levin Häni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, 79098 Freiburg, Germany; (P.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Neidert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, 79098 Freiburg, Germany; (P.S.)
- Berta-Ottenstein Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79098 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Straehle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, 79098 Freiburg, Germany; (P.S.)
| | - Florian Volz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, 79098 Freiburg, Germany; (P.S.)
| | - Oliver Schnell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, 79098 Freiburg, Germany; (P.S.)
| | - Jürgen Beck
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, 79098 Freiburg, Germany; (P.S.)
| | - Amir El Rahal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, 79098 Freiburg, Germany; (P.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Geneva University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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2
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Onciul R, Brehar FM, Toader C, Covache-Busuioc RA, Glavan LA, Bratu BG, Costin HP, Dumitrascu DI, Serban M, Ciurea AV. Deciphering Glioblastoma: Fundamental and Novel Insights into the Biology and Therapeutic Strategies of Gliomas. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2402-2443. [PMID: 38534769 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas constitute a diverse and complex array of tumors within the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by a wide range of prognostic outcomes and responses to therapeutic interventions. This literature review endeavors to conduct a thorough investigation of gliomas, with a particular emphasis on glioblastoma (GBM), beginning with their classification and epidemiological characteristics, evaluating their relative importance within the CNS tumor spectrum. We examine the immunological context of gliomas, unveiling the intricate immune environment and its ramifications for disease progression and therapeutic strategies. Moreover, we accentuate critical developments in understanding tumor behavior, focusing on recent research breakthroughs in treatment responses and the elucidation of cellular signaling pathways. Analyzing the most novel transcriptomic studies, we investigate the variations in gene expression patterns in glioma cells, assessing the prognostic and therapeutic implications of these genetic alterations. Furthermore, the role of epigenetic modifications in the pathogenesis of gliomas is underscored, suggesting that such changes are fundamental to tumor evolution and possible therapeutic advancements. In the end, this comparative oncological analysis situates GBM within the wider context of neoplasms, delineating both distinct and shared characteristics with other types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razvan Onciul
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Neurosurgery Department, Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Felix-Mircea Brehar
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital "Bagdasar-Arseni", 041915 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Toader
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases, 077160 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Luca-Andrei Glavan
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Gabriel Bratu
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horia Petre Costin
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - David-Ioan Dumitrascu
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Matei Serban
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Vlad Ciurea
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Neurosurgery Department, Sanador Clinical Hospital, 010991 Bucharest, Romania
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3
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Arora H, Mammi M, Patel NM, Zyfi D, Dasari HR, Yunusa I, Simjian T, Smith TR, Mekary RA. Dexamethasone and overall survival and progression free survival in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma: a meta-analysis. J Neurooncol 2024; 166:17-26. [PMID: 38151699 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04549-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastomas, the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults, still hold poor prognosis. Corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone, are usually prescribed to reduce peritumoral edema and limit neurological symptoms, although potential detrimental effects of these drugs have been described. The present meta-analysis aimed to explore the association of dexamethasone with overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for pertinent studies following the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis checklist. Pooled multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for OS and PFS and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effects model and the heterogeneity among studies was assessed using I2. The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE criteria. RESULTS Seven studies were included, pooling data of 1,257 patients, with age varying from 11 to 81 years. Glioblastoma patients on pre- or peri-operative dexamethasone were associated with a significantly poorer overall survival (HR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.55; 7 studies; I2: 59.9%) and progression free survival (HR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.97; 3 studies; I2: 71.1%) compared to patients not on dexamethasone. The quality of evidence was moderate for overall survival and low for progression free survival. CONCLUSION Dexamethasone appeared to be associated with poor survival outcomes of glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshit Arora
- Computational Neuroscience Outcomes Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marco Mammi
- Neurosurgery Division, "M. Bufalini" Hospital, Cesena, Italy
| | - Naisargi Manishkumar Patel
- School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dea Zyfi
- School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hema Reddy Dasari
- School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ismael Yunusa
- School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) University, Boston, MA, USA
- College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Thomas Simjian
- School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy R Smith
- Computational Neuroscience Outcomes Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rania A Mekary
- Computational Neuroscience Outcomes Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) University, Boston, MA, USA.
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4
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Sokolov DK, Shevelev OB, Khotskina AS, Tsidulko AY, Strokotova AV, Kazanskaya GM, Volkov AM, Kliver EE, Aidagulova SV, Zavjalov EL, Grigorieva EV. Dexamethasone Inhibits Heparan Sulfate Biosynthetic System and Decreases Heparan Sulfate Content in Orthotopic Glioblastoma Tumors in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10243. [PMID: 37373391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is an aggressive cancer with a high probability of recurrence, despite active chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ) and dexamethasone (DXM). These systemic drugs affect the glycosylated components of brain tissue involved in GB development; however, their effects on heparan sulfate (HS) remain unknown. Here, we used an animal model of GB relapse in which SCID mice first received TMZ and/or DXM (simulating postoperative treatment) with a subsequent inoculation of U87 human GB cells. Control, peritumor and U87 xenograft tissues were investigated for HS content, HS biosynthetic system and glucocorticoid receptor (GR, Nr3c1). In normal and peritumor brain tissues, TMZ/DXM administration decreased HS content (5-6-fold) but did not affect HS biosynthetic system or GR expression. However, the xenograft GB tumors grown in the pre-treated animals demonstrated a number of molecular changes, despite the fact that they were not directly exposed to TMZ/DXM. The tumors from DXM pre-treated animals possessed decreased HS content (1.5-2-fold), the inhibition of HS biosynthetic system mainly due to the -3-3.5-fold down-regulation of N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferases (Ndst1 and Ndst2) and sulfatase 2 (Sulf2) expression and a tendency toward a decreased expression of the GRalpha but not the GRbeta isoform. The GRalpha expression levels in tumors from DXM or TMZ pre-treated mice were positively correlated with the expression of a number of HS biosynthesis-involved genes (Ext1/2, Ndst1/2, Glce, Hs2st1, Hs6st1/2), unlike tumors that have grown in intact SCID mice. The obtained data show that DXM affects HS content in mouse brain tissues, and GB xenografts grown in DXM pre-treated animals demonstrate attenuated HS biosynthesis and decreased HS content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry K Sokolov
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Oleg B Shevelev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | | | - Alexandra Y Tsidulko
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Anastasia V Strokotova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Galina M Kazanskaya
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Alexander M Volkov
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Novosibirsk 630055, Russia
| | - Evgenii E Kliver
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Novosibirsk 630055, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Aidagulova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia
| | | | - Elvira V Grigorieva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
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5
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Oishi T, Koizumi S, Kurozumi K. Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Challenges of Glioma Invasion. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12020291. [PMID: 35204054 PMCID: PMC8870089 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor, and its prognosis is poor. Glioma cells are highly invasive to the brain parenchyma. It is difficult to achieve complete resection due to the nature of the brain tissue, and tumors that invade the parenchyma often recur. The invasiveness of tumor cells has been studied from various aspects, and the related molecular mechanisms are gradually becoming clear. Cell adhesion factors and extracellular matrix factors have a strong influence on glioma invasion. The molecular mechanisms that enhance the invasiveness of glioma stem cells, which have been investigated in recent years, have also been clarified. In addition, it has been discussed from both basic and clinical perspectives that current therapies can alter the invasiveness of tumors, and there is a need to develop therapeutic approaches to glioma invasion in the future. In this review, we will summarize the factors that influence the invasiveness of glioma based on the environment of tumor cells and tissues, and describe the impact of the treatment of glioma on invasion in terms of molecular biology, and the novel therapies for invasion that are currently being developed.
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6
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Advantages and drawbacks of dexamethasone in glioblastoma multiforme. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 172:103625. [PMID: 35158070 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The most widespread, malignant, and deadliest type of glial tumor is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Despite radiation, chemotherapy, and radical surgery, the median survival of afflicted individuals is about 12 months. Unfortunately, existing therapeutic interventions are abysmal. Dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, has been used for many years to treat brain edema and inflammation caused by GBM. Several investigations have recently shown that Dex also exerts antitumoral effects against GBM. On the other hand, more recent disputed findings have questioned the long-held dogma of Dex treatment for GBM. Unfortunately, steroids are associated with various undesirable side effects, including severe immunosuppression and metabolic changes like hyperglycemia, which may impair the survival of GBM patients. Current ideas and concerns about Dex's effects on GBM cerebral edema, cell proliferation, migration, and its clinical outcomes were investigated in this study.
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7
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Linder B, Schiesl A, Voss M, Rödel F, Hehlgans S, Güllülü Ö, Seifert V, Kögel D, Senft C, Dubinski D. Dexamethasone Treatment Limits Efficacy of Radiation, but Does Not Interfere With Glioma Cell Death Induced by Tumor Treating Fields. Front Oncol 2021; 11:715031. [PMID: 34395289 PMCID: PMC8361446 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.715031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dexamethasone (Dex) is the most common corticosteroid to treat edema in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Recent studies identified the addition of Dex to radiation therapy (RT) to be associated with poor survival. Independently, Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) provides a novel anti-cancer modality for patients with primary and recurrent GBM. Whether Dex influences the efficacy of TTFields, however, remains elusive. Methods Human GBM cell lines MZ54 and U251 were treated with RT or TTFields in combination with Dex and the effects on cell counts and cell death were determined via flow cytometry. We further performed a retrospective analysis of GBM patients with TTFields treatment +/- concomitant Dex and analysed its impact on progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results The addition of Dex significantly reduced the efficacy of RT in U251, but not in MZ54 cells. TTFields (200 kHz/250 kHz) induced massive cell death in both cell lines. Concomitant treatment of TTFields and Dex did not reduce the overall efficacy of TTFields. Further, in our retrospective clinical analysis, we found that the addition of Dex to TTFields therapy did not influence PFS nor OS. Conclusion Our translational investigation indicates that the efficacy of TTFields therapy in patients with GBM and GBM cell lines is not affected by the addition of Dex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Linder
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Abigail Schiesl
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martin Voss
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Franz Rödel
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hehlgans
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ömer Güllülü
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Volker Seifert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Donat Kögel
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian Senft
- Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Dubinski
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
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8
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Upadhyayula PS, Higgins DM, Argenziano MG, Spinazzi EF, Wu CC, Canoll P, Bruce JN. The Sledgehammer in Precision Medicine: Dexamethasone and Immunotherapeutic Treatment of Glioma. Cancer Invest 2021; 40:554-566. [PMID: 34151678 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2021.1944178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding dexamethasone's effect on the immune microenvironment in glioma patients is of key importance. We performed a comprehensive literature review using the NCBI PubMed database for all articles meeting the following search criteria. ((dexamethasone[All Fields]) AND (glioma or glioblastoma)[Title/Abstract]) AND (immune or T cell or B cell or monocyte or neutrophil or macrophage). Forty-three manuscripts were deemed relevant to the topic at hand. Multiple clinical studies have linked dexamethasone use to decreased overall survival while preclinical studies in murine glioma models have demonstrated decreased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes after dexamethasone administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan S Upadhyayula
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia Irving University Medical Center, Manhattan, NY, USA
| | - Dominique M Higgins
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia Irving University Medical Center, Manhattan, NY, USA
| | - Michael G Argenziano
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia Irving University Medical Center, Manhattan, NY, USA
| | - Eleonora F Spinazzi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia Irving University Medical Center, Manhattan, NY, USA
| | - Cheng-Chia Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia Irving University Medical Center, Manhattan, NY, USA
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia Irving University Medical Center, Manhattan, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Manhattan, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Bruce
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia Irving University Medical Center, Manhattan, NY, USA
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9
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Kiani BH, Kayani WK, Khayam AU, Dilshad E, Ismail H, Mirza B. Artemisinin and its derivatives: a promising cancer therapy. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6321-6336. [PMID: 32710388 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05669-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The world is experiencing a cancer epidemic and an increase in the prevalence of the disease. Cancer remains a major killer, accounting for more than half a million deaths annually. There is a wide range of natural products that have the potential to treat this disease. One of these products is artemisinin; a natural product from Artemisia plant. The Nobel Prize for Medicine was awarded in 2015 for the discovery of artemisinin in recognition of the drug's efficacy. Artemisinin produces highly reactive free radicals by the breakdown of two oxygen atoms that kill cancerous cells. These cells sequester iron and accumulate as much as 1000 times in comparison with normal cells. Generally, chemotherapy is toxic to both cancerous cells and normal cells, while no significant cytotoxicity from artemisinin to normal cells has been found in more than 4000 case studies, which makes it far different than conventional chemotherapy. The pleiotropic response of artemisinin in cancer cells is responsible for growth inhibition by multiple ways including inhibition of angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, disruption of cell migration, and modulation of nuclear receptor responsiveness. It is very encouraging that artemisinin and its derivatives are anticipated to be a novel class of broad-spectrum antitumor agents based on efficacy and safety. This review aims to highlight these achievements and propose potential strategies to develop artemisinin and its derivatives as a new class of cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Hafeez Kiani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Waqas Khan Kayani
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Växtskyddsvägen 1, 23053, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Asma Umer Khayam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Erum Dilshad
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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10
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Wu S, Luo C, Hameed NUF, Wang Y, Zhuang D. UCP2 silencing in glioblastoma reduces cell proliferation and invasiveness by inhibiting p38 MAPK pathway. Exp Cell Res 2020; 394:112110. [PMID: 32470336 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) is a mitochondrial inner membrane anion carrier and is emerging as a negative regulator of ROS production. Overexpression of UCP2 has been detected in various tumors, but its role in glioblastoma remains unclear. Using tissue microarrays and interrogations of public databases, we explored that the expression of UCP2 is upregulated in glioma, especially in GBM, and overexpression of UCP2 correlates with poor prognosis in glioma patients. To further reveal the role of UCP2 in glioma, UCP2-slienced cell lines (U251, U87MG and A172) by lentivirus were constructed to study how silenced UCP2 expression affects cellular functions in vitro, and tumorigenicity in vivo. RNA-Seq based genome and pathway analysis were performed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action of UCP2. Our results revealed that UCP2 silenced glioma cells show inhibited migration, invasiveness, clonogenicity, proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis in vitro, and weaker tumorigenicity in nude mice. Transcriptome analysis suggested a UCP2-dependent regulation of p38 MAPK (Mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling networks, which was further validated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Our research provides a new insight into the biological significance of UCP2 in glioma and its potential application in treatment and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wu
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chen Luo
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - N U Farrukh Hameed
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Dongxiao Zhuang
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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11
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Dubinski D, Hattingen E, Senft C, Seifert V, Peters KG, Reiss Y, Devraj K, Plate KH. Controversial roles for dexamethasone in glioblastoma - Opportunities for novel vascular targeting therapies. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:1460-1468. [PMID: 31238763 PMCID: PMC6681527 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19859847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive and treatment resistant primary brain tumor. Features of glioblastoma include peritumoral cerebral edema, the major contributor to neurological impairment. Although the current clinical approach to edema management is administration of the synthetic corticoid dexamethasone, increasing evidence indicates numerous adverse effects of dexamethasone on glioblastoma burden at the molecular, cellular and clinical level. The contradictions of dexamethasone for glioblastoma and brain metastasis therapy are discussed in this article. Finally, alternative strategies for cerebrovascular edema therapy with vascular stabilizing, anti-permeability agents that are either approved or in clinical trials for diabetic retinopathy and macula edema, are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dubinski
- 1 Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,2 Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elke Hattingen
- 3 Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,4 Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian Senft
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Volker Seifert
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Yvonne Reiss
- 1 Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,4 Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt, Germany.,6 LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,7 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kavi Devraj
- 1 Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,6 LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Karl H Plate
- 1 Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,4 Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt, Germany.,6 LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER), Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,7 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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12
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Pérez-Sen R, Queipo MJ, Gil-Redondo JC, Ortega F, Gómez-Villafuertes R, Miras-Portugal MT, Delicado EG. Dual-Specificity Phosphatase Regulation in Neurons and Glial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081999. [PMID: 31018603 PMCID: PMC6514851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual-specificity protein phosphatases comprise a protein phosphatase subfamily with selectivity towards mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, also named MKPs, or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatases. As powerful regulators of the intensity and duration of MAPK signaling, a relevant role is envisioned for dual-specificity protein phosphatases (DUSPs) in the regulation of biological processes in the nervous system, such as differentiation, synaptic plasticity, and survival. Important neural mediators include nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) that contribute to DUSP transcriptional induction and post-translational mechanisms of DUSP protein stabilization to maintain neuronal survival and differentiation. Potent DUSP gene inducers also include cannabinoids, which preserve DUSP activity in inflammatory conditions. Additionally, nucleotides activating P2X7 and P2Y13 nucleotide receptors behave as novel players in the regulation of DUSP function. They increase cell survival in stressful conditions, regulating DUSP protein turnover and inducing DUSP gene expression. In general terms, in the context of neural cells exposed to damaging conditions, the recovery of DUSP activity is neuroprotective and counteracts pro-apoptotic over-activation of p38 and JNK. In addition, remarkable changes in DUSP function take place during the onset of neuropathologies. The restoration of proper DUSP levels and recovery of MAPK homeostasis underlie the therapeutic effect, indicating that DUSPs can be relevant targets for brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Pérez-Sen
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdiSSC), Universidad Complutense Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María José Queipo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdiSSC), Universidad Complutense Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan Carlos Gil-Redondo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdiSSC), Universidad Complutense Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Felipe Ortega
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdiSSC), Universidad Complutense Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rosa Gómez-Villafuertes
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdiSSC), Universidad Complutense Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Teresa Miras-Portugal
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdiSSC), Universidad Complutense Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Esmerilda G Delicado
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdiSSC), Universidad Complutense Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Cenciarini M, Valentino M, Belia S, Sforna L, Rosa P, Ronchetti S, D'Adamo MC, Pessia M. Dexamethasone in Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapy: Mechanisms and Controversies. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:65. [PMID: 30983966 PMCID: PMC6449729 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant of the glial tumors. The world-wide estimates of new cases and deaths annually are remarkable, making GBM a crucial public health issue. Despite the combination of radical surgery, radio and chemotherapy prognosis is extremely poor (median survival is approximately 1 year). Thus, current therapeutic interventions are highly unsatisfactory. For many years, GBM-induced brain oedema and inflammation have been widely treated with dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic glucocorticoid (GC). A number of studies have reported that DEX also inhibits GBM cell proliferation and migration. Nevertheless, recent controversial results provided by different laboratories have challenged the widely accepted dogma concerning DEX therapy for GBM. Here, we have reviewed the main clinical features and genetic and epigenetic abnormalities underlying GBM. Finally, we analyzed current notions and concerns related to DEX effects on cerebral oedema, cancer cell proliferation and migration and clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cenciarini
- Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy
| | - Mario Valentino
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Silvia Belia
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luigi Sforna
- Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Rosa
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Sapienza", Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | - Simona Ronchetti
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina D'Adamo
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Mauro Pessia
- Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy.,Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
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14
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Tsidulko AY, Bezier C, de La Bourdonnaye G, Suhovskih AV, Pankova TM, Kazanskaya GM, Aidagulova SV, Grigorieva EV. Conventional Anti-glioblastoma Chemotherapy Affects Proteoglycan Composition of Brain Extracellular Matrix in Rat Experimental Model in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1104. [PMID: 30333749 PMCID: PMC6176078 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is a conventional chemotherapy drug for adjuvant treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), often accompanied by dexamethasone (DXM) to prevent brain oedema and alleviate clinical side effects. Here, we aimed to investigate an ability of the drugs to affect normal brain tissue in terms of proteoglycan (PG) composition/content in experimental rat model in vivo. Age- and brain zone-specific transcriptional patterns of PGs were demonstrated for 8, 60, and 120 days old rats, and syndecan-1, glypican-1, decorin, biglycan, and lumican were identified as the most expressed PGs. DXM treatment affected both PG core proteins expression (mainly syndecan-1, glypican-1, decorin, biglycan, lumican, versican, brevican, and NG2) and heparan sulphate (HS)/chondroitin sulphate (CS) content in organotypic brain slice culture ex vivo and experimental animals in vivo in a dose-dependent manner. TMZ treatment did not result in the significant changes in PG core proteins expression both in normal rat brain hippocampus and cortex in vivo (although generics did), but demonstrated significant effects onto polysaccharide HS/CS content in the brain tissue. The effects were age- and brain zone-specific and similar with the age-related PGs expression changes in rat brain. Combination of TMZ with DXM resulted in the most profound deterioration in PGs composition and content in the brain tissue both at core protein and glycosaminoglycan levels. Taken together, the obtained results demonstrate that conventional anti-glioblastoma therapy affects proteoglycan structure and composition in normal brain tissue, potentially resulting in deterioration of brain extracellular matrix and formation of the favourable tumorigenic niche for the expansion of the residual glioma cells. During the TMZ chemotherapy, dose and regimen of DXM treatment matter, and repetitive low DXM doses seem to be more sparing treatment compared with high DXM dose(s), which should be avoided where possible, especially in combination with TMZ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cynthia Bezier
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,UPMC-Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France
| | - Gabin de La Bourdonnaye
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Anastasia V Suhovskih
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Galina M Kazanskaya
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Meshalkin Novosibirsk State Research Institute of Circulation Pathology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Elvira V Grigorieva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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15
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Guan Y, Chen J, Zhan Y, Lu H. Effects of dexamethasone on C6 cell proliferation, migration and invasion through the upregulation of AQP1. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7595-7602. [PMID: 29740485 PMCID: PMC5934719 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone (Dex) is commonly used to treat glioma; however, the mechanism underlying the action of Dex remains unclear. In the present study, the hypothesis that aquaporin-1 (AQP1) may participate in tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion was tested using small interfering RNA (siRNA). The results of the current study indicated that Dex could inhibit the proliferation, in addition to promoting the migration, of C6 cells. Dex was indicated to promote the expression of AQP1. Downregulation of AQP1, achieved using siRNAs, demonstrated the inhibition of cell proliferation, promotion of cell migration and suppression of invasion; therefore, Dex was indicated to serve a role in these effects in the C6 cells, via the upregulation of AQP1. This demonstrated that AQP1 could be utilized as a novel therapeutic target, with the aim of inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guan
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan 570102, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Haikou People's Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570208, P.R. China
| | - Yuefu Zhan
- Department of Radiology, Haikou People's Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570208, P.R. China
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Radiology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400054, P.R. China
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16
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Time-dependent pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone and its efficacy in human breast cancer xenograft mice: a semi-mechanism-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:472-481. [PMID: 29119968 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone (DEX) is the substrate of CYP3A. However, the activity of CYP3A could be induced by DEX when DEX was persistently administered, resulting in auto-induction and time-dependent pharmacokinetics (pharmacokinetics with time-dependent clearance) of DEX. In this study we investigated the pharmacokinetic profiles of DEX after single or multiple doses in human breast cancer xenograft nude mice and established a semi-mechanism-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model for characterizing the time-dependent PK of DEX as well as its anti-cancer effect. The mice were orally given a single or multiple doses (8 mg/kg) of DEX, and the plasma concentrations of DEX were assessed using LC-MS/MS. Tumor volumes were recorded daily. Based on the experimental data, a two-compartment model with first order absorption and time-dependent clearance was established, and the time-dependence of clearance was modeled by a sigmoid Emax equation. Moreover, a semi-mechanism-based PK/PD model was developed, in which the auto-induction effect of DEX on its metabolizing enzyme CYP3A was integrated and drug potency was described using an Emax equation. The PK/PD model was further used to predict the drug efficacy when the auto-induction effect was or was not considered, which further revealed the necessity of adding the auto-induction effect into the final PK/PD model. This study established a semi-mechanism-based PK/PD model for characterizing the time-dependent pharmacokinetics of DEX and its anti-cancer effect in breast cancer xenograft mice. The model may serve as a reference for DEX dose adjustments or optimization in future preclinical or clinical studies.
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17
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Drebert Z, De Vlieghere E, Bridelance J, De Wever O, De Bosscher K, Bracke M, Beck IM. Glucocorticoids indirectly decrease colon cancer cell proliferation and invasion via effects on cancer-associated fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res 2017; 362:332-342. [PMID: 29196164 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) support cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Glucocorticoids (GCs), drugs often administered together with chemotherapy, are steroidal ligands of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a transcription factor which upon activation regulates expression of multiple genes involved in suppression of inflammation. We have previously shown that in dexamethasone (Dex)-treated CAFs derived from colon cancer, production and secretion of several factors related to cancer progression, such as tenascin C (TNC) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), were strongly suppressed. In this study we show that GCs can neutralize the cancer cell-promoting properties of CAFs. Conditioned medium from solvent-treated CAFs (CMCTRL) stimulates proliferation, motility and stretched morphotype of GR-deficient HCT8/E11 colon cancer cells. Yet, HCT8/E11 proliferation and stretched morphotype are impaired upon treatment with conditioned medium from Dex-treated CAFs (CMDEX), but HCT8/E11 cell migration is slightly increased under these conditions. Moreover, expression and potential activity of MMP-2 is also reduced in CMDEX compared with CMCTRL. These combined in vitro results concur with the results from in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane assays, where the co-cultures of CAFs with colon cancer cells displayed impaired tumor formation and cancer cell invasion due to Dex administration. Combined, GC treatment influences cancer cell behavior indirectly through effects on CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Drebert
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology & Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elly De Vlieghere
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology & Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Bridelance
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier De Wever
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology & Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Bosscher
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc Bracke
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology & Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilse M Beck
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology & Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; Department Health Sciences, Odisee University College, Ghent, Belgium.
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18
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GFAPδ/GFAPα ratio directs astrocytoma gene expression towards a more malignant profile. Oncotarget 2017; 8:88104-88121. [PMID: 29152145 PMCID: PMC5675697 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytomas are the most common malignant brain tumours and are to date incurable. It is unclear how astrocytomas progress into higher malignant grades. The intermediate filament cytoskeleton is emerging as an important regulator of malignancy in several tumours. The majority of the astrocytomas express the intermediate filament protein Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). Several GFAP splice variants have been identified and the main variants expressed in human astrocytoma are the GFAPα and GFAPδ isoforms. Here we show a significant downregulation of GFAPα in grade IV astrocytoma compared to grade II and III, resulting in an increased GFAPδ/α ratio. Mimicking this increase in GFAPδ/α ratio in astrocytoma cell lines and comparing the subsequent transcriptomic changes with the changes in the patient tumours, we have identified a set of GFAPδ/α ratio-regulated high-malignant and low-malignant genes. These genes are involved in cell proliferation and protein phosphorylation, and their expression correlated with patient survival. We additionally show that changing the ratio of GFAPδ/α, by targeting GFAP expression, affected expression of high-malignant genes. Our data imply that regulating GFAP expression and splicing are novel therapeutic targets that need to be considered as a treatment for astrocytoma.
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19
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A Dexamethasone-regulated Gene Signature Is Prognostic for Poor Survival in Glioblastoma Patients. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2017; 29:46-58. [PMID: 27653222 DOI: 10.1097/ana.0000000000000368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dexamethasone is reported to induce both tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting effects. The purpose of this study was to identify the genomic impact of dexamethasone in glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) lines and its prognostic value; furthermore, to identify drugs that can counter these side effects of dexamethasone exposure. METHODS We utilized 3 independent GSC lines with tumorigenic potential for this study. Whole-genome expression profiling and pathway analyses were done with dexamethasone-exposed and control cells. GSCs were also co-exposed to dexamethasone and temozolomide. Risk scores were calculated for most affected genes, and their associations with survival in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Repository of Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data databases. In silico Connectivity Map analysis identified camptothecin as antagonist to dexamethasone-induced negative effects. RESULTS Pathway analyses predicted an activation of dexamethasone network (z-score: 2.908). Top activated canonical pathways included "role of breast cancer 1 in DNA damage response" (P=1.07E-04). GSCs were protected against temozolomide-induced apoptosis when coincubated with dexamethasone. Altered cellular functions included cell movement, cell survival, and apoptosis with z-scores of 2.815, 5.137, and -3.122, respectively. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (CEBPB) was activated in a dose dependent manner specifically in slow-dividing "stem-like" cells. CEBPB was activated in dexamethasone-treated orthotopic tumors. Patients with high risk scores had significantly shorter survival. Camptothecin was validated as potential partial neutralizer of dexamethasone-induced oncogenic effects. CONCLUSIONS Dexamethasone exposure induces a genetic program and CEBPB expression in GSCs that adversely affects key cellular functions and response to therapeutics. High risk scores associated with these genes have negative prognostic value in patients. Our findings further suggest camptothecin as a potential neutralizer of adverse dexamethasone-mediated effects.
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20
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Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist sulpiride enhances dexamethasone responses in the treatment of drug-resistant and metastatic breast cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017. [PMID: 28649130 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence shows that dopamine D2-like receptor (D2DR) antagonists, such as trifluoperazine and thioridazine, are effective for cancer therapy and inhibition of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects of combination therapy of dexamethasone (DEX) and sulpiride (SUL), an atypical antipsychotic, against drug-resistant and metastatic breast cancers and further explored the underlying mechanisms. Oral administration of SUL (25, 100 mg·kg-1·d-1) alone did not inhibit the tumor growth in human breast cancer MCF-7/Adr xenograft model, but dose-dependently decreased the proportion of CSCs in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, combination therapy of SUL (50 mg·kg-1·d-1) and DEX (8 mg·kg-1·d-1) markedly suppressed the tumor growth in MCF-7/Adr xenograft model with little systemic toxicity and lung metastasis in murine metastatic breast cancer 4T1 xenograft model. Among the metastasis-associated biomarkers analyzed, the combination therapy significantly decreased the levels of MMP-2, but increased E-cadherin levels in 4T1 xenograft tumors. Moreover, the combination therapy significantly inhibited the cell colony formation, migration and invasion of 4T1 and human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. Addition of a specific D2DR agonist 7-OH-DPAT to the combination therapy reversed the enhanced anti-cancer effects in vivo and CSC population loss in tumor tissues. Our data demonstrate that SUL remarkably enhances the efficacy of DEX in the treatment of drug-resistant and metastatic breast cancer via the antagonism of D2DR, which might result from the eradication of CSCs.
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21
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Mills BN, Albert GP, Halterman MW. Expression Profiling of the MAP Kinase Phosphatase Family Reveals a Role for DUSP1 in the Glioblastoma Stem Cell Niche. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2017; 10:57-68. [PMID: 28822081 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-017-0197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The dual specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) constitute a family of stress-induced enzymes that provide feedback inhibition on mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) critical in key aspects of oncogenic signaling. While described in other tumor types, the landscape of DUSP mRNA expression in glioblastoma (GB) remains largely unexplored. Interrogation of the REpository for Molecular BRAin Neoplasia DaTa (REMBRANDT) revealed induction (DUSP4, DUSP6), repression (DUSP2, DUSP7-9), or mixed (DUSP1, DUSP5, DUSP10, DUSP15) DUSP transcription of select DUSPs in bulk tumor specimens. To resolve features specific to the tumor microenvironment, we searched the Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project (Ivy GAP) repository, which highlight DUSP1, DUSP5, and DUSP6 as the predominant family members induced within pseudopalisading and perinecrotic regions. The inducibility of DUSP1 in response to hypoxia, dexamethasone, or the chemotherapeutic agent camptothecin was confirmed in GB cell lines and tumor-derived stem cells (TSCs). Moreover, we show that loss of DUSP1 expression is a characteristic of TSCs and correlates with expression of tumor stem cell markers in situ (ABCG2, PROM1, L1CAM, NANOG, SOX2). This work reveals a dynamic pattern of DUSP expression within the tumor microenvironment that reflects the cumulative effects of factors including regional ischemia, chemotherapeutic exposure among others. Moreover, our observation regarding DUSP1 dysregulation within the stem cell niche argue for its importance in the survival and proliferation of this therapeutically resistant population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley N Mills
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.,Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 645, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - George P Albert
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 645, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Marc W Halterman
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 645, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA. .,Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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22
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Phosphatases and solid tumors: focus on glioblastoma initiation, progression and recurrences. Biochem J 2017; 474:2903-2924. [PMID: 28801478 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatases and cancer have been related for many years now, as these enzymes regulate key cellular functions, including cell survival, migration, differentiation and proliferation. Dysfunctions or mutations affecting these enzymes have been demonstrated to be key factors for oncogenesis. The aim of this review is to shed light on the role of four different phosphatases (PTEN, PP2A, CDC25 and DUSP1) in five different solid tumors (breast cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer and ovarian cancer), in order to better understand the most frequent and aggressive primary cancer of the central nervous system, glioblastoma.
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23
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Tran AN, Boyd NH, Walker K, Hjelmeland AB. NOS Expression and NO Function in Glioma and Implications for Patient Therapies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:986-999. [PMID: 27411305 PMCID: PMC5467121 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Gliomas are central nervous system tumors that primarily occur in the brain and arise from glial cells. Gliomas include the most common malignant brain tumor in adults known as grade IV astrocytoma, or glioblastoma (GBM). GBM is a deadly disease for which the most significant advances in treatment offer an improvement in survival of only ∼2 months. CRITICAL ISSUES To develop novel treatments and improve patient outcomes, we and others have sought to determine the role of molecular signals in gliomas. Recent Advances: One signaling molecule that mediates important biologies in glioma is the free radical nitric oxide (NO). In glioma cells and the tumor microenvironment, NO is produced by three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3. NO and NOS affect glioma growth, invasion, angiogenesis, immunosuppression, differentiation state, and therapeutic resistance. FUTURE DIRECTIONS These multifaceted effects of NO and NOS on gliomas both in vitro and in vivo suggest the potential of modulating the pathway for antiglioma patient therapies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 986-999.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh N Tran
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Nathaniel H Boyd
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Kiera Walker
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Anita B Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama
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Ismail FS, Moinfar Z, Prochnow N, Dambach H, Hinkerohe D, Haase CG, Förster E, Faustmann PM. Dexamethasone and levetiracetam reduce hetero-cellular gap-junctional coupling between F98 glioma cells and glial cells in vitro. J Neurooncol 2017; 131:469-476. [PMID: 27848138 PMCID: PMC5350227 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-016-2324-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Gap junctions (GJs) in astrocytes and glioma cells are important channels for cell-to-cell communication that contribute to homo- and heterocellular coupling. According to recent studies, heterocellular gap-junctional communication (H-GJC) between glioma cells and their surrounding environment enhances glioma progression. Therefore, we developed a new in vitro model to examine H-GJC between glioma cells, astrocytes and microglia. Consequently, F98 rat glioma cells were double-labeled with GJ-impermeable (CM-DiI) and GJ-permeable dye (calcein AM) and were seeded on unlabeled astrocyte-microglia co-cultures. Dual whole cell voltage clamp recordings were carried out on selected cell pairs to characterize the functional properties of H-GJC in vitro. The expression of four types of connexins (Cxs), including Cx32, Cx36, Cx43 and Cx45, and microglial phenotypes were analyzed by immunocytochemistry. The H-GJC between glioma cells and astrocytes/microglia increased after a longer incubation period with a higher number of glioma cells. We provided evidence for the direct GJ coupling of microglia and glioma cells under native in vitro conditions. In addition, we exploited this model to evaluate H-GJC after incubation with levetiracetam (LEV) and/or dexamethasone (DEX). Previous in vitro studies suggest that LEV and DEX are frequently used to control seizure and edema in glioma. Our findings showed that LEV and/or DEX decrease the number of heterocellular coupled cells significantly. In conclusion, our newly developed model demonstrated H-GJC between glioma cells and both astrocytes and microglia. The reduced H-GJC by LEV and DEX suggests a potential effect of both drugs on glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatme Seval Ismail
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Zahra Moinfar
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nora Prochnow
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hannes Dambach
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Daniel Hinkerohe
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Claus Gert Haase
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Evangelical Hospital Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen, Germany
| | - Eckart Förster
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Pedro Michael Faustmann
- Department of Neuroanatomy and Molecular Brain Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Peddi P, Ajit NE, Burton GV, El-Osta H. Regression of a glioblastoma multiforme: spontaneous versus a potential antineoplastic effect of dexamethasone and levetiracetam. BMJ Case Rep 2016; 2016:bcr-2016-217393. [PMID: 28011886 PMCID: PMC5237800 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-217393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with grade IV astrocytoma or glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have a median survival of <12 months, increased to 14.6 months by maximal safe resection with radiation and temozolamide. In the absence of chemotherapy, radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, spontaneous regression of GBM or regression while only being on dexamethasone (DEX) and levetiracetam (LEV) have seldom been reported. Here, we present a case of a patient who had significant regression of the GBM with DEX and LEV alone. In this study, we hypothesise a plausible antineoplastic role of DEX and or LEV in GBM and highlight molecular, preclinical and clinical studies supporting this role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Peddi
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Nisha Elizabeth Ajit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Gary Von Burton
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Hazem El-Osta
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport School of Medicine, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
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Shen SC, Wu MS, Lin HY, Yang LY, Chen YH, Chen YC. Reactive oxygen species-dependent nitric oxide production in reciprocal interactions of glioma and microglial cells. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:2015-26. [PMID: 24777714 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Conditioned mediums (CMs) from glioma cells U87, GBM-8401, and C6 significantly induced iNOS protein and NO production by microglial cells BV-2 but without altering the cell viability or cell-cycle progression of BV2 microglia. Significant increases in intracellular peroxide by U87-CM and C6-CM were detected by a DCHF-DA assay, and vitamin (Vit) C and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC)-reduced intracellular peroxide levels elicited by CMs lead to inhibition of iNOS/NO production The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor, U0126, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor, SP600125, suppressed U87-CM- and C6-CM-induced iNOS/NO production by respectively blocking phosphorylated ERK (pERK) and JNK (pJNK) protein expressions stimulated by U87-CM and C6-CM. Increased migration of U87 and C6 glioma cells by a co-culture with BV-2 microglial cells or adding the nitric oxide (NO) donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was observed, and that was blocked by adding an NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, N-nitro L-arginine methyl ester (NAME). Contributions of ROS, pERK, and pJNK to the migration of glioma cells was further demonstrated in a transwell coculture system of U87 and C6 gliomas with BV-2 microglial cells. Furthermore, expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 messenger (m)RNA in U87 and C6 cells were detected by an RT-PCR, and TNF-α and MCP-1 induced iNOS protein expression in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Neutralization of TNF-α or MCP-1 in U87-CM and C6-CM using a TNF-α or MCP-1 antibody inhibited iNOS protein expression, and increased intracellular peroxide by TNF-α or MCP-1 was identified in BV-2 cells. The reciprocal activation of glioma cells and microglia via ROS-dependent iNOS/NO elevation at least partially mediated by TNF-α and MCP-1 is elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing-Chuan Shen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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MERCAPIDE JAVIER, LORICO AURELIO. Adhesion signaling promotes protease-driven polyploidization of glioblastoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:1365-71. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Kim HA, Park JH, Yi N, Lee M. Delivery of hypoxia and glioma dual-specific suicide gene using dexamethasone conjugated polyethylenimine for glioblastoma-specific gene therapy. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:938-50. [PMID: 24467192 DOI: 10.1021/mp4006003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy has been considered a promising approach for glioblastoma therapy. To avoid side effects and increase the specificity of gene expression, gene expression should be tightly regulated. In this study, glioma and hypoxia dual-specific plasmids (pEpo-NI2-SV-Luc and pEpo-NI2-SV-HSVtk) were developed by combining the erythropoietin (Epo) enhancer and nestin intron 2 (NI2). In the in vitro studies, pEpo-NI2-SV-Luc showed higher gene expression under hypoxia than normoxia in a glioblastoma-specific manner. The MTT and caspase assays demonstrated that pEpo-NI2-SV-HSVtk specifically induced caspase activity and cell death in hypoxic glioblastoma cells. For in vivo evaluation, subcutaneous and intracranial glioblastoma models were established. Dexamethasone-conjugated-polyethylenimine (PEI-Dexa) was used as a gene carrier, since PEI-Dexa efficiently delivers plasmid to glioblastoma cells and also has an antitumor effect due to the effect of dexamethasone. In the in vivo study in the subcutaneous and intracranial glioblastoma models, the tumor size was reduced more effectively in the pEpo-NI2-SV-HSVtk group than in the control and pSV-HSVtk groups. In addition, higher levels of HSVtk gene expression and TUNEL-positive cells were observed in the pEpo-NI2-SV-HSVtk group compared with the control and pSV-HSVtk groups, suggesting that pEpo-NI2-SV-HSVtk increased the therapeutic efficacy in hypoxic glioblastoma. Therefore, pEpo-NI2-SV-HSVtk/PEI-Dexa complex may be useful for glioblastoma-specific gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ah Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University , Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
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Prabhakar S, Asuthkar S, Lee W, Chigurupati S, Zakharian E, Tsung AJ, Velpula KK. Targeting DUSPs in glioblastomas - wielding a double-edged sword? Cell Biol Int 2013; 38:145-53. [PMID: 24155099 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Several dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) that play key roles in the direct or indirect inactivation of different MAP kinases (MAPKs) have been implicated in human cancers over the past decade. This has led to a growing interest in identifying DUSPs and their specific inhibitors for further testing and validation as therapeutic targets in human cancers. However, the lack of understanding of the complex regulatory mechanisms and cross-talks between MAPK signaling pathways, combined with the fact that DUSPs can act as a double-edged sword in cancer progression, calls for a more careful and thorough investigation. Among the various types of brain cancer, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is notorious for its aggressiveness and resistance to current treatment modalities. This has led to the search for new molecular targets, particularly those involving various signaling pathways. DUSPs appear to be a promising target, but much more information on DUSP targets and their effects on GBM is needed before potential therapies can be developed, tested, and validated. This review identifies and summarize the specific roles of DUSP1, DUSP4, DUSP6 and DUSP26 that have been implicated in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Prabhakar
- Department of Natural and Health Sciences, Southeastern University, Lakeland, Florida, 33801, USA
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Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying cancer progression and metastasis are still poorly understood. In recent years, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a traditional phenomenon revealed in embryonic development, has been gradually accepted as a potential mechanism underlying cancer progression and metastasis. Many cell signaling pathways involved in development have been shown to contribute to EMT. An increasing number of genetic and epigenetic elements have been discovered, and their cross-talk relationship in EMT remains to be explored. In addition, accumulating experimental evidence suggests that EMT plays a critical role in different aspects of cancer progression, such as metastasis, stem cell traits, and chemoresistance. However, there are some disagreements and debate about these studies, which raise critical questions worthy of further investigation. Solving these questions will lead to a more complete understanding of cancer metastasis. Due to the close relationship of EMT to cancer metastasis and chemoresistance, targeting EMT or reversing EMT is likely to lead to novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of human cancers.
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MAP kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP-1/DUSP1) is neuroprotective in Huntington's disease via additive effects of JNK and p38 inhibition. J Neurosci 2013; 33:2313-25. [PMID: 23392662 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4965-11.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that sodium butyrate is neuroprotective in Huntington's disease (HD) mice and that this therapeutic effect is associated with increased expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase/dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (MKP-1/DUSP1). Here we show that enhancing MKP-1 expression is sufficient to achieve neuroprotection in lentiviral models of HD. Wild-type MKP-1 overexpression inhibited apoptosis in primary striatal neurons exposed to an N-terminal fragment of polyglutamine-expanded huntingtin (Htt171-82Q), blocking caspase-3 activation and significantly reducing neuronal cell death. This neuroprotective effect of MKP-1 was demonstrated to be dependent on its enzymatic activity, being ablated by mutation of its phosphatase domain and being attributed to inhibition of specific MAP kinases (MAPKs). Overexpression of MKP-1 prevented the polyglutamine-expanded huntingtin-induced activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and p38 MAPKs, whereas extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 activation was not altered by either polyglutamine-expanded Htt or MKP-1. Moreover, mutants of MKP-1 that selectively prevented p38 or JNK binding confirmed the important dual contributions of p38 and JNK regulation to MKP-1-mediated neuroprotection. These results demonstrate additive effects of p38 and JNK MAPK inhibition by MKP-1 without consequence to ERK activation in this striatal neuron-based paradigm. MKP-1 also provided neuroprotection in vivo in a lentiviral model of HD neuropathology in rat striatum. Together, these data extend previous evidence that JNK- and p38-mediated pathways contribute to HD pathogenesis and, importantly, show that therapies simultaneously inhibiting both JNK and p38 signaling pathways may lead to improved neuroprotective outcomes.
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Ayroldi E, Cannarile L, Migliorati G, Nocentini G, Delfino DV, Riccardi C. Mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids: genomic and nongenomic interference with MAPK signaling pathways. FASEB J 2012; 26:4805-20. [PMID: 22954589 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-216382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones produced by the adrenal gland and regulated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. GCs mediate effects that mostly result in transcriptional regulation of glucocorticoid receptor target genes. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) comprise a family of signaling proteins that convert extracellular stimuli into the activation of intracellular transduction pathways via phosphorylation of a cascade of substrates. They modulate a variety of physiological cell processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, and development. However, when MAPKs are improperly activated by proinflammatory and/or extracellular stress stimuli, they contribute to the regulation of proinflammatory transcription factors, thus perpetuating activation of the inflammatory cascade. One of the mechanisms by which GCs exert their anti-inflammatory effects is negative interference with MAPK signaling pathways. Several functional interactions between GCs and MAPK signaling have been discovered and studied. Some of these interactions involve the GC-mediated up-regulation of proteins that in turn interfere with the activation of MAPK, such as glucocorticoid-induced-leucine zipper, MAPK phosphatase-1, and annexin-1. Other mechanisms include activated GR directly interacting with components of the MAPK pathway and negatively regulating their activation. The multiple interactions between GCs and MAPK pathways and their potential biological relevance in mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of GCs are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emira Ayroldi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
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Development of artemisinin compounds for cancer treatment. Invest New Drugs 2012; 31:230-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-012-9873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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34
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Artesunate inhibits cell proliferation and decreases growth hormone synthesis and secretion in GH3 cells. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:6227-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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35
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Lee H, Tsygankov AY. c-Cbl regulates glioma invasion through matrix metalloproteinase 2. J Cell Biochem 2011; 111:1169-78. [PMID: 20717917 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
c-Cbl, a multifunctional adaptor and an E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a role in such cytoskeleton-mediated events as cell adhesion and migration. Invasiveness of human glioma is dependent on cell adhesion, migration, and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM). However, the function of c-Cbl in glioma invasion has never been investigated. We report here, for the first time, that c-Cbl plays a positive role in the invasion of ECM by SNB19 glioma cells. RNAi-mediated depletion of c-Cbl decreases SNB19 cell invasion and expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2). Consistent with these findings, SNB19 cells expressing wild-type, but not mutant c-Cbl show increased invasion and MMP2 expression. We demonstrate that the observed role of c-Cbl in invasion of SNB19 cells is not mediated by the previously shown effects of c-Cbl on cell adhesion and migration or on EGFR signaling. Together, our results suggest that c-Cbl promotes glioma invasion through up-regulation of MMP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
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36
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Hueng DY, Lin GJ, Huang SH, Liu LW, Ju DT, Chen YW, Sytwu HK, Chang C, Huang SM, Yeh YS, Lee HM, Ma HI. Inhibition of Nodal suppresses angiogenesis and growth of human gliomas. J Neurooncol 2010; 104:21-31. [PMID: 21116837 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-010-0467-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the hallmark of malignant gliomas positively correlated with the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. We previously reported that expression levels of Nodal, a member of transforming growth factor-β super family, correlate with the malignant invasive behavior of human glioma cells. In this study, we show that knockdown of Nodal suppresses glioma angiogenesis by inhibition of VEGF. In human primary glioma specimens, expression of Nodal positively correlates with WHO glioma tumor grades and expression of VEGF in the corresponding glioma specimens. In human U87MG glioma cells, knockdown of endogenous Nodal by RNA interference (RNAi) significantly decreases colony formation and secretion of VEGF. In vivo, cellular depletion of Nodal in U87MG inhibited brain glioma growth and prolonged the survival of mice with U87MG/shNodal glioma compared with controls. Inhibition of Nodal suppressed tumor vessel growth in U87MG gliomas. Using Nodal inhibitor (SB431542), silencing Nodal, or overexpressing Nodal in the U87MG, GBM8401, and GBM glioma cells, our further experiments revealed that Nodal-induced VEGF expression might, at least in part, mediate through the ERK1/2-HIF-1α-mediated signaling pathway. Taken together, our data revealed that alteration of Nodal expression in glioma cells resulted in changes to VEGF secretion, and subsequent colony formation, in vivo tumor growth, and angiogenesis, all of which are consistent with the regulation of VEGF through the ERK1/2-HIF-1α-mediated signaling, suggesting that Nodal may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of human gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dueng-Yuan Hueng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, 325, Sec. 2, Cheng-Kung Road, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Navis AC, van den Eijnden M, Schepens JTG, Hooft van Huijsduijnen R, Wesseling P, Hendriks WJAJ. Protein tyrosine phosphatases in glioma biology. Acta Neuropathol 2010; 119:157-75. [PMID: 19936768 PMCID: PMC2808538 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-009-0614-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are a diverse group of brain tumors of glial origin. Most are characterized by diffuse infiltrative growth in the surrounding brain. In combination with their refractive nature to chemotherapy this makes it almost impossible to cure patients using combinations of conventional therapeutic strategies. The drastically increased knowledge about the molecular underpinnings of gliomas during the last decade has elicited high expectations for a more rational and effective therapy for these tumors. Most studies on the molecular pathways involved in glioma biology thus far had a strong focus on growth factor receptor protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) and phosphatidylinositol phosphatase signaling pathways. Except for the tumor suppressor PTEN, much less attention has been paid to the PTK counterparts, the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) superfamily, in gliomas. PTPs are instrumental in the reversible phosphorylation of tyrosine residues and have emerged as important regulators of signaling pathways that are linked to various developmental and disease-related processes. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on PTP involvement in gliomagenesis. So far, the data point to the potential implication of receptor-type (RPTPδ, DEP1, RPTPμ, RPTPζ) and intracellular (PTP1B, TCPTP, SHP2, PTPN13) classical PTPs, dual-specific PTPs (MKP-1, VHP, PRL-3, KAP, PTEN) and the CDC25B and CDC25C PTPs in glioma biology. Like PTKs, these PTPs may represent promising targets for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the treatment of high-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C. Navis
- Department of Cell Biology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique van den Eijnden
- Department of Neurobiology, Geneva Research Center, Merck Serono International S.A, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jan T. G. Schepens
- Department of Cell Biology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pieter Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiljan J. A. J. Hendriks
- Department of Cell Biology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Piette C, Deprez M, Roger T, Noël A, Foidart JM, Munaut C. The dexamethasone-induced inhibition of proliferation, migration, and invasion in glioma cell lines is antagonized by macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and can be enhanced by specific MIF inhibitors. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:32483-92. [PMID: 19759012 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.014589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most frequent and malignant brain tumors in adults. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are routinely used in the treatment of GBMs for their capacity to reduce the tumor-associated edema. Few in vitro studies have suggested that GCs inhibit the migration and invasion of GBM cells through the induction of MAPK phosphatase 1 (MKP-1). Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), an endogenous GC antagonist is up-regulated in GBMs. Recently, MIF has been involved in tumor growth and migration/invasion and specific MIF inhibitors have been developed on their capacity to block its enzymatic tautomerase activity site. In this study, we characterized several glioma cell lines for their MIF production. U373 MG cells were selected for their very low endogenous levels of MIF. We showed that dexamethasone inhibits the migration and invasion of U373 MG cells, through a glucocorticoid receptor (GR)- dependent inhibition of the ERK1/2 MAPK pathway. Oppositely, we found that exogenous MIF increases U373 MG migration and invasion through the stimulation of the ERK1/2 MAP kinase pathway and that this activation is CD74 independent. Finally, we used the Hs 683 glioma cells that are resistant to GCs and produce high levels of endogenous MIF, and showed that the specific MIF inhibitor ISO-1 could restore dexamethasone sensitivity in these cells. Collectively, our results indicate an intricate pathway between MIF expression and GC resistance. They suggest that MIF inhibitors could increase the response of GBMs to corticotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Piette
- Laboratory of Tumor and Developmental Biology, GIGA-R, CHU, Liège, Belgium
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39
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In vivo assessment of high-grade glioma biochemistry using microdialysis: a study of energy-related molecules, growth factors and cytokines. J Neurooncol 2009; 97:11-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-009-9990-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2009] [Accepted: 08/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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40
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Pullen NA, Fillmore HL. Induction of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and glioma cell motility by nitric oxide. J Neurooncol 2009; 96:201-9. [PMID: 19629394 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-009-9965-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Accepted: 07/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
High grade gliomas invariably recur due in a large part to tumor cells permeating normal brain in an inaccessible, diffuse manner. Previous work demonstrates that the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) contributes to this characteristic. Not only can MMPs assist a cell in traversing its environment by clearing extracellular matrix molecules, but they can also impact non-traditional downstream signals that affect a cell's ability to interact and respond to its surroundings. Contributions to the induction of MMP expression and functional significance in glioma are still under investigation. Evidence in other cancer settings indicates that nitric oxide (NO) may play a role in tumor/cell progression that can influence MMP production. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), also known as interstitial collagenase, and the constitutive nitric oxide synthases (NOS) have been shown to be over-expressed in high grade gliomas. In the current study we investigated the potential involvements of NO with regard to MMP-1 and functional glioma cell movement. With the treatment of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP), there was significant induction of MMP-1 mRNA, secreted MMP-1 protein and motility of glioma cell lines within 48 h. RNA inhibition of MMP-1 through transient transfection of three MMP-1 specific siRNAs revealed a marked abrogation of the NO-mediated induction of motility. In addition, application of the NOS inhibitor N(omega)-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) impaired movement of glioma cells. These data provide evidence for a regulatory axis of high grade glioma cell movement from NO through MMP-1, with NOS inhibitor results showing promise for future pharmacologic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Pullen
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 E. Marshall St, P.O. Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298-0709, USA
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Jan HJ, Lee CC, Lin YM, Lai JH, Wei HW, Lee HM. Rosiglitazone reduces cell invasiveness by inducing MKP-1 in human U87MG glioma cells. Cancer Lett 2009; 277:141-8. [PMID: 19168281 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2008] [Revised: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 11/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We sought to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which rosiglitazone (RGZ) inhibits cell invasion in human glioma cells. In this study, we found that RGZ attenuated MMP-2 protein levels, MMP-2 gelatinolytic activity, and cell invasiveness through a PPAR-gamma independent pathway. RGZ increased mitogen activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) expression. The addition of triptolide (a diterpenoid triepoxide, which blocked MKP-1 induction) abolished the inhibitory effects by RGZ. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the knock down of MKP-1 by MKP-1 specific small interference RNA reversed the reduction of MMP-2 secretion, and of cell invasiveness by RGZ. In contrast, the stable expression of MKP-1 in glioma cell lines decreased MMP-2 activity and cell invasiveness. These results suggest that RGZ may mediate the inhibitory effects through MKP-1 induction. Thus, MKP-1 could be a potential target in glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsun-Jin Jan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan
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