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Wu ZH, Zhang HF, Li JY, Diao YR, Huang MJ, Gao DY, Liang CH, Luo ZQ. Effectiveness and safety of brucea javanica oil assisted TACE versus TACE in the treatment of liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1337179. [PMID: 38974037 PMCID: PMC11224762 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1337179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The effectiveness and safety of using Brucea javanica oil (BJO) in combination with Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) for liver cancer treatment are subjects of debate. This study aims to assess the comparative effectiveness and safety of BJO-assisted TACE versus TACE alone and quantifies the differences between these two treatment methods. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in multiple databases including PubMed, Cochrane, CNKI, and Wanfang, until 1 July 2023. Meta-analysis was conducted, and the results were presented as mean difference (MD), risk ratio (RR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: The search yielded 11 RCTs, with a combined sample size of 1054 patients. Meta-analysis revealed that BJO-assisted TACE exhibited superior outcomes compared to standalone TACE. Specific data revealed that BJO-assisted TACE improves clinical benefit rate by 22% [RR = 1.22, 95% CI (1.15, 1.30)], increases the number of people with improved quality of life by 32%, resulting in an average score improvement of 9.53 points [RR = 1.32, 95% CI (1.22, 1.43); MD = 9.53, 95% CI (6.95, 12.10)]. Furthermore, AFP improvement rate improved significantly by approximately 134% [RR = 2.34, 95% CI (1.58, 3.46)], accompanied by notable improvements in liver function indicators, with an average reduction of 27.19 U/L in AST [MD = -27.19, 95% CI (-40.36, -14.02)], 20.77 U/L in ALT [MD = -20.77, 95% CI (-39.46, -2.08)], 12.17 μmol/L in TBIL [MD = -12.17, 95% CI (-19.38, -4.97)], and a decrease of 43.72 pg/mL in VEGF [MD = -43.72, 95% CI (-63.29, -24.15)]. Most importantly, there was a 29% reduction in the occurrence of adverse reactions [RR = 0.71, 95% CI (0.60, 0.84)]. Conclusion: These findings indicate that BJO-assisted TACE may be considered as a potentially beneficial treatment option for liver cancer patients when compared to standalone TACE. It appears to contribute to improved treatment outcomes, enhanced quality of life, and potentially reduced adverse reactions, suggesting it warrants further investigation as a promising approach for liver cancer treatment. Systematic Review Registration: identifier CRD42023428948.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hai Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun-Yan Li
- School of Information Technology, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Yi-Rui Diao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Man-Jing Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Yang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Hao Liang
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Sah B, Singh J, Shen Y, Goldfarb N, Samie FH, Geskin LJ, Liu L. Loss of CELF2 promotes skin tumorigenesis and increases drug resistance. Int J Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38887832 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.17295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CELF2 belongs to the CELF RNA-binding protein family and exhibits antitumor activity in various tumor models. Analysis of the pan-cancer TCGA database reveals that CELF2 expression strongly correlates with favorable prognosis among cancer patients. The function of CELF2 in nonmelanoma skin cancer has not been studied. METHODS We used shRNA-mediated knockdown (KD) of CELF2 expression in human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells to investigate how CELF2 impacted SCC cell proliferation, survival, and xenograft tumor growth. We determined CELF2 expression in human SCC tissues and adjacent normal skin using immunofluorescence staining. Additionally, we investigated the changes in CELF2 and its target gene expression during UV-induced and chemical-induced skin tumorigenesis by western blotting. RESULTS CELF2 KD significantly increased SCC cell proliferation, colony growth, and SCC xenograft tumor growth in immunodeficient mice. CELF2 KD in SCC cells led to activation of KRT80 and GDF15, which can potentially promote cell proliferation and tumor growth. While control SCC cells were sensitive to anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin, SCC cells with CELF2 KD became resistant to drug-induced tumor growth retardation. Finally, we found CELF2 expression diminished during both UV- and chemical-induced skin tumorigenesis in mice, consistent with reduced CELF2 expression in human SCC tumors compared to adjacent normal skin. CONCLUSION This study shows for the first time that CELF2 loss occurs during skin tumorigenesis and increases drug resistance in SCC cells, highlighting the possibility of targeting CELF2-regulated pathways in skin cancer prevention and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindeshwar Sah
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Jasvinder Singh
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Yao Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noah Goldfarb
- Department of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minneapolis VA Medical Center Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Faramarz H Samie
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Larisa J Geskin
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Liang Liu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Chen J, Yu D, Li X, Deng Q, Yang H, Chen L, Bai L. A review of Brucea javanica: metabolites, pharmacology and clinical application. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1317620. [PMID: 38371913 PMCID: PMC10871038 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1317620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This review examines advances in the metabolites, pharmacological research, and therapeutic applications of the medicinal fruit of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. Brucea javanica (BJ) is derived from the fruit of the Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. There are nearly 200 metabolites present in BJ, and due to the diversity of its metabolites, BJ has a wide range of pharmacological effects. The traditional pharmacological effects of BJ include anti-dysentery, anti-malaria, etc. The research investigating the contemporary pharmacological impacts of BJ mainly focuses on its anti-tumor properties. In the article, the strong monomeric metabolites among these pharmacological effects were preliminarily screened. Regarding the pharmacological mechanism of action, current research has initially explored BJ's pharmacological agent and molecular signaling pathways. However, a comprehensive system has yet to be established. BJ preparations have been utilized in clinical settings and have demonstrated effectiveness. Nevertheless, clinical research is primarily limited to observational studies, and there is a need for higher-quality research evidence to support its clinical application. There are still many difficulties and obstacles in studying BJ. However, it is indisputable that BJ is a botanical drugs with significant potential for application, and it is expected to have broader global usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangyuan Central Hospital of Sichuan Province, Guangyuan, China
| | - Dongke Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qichuan Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Power China Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Guanghan People's Hospital, Guanghan, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Chen J, Chen S, Yang X, Wang S, Wu W. Efficacy and safety of Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection as adjuvant therapy for cancer: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154141. [PMID: 35598523 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection (BJOEI) has been used as adjuvant therapy to treat cancer for many years. Many systematic reviews (SRs) or meta-analyses (MAs) were published to evaluate its efficacy and safety. Nevertheless, uneven quality made it difficult to reach a consensus and there has been no specific review to integrate the evidence of BJOEI for cancer at present. Therefore, a comprehensive evidence map is needed to guide clinicians. PURPOSE We, for the first time, conducted an overview to assess the SRs/MAs of BJOEI, and provided a comprehensive evidence map to guide clinicians. Besides, this study provided a promising direction for future research to promote the generation of advanced evidence. STUDY DESIGN An overview of SRs or MAs. METHODS The pre-defined search strategies were applied to 8 databases. Suitable SRs/MAs were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodological quality, reporting quality, and risk of bias were assessed. An evidence map was conducted to show the situation of clinical evidence. RESULTS 27 SRs/MAs in 7 cancer types were included in this overview. The main problems of SRs/MAs were concentrated on the following aspects: without registration or protocol, lacking gray literature retrieval and a list of excluded studies, incomplete description in the literature retrieval strategy or the methods of merging results, the bias of each synthetic result, less exploration in heterogeneity or publication bias, deficiencies in assessing evidence quality and less description in conflict, funding or access to relevant information. Based on the rules of GRADE, the evidence quality of 154 items in 27 SRs/MAs was defined as moderate quality (103 items), low-quality (44 items), and very low-quality (7 items). Especially, risk of bias (154 items), imprecision (27 items), inconsistency (20 items), and publication bias (9 items) were the main downgrading factors. CONCLUSION BJOEI may be a promising adjuvant therapy for treating cancer, especially in the digestive system. However, high-quality SRs/MAs are expected to be carried out to improve the reliability of the above conclusion in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Guangdong-HongKong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Shuqi Chen
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, PR China
| | - Xiaobing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Guangdong-HongKong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China
| | - Sumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Guangdong-HongKong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China.
| | - Wanyin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China; Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Guangdong-HongKong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China.
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Zhang J, Xu HX, Dou YX, Huang QH, Xian YF, Lin ZX. Major Constituents From Brucea javanica and Their Pharmacological Actions. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:853119. [PMID: 35370639 PMCID: PMC8971814 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.853119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucea javanica (Ya-dan-zi in Chinese) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine, which is traditionally used in Chinese medicine for the treatment of intestinal inflammation, diarrhea, malaria, and cancer. The formulation of the oil (Brucea javanica oil) has been widely used to treat various types of cancer. It has also been found that B. javanica is rich in chemical constituents, including quassinoids, triterpenes, alkaloids and flavonoids. Pharmacological studies have revealed that chemical compounds derived from B. javanica exhibit multiple bioactivities, such as anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, and others. This review provides a comprehensive summary on the pharmacological properties of the main chemical constituents presented in B. javanica and their underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, the review will also provide scientific references for further research and development of B. javanica and its chemical constituents into novel pharmaceutical products for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao-Xing Dou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong-Hui Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-Fang Xian, ; Zhi-Xiu Lin,
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-Fang Xian, ; Zhi-Xiu Lin,
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Nasiri-Aghdam M, Garcia-Garduño TC, Jave-Suárez LF. CELF Family Proteins in Cancer: Highlights on the RNA-Binding Protein/Noncoding RNA Regulatory Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11056. [PMID: 34681716 PMCID: PMC8537729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-transcriptional modifications to coding and non-coding RNAs are unquestionably a pivotal way in which human mRNA and protein diversity can influence the different phases of a transcript's life cycle. CELF (CUGBP Elav-like family) proteins are RBPs (RNA-binding proteins) with pleiotropic capabilities in RNA processing. Their responsibilities extend from alternative splicing and transcript editing in the nucleus to mRNA stability, and translation into the cytoplasm. In this way, CELF family members have been connected to global alterations in cancer proliferation and invasion, leading to their identification as potential tumor suppressors or even oncogenes. Notably, genetic variants, alternative splicing, phosphorylation, acetylation, subcellular distribution, competition with other RBPs, and ultimately lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs all impact CELF regulation. Discoveries have emerged about the control of CELF functions, particularly via noncoding RNAs, and CELF proteins have been identified as competing, antagonizing, and regulating agents of noncoding RNA biogenesis. On the other hand, CELFs are an intriguing example through which to broaden our understanding of the RBP/noncoding RNA regulatory axis. Balancing these complex pathways in cancer is undeniably pivotal and deserves further research. This review outlines some mechanisms of CELF protein regulation and their functional consequences in cancer physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Nasiri-Aghdam
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Texali C. Garcia-Garduño
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Luis Felipe Jave-Suárez
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
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Li KW, Liang YY, Wang Q, Li Y, Zhou SJ, Wei HC, Zhou CZ, Wan XH. Brucea javanica: A review on anticancer of its pharmacological properties and clinical researches. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 86:153560. [PMID: 33858739 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dried fruits of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr (BJ) is being widely investigated, both in lab and in clinic, to explore its potential anticancer activity and molecular mechanism involved. PURPOSE We appraised the available literature and suggested the future research directions to improve the medicinal value of BJ. METHOD In this review, we have summarized the scientific findings from experimental and clinical studies regarding the anticancer activity and mechanisms. RESULTS Numerous studies have reported that BJ exerts anticancer effect on various types of cancer lines through inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting migration/invasion, inducing autophagy and restraining angiogenesis. Brucea javanica triggers the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), release of cytochrome C, activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and regulation of a series of signal pathways and proteins related to cancer. The molecular mechanism involved are inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB and Nrf2-Notch1 pathways; up or down modulating the levels of p53, p62, p21, Bax, and Bcl-2 respectively, and inhibiting the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Brucea javanica's efficacy in treating cancer patients either as a main or supportive treatment is also discussed in this review. CONCLUSION This review will serve as a comprehensive resource of BJ's potential as anticancer agent and its molecular pathways. The analysis of the literature suggests that BJ can serve as a potential candidate for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Wei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Yi-Yu Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Sheng-Jun Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Hao-Cheng Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Chang-Zheng Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China.
| | - Xin-Huan Wan
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China.
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Tomei S, Volontè A, Ravindran S, Mazzoleni S, Wang E, Galli R, Maccalli C. MicroRNA Expression Profile Distinguishes Glioblastoma Stem Cells from Differentiated Tumor Cells. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11040264. [PMID: 33916317 PMCID: PMC8066769 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most common and aggressive tumor of the brain. Despite the fact that several studies have recently addressed the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease, its etiology and pathogenesis are still poorly understood. GBM displays poor prognosis and its resistance to common therapeutic approaches makes it a highly recurrent tumor. Several studies have identified a subpopulation of tumor cells, known as GBM cancer stem cells (CSCs) characterized by the ability of self-renewal, tumor initiation and propagation. GBM CSCs have been shown to survive GBM chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Thus, targeting CSCs represents a promising approach to treat GBM. Recent evidence has shown that GBM is characterized by a dysregulated expression of microRNA (miRNAs). In this study we have investigated the difference between human GBM CSCs and their paired autologous differentiated tumor cells. Array-based profiling and quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) were performed to identify miRNAs differentially expressed in CSCs. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were also interrogated, and functional interpretation analysis was performed. We have identified 14 miRNAs significantly differentially expressed in GBM CSCs (p < 0.005). MiR-21 and miR-95 were among the most significantly deregulated miRNAs, and their expression was also associated to patient survival. We believe that the data provided here carry important implications for future studies aiming at elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tomei
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha PO26999, Qatar; (S.R.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +974-4003-7681
| | - Andrea Volontè
- Unit of Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors, Division of Molecular Oncology, San Raffaele Foundation Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Shilpa Ravindran
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha PO26999, Qatar; (S.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Stefania Mazzoleni
- Neural Stem Cell Biology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (R.G.)
| | - Ena Wang
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section (IDIS), Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, and Center for Human Immunology (CHI) National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Rossella Galli
- Neural Stem Cell Biology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (R.G.)
| | - Cristina Maccalli
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha PO26999, Qatar; (S.R.); (C.M.)
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Li L, Dong Z, Shi P, Tan L, Xu J, Huang P, Wang Z, Cui H, Yang L. Bruceine D inhibits Cell Proliferation Through Downregulating LINC01667/MicroRNA-138-5p/Cyclin E1 Axis in Gastric Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:584960. [PMID: 33390953 PMCID: PMC7774499 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.584960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. Bruceine D (BD) is one of the extracts of Brucea javanica. In recent years, it has been reported that BD has anti-tumor activity in some human cancers through different mechanisms. Here, this study try to explore the effect of BD on gastric cancer and its regulatory mechanism. Methods: Cell proliferation ability was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) staining and soft agar colony formation assay, respectively. The tumor xenograft model was used to verify the effect of BD on the tumorigenicity of gastric cancer cells in vivo. Flow cytometry analysis and Western blot assay were performed to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. Gastric cancer cells were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. The interaction between LINC01667, microRNA-138-5p (miR-138-5p) and Cyclin E1 was verified by dual luciferase experiment and RT-PCR assays. Results: We found that BD significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at S phase in gastric cancer cells. Transcriptome analysis found that the expression of a long non-coding RNA, LINC01667, were significantly down-regulated after BD treatment. Mechanically, it was discovered that LINC01667 upregulated the expression of Cyclin E1 by sponging miR-138-5p. Furthermore, BD enhanced the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells to doxorubicin, a clinically used anti-cancer agent. Conclusion: BD inhibit the growth of gastric cancer cells by downregulating the LINC01667/miR-138-5p/Cyclin E1 axis. In addition, BD enhances the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells to doxorubicin. This study indicates that BD may be used as a candidate drug for the treatment of patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, College of Sericulture and Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, College of Sericulture and Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), Chongqing, China
| | - Pengfei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, College of Sericulture and Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, College of Sericulture and Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, College of Sericulture and Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, College of Sericulture and Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, College of Sericulture and Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, College of Sericulture and Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), Chongqing, China
| | - Liqun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, College of Sericulture and Textile and Biomass Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Reproductive Medicine Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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10
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Participation of MicroRNAs in the Treatment of Cancer with Phytochemicals. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204701. [PMID: 33066509 PMCID: PMC7587345 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global health concern and one of the main causes of disease-related death. Even with considerable progress in investigations on cancer therapy, effective anti-cancer agents and regimens have thus far been insufficient. There has been compelling evidence that natural phytochemicals and their derivatives have potent anti-cancer activities. Plant-based anti-cancer agents, such as etoposide, irinotecan, paclitaxel, and vincristine, are currently being applied in medical treatments for patients with cancer. Further, the efficacy of plenty of phytochemicals has been evaluated to discover a promising candidate for cancer therapy. For developing more effective cancer therapy, it is required to apprehend the molecular mechanism deployed by natural compounds. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been realized to play a pivotal role in regulating cellular signaling pathways, affecting the efficacy of therapeutic agents in cancer. This review presents a feature of phytochemicals with anti-cancer activity, focusing mainly on the relationship between phytochemicals and miRNAs, with insights into the role of miRNAs as the mediators and the regulators of anti-cancer effects of phytochemicals.
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11
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Dolicka D, Sobolewski C, Gjorgjieva M, Correia de Sousa M, Berthou F, De Vito C, Colin DJ, Bejuy O, Fournier M, Maeder C, Blackshear PJ, Rubbia-Brandt L, Foti M. Tristetraprolin Promotes Hepatic Inflammation and Tumor Initiation but Restrains Cancer Progression to Malignancy. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 11:597-621. [PMID: 32987153 PMCID: PMC7806869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Tristetraprolin (TTP) is a key post-transcriptional regulator of inflammatory and oncogenic transcripts. Accordingly, TTP was reported to act as a tumor suppressor in specific cancers. Herein, we investigated how TTP contributes to the development of liver inflammation and fibrosis, which are key drivers of hepatocarcinogenesis, as well as to the onset and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS TTP expression was investigated in mouse/human models of hepatic metabolic diseases and cancer. The role of TTP in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and HCC development was further examined through in vivo/vitro approaches using liver-specific TTP knockout mice and a panel of hepatic cancer cells. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that TTP loss in vivo strongly restrains development of hepatic steatosis and inflammation/fibrosis in mice fed a methionine/choline-deficient diet, as well as HCC development induced by the carcinogen diethylnitrosamine. In contrast, low TTP expression fostered migration and invasion capacities of in vitro transformed hepatic cancer cells likely by unleashing expression of key oncogenes previously associated with these cancerous features. Consistent with these data, TTP was significantly down-regulated in high-grade human HCC, a feature further correlating with poor clinical prognosis. Finally, we uncover hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha and early growth response 1, two key transcription factors lost with hepatocyte dedifferentiation, as key regulators of TTP expression. CONCLUSIONS Although TTP importantly contributes to hepatic inflammation and cancer initiation, its loss with hepatocyte dedifferentiation fosters cancer cells migration and invasion. Loss of TTP may represent a clinically relevant biomarker of high-grade HCC associated with poor prognosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/immunology
- Carcinogenesis/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Datasets as Topic
- Diethylnitrosamine/administration & dosage
- Diethylnitrosamine/toxicity
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Hepatocytes
- Humans
- Liver/immunology
- Liver/pathology
- Liver Cirrhosis/genetics
- Liver Cirrhosis/immunology
- Liver Cirrhosis/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/mortality
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/chemistry
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
- Primary Cell Culture
- Prognosis
- RNA-Seq
- Survival Analysis
- Tristetraprolin/genetics
- Tristetraprolin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Dobrochna Dolicka
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Sobolewski
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Monika Gjorgjieva
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marta Correia de Sousa
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Flavien Berthou
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claudio De Vito
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Didier J Colin
- Centre for Biomedical Imaging and Preclinical Imaging Platform, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Bejuy
- Centre for Biomedical Imaging and Preclinical Imaging Platform, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Margot Fournier
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christine Maeder
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | | | - Michelangelo Foti
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Translational Research Centre in Onco-haematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
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12
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mRNA Post-Transcriptional Regulation by AU-Rich Element-Binding Proteins in Liver Inflammation and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186648. [PMID: 32932781 PMCID: PMC7554771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AU-rich element-binding proteins (AUBPs) represent important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. AUBPs can bind to the AU-rich elements present in the 3'-UTR of more than 8% of all mRNAs and are thereby able to control the stability and/or translation of numerous target mRNAs. The regulation of the stability and the translation of mRNA transcripts by AUBPs are highly complex processes that occur through multiple mechanisms depending on the cell type and the cellular context. While AUBPs have been shown to be involved in inflammatory processes and the development of various cancers, their important role and function in the development of chronic metabolic and inflammatory fatty liver diseases (FLDs), as well as in the progression of these disorders toward cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has recently started to emerge. Alterations of either the expression or activity of AUBPs are indeed significantly associated with FLDs and HCC, and accumulating evidence indicates that several AUBPs are deeply involved in a significant number of cellular processes governing hepatic metabolic disorders, inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis. Herein, we discuss our current knowledge of the roles and functions of AUBPs in liver diseases and cancer. The relevance of AUBPs as potential biomarkers for different stages of FLD and HCC, or as therapeutic targets for these diseases, are also highlighted.
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13
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Sin ZW, Bhardwaj V, Pandey AK, Garg M. A brief overview of antitumoral actions of bruceine D. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2020; 1:200-217. [PMID: 36046775 PMCID: PMC9400783 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2020.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains the second leading cause of mortality globally. In combating cancer, conventional chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are administered as first-line therapy. However, these are usually accompanied with adverse side effects that decrease the quality of patient’s lives. As such, natural bioactive compounds have gained an attraction in the scientific and medical community as evidence of their anticancer properties and attenuation of side effects mounted. In particular, quassinoids have been found to exhibit a plethora of inhibitory activities such as anti-proliferative effects on tumor development and metastasis. Recently, bruceine D, a quassinoid isolated from the shrub Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. (Simaroubaceae), has come under immense investigation on its antineoplastic properties in various human cancers including pancreas, breast, lung, blood, bone, and liver. In this review, we have highlighted the antineoplastic effects of bruceine D and its mode of actions in different tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Wayne Sin
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Vipul Bhardwaj
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India
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14
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Hong YG, Huang ZP, Liu QZ, E JF, Gao XH, Xin C, Zhang W, Li P, Hao LQ. MicroRNA-95-3p inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis in colorectal carcinoma by HDGF. Biomed J 2020; 43:163-173. [PMID: 32418767 PMCID: PMC7283574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important regulatory role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. MiR-95-3p has been reported to be an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the role of miR-95-3p in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains unclear. Methods miR-95-3p was validated in an independent validation sample cohort of 215 CRC tissues. Functional assays, Cell proliferation (MTT) assay colony formation, wound healing, transwell and animal xenograft assays were used to determine the oppressor role of miR-95-3p in human CRC progression. Furthermore, Bioinformatics analysis, western blotting and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to determine the mechanism by which miR-95-3p suppresses progression of CRC cells. Results In this study, we found that miR-95-3p was downregulated in CRC tissues. The low level of miR-95-3p in CRC tumors was correlated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics, and it predicted poor prognosis in CRC patients. The overexpression of miR-95-3p significantly inhibited CRC cell proliferation, colony formation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatic analysis further identified hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) as a novel target of miR-95-3p in CRC cells. These findings suggest that miR-95-3p regulates CRC cell survival, partially through the downregulation of HDGF. Conclusions Therefore, the miR-95-3p/HDGF axis might serve as a novel therapeutic target in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Hong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Huang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; The General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Zhi Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Fu E
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-Hua Gao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Xin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Pengpeng Li
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Qiang Hao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Bailly C. Anticancer properties and mechanism of action of the quassinoid ailanthone. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2203-2213. [PMID: 32239572 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ailanthone (AIT) is a quassinoid natural product isolated from the worldwide-distributed plant Ailanthus altissima. The drug displays multiple pharmacological properties, in particular significant antitumor effects against a variety of cancer cell lines in vitro. Potent in vivo activities have been evidenced in mice bearing hepatocellular carcinoma, nonsmall cell lung cancer and castration-resistant prostate cancer. This review focusses on the mechanism of action of AIT, notably to highlight the capacity of the drug to activate DNA damage responses, to inhibit the Hsp90 co-chaperone p23 and to modulate the expression of several microRNA. The interconnexion between these effects is discussed. The unique capacity of AIT to downregulate oncogenic miR-21 and to upregulate the tumor suppressor miRNAs miR-126, miR-148a, miR-195, and miR-449a is presented. AIT exploits several microRNAs to exert its anticancer effects in distinct tumor types. AIT is one of the rare antitumor natural products that binds to and strongly inhibits cochaperone p23, opening interesting perspectives to treat cancers. However, the toxicity profile of the molecule may limit its development as an anticancer drug, unless it can be properly formulated to prevent AIT-induced gastro-intestinal damages in particular. The antitumor properties of AIT and analogs are underlined, with the aim to encourage further pharmacological studies with this underexplored natural product and related quassinoids. HIGHLIGHTS: Ailanthone (AIT) is an anticancer quassinoid isolated from Ailanthus altissima It inhibits proliferation and induces cell death of many cancer cell types The drug activates DNA damage response and targets p23 cochaperone Up or downregulation of several microRNA by AIT contributes to the anticancer activity Analogs or specific formulations must be developed to prevent the toxicity of AIT.
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16
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Luo C, Wang Y, Wei C, Chen Y, Ji Z. The anti-migration and anti-invasion effects of Bruceine D in human triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:273-279. [PMID: 31853299 PMCID: PMC6909795 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucein D (BD) is a naturally occurring major active quassinoid extracted from the Chinese medicinal herb Brucea javanica, which has been previously demonstrated to exhibit anticancer activities. The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of BD on MDA-MB-231 cells, a human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line. An MTT assay was performed to assess cell viability, whilst wound healing and Transwell assay were applied to measure cell migration and invasion, respectively. Western blot analysis was performed to assess the expression of E-cadherin, vimentin and β-catenin, which are proteins associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), and PI3K, AKT and p-AKT, which are key components of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. BD was indicated to reduce cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner, whilst cell invasion and migration were also significantly inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis demonstrated that BD treatment significantly upregulated the expression of E-cadherin and downregulated the expression of vimentin and β-catenin. Additionally, BD downregulated the expression of PI3K and reduced AKT phosphorylation. In conclusion, BD can inhibit MDA-MB-231 cell viability, migration and invasion, suggesting the potential use of BD for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Luo
- Department of Oncology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Wei
- Department of Oncology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Gaoyou People's Hospital, Gaoyou Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Gaoyou, Jiangsu 225600, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoning Ji
- Department of Oncology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
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17
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Tan B, Huang Y, Lan L, Zhang B, Ye L, Yan W, Wang F, Lin N. Bruceine D induces apoptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer cells through regulating JNK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109089. [PMID: 31226632 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bruceine D (BD) is the quassinoids isolated from the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Brucea javanica's fruit, which exhibits anti-cancer activity. Here, we demonstrated that BD inhibited human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines in vitro that were attributed to the induction of cell apoptosis. Human NSCLC H460 and A549 cell lines were treated with BD, and cell viability was conducted with CCK-8 assay. Cell clone formation was observed by clone formation assay. Cell apoptosis was measured using DAPI staining and flow cytometry. Protein levels was analyzed by western blot. The results showed BD inhibited the cell viability of H460 and A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 0.5 and 0.6 μmol/L, respectively, at 48 h of treatment. Treatment with BD (0.125-1.0 μmol/L) dose-dependently promoted chromatin condensation, Annexin V-positive cell population and caspase-dependent apoptosis in H460 and A549 cells. Mechanistically, BD stimulated the phosphorylation of JNK. Furthermore, the anti-cancer effects of BD were alleviated effectively by a specific JNK inhibitor SP600125 in NSCLC cells. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that BD exerted anti-cancer activity against NSCLC cells through JNK activation, which suggests its potent usefulness for prevention and treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biqin Tan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Yuyu Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Lihua Lan
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Lijun Ye
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China.
| | - Nengming Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China.
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18
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Lian J, Li Y, Yu M. MicroRNA-183 and microRNA-141 are potential risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:1172-1176. [PMID: 30655880 PMCID: PMC6312981 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether microRNA-183 and microRNA-141 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) lesions are potential risk factors for poor prognosis. A total of 317 NPC patients admitted to Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from January 2010 to March 2015 were included. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of microRNA-183 and microRNA-141 in lesions and adjacent tissues, and the relationship between the microRNA-183 and microRNA-141 expression levels and prognosis was analyzed. The expression levels of microRNA-183 and microRNA-141 in lesions were significantly higher than those in adjacent tissues (p<0.05). Patients with distant metastasis had significantly higher expression levels of microRNA-183 and microRNA-141 than patients without distant metastasis (p<0.01). Patients with disease-free survival (DFS) <3 years showed significantly higher expression levels of microRNA-183 and microRNA-141 than those with DFS ≥3 years (p<0.01). NPC patients with high expression levels of microRNA-183 and microRNA-141 showed poor prognosis. MicroRNA-183 and microRNA-141 may play an important role in the distant metastasis of NPC, and have a great impact on prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Lian
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450007, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450007, P.R. China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450007, P.R. China
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19
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Dou YX, Zhou JT, Wang TT, Huang YF, Chen VP, Xie YL, Lin ZX, Gao JS, Su ZR, Zeng HF. Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of bruceine D: a new approach for anti-ulcerative colitis. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:5887-5907. [PMID: 30319255 PMCID: PMC6167998 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s174146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bruceine D (BD) is a major bioactive component isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Brucea javanica which has been widely utilized to treat dysentery (also known as ulcerative colitis [UC]). Methods To improve the water solubility and absolute bioavailability of BD, we developed a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) composing of MCT (oil), Solutol HS-15 (surfactant), propylene glycol (co-surfactant) and BD. The physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetics of BD-SNEDDS were characterized, and its anti-UC activity and potential mechanism were evaluated in TNBS-induced UC rat model. Results The prepared nanoemulsion has multiple beneficial aspects including small mean droplet size, low polydispersity index (PDI), high zeta potential (ZP) and excellent stability. Transmission electron microscopy showed that nanoemulsion droplets contained uniform shape and size of globules. Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that BD-SNEDDS exhibited enhanced pharmacokinetic parameters as compared with BD-suspension. Moreover, BD-SNEDDS significantly restored the colon length and body weight, reduced disease activity index (DAI) and colon pathology, decreased histological scores, diminished oxidative stress, and suppressed TLR4, MyD88, TRAF6, NF-κB p65 protein expressions in TNBS-induced UC rat model. Conclusion These results demonstrated that BD-SNEDDS exhibited highly improved oral bioavailability and advanced anti-UC efficacy. In conclusion, our current results provided a foundation for further research of BD-SNEDDS as a potential complementary therapeutic agent for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Xing Dou
- Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jiang-Tao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong-Tong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yan-Feng Huang
- Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Vicky Ping Chen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - You-Liang Xie
- Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Sheng Gao
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Mingxing Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Fang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
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20
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Berberine induces miR-373 expression in hepatocytes to inactivate hepatic steatosis associated AKT-S6 kinase pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 825:107-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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21
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Chen H, Yang X, Yu Z, Cheng Z, Yuan H, Zhao Z, Wu G, Xie N, Yuan X, Sun Q, Zhang W. Synthesis and biological evaluation of α-santonin derivatives as anti-hepatoma agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 149:90-97. [PMID: 29499490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of α-santonin-derived compounds as potentially anti-hepatoma agents were designed and synthesized in an effort to find novel therapeutic agents. Among them, derivative 5h was more potent than the positive control 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) on HepG-2, QGY-7703 and SMMC-7721 with IC50 values of 7.51, 3.06 and 4.08 μM, respectively. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) of these derivatives were discussed. In addition, flow cytometry and western blot assay revealed that the derivatives induced hepatoma cells apoptosis by facilitating apoptosis-related proteins expressions. Our findings suggested that these α-santonin-derived analogues hold promise as chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of human hepatocellular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zongmin Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ziying Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hu Yuan
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Zeng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guozhen Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ning Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xing Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Qingyan Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200040, China.
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22
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Xiao Z, Shen J, Zhang L, Li M, Hu W, Cho C. Therapeutic targeting of noncoding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: Recent progress and future prospects. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:3395-3402. [PMID: 29467864 PMCID: PMC5796293 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the high mortality rate and unsatisfactory treatment options available, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality. Novel therapeutic targets for HCC are urgently required. Advanced RNA sequencing technology enables the identification of considerable amounts of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including small noncoding RNAs and long noncoding RNAs, which exhibit no protein-coding activities. In this respect, ncRNAs and their regulatory processes are important factors in liver tumorigenesis. The present review focuses on the characteristics and biological roles of ncRNAs in HCC. Potential therapeutic applications of ncRNAs in HCC are also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Hu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Chihin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
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23
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Bagheri E, Hajiaghaalipour F, Nyamathulla S, Salehen NA. Ethanolic extract of Brucea javanica inhibit proliferation of HCT-116 colon cancer cells via caspase activation. RSC Adv 2018; 8:681-689. [PMID: 35538944 PMCID: PMC9076850 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09618f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. is a well-known plant in Chinese System of Medicine. Its fruits and seeds have been reported to possess curative properties against various ailments. The chemical constituents and biological activity of this plant have been an interesting area in plant and chemistry medicine. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of the B. javanica extract against a colon cancer cell line and identification of the chemical components derived from the extract. An ethanolic extract from B. javanica fruits was prepared by cold maceration method, subjected to LC-MS profiling to elucidate the composition abbreviated as BJEE. The extract was screened for the cytotoxicity effects on HCT-116 colon cancer cells via MTT and LDH methods. Additionally, AO/PI staining verified apoptosis features in HCT-116 cells through microscopic analysis. ROS, caspase activity, and gene expression has been performed to identify its possible mechanism of actions which contribute to apoptosis. Output data from this study showed BJEE inhibited the cell proliferation of HCT-116 colon cancer cells at IC50 value of 8.9 ± 1.32 (μg mL-1) and significantly increased the levels of caspase-8, 9, and 3/7 in treated cells in comparison to untreated. The changes in expression of caspase genes and some apoptosis genes like Bax and Bcl-2 were confirmed using RT-PCR. Phytochemical analysis by LC-MS identified six major active compounds (bruceine D, isobrucein A, quassimarin, C16 sphinganine, phytosphingosine, and enigmol) in BJEE that may play a key role in cell apoptosis. The current study showed BJEE could be a promising agent for colorectal cancer therapy by significant increase in caspase activity level, and up-regulation of the specific apoptotic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bagheri
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - F Hajiaghaalipour
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - S Nyamathulla
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - N A Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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24
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Wang H, Hang C, Ou XL, Nie JS, Ding YT, Xue SG, Gao H, Zhu JX. MiR-145 functions as a tumor suppressor via regulating angiopoietin-2 in pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:65. [PMID: 27570490 PMCID: PMC5000507 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0331-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is currently one of the leading causes of cancer deaths without any effective therapies. Mir-145 has been found to be tumor-suppressive in various types of cancers. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of miR-145 in pancreatic cancer cells and explore its underlying mechanism. Methods Quantitative real time PCR was used to determine the expression level of miR-145 and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) mNRA, and the expression level of Ang-2 protein was measured by western blotting. The anti-cancer activities of miR-145 were tested both in in vitro by using cell invasion and colony formation assay and in vivo by using xenograft assay. The direct action of miR-145 on Ang-2 was predicted by TargetScan and confirmed by luciferase report assay. The vascularization of xenografts were performed by immunohistochemical analysis. Results The expression level of miR-145 was significantly lower and the expression levels of Ang-2 mRNA and protein was significantly higher in the more aggressive pancreatic cancer cells (MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1) when compared to that in BxPC3 cells. Overexpression of miR-145 in the BxPC3, MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells suppressed the cell invasion and colony formation ability, and the expression level of Ang-2 protein in MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells was also suppressed after pre-miR-145 transfection. Intratumoral delivery of miR-145 inhibited the growth of pancreatic cancer xenografts and angiogenesis in vivo, and also suppressed the expression level of angiopoietin-2 protein. Luciferase report assay showed that Ang-2 is a direct target of miR-145, and down-regulation of angiopoietin-2 by treatment with Ang-2 siRNA in the BxPC3, MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells suppressed cell invasion and colony formation ability. The reverse transcription PCR results also showed that Tie1 and Tie2 were expressed in BxPC3, MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells. Conclusion MiR-145 functions as a tumor suppressor in pancreatic cancer cells by targeting Ang-2 for translation repression and thus suppresses pancreatic cancer cell invasion and growth, which suggests that restoring of miR-145 may be a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, DrumTower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Cheng Hang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, 215400 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Xi-Long Ou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jin-Shan Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, 215400 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yi-Tao Ding
- Department of General Surgery, DrumTower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Shi-Gui Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, 215400 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Hua Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, 215400 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jian-Xin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Taicang, Suzhou, 215400 Jiangsu Province China
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25
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Hwang SJ, Lee HW, Kim HR, Song HJ, Lee DH, Lee H, Shin CH, Joung JG, Kim DH, Joo KM, Kim HH. Overexpression of microRNA-95-3p suppresses brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma through downregulation of cyclin D1. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20434-48. [PMID: 25971210 PMCID: PMC4653016 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite great efforts to improve survival rates, the prognosis of lung cancer patients is still very poor, mainly due to high invasiveness. We developed brain metastatic PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells through intracardiac injection of lung adenocarcinoma PC14PE6 cells. Western blot and RT-qPCR analyses revealed that PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells had mesenchymal characteristics and higher invasiveness than PC14PE6 cells. We found that cyclin D1 was upregulated, miR-95-3p was inversely downregulated, and pri-miR-95 and its host gene, ABLIM2, were consistently decreased in PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells. MiR-95-3p suppressed cyclin D1 expression through direct binding to the 3′ UTR of cyclin D1 mRNA and suppressed invasiveness, proliferation, and clonogenicity of PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells. Ectopic cyclin D1 reversed miR-95-3p-mediated inhibition of invasiveness and clonogenicity, demonstrating cyclin D1 downregulation is involved in function of miR-95-3p. Using bioluminescence imaging, we found that miR-95-3p suppressed orthotopic tumorigenicity and brain metastasis in vivo and increased overall survival and brain metastasis-free survival. Consistent with in vitro metastatic cells, the levels of miR-95-3p, pri-miR-95, and ABLIM2 mRNA were decreased in brain metastatic tissues compared with lung cancer tissues and higher cyclin D1 expression was involved in poor prognosis. Taken together, our results demonstrate that miR-95- 3p is a potential therapeutic target for brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ree Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Song
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dong Heon Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Shin
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je-Gun Joung
- Translational Bioinformatics Laboratory, Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk-Hwan Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Center for Genome Research, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeung Min Joo
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ho Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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26
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Chen JH, Kim SH, Fan PW, Liu CY, Hsieh CH, Fang K. The aqueous extract of Chinese medicinal herb Brucea javanica suppresses the growth of human liver cancer and the derived stem-like cells by apoptosis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:2003-13. [PMID: 27382253 PMCID: PMC4918741 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s107909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Being effective and relatively safe, the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Brucea javanica (BJ) has been valuable in curing patients in East Asia and its nearby regions for years. Recent reports suggested that the medicinal herb possesses broad antitumor activity against various cancer cells. This study evaluated whether low concentrations of BJ aqueous extract inhibited the growth of liver cancer cells. Experiments including flow cytometry and Western blot analysis established the development of apoptotic cell death after treatment. Further experiments evaluated the growth of the enriched spheroids. BJ not only reduced the expression of stem cell markers but also eliminated tumor spheroids by apoptotic death. The findings suggest BJ is a promising supplement to the current therapy regimen and highlight the opportunity of BJ as a practical avenue to suppress the growth of the stem cells in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-He Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Seung-Hun Kim
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wei Fan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Liu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hung Hsieh
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kang Fang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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27
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Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the US and is expected to be the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. Therefore, it is important to better understand the molecular pathogenesis, phenotypes and features of pancreatic cancer in order to design novel molecularly targeted therapies for achieving better therapeutic outcome of patients with pancreatic cancer. Recently, the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer became a hot topic in the scientific community of pancreatic cancer research. By conducting miRNA expression profiling, the aberrant expression of miRNAs was revealed in the serum and in cancer tissues from patients with pancreatic cancer. These aberrantly expressed miRNAs are critically correlated with the disease stage, drug resistance, and survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Hence, targeting these tiny molecules, the specific miRNAs, could provide an efficient and optimal approach in the therapy of pancreatic cancer. Indeed, the pre-clinical and in vivo experiments showed that nanoparticle delivery of synthetic oligonucleotides or treatment with natural agents could be useful to modulate the expression of miRNAs and thereby inhibit pancreatic cancer growth and progression, suggesting that targeting miRNAs combined with conventional anti-cancer therapeutics could be a novel therapeutic strategy for increasing drug sensitivity and achieving better therapeutic outcome of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Li
- 1. Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- 1. Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; 2. Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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28
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Identification of important long non-coding RNAs and highly recurrent aberrant alternative splicing events in hepatocellular carcinoma through integrative analysis of multiple RNA-Seq datasets. Mol Genet Genomics 2015; 291:1035-51. [PMID: 26711644 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-015-1163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive and deadly cancer. The molecular pathogenesis of the disease remains poorly understood. To better understand HCC biology and explore potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, we investigated the whole transcriptome of HCC. Considering the genetic heterogeneity of HCC, four datasets from four studies consisting of 15 pairs of HCC and adjacent normal samples were analyzed. We observed that the number of lncRNAs expressed in each HCC sample was consistently greater than the adjacent normal sample. Moreover, 15 lncRNAs were identified expressed in five to seven HCC tissues but were not detected in any adjacent normal tissue. Differential expression analysis detected 35 up- and 80 down-regulated lncRNAs in HCC samples compared with adjacent normal samples. In addition, five differentially expressed lncRNAs were predicted to play a role in oxidation and reduction process. With regard to splicing alterations, we identified nine highly recurrent differential splicing events belonging to eight genes USO1, RPS24, CCDC50, THNSL2, NUMB, FN1 (two events), SLC39A14 and NR1I3. Of them, splicing alterations of SLC39A14 and NR1I3 were reported for the association with HCC for the first time. The splicing dysregulation in HCC may be influenced by three splicing factors ESRP2, CELF2 and SRSF5 which were significantly down-regulated in HCC samples. This study revealed uncharacterized aspects of HCC transcriptome and identified important lncRNAs and splicing isoforms with the potential to serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the disease.
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29
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Fan B, Jiao BH, Fan FS, Lu SK, Song J, Guo CY, Yang JK, Yang L. Downregulation of miR-95-3p inhibits proliferation, and invasion promoting apoptosis of glioma cells by targeting CELF2. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1025-33. [PMID: 26165303 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common and aggressive types of tumors in human brain, of which the prognosis remains dismal because of their biological behavior. The involvement of miRNAs in tumorigenesis of various kinds of cancers drives us to explore new miRNAs related to gliomas. We measured expression level of miR‑95‑3p by qRT-PCR in human glioma and non-neoplasm brain tissues and found that higher level of miR‑95‑3p in glioma tissues of higher grade. Biological functions of miR‑95‑3p on glioma cells were investigated by MTT assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay. We discovered the cell lines transfected with miR‑95‑3p ASO (antisense oligonucleotide) had retarded proliferation and invasion but enhanced apoptosis ability. We searched on-line tool Targetscan and selected CELF (CUGBP- and ETR-3-like family 2) as a putative target. Luciferase reporter was employed to confirm the binding sites in 3'UTR region of CELF2 for miR‑95‑3p. The correlation between expression of CELF2 and miR‑95‑3p was determined by western blotting and qRT-PCR both in cell lines and human samples. Results showed CELF2 was a direct target of miR‑95‑3p and expression levels of CELF2 and miR‑95‑3p were negatively correlated. Finally, CELF2 largely abrogated the effects of miR‑95‑3p on proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of glioma cells in rescue experiments, which verified the role of CELF2 in miR‑95‑3p regulating glioma biological behavior. In conclusion, our data suggest the expression level of miR‑95‑3p is positively related to glioma grade and downregulation of miR‑95‑3p affects proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of glioma cells by targeting CELF2. We identified miR‑95‑3p as a putative therapeutic target and CELF2 as a potential tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Hua Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Shi Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050030, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Kui Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Yong Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Kai Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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30
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Xiao Z, Shen J, Feng H, Liu H, Wang Y, Huang R, Guo Q. Characterization of two thymosins as immune-related genes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 50:29-37. [PMID: 25596145 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Prothymosin alpha (ProTα) and thymosin beta (Tβ) belong to thymosin family, which consists of a series of highly conserved peptides involved in stimulating immune responses. ProTα b and Tβ are still poorly studied in teleost. Here, the full-length cDNAs of ProTα b and Tβ-like (Tβ-l) were cloned and identified in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). The expressions of carp ProTα b and Tβ-l exhibited rise-fall pattern and then trended to be stable during early development. After spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) infection, the carp ProTα b and Tβ-l transcripts were significantly up-regulated in some immune-related organs. When transiently over-expressed carp ProTα b and Tβ-l in zebrafish, these two proteins up-regulated the expressions of T lymphocytes-related genes (Rag 1, TCR-γ, CD4 and CD8α). These results suggest that carp ProTα b and Tβ may ultimately enhance the immune response during viral infection and modulate the development of T lymphocytes in teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangang Xiao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong.
| | - Jing Shen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Hong Feng
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Shenzhen Exit & Entry Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Qionglin Guo
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Chen J, Sun D, Chu H, Gong Z, Zhang C, Gong B, Li Y, Li N, Jiang L. Screening of differential microRNA expression in gastric signet ring cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma and target gene prediction. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2963-71. [PMID: 25964059 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (GSRCC) is a unique pathological type of gastric carcinoma that is extremely invasive and has a poor prognosis after diagnosis. The expression of microRNAs has been closely linked to the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer and has been considered as a powerful prognostic marker. Distinctive expression of miRNAs in GSRCC was investigated in the present study. Samples of GSRCC were compared to that of intestinal gastric adenocarcinoma using Agilent microarray technique, and two differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, hsa-miR-665 and hsa-miR‑95. qRT-PCR verification showed downregulation of both miRNAs in signet ring cell carcinoma and upregulation in gastric adenocarcinoma, which was not consistent with the results obtained by the microarray. Target gene prediction using online databases conferred two strong candidate genes, GLI2 and PLCG1. GO/KO analysis of these two genes showed close correlations with carcinogenesis and chemoresistance. It was concluded that hsa-miR-665 and hsa-miR-95 were downregulated in GSRCC but upregulated in intestinal gastric adenocarcinoma, and the relatively differential expression of the miRNAs negatively controlling their target genes could be closely related to the high invasive metastasis and chemoresistance of GSRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Di Sun
- Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Hongjin Chu
- Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohua Gong
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Chenglin Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Benjiao Gong
- Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Ning Li
- Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Lixin Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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32
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A non-conserved miRNA regulates lysosomal function and impacts on a human lysosomal storage disorder. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5840. [PMID: 25524633 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfatases are key enzymatic regulators of sulfate homeostasis with several biological functions including degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and other macromolecules in lysosomes. In a severe lysosomal storage disorder, multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD), global sulfatase activity is deficient due to mutations in the sulfatase-modifying factor 1 (SUMF1) gene, encoding the essential activator of all sulfatases. We identify a novel regulatory layer of sulfate metabolism mediated by a microRNA. miR-95 depletes SUMF1 protein levels and suppresses sulfatase activity, causing the disruption of proteoglycan catabolism and lysosomal function. This blocks autophagy-mediated degradation, causing cytoplasmic accumulation of autophagosomes and autophagic substrates. By targeting miR-95 in cells from MSD patients, we can effectively increase residual SUMF1 expression, allowing for reactivation of sulfatase activity and increased clearance of sulfated GAGs. The identification of this regulatory mechanism opens the opportunity for a unique therapeutic approach in MSD patients where the need for exogenous enzyme replacement is circumvented.
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33
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Xiao Z, Li CH, Chan SL, Xu F, Feng L, Wang Y, Jiang JD, Sung JJY, Cheng CHK, Chen Y. A small-molecule modulator of the tumor-suppressor miR34a inhibits the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6236-47. [PMID: 25217526 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Small molecules that restore the expression of growth-inhibitory microRNAs (miRNA) downregulated in tumors may have potential as anticancer agents. miR34a functions as a tumor suppressor and is downregulated or silenced commonly in a variety of human cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we used an HCC cell-based miR34a luciferase reporter system to screen for miR34a modulators that could exert anticancer activity. One compound identified as a lead candidate, termed Rubone, was identified through its ability to specifically upregulate miR34a in HCC cells. Rubone activated miR34a expression in HCC cells with wild-type or mutated p53 but not in cells with p53 deletions. Notably, Rubone lacked growth-inhibitory effects on nontumorigenic human hepatocytes. In a mouse xenograft model of HCC, Rubone dramatically inhibited tumor growth, exhibiting stronger anti-HCC activity than sorafenib both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations showed that Rubone decreased expression of cyclin D1, Bcl-2, and other miR34a target genes and that it enhanced the occupancy of p53 on the miR34a promoter. Taken together, our results offer a preclinical proof of concept for Rubone as a lead candidate for further investigation as a new class of HCC therapeutic based on restoration of miR34a tumor-suppressor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangang Xiao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Han Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Stephen L Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Feiyue Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Lu Feng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Joseph J Y Sung
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Christopher H K Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong.
| | - Yangchao Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong. State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong. Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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