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Cui H, Guo Z, Guo Z, Fan Z, Shen N, Qi X, Ma Y, Zhu Y, Wu X, Chen B, Xiang H. TMEM100 Regulates Neuropathic Pain by Reducing the Expression of Inflammatory Factors. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:9151967. [PMID: 37469758 PMCID: PMC10352538 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9151967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no effective treatment for peripheral nerve injury-induced chronic neuropathic pain (NP), which profoundly impacts the quality of life of those affected. Transmembraneprotein100 (TMEM100) is considered to be a pain regulatory protein and is expressed in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of rats. However, the mechanism of pain regulation and the expression of TMEM100 following various peripheral nerve injuries are unclear. In this study, we constructed two pain models of peripheral nerve injury: tibial nerve injury (TNI) and chronic constriction injury (CCI). This study found that the Paw Withdrawal Mechanical Threshold (PWMT) and Paw Withdraw Thermal Latency (PWTL) of the rats in the two pain models decreased significantly, and the expression of TMEM100 in the DRG of two groups also decreased significantly. Furthermore, the decrease in the CCI group was more obvious than in the TNI group. There was no significant statistical significance (P > 0.05). We constructed an adeno-associated virus 6 (AAV6) vector expressing recombinant fluorescent TMEM100 protein and injected it into the sciatic nerve (SN) of two pain models: CCI and TNI. PWMT and PWTL were significantly increased in the two groups, along with the expression of TMEM100 in the spinal cord and DRG. It also significantly inhibited the activation of microglia, astrocytes, and several inflammatory mediators (TNF- α, IL-1 β, and IL-6). In summary, the results of this study suggested that TMEM100 might be a promising molecular strategy for the treatment of NP, and its anti-inflammatory effects might play an important role in pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifei Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhaoyang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zhu Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zuoran Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Nana Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiaoying Qi
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yuanye Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Youfu Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bohua Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hongfei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
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Jiang Y, Zhou J, Zou D, Hou D, Zhang H, Zhao J, Li L, Hu J, Zhang Y, Jing Z. Overexpression of Limb-Bud and Heart (LBH) promotes angiogenesis in human glioma via VEGFA-mediated ERK signalling under hypoxia. EBioMedicine 2019; 48:36-48. [PMID: 31631037 PMCID: PMC6838451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system with frequent hypoxia and angiogenesis. Limb-Bud and Heart (LBH) is a highly conserved transcription cofactor that participates in embryonic development and tumorigenesis. Methods The conditioned media from LBH regulated human glioma cell lines and patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs) were used to treat the human brain microvessel endothelial cells (hBMECs). The function of LBH on angiogenesis were examined through methods of MTS assay, Edu assay, TUNEL assay, western blotting analysis, qPCR analysis, luciferase reporter assay and xenograft experiment. Findings Our study found for the first time that LBH was overexpressed in gliomas and was associated with a poor prognosis. LBH overexpression participated in the angiogenesis of gliomas via the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA)-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling pathway in human brain microvessel endothelial cells (hBMECs). Rapid proliferation of gliomas can lead to tissue hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) activation, while HIF-1 can directly transcriptionally regulate the expression of LBH and result in a self-reinforcing cycle. Interpretation LBH may be a possible treatment target to break the vicious cycle in glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Dan Zou
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Dianqi Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- International Education College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 79 Chongshan East Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China
| | - Junshuang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Jiangfeng Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- The First Laboratory of Cancer Institute, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
| | - Zhitao Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
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Yu H, Shin SM, Wang F, Xu H, Xiang H, Cai Y, Itson-Zoske B, Hogan QH. Transmembrane protein 100 is expressed in neurons and glia of dorsal root ganglia and is reduced after painful nerve injury. Pain Rep 2018; 4:e703. [PMID: 30801043 PMCID: PMC6370145 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tmem100 modulates interactions between TRPA1 and TRPV1. The cell specificity of Tmem100 expression in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) is not well defined, nor is the effect of peripheral nerve injury on Tmem100 expression. Objective This study was designed to determine the cell specificity of Tmem100 expression in DRG and its subcellular localization, and to examine how Tmem100 expression may be altered in painful conditions. Methods Dorsal root ganglion Tmem100 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry, immunoblot, and quantitative real-time PCR, and compared between various experimental rat pain models and controls. Results Tmem100 is expressed in both neurons and perineuronal glial cells in the rat DRG. The plasma membrane and intracellular localization of Tmem100 are identified in 83% ± 6% of IB4-positive and 48% ± 6% of calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive neurons, as well as in medium- and large-sized neurons, with its immunopositivity colocalized to TRPV1 (94% ± 5%) and TRPA1 (96% ± 3%). Tmem100 is also detected in the perineuronal satellite glial cells and in some microglia. Tmem100 protein is significantly increased in the lumbar DRGs in the complete Freund adjuvant inflammatory pain. By contrast, peripheral nerve injury by spinal nerve ligation diminishes Tmem100 expression in the injured DRG, with immunoblot and immunohistochemistry experiments showing reduced Tmem100 protein levels in both neurons and satellite glial cells of DRGs proximal to injury, whereas Tmem100 is unchanged in adjacent DRGs. The spared nerve injury model also reduces Tmem100 protein in the injured DRGs. Conclusion Our data demonstrate a pain pathology-dependent alteration of DRG Tmem100 protein expression, upregulated during CFA inflammatory pain but downregulated during neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Seung Min Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Medical Experiment Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, PR of China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR of China
| | - Hongfei Xiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR of China
| | - Yongsong Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR of China
| | - Brandon Itson-Zoske
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Quinn H Hogan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Kuboyama A, Sasaki T, Shimizu M, Inoue J, Sato R. The expression of Transmembrane Protein 100 is regulated by alterations in calcium signaling rather than endoplasmic reticulum stress. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:1377-1383. [PMID: 29690857 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1464899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane protein 100 (TMEM100) comprises 134 amino acid residues and is highly conserved among vertebrates. Tmem100 has been recently reported as a key factor in angiogenesis, pain transmission, and tumor suppression. Although the importance of TMEM100 function is well supported, few studies have elucidated its expression mechanism. In the current study, we found that activating transcription factor 6α, a transcription factor activated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, enhanced Tmem100 promoter activity. Two ER stress response element-like motifs were identified in the mouse Tmem100 promoter region. However, additional experiments using another type of ER stress inducer demonstrated that calcium signaling was more important than ER stress in the regulation of TMEM100 expression. Intracellular calcium signaling controls biological processes such as cell proliferation and embryonic development. This study suggested that TMEM100 performs various functions in response to alterations in calcium signaling in addition to those in response to ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayane Kuboyama
- a Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Takashi Sasaki
- a Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Makoto Shimizu
- a Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Jun Inoue
- a Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Sato
- a Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.,b Nutri-Life Science Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduated School of Agricultural and Lice Sciences , University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.,c AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development , Tokyo , Japan
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5
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Roman BL, Hinck AP. ALK1 signaling in development and disease: new paradigms. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:4539-4560. [PMID: 28871312 PMCID: PMC5687069 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2636-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Activin A receptor like type 1 (ALK1) is a transmembrane serine/threonine receptor kinase in the transforming growth factor-beta receptor family that is expressed on endothelial cells. Defects in ALK1 signaling cause the autosomal dominant vascular disorder, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), which is characterized by development of direct connections between arteries and veins, or arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Although previous studies have implicated ALK1 in various aspects of sprouting angiogenesis, including tip/stalk cell selection, migration, and proliferation, recent work suggests an intriguing role for ALK1 in transducing a flow-based signal that governs directed endothelial cell migration within patent, perfused vessels. In this review, we present an updated view of the mechanism of ALK1 signaling, put forth a unified hypothesis to explain the cellular missteps that lead to AVMs associated with ALK1 deficiency, and discuss emerging roles for ALK1 signaling in diseases beyond HHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth L Roman
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, 130 DeSoto St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
| | - Andrew P Hinck
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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6
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Wimalasena NK, Le VQ, Wimalasena K, Schreiber SL, Karmacharya R. Gene Expression-Based Screen for Parkinson's Disease Identifies GW8510 as a Neuroprotective Agent. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:857-63. [PMID: 27270122 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We carried out a gene expression-based in silico screen in order to identify small molecules with gene-expression profiles that are anticorrelated with a gene-expression profile for Parkinson's disease (PD). We identified the cyclin-dependent kinase 2/5 (CDK2/5) inhibitor GW8510 as our most significant hit and characterized its effects in rodent MN9D cells and in human neuronal cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. GW8510 demonstrated neuroprotective ability in MN9D cells in the presence of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridium (MPP(+)), a widely used neurotoxin model for Parkinson's disease. In order to delineate the nature and extent of GW8510's neuroprotective properties, we studied GW8510 in human neuronal cells in the context of various mechanisms of cellular stress. We found that GW8510 was protective against small-molecule mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stressors. Our findings illustrate an approach to using small-molecule gene expression libraries to identify compounds with therapeutic potential in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivanthika K. Wimalasena
- Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Center
for Experimental Drugs and Diagnostics, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental
Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Viet Q. Le
- Department of Science and Mathematics,
National Technical Institute for the Deaf, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Kandatege Wimalasena
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas 67260, United States
| | - Stuart L. Schreiber
- Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical
Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Rakesh Karmacharya
- Center for the Science of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Center
for Experimental Drugs and Diagnostics, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental
Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Program, Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts 02478, United States
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7
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Ou D, Yang H, Hua D, Xiao S, Yang L. Novel roles of TMEM100: inhibition metastasis and proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:17379-90. [PMID: 25978032 PMCID: PMC4627315 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane protein 100 (TMEM100) was activated by ALK1/TGF-β signaling. We found that TMEM100 was decreased in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and in highly metastatic cell lines. Overexpressed of TMEM100 inhibited invasion, migration and proliferation. Low levels of TMEM100 were associated with cirrhosis, tumor size, Tumor nodule number, TNM stage, BCLC stage, Edmondson-Steiner Stage and vein invasion. Furthermore, TMEM100 was an independent risk factor for overall survival (P = 0.03) and disease-free survival (P = 0.019). The current findings suggest that TMEM100 functions as a tumor suppressor in HCC metastasis and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipeng Ou
- Department of Geratic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Geratic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dong Hua
- Department of Geratic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuai Xiao
- Department of Geratic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lianyue Yang
- Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Liver Cancer Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Weng HJ, Patel KN, Jeske NA, Bierbower SM, Zou W, Tiwari V, Zheng Q, Tang Z, Mo GCH, Wang Y, Geng Y, Zhang J, Guan Y, Akopian AN, Dong X. Tmem100 Is a Regulator of TRPA1-TRPV1 Complex and Contributes to Persistent Pain. Neuron 2015; 85:833-46. [PMID: 25640077 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TRPA1 and TRPV1 are crucial pain mediators, but how their interaction contributes to persistent pain is unknown. Here, we identify Tmem100 as a potentiating modulator of TRPA1-V1 complexes. Tmem100 is coexpressed and forms a complex with TRPA1 and TRPV1 in DRG neurons. Tmem100-deficient mice show a reduction in inflammatory mechanical hyperalgesia and TRPA1- but not TRPV1-mediated pain. Single-channel recording in a heterologous system reveals that Tmem100 selectively potentiates TRPA1 activity in a TRPV1-dependent manner. Mechanistically, Tmem100 weakens the association of TRPA1 and TRPV1, thereby releasing the inhibition of TRPA1 by TRPV1. A Tmem100 mutant, Tmem100-3Q, exerts the opposite effect; i.e., it enhances the association of TRPA1 and TRPV1 and strongly inhibits TRPA1. Strikingly, a cell-permeable peptide (CPP) containing the C-terminal sequence of Tmem100-3Q mimics its effect and inhibits persistent pain. Our study unveils a context-dependent modulation of the TRPA1-V1 complex, and Tmem100-3Q CPP is a promising pain therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jui Weng
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City 100, Taiwan
| | - Kush N Patel
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Nathaniel A Jeske
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Sonya M Bierbower
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Wangyuan Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Qin Zheng
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Gary C H Mo
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yixun Geng
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yun Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Armen N Akopian
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Xinzhong Dong
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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9
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Eisenman ST, Gibbons SJ, Singh RD, Bernard CE, Wu J, Sarr MG, Kendrick ML, Larson DW, Dozois EJ, Shen KR, Farrugia G. Distribution of TMEM100 in the mouse and human gastrointestinal tract--a novel marker of enteric nerves. Neuroscience 2013; 240:117-28. [PMID: 23485812 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Identification of markers of enteric neurons has contributed substantially to our understanding of the development, normal physiology, and pathology of the gut. Previously identified markers of the enteric nervous system can be used to label all or most neuronal structures or for examining individual cells by labeling just the nucleus or cell body. Most of these markers are excellent but have some limitations. Transmembrane protein 100 (TMEM100) is a gene at locus 17q32 encoding a 134-amino acid protein with two hypothetical transmembrane domains. TMEM100 expression has not been reported in adult mammalian tissues but does appear in the ventral neural tube of embryonic mice and plays a role in signaling pathways associated with development of the enteric nervous system. We showed that TMEM100 messenger RNA is expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and demonstrated that TMEM100 is a membrane-associated protein. Furthermore TMEM100 immunoreactivity was restricted to enteric neurons and vascular tissue in the muscularis propria of all regions of the mouse and human gastrointestinal tract. TMEM100 immunoreactivity colocalized with labeling for the pan-neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5) but not with the glial marker S100ß or Kit, a marker of interstitial cells of Cajal. The signaling molecule, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 4, was also expressed in enteric neurons of the human colon and co-localized with TMEM100. TMEM100 is also expressed in neuronal cell bodies and fibers in the mouse brain and dorsal root ganglia. We conclude that TMEM100 is a novel, membrane-associated marker for enteric nerves and is as effective as PGP9.5 for identifying neuronal structures in the gastrointestinal tract. The expression of TMEM100 in the enteric nervous system may reflect a role in the development and differentiation of cells through a transforming growth factor β, BMP or related signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Eisenman
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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