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Mao R, Zhou F, Hong Y, Li Y, Zhu C, Jin L, Li S. CRH upregulates supervillin through ERK and AKT pathways to promote bladder cancer cell migration. Cell Biol Int 2024. [PMID: 39090812 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) has been well documented playing a role in the regulation of cellular processes, immune responses, and inflammatory processes that can influence the occurrence and development of tumors. Supervillin (SVIL) is a membrane-associated and actin-binding protein, which is actively involved in the proliferation, spread, and migration of cancer cells. This work investigated CRH's influence on bladder cancer cells' migration and relevant mechanisms. By using human bladder cancer cells T24 and RT4 in wound healing experiments and transwell assay, we found that the migration ability of the T24 cells was significantly increased after CRH treatment. In vivo experiments showed that CRH significantly promoted the metastases of T24 cells in cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) mouse model. Interestingly, downregulation of SVIL by SVIL-specifc small hairpin RNAs significantly reduced the promoting effect of CRH on bladder cancer cell migration. Furthermore, CRH significantly increased SVIL messenger RNA and protein expression in T24 cells, accompanied with AKT and ERK phosphorylation in T24 cells. Pretreatment with AKT inhibitor (MK2206) blocked the CRH-induced SVIL expression and ERK phosphorylation. Also, inhibition of ERK signaling pathway by U0126 significantly reduced the CRH-induced SVIL expression and AKT phosphorylation. It suggested that cross-talking between AKT and ERK pathways was involved in the effect of CRH on SVIL. Taken together, we demonstrated that CRH induced migration of bladder cancer cells, in which AKT and ERK pathways -SVIL played a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchen Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feier Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yali Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongqi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lai Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Lui PP, Ainali C, Chu CC, Terranova-Barberio M, Karagiannis P, Tewari A, Safinia N, Sharif-Paghaleh E, Tsoka S, Woszczek G, Di Meglio P, Lombardi G, Young AR, Nestle FO, Ali N. Human skin CD141 + dendritic cells regulate cutaneous immunity via the neuropeptide urocortin 2. iScience 2023; 26:108029. [PMID: 37860766 PMCID: PMC10583083 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin immune homeostasis is a multi-faceted process where dermal dendritic cells (DDCs) are key in orchestrating responses to environmental stressors. We have previously identified CD141+CD14+ DDCs as a skin-resident immunoregulatory population that is vitamin-D3 (VitD3) inducible from monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs), termed CD141hi VitD3 moDCs. We demonstrate that CD141+ DDCs and CD141hi VitD3 moDCs share key immunological features including cell surface markers, reduced T cell stimulation, IL-10 production, and a common transcriptomic signature. Bioinformatic analysis identified the neuroactive ligand receptor pathway and the neuropeptide, urocortin 2 (UCN2), as a potential immunoregulatory candidate molecule. Incubation with VitD3 upregulated UCN2 in CD141+ DCs and UVB irradiation induced UCN2 in CD141+ DCs in healthy skin in vivo. Notably, CD141+ DDC generation of suppressive Tregs was dependent upon the UCN2 pathway as in vivo administration of UCN2 reversed skin inflammation in humanized mice. We propose the neuropeptide UCN2 as a novel skin DC-derived immunoregulatory mediator with a potential role in UVB and VitD3-dependent skin immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prudence PokWai Lui
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Science, King’s College London, London, UK
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Chrysanthi Ainali
- St. John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Chung-Ching Chu
- St. John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Manuela Terranova-Barberio
- St. John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Panagiotis Karagiannis
- St. John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Angela Tewari
- St. John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Niloufar Safinia
- Institute of Liver Studies, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, James Black Centre, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Ehsan Sharif-Paghaleh
- Department of Imaging Chemistry & Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Sophia Tsoka
- Department of Informatics, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences, King’s College London, Bush House, London, UK
| | - Grzegorz Woszczek
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Paola Di Meglio
- St. John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Giovanna Lombardi
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Science, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Antony R. Young
- St. John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Frank O. Nestle
- St. John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Niwa Ali
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Science, King’s College London, London, UK
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- St. John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
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3
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Koureta M, Karaglani M, Panagopoulou M, Balgkouranidou I, Papadaki-Anastasopoulou A, Zarouchlioti C, Dekavallas S, Kolios G, Lambropoulou M, Baritaki S, Chatzaki E. Corticotropin Releasing Factor Receptors in breast cancer: Expression and activity in hormone-dependent growth in vitro. Peptides 2020; 129:170316. [PMID: 32333998 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Corticotropin Releasing Factor (CRF) neuropeptides coordinate the stress response via two distinct membrane receptors (CRF-Rs). We have previously shown expression of both CRF-Rs in human breast cancer tissues. In the present study, we examined in vitro using the MCF-7 cell line model, the regulation of CRF-Rs expression and their signaling in hormone-dependent breast cancer growth. Our findings show that similarly to breast cancer biopsies, the predominant receptor type expressed in the cell line is CRF-R2α. The transcription of CRF-R1 and CRF-R2 is up and down-regulated respectively by exposure to estradiol (E2); however this effect seems not to be exerted at the level of promoter gene methylation, although in human breast cancer specimens, CRF-R1 methylation was found to be positively associated with the presence of steroid hormone receptors. Finally, we showed that specific activation of CRF-R2 increased the migration of MCF-7 cells and potentiated an estrogen-inducing effect. Our data support an involvement of CRF-R signaling in breast cancer pathophysiology via a regulatory steroid-hormone interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Koureta
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - Makrina Karaglani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - Maria Panagopoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - Ioanna Balgkouranidou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | | | - Christina Zarouchlioti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - Spyridon Dekavallas
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - George Kolios
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - Maria Lambropoulou
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece
| | - Stavroula Baritaki
- Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71500 Crete, Greece
| | - Ekaterini Chatzaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece.
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Jin L, Zhu C, Wang X, Li C, Cao C, Yuan J, Li S. Urocortin attenuates TGFβ1-induced Snail1 and slug expressions: inhibitory role of Smad7 in Smad2/3 signaling in breast cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:2494-503. [PMID: 26138318 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Corticortropin-releasing hormone (CRH) family are multifunctional endocrine-factors that regulate proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of various types of cancer cells. Deregulation of the transforming growth factor β1(TGFβ1) signal transduction promotes aggressive metastatic properties in late-stage breast cancers. We previously have demonstrated in breast cancer cell line that CRH suppressed TGFβ1-induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) via induction of E-cadherin. Our present data in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells showed that Urocortin (Ucn, a member of CRH family) inhibited TGFβ1 signaling by reducing Smad2/3 activation and subsequent nuclear translocation through increasing Smad7 expression, leading to downregulation of Snail1 and Slug, the two EMT promoters. We further found that Antalarmin (CRH receptor type 1, CRHR1 antagonist) and Antisauvagine-30 (CRH receptor type2, CRHR2 antagonist) abrogated the effects of Ucn on TGFβ1 signaling, implying that both active CRHR1 and CRHR2 participate in Ucn-repressed TGFβ1 signaling. Our findings, for the fist time, identify Ucn as a potential mediator that inhibits oncogenic signaling by TGFβ1 and suggest that activating CRHR1 and R2 may prove effective in diminishing breast cancer progression stimulated by TGFβ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chuanhua Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chunxuan Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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5
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Jin L, Li C, Li R, Sun Z, Fang X, Li S. Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors mediate apoptosis via cytosolic calcium-dependent phospholipase A₂ and migration in prostate cancer cell RM-1. J Mol Endocrinol 2014; 52:255-67. [PMID: 24776847 DOI: 10.1530/jme-13-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors (CRHRs) are G protein-coupled receptors that play different roles depending on tissue types. Previously, we discovered the mechanism of CRHR-mediated apoptosis of mouse prostate cancer cell line (RM-1) to be a change of Bcl-2:Bax ratio, and CRH was found to inhibit transforming growth factor β migration of breast cancer cells via CRHRs. In the present study, we investigated cytosolic calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) bridging CRHR activations and Bcl-2:Bax ratio and the effect of CRHR activation on cell migration. Silencing of cPLA2 attenuated a CRHR1 agonist, CRH-induced apoptosis, and the decrease of the Bcl-2:Bax ratio, whereas silencing of cPLA2 aggravated CRHR2 agonist, Urocortin 2 (Ucn2)-inhibited apoptosis, and the increase of the Bcl-2:Bax ratio. CRH in a time- and concentration-dependent manner increased cPLA2 expression mainly through interleukin 1β (IL1β) upregulation. Ucn2 decreased cPLA2 expression through neither tumor necrosis factor α nor IL1β. CRH-suppressed decay of cPLA2 mRNA and Ucn2 merely suppressed its production. Overexpression of CRHR1 or CRHR2 in HEK293 cells correspondingly upregulated or downregulated cPLA2 expression after CRH or Ucn2 stimulation respectively. In addition, both CRH and Ucn2 induced migration of RM-1 cells. Our observation not only established a relationship between CRHRs and cell migration but also for the first time, to our knowledge, demonstrated that cPLA2 participates in CRHR1-induced apoptosis and CRHR2-inhibited apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Jin
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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6
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Urocortin affects migration of hepatic cancer cell lines via differential regulation of cPLA2 and iPLA2. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1125-34. [PMID: 24518041 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Urocortin (UCN) is a member of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) family, which has been reported to play a role in many biological processes, including inflammation and cancer development. Growing evidence shows that PLA2 (phospholipase A2) enzymes also participate in inflammation and tumor development. The primary aim of the present study was to identify a novel signaling pathway of CRF receptor activation leading to migration of two kinds of hepatoma carcinoma cell lines, HepG2 and SMMC-7721, linking the stimulation of PLA2 expression by UCN to UCN-induced tumor cell migration. Pharmacological inhibitors and genetic approaches (such as stable transfection and siRNAs) were used in this study. Unlike HepG2 cells which express both CRF receptors themselves, SMMC-7721 cells which hardly express these two CRF receptors needed stable transfection with CRFR1 or CRFR2 to observe the effect of UCN. Two types of PLA2 enzymes, cPLA2 and iPLA2, were found to be regulated by UCN. Our data showed that UCN raised cPLA2 expression but lowered iPLA2 expression. Moreover, UCN was found to act on the certain region of iPLA2 promoter to reduce its transcription. UCN promoted tumor cell migration by up-regulating cPLA2 expression via CRFR1 whereas it suppressed tumor cell migration by down-regulating iPLA2 expression via CRFR2. These results indicate the dual roles for UCN in the hepatoma carcinoma cell migration, which involve the regulation of both cPLA2and iPLA2.
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Jin L, Chen J, Li L, Li C, Chen C, Li S. CRH suppressed TGFβ1-induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via induction of E-cadherin in breast cancer cells. Cell Signal 2014; 26:757-65. [PMID: 24412750 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery in biopsies from breast cancer patients, the effect of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) on carcinoma progression is still unclear. Transforming growth factorβ1 (TGFβ1) promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and induces Snail1 and Twist1 expressions. Loss of epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) mainly repressed by Snail1 and Twist1, has been considered as hallmark of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). Two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were used to investigate the effect of CRH on TGFβ1-induced EMT by transwell chamber. And HEK293 cells were transiently transfected with CRHR1 or CRHR2 to explore the definite effects of CRH receptor. We reported that CRH inhibited migration of human breast cancer cells through downregulation of Snail1 and Twist1, and subsequent upregulation of E-cadherin. CRH inhibited TGFβ1-mediated migration of MCF-7 via both CRHR1 and CRHR2 while this inhibition in MDA-MB-231 was mainly via CRHR2. Ectopic re-expression of CRHR1 or CRHR2 respectively in HEK293 cells increased E-cadherin expression after CRH stimulation. Furthermore, CRH repressed expression of mesenchymal marker, N-cadherin and induced expression of Occludin, inhibiting EMT in MCF-7 & MDA-MB-231. Our results suggest that CRH may function as a tumor suppressor, at least partly by regulating TGFβ1-mediated EMT. These results may contribute to uncovering the effect of CRH in breast tumorigenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Jin
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jiandong Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Li Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chuanhua Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Wan R, Zhu C, Guo R, Jin L, Liu Y, Li L, Zhang H, Li S. Dihydrotestosterone alters urocortin levels in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. J Endocrinol 2013; 218:321-30. [PMID: 23801677 DOI: 10.1530/joe-13-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Urocortin (UCN1) is a member of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) family, which has been proven to participate in inflammation. Previous work showed that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) could promote the inflammatory process. Little is known about the effect of DHT on UCN1 expression. The aim of our study is to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of DHT on endothelial UCN1 expression in the absence and presence of induced inflammation. Therefore, we tested the alterations of endothelial UCN1 expression treated with DHT in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our data showed that DHT alone decreased UCN1 levels, which were attenuated in the presence of the androgen receptor (AR) antagonist flutamide. Conversely, in the presence of LPS, DHT augmented the LPS-induced increase in UCN1 expression, which was, interestingly, not affected by flutamide. When cells were treated with DHT alone, AR was upregulated and translocated into the nuclei, which might repress UCN1 expression via a potential androgen-responsive element found in human CRF family promoter. In the presence of LPS, DHT did not influence AR expression and location while it increased toll-like receptor 4 expression and activation, which was not altered by flutamide. DHT enhanced LPS-induced p38MAPK, ERK1/2, and nuclear factor κB pathway activation, which may contribute to the elevated expression of UCN1. These data suggest that DHT differentially influences UCN1 levels under normal and inflammatory conditions in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, which involves AR-dependent and -independent mechanisms respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wan
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Cardiovascular Diseases and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
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Lal S, Allan A, Markovic D, Walker R, Macartney J, Europe-Finner N, Tyson-Capper A, Grammatopoulos DK. Estrogen Alters the Splicing of Type 1 Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor in Breast Cancer Cells. Sci Signal 2013; 6:ra53. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2003926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Cheng MF, Tsai WC, Hsia KT, Yang YS, Jin JS. Expression of urocortin in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. APMIS 2013; 122:147-54. [PMID: 23755913 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Urocortin (UCN) is a 40-amino acid neuropeptide that regulates angiogenesis and inhibits cell proliferation. Our aim was to examine the relationship of UCN expression to the clinicopathological parameters of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and histological grade of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). Tissue microarray was used to analyze UCN protein expression in 89 surgical specimens including 21 PanIN, 3 PDAC arising from PanIN, and 65 PDAC without PanIN. UCN immunoscores ranging from 0 to 12 were obtained by multiplying intensity (scored on a 3-point scale) by the percentage of stained cells (scored on a 4-point scale). Strong expression of UCN was detected in 5 specimens of non-neoplastic pancreatic ductal epithelia. UCN immunoscore was significantly higher in PanIN-1 than in PanIN-2 and PanIN-3 (p = 0.038) and significantly higher in well-differentiated PDAC or early American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage PDAC than in poorly differentiated or advanced stage PDAC (p = 0.025, p = 0.018). Higher expression of UCN correlates with PDAC tumor grade and AJCC pathologic stage as well as PanIN grade. Immunohistochemical assessment of UCN may help clinicians predict tumor recurrence rate and help pathologists make a proper diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fang Cheng
- Division of Histological and Clinical Pathology, Hualian Army Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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