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Chung HC, Kim SJ, Hwang SJ, Jeon YS, Song MS, Ko SH, Lee J, Choi Y, Chung CU, Lee JM. Identification and characterization of recent retrovirus in Rhinolophus ferrumequinum bats. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0432323. [PMID: 38687078 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04323-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
An investigation into retrovirus was conducted in six species of bats (Myotis aurascens, Myotis petax, Myotis macrodactylus, Miniopterus fuliginosus, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, and Pipistrellus abramus) inhabiting South Korea. Exogenous retroviruses (XRVs) were detected in the tissue samples of R. ferrumequinum individuals by PCR assay. Proviruses were identified in all tissue samples through viral quantification using a digital PCR assay per organ (lung, intestine, heart, brain, wing, kidney, and liver), with viral loads varying greatly between each organ. In phylogenetic analysis based on the whole genome, the Korean bat retroviruses and the R. ferrumequinum retrovirus (RfRV) strain formed a new clade distinct from the Gammaretrovirus clade. The phylogenetic results determined these viruses to be RfRV-like viruses. In the Simplot comparison, Korean RfRV-like viruses exhibited relatively strong fluctuated patterns in the latter part of the envelope gene area compared to other gene areas. Several point mutations within this region (6,878-7,774 bp) of these viruses were observed compared to the RfRV sequence. One Korean RfRV-like virus (named Y4b strain) was successfully recovered in the Raw 264.7 cell line, and virus particles replicated in the cells were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. RfRVs (or RfRV-like viruses) have been spreading since their first discovery in 2012, and the Korean RfRV-like viruses were assumed to be XRVs that evolved from RfRV.IMPORTANCER. ferrumequinum retrovirus (RfRV)-like viruses were identified in greater horseshoe bats in South Korea. These RfRV-like viruses were considered exogenous retroviruses (XRVs) that emerged from RfRV. Varying amounts of provirus detected in different organs suggest ongoing viral activity, replication, and de novo integration in certain organs. Additionally, the successful recovery of the virus in the Raw 264.7 cell line provides strong evidence supporting their status as XRVs. These viruses have now been identified in South Korea and, more recently, in Kenya since RfRV was discovered in China in 2012, indicating that RfRVs (or RfRV-like viruses) have spread worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Chun Chung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Jae Kim
- Department of Companion Animal Health, Kyungbok University, Namyangju, South Korea
| | - Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Shin Jeon
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - Min Sik Song
- Bio Institute, OPTOLANE Technologies Inc, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Si Hwan Ko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jasper Lee
- Department of Microbiology, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, California, USA
| | - Yoona Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul Un Chung
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - Jae Myun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim MJ, Park PG, Hwang SJ, Bang SJ, Jung JH, Kown EB, Sul EK, Song KC, Choi JS, Han KR, Lee HY, Kim DH, Lee JM. Saliva-based Proteinase K method: A rapid and reliable diagnostic tool for the detection of SARS-COV-2 in children. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29361. [PMID: 38178612 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Early and accurate detection of viruses in children might help prevent transmission and severe diseases. In this study, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) detection in children was evaluated using saliva specimens with a Proteinase K (PTK)-based RNA preparation, as saliva collection is a simple and noninvasive procedure, even in young children, with fewer concerns about sample contamination. The saliva-based PTK and the conventional paired nasopharyngeal aspiration (NPA)-based detection methods were compared between COVID-19-positive and -negative children. In addition, the detection rate for SARS-COV-2 and the difference between admission and discharge by the saliva-based PTK method was tested in COVID-19 patients. The diagnostic accuracy of the saliva-based PTK method was 98.8% compared to NP swab-based reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Saliva samples showed high sensitivity (94.1%) and specificity (100%) when using the PTK method. Furthermore, the saliva-based PTK method significantly reduced the test processing time by 2 h. Notably, Ct values at discharge increased in saliva samples compared with those at admission, which might indicate patients' clinical conditions or virus activity. In conclusion, the saliva-based PTK implemented in this study streamlines RNA extraction, making the process faster, safer, and more cost-effective, demonstrating that this method is a rapid and reliable diagnostic tool for SARS-CoV-2 detection in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Korea
| | - Pil-Gu Park
- Department of Microbiology, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Jun Bang
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jae Hwa Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Bin Kown
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Sul
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Korea
| | - Joon-Sik Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Korea
| | - Kyeo Re Han
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Young Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jae Myun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Song HG, Ahn JH, Koh JS, Bae JS, Park YW, Hwang SJ, Hwang JY, Jeong YH. Prognostic implication of residual inflammatory risk according to disease status in patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Compared with stable angina, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) phenotype is related with the elevated inflammatory activity. However, time-dependent change of inflammatory level and its prognostic implication has not been fully understood according to the disease entity.
Methods
We enrolled total 4,263 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with serial measurement of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) at on-admission and 1-month post-PCI. The risks of MACE (a composite of death, MI or stroke), and major bleeding were evaluated up to 4 years after procedure.
Results
Compared with the non-AMI group (n=1,887), the AMI group (n=2,376) showed the significant decrease of hs-CRP during 1 month (∇0.5 vs. ∇0.1 mg/L; P<0.001). However, 1-month hs-CRP value still was higher in the AMI group than in the non-AMI group (median: 1.0 vs. 0.9 mg/L; P=0.001). During 1-month follow-up, high vs. low inflammatory risk (upper vs. lower tertile of hs-CRP) was significantly associated with increased rate of MACE in the AMI group (HR: 7.66; 95% CI: 2.29–25.59; P<0.001), but not in the non-AMI group (HR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.12–4.40; P=0.736). From 1-month to 4-years, patients with high inflammatory risk showed the greater rate of MACE compared to those with low inflammatory risk, in both the AMI (HR: 2.40; 95% CI: 1.73–3.45; P<0.001) and non-AMI (HR: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.80–3.94; P<0.001) groups.
Conclusion
In PCI-treated patients, patients presented with AMI showed the greater values of inflammatory activity and its prognostic implication during the early phase, but combined inflammatory risk appeared similar across the disease entity during the late phase. This result may support that clinical benefit of post-PCI anti-inflammatory treatment would be constant regardless of the disease entity during the stabilized phase.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Song
- Department of Cardiology, Heart-Brain Hospital, Chung-Ang University Gwang-Myeong Medical Center , Gwang-Myeong , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Ahn
- Cardiovascular Center, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital , Changwon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J S Koh
- Cardiovascular Center, Gyeongsang National University Hospital , Jin-Ju , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J S Bae
- Cardiovascular Center, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital , Changwon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y W Park
- Cardiovascular Center, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital , Changwon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hwang
- Cardiovascular Center, Gyeongsang National University Hospital , Jin-Ju , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Y Hwang
- Cardiovascular Center, Gyeongsang National University Hospital , Jin-Ju , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y H Jeong
- Department of Cardiology, Heart-Brain Hospital, Chung-Ang University Gwang-Myeong Medical Center , Gwang-Myeong , Korea (Republic of)
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Park H, Seo SK, Sim J, Hwang SJ, Kim YJ, Shin DH, Jang DG, Noh SH, Park P, Ko SH, Shin MH, Choi JY, Ito Y, Kang C, Lee JM, Lee MG. TMED3 Complex Mediates ER Stress-Associated Secretion of CFTR, Pendrin, and SARS-CoV-2 Spike. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2105320. [PMID: 35748162 PMCID: PMC9350134 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Under ER stress conditions, the ER form of transmembrane proteins can reach the plasma membrane via a Golgi-independent unconventional protein secretion (UPS) pathway. However, the targeting mechanisms of membrane proteins for UPS are unknown. Here, this study reports that TMED proteins play a critical role in the ER stress-associated UPS of transmembrane proteins. The gene silencing results reveal that TMED2, TMED3, TMED9 and TMED10 are involved in the UPS of transmembrane proteins, such as CFTR, pendrin and SARS-CoV-2 Spike. Subsequent mechanistic analyses indicate that TMED3 recognizes the ER core-glycosylated protein cargos and that the heteromeric TMED2/3/9/10 complex mediates their UPS. Co-expression of all four TMEDs improves, while each single expression reduces, the UPS and ion transport function of trafficking-deficient ΔF508-CFTR and p.H723R-pendrin, which cause cystic fibrosis and Pendred syndrome, respectively. In contrast, TMED2/3/9/10 silencing reduces SARS-CoV-2 viral release. These results provide evidence for a common role of TMED3 and related TMEDs in the ER stress-associated, Golgi-independent secretion of transmembrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak Park
- Department of PharmacologySeverance Biomedical Science InstituteYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
- Department of Laboratory MedicineSeverance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Soo Kyung Seo
- Department of PharmacologySeverance Biomedical Science InstituteYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
- Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Ju‐Ri Sim
- Department of PharmacologySeverance Biomedical Science InstituteYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
- Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Su Jin Hwang
- Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute for Immunology and Immunological DiseasesYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Ye Jin Kim
- Department of PharmacologySeverance Biomedical Science InstituteYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
- Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Shin
- Department of PharmacologySeverance Biomedical Science InstituteYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Dong Geon Jang
- Department of PharmacologySeverance Biomedical Science InstituteYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
- Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Shin Hye Noh
- Department of PharmacologySeverance Biomedical Science InstituteYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Pil‐Gu Park
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute for Immunology and Immunological DiseasesYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Si Hwan Ko
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute for Immunology and Immunological DiseasesYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Mi Hwa Shin
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Jae Young Choi
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Yukishige Ito
- Cluster for Pioneering ResearchRIKENWakoSaitama351‐0198Japan
- Graduate School of ScienceOsaka UniversityToyonakaOsaka560‐0043Japan
| | - Chung‐Min Kang
- Department of Pediatric DentistryCollege of DentistryYonsei UniversitySeoul03722Korea
| | - Jae Myun Lee
- Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute for Immunology and Immunological DiseasesYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
| | - Min Goo Lee
- Department of PharmacologySeverance Biomedical Science InstituteYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
- Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul03722Korea
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5
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Sim JR, Shin DH, Park PG, Park SH, Bae JY, Lee Y, Kang DY, Kim YJ, Aum S, Noh SH, Hwang SJ, Cha HR, Kim CB, Ko SH, Park S, Jeon D, Cho S, Lee GE, Kim J, Moon YH, Kim JO, Nam JS, Kim CH, Moon S, Chung YW, Park MS, Ryu JH, Namkung W, Lee JM, Lee MG. Amelioration of SARS-CoV-2 infection by ANO6 phospholipid scramblase inhibition. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111117. [PMID: 35839776 PMCID: PMC9250890 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As an enveloped virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) delivers its viral genome into host cells via fusion of the viral and cell membranes. Here, we show that ANO6/TMEM16F-mediated cell surface exposure of phosphatidylserine is critical for SARS-CoV-2 entry and that ANO6-selective inhibitors are effective against SARS-CoV-2 infections. Application of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike pseudotyped virus (SARS2-PsV) evokes a cytosolic Ca2+ elevation and ANO6-dependent phosphatidylserine externalization in ACE2/TMPRSS2-positive mammalian cells. A high-throughput screening of drug-like chemical libraries identifies three different structural classes of chemicals showing ANO6 inhibitory effects. Among them, A6-001 displays the highest potency and ANO6 selectivity and it inhibits the single-round infection of SARS2-PsV in ACE2/TMPRSS2-positive HEK 293T cells. More importantly, A6-001 strongly inhibits authentic SARS-CoV-2-induced phosphatidylserine scrambling and SARS-CoV-2 viral replications in Vero, Calu-3, and primarily cultured human nasal epithelial cells. These results provide mechanistic insights into the viral entry process and offer a potential target for pharmacological intervention to protect against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Ri Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Pil-Gu Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - So-Hyeon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Korea
| | - Joon-Yong Bae
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngchae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Dha-Yei Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Ye Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sowon Aum
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Shin Hye Noh
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hye-Ran Cha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Cheong Bi Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Si Hwan Ko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sunghoon Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Dongkyu Jeon
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Korea
| | - Gee Eun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hye Moon
- Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jae-Ouk Kim
- Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sungmin Moon
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Youn Wook Chung
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Ryu
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Wan Namkung
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Korea.
| | - Jae Myun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Min Goo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
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Kang MG, Kim KH, Park HW, Koh JS, Hwang SJ, Hwang JY, Park JR. Percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with peripheral artery disease and adverse cardiovascular adverse event and bleeding. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) increase the risk of comorbidity and mortality in coronary artery disease (CAD).
Objectives
We evaluate influence of PAD on prognosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods
We analyzed all consecutive patients included in our dedicated local registry for PCI between January 2011 and December 2016. Presence of PAD was defined by decreased ankle-brachial index (<0.9). Major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) was defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarct, revascularization, and ischemic stroke. Major bleeding was defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 3 or 5.
Results
Among the 4,747 patients who underwent the PCI, 12.9% (n=610) of PAD were identified. Old age (>60 years), renal dysfunction, reduced ejection fraction, and presence of PAD were predictors with both MACE and major bleeding event. Among them, presence of PAD was an independent risk factor of MACE and major bleeding (MACE, HR 8.26, 95% CI 2.33- 29.41, p=0.036; major bleeding, HR 3.11, 95% CI 1.10–10.63, p=0.040, respectively). The MACE and major bleeding rate at 5-year was significantly increased in patients with PAD (MACE, 30.0% vs. 15.8%, log rank test p<0.001; major bleeding, 6.7 vs. 3.6%, log rank test p=0.003, respectively) (Figure).
Conclusion
Presence of PAD was strongly associated with higher rate of long-term MACE and major bleeding. These findings could have a clinical relevance in requiring individualized pharmacologic strategies to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Kang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - K H Kim
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H W Park
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J S Koh
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hwang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Y Hwang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J R Park
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
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7
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Kang MG, Kim KH, Park HW, Koh JS, Park JR, Park YH, Hwang SJ, Jeong YH, Kwak CH, Ahn JH, Song HN, Hwang JY. Impact of active and stable cancer on survival in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
With advances in treatment of ischemic heart disease and cancer treatment, use of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in cancer survivors and patients with active cancer (AC) is expanding.
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of cancer on survival and major cardiovascular events (MACE) in a long-term, single-center cohort of patients treated with PCI.
Methods
Patients treated with PCI between January 2010 and December 2017 were grouped as follows: controls (patients without cancer), stable cancer (SC), and AC. AC was included patients with cancer diagnosed within the past 6 months, patients who had cancer-related therapy within the past 6 months, active metastatic disease, or active recurrence of the cancer. The primary endpoints were 5-year survival and a secondary endpoint was 5-year MACE.
Results
A total of 6,743 patients (age 66±12 years, 68.4% men) treated with PCI were included: 6,404 (95.0%) controls, 245 (3.6%) SC, and 94 (1.4%) AC. Predominant malignancies were gastrointestinal (37.4%), lung (22.7%), and genitourinary cancer (14.7%). No differences were observed between patients with AC, SC and controls regarding 5-year MACE (total MACE, 33.2% vs. 28.1% vs. 17.5%, p=0.072; cardiac death, 13.6% vs. 9.1% vs. 6.7%, p=0.066; non-fatal myocardial infarction, 2.9% vs. 7.5% vs. 7.8%, p=0.820; revascularization, 17.9% vs. 17.6% vs. 11.6%, p=0.794, respectively). Patients with AC and SC had reduced 5-year survival compared with controls (62.0% vs. 81.5% vs. 89.8%, p<0.001) (Figure). AC was associated with a 1.76 (95% CI 1.22 to 2.54, p=0.002) fold increased risk of all-cause 5-year mortality in multivariable adjusted models.
Conclusions
Cumulative incidence of 5-year survival was discriminated by concurrent status of cancer following PCI. Individualized decision making is needed in the routine practice of PCI regarding concurrent cancer-specific treatment and prognosis.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Kang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - K H Kim
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H W Park
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J S Koh
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J R Park
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y H Park
- Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hwang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y H Jeong
- Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - C H Kwak
- Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Ahn
- Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H N Song
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Y Hwang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
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8
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Hwang SJ, Kim SH, Seo WY, Jeong Y, Shin MC, Ryu D, Lee SB, Choi YJ, Kim K. Effects of human collagen α-1 type I-derived proteins on collagen synthesis and elastin production in human dermal fibroblasts. BMB Rep 2021. [PMID: 34078526 PMCID: PMC8249875 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2021.54.6.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen type I is the most abundant form of collagen in human tissues, and is composed of two identical α-1 type I chains and an α-2 type I chain organized in a triple helical structure. A previous study has shown that human collagen α-2 type I (hCOL1A2) promotes collagen synthesis, wound healing, and elastin production in normal human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). However, the biological effects of human collagen α-1 type I (hCOL1A1) on various skin properties have not been investigated. Here, we isolate and identify the hCOL1A1-collagen effective domain (CED) which promotes collagen type I synthesis. Recombinant hCOL1A1-CED effectively induces cell proliferation and collagen biosynthesis in HDFs, as well as increased cell migration and elastin production. Based on these results, hCOL1A1-CED may be explored further for its potential use as a preventative agent against skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Su Hwan Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | | | - Yelin Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Min Cheol Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Sang Bae Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Young Jin Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - KyeongJin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
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9
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Choi IJ, Cha HR, Hwang SJ, Baek SK, Lee JM, Choi SO. Live Vaccinia Virus-Coated Microneedle Array Patches for Smallpox Vaccination and Stockpiling. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:209. [PMID: 33546332 PMCID: PMC7913550 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Although smallpox has been eradicated globally, the potential use of the smallpox virus in bioterrorism indicates the importance of stockpiling smallpox vaccines. Considering the advantages of microneedle-based vaccination over conventional needle injections, in this study, we examined the feasibility of microneedle-based smallpox vaccination as an alternative approach for stockpiling smallpox vaccines. We prepared polylactic acid (PLA) microneedle array patches by micromolding and loaded a second-generation smallpox vaccine on the microneedle tips via dip coating. We evaluated the effect of excipients and drying conditions on vaccine stability in vitro and examined immune responses in female BALB/c mice by measuring neutralizing antibodies and interferon (IFN)-γ-secreting cells. Approximately 40% of the virus titer was reduced during the vaccine-coating process, with or without excipients. At -20 °C, the smallpox vaccine coated on the microneedles was stable up to 6 months. Compared to natural evaporation, vacuum drying was more efficient in improving the smallpox vaccine stability. Microneedle-based vaccination of the mice elicited neutralizing antibodies beginning 3 weeks after immunization; the levels were maintained for 12 weeks. It significantly increased IFN-γ-secreting cells 12 weeks after priming, indicating the induction of cellular immune responses. The smallpox-vaccine-coated microneedles could serve as an alternative delivery system for vaccination and stockpiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Jeong Choi
- QuadMedicine R&D Centre, QuadMedicine, Inc., Seongnam 13209, Korea; (I.-J.C.); (S.-K.B.)
| | - Hye-Ran Cha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.-R.C.); (S.J.H.)
| | - Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.-R.C.); (S.J.H.)
| | - Seung-Ki Baek
- QuadMedicine R&D Centre, QuadMedicine, Inc., Seongnam 13209, Korea; (I.-J.C.); (S.-K.B.)
| | - Jae Myun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.-R.C.); (S.J.H.)
| | - Seong-O Choi
- QuadMedicine R&D Centre, QuadMedicine, Inc., Seongnam 13209, Korea; (I.-J.C.); (S.-K.B.)
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10
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Hwang SJ, Ha GH, Seo WY, Kim CK, Kim K, Lee SB. Human collagen alpha-2 type I stimulates collagen synthesis, wound healing, and elastin production in normal human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). BMB Rep 2020. [PMID: 32843132 PMCID: PMC7607150 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.10.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin aging appears to be the result of overlapping intrinsic (including genetic and hormonal factors) and extrinsic (external environment including chronic light exposure, chemicals, and toxins) processes. These factors cause decreases in the synthesis of collagen type I and elastin in fibroblasts and increases in the melanin in melanocytes. Collagen Type I is the most abundant type of collagen and is a major structural protein in human body tissues. In previous studies, many products containing collagen derived from land and marine animals as well as other sources have been used for a wide range of purposes in cosmetics and food. However, to our knowledge, the effects of human collagen-derived peptides on improvements in skin condition have not been investigated. Here we isolate and identify the domain of a human COL1A2-derived protein which promotes fibroblast cell proliferation and collagen type I synthesis. This human COL 1A2-derived peptide enhances wound healing and elastin production. Finally, the human collagen alpha-2 type I-derived peptide (SMM) ameliorates collagen type I synthesis, cell proliferation, cell migration, and elastin synthesis, supporting a significant anti-wrinkle effect. Collectively, these results demonstrate that human collagen alpha-2 type I-derived peptides is practically accessible in both cosmetics and food, with the goal of improving skin condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chung Kwon Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - KyeongJin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Sang Bae Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
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11
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Kim K, Kim HR, Kang MG, Park HY, Koh JS, Hwang SJ, Hwang JY, Park JR. P1416 Clinical importance of consecutive transthoracic echocardiography in the patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
nothing
OnBehalf
nothing
Background
prediction of outcomes Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have been robustly analyzed with echocardiography. However, there is limited data of serial follow-up (FU) transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to predict outcomes in patients with HCM.
Objectives
This study aim is to discover clinical predictors associated with consecutive TTE follow-up in patients with HCM.
Methods
From 2010 to 2016, 162 patients with HCM were enrolled retrospectively. Concentric LVH and others systolic disease related to wall thickness were excluded. Index TTE (baseline) was measured when firstly admitted in our hospital. FU TTE was analyzed at the end of follow-up, defined as the last recorded value in patients who did not develop events or the last recorded value before events developed.
Results
The average of FU TTE and clinical FU period was 3.7 ± 2.0 years. Clinical outcomes were defined as stroke, syncope, heart failure, arrhythmia and death. Interestingly, only baseline TR V max was a predictor for clinical outcome whereas the others echo parameters were not associated with events (Table 1). KM curve showed the TR Vmax ≥2.5m/s was also significant (log rank = 0.008, Fig 1.)
Conclusions Our study showed short-term FU TTE did not bring clinician with clinical benefits in the aspect of prediction for events. Only baseline TR V max was good correlation with cardiovascular outcomes and even in the survival analysis.
Serial TTE and changed values Total N = 162 index TTE (baseline) FU TTE Change of FU per year event no event p-value event no event p-value event no event p-value IVDd, mm 14 ± 4 15 ± 5 0.500 15 ± 5 14 ± 5 0.758 0.23 ± 0.51 -0.07 ± 1.27 0.200 LVIDd, mm 47 ± 5 48 ± 6 0.256 47 ± 7 48 ± 6 0.560 -0.22 ± 2.79 0.10 ± 2.27 0.444 LVEF, % 62 ± 5 61 ± 7 0.379 61 ± 6 61 ± 10 0.927 -0.43 ± 3.10 -0.04 ± 4.94 0.620 LAVI 43 ± 9 43 ± 8 0.879 57 ± 27 58 ± 23 0.849 0.53 ± 14.5 3.11 ± 7.2 0.134 EA ratio 0.9 ± 0.6 0.9 ± 0.6 0.782 1.0 ± 0.8 0.9 ± 0.6 0.595 -0.02 ± 0.76 0.003 ± 0.027 0.594 DT,ms 196 ± 58 201 ± 62 0.603 203 ± 91 217 ± 89 0.370 17 ± 57 5 ± 40 0.154 septal e` 4.4 ± 2.1 4.2 ± 1.6 0.585 4.4 ± 1.6 4.6 ± 1.7 0.438 0.24 ± 0.91 0.05 ± 0.65 0.190 E of e` 17 ± 11 17 ± 23 0.993 15 ± 9 15 ± 6 0.726 -0.48 ± 4.42 -1.66 ± 22.78 0.728 TR velocity 2.6 ± 0.5 2.4 ± 0.4 0.012 2.7 ± 0.6 2.6 ± 0.4 0.604 0.05 ± 0.30 0.04 ± 0.18 0.905 Max wall thickness 17 ± 3 18 ± 3 0.137 17 ± 4 17 ± 3 0.888 -0.01 ± 2.19 -0.18 ± 1.14 0.522
Abstract P1416 Figure. TR Vmax and CV outcomes in the KM curve
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kim
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H R Kim
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M G Kang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Y Park
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J S Koh
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hwang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Y Hwang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J R Park
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
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12
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Jang JY, Ahn JH, Bae JS, Kang MG, Kim K, Park HW, Koh JS, Park Y, Hwang SJ, Kwak CH, Hwang JY, Jeong YH. P3637Relationship between serial measurements of NT-proBNP and cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Increased level of natriuretic peptides has been known as an important predictors of adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We sought to evaluate clinical implication of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measured at initial and follow-up periods.
Methods
Serial NT-proBNP levels (on-admission and one-month post-PCI) were measured in ACS patients undergoing PCI (n=2,290). High NT-proBNP levels were determined according to the predefined age-specific criteria. Patients were stratified into 4 groups according to NT-proBNP levels (on-admission & one-month): (1) normal-normal group (n=1234, 53.9%); (2) high–normal group (n=257, 11.2%); (3) normal-high group (n=376, 16.4%); and (4) high-high group (n=423, 18.5%). Clinical events were defined as all-cause death and MACE (a composite of CV death, non-fatal MI, and ischemic stroke).
Results
With a median follow-up of 35.9 (IQR: 16.8, 54.5) months, all-cause death and MACE were occurred in 4.1% and 7.2%, respectively. NT-proBNP on-admission vs. at one-month did not differ significantly (median 391.6 [IQR: 143.9, 1402.3] vs. median 619.1 [IQR 240.1, 1616.1]; p=0.622), but the prevalence of high NT-proBNP was increased over time (25.3% to 34.9%; p<0.001). The rates of all-cause death and MACE significantly increased only in the high-high group compared with other groups (log-rank test, all p values <0.001, Figure). After adjustment, the high-high group remained significantly risky in terms with the occurrence of all-cause death (HR, 2.99; 95% CI, 1.65 to 5.41; p<0.001) and MACE (HR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.28 to 3.01; p=0.002).
Figure 1
Conclusion
Serial measurements of NT-proBNP at on-admission and follow-up can help to stratify the risks of all-cause death and adverse CV events following PCI in ACS patients. About two-fifths of patients having high NT-proBNP level during hospitalization can be classified into the low-risk group for all-cause death and adverse CV events.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Jang
- Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Internal Medicine, Changwon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Ahn
- Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Internal Medicine, Changwon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J S Bae
- Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Internal Medicine, Changwon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M G Kang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Internal Medicine, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - K Kim
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Internal Medicine, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H W Park
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Internal Medicine, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J S Koh
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Internal Medicine, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y Park
- Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Internal Medicine, Changwon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hwang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Internal Medicine, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - C H Kwak
- Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Internal Medicine, Changwon, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Y Hwang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Internal Medicine, Jinju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y H Jeong
- Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Internal Medicine, Changwon, Korea (Republic of)
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Kim MJ, Shim DH, Cha H, Moon K, Yang CM, Hwang SJ, Kim KW, Park JH, Lee C, Elias JA, Sohn MH, Lee JM. Chitinase 3-like 1 protein plays a critical role in respiratory syncytial virus-induced airway inflammation. Allergy 2019; 74:685-697. [PMID: 30402955 PMCID: PMC7159489 DOI: 10.1111/all.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Chitinase 3‐like 1 protein (CHI3L1) (YKL‐40 in humans and breast regression protein [BRP]‐39 in mice) is required for optimal allergen sensitization and Th2 inflammation in various chronic inflammatory diseases including asthma. However, the role of CHI3L1 in airway inflammation induced by respiratory viruses has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between CHI3L1 and airway inflammation caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Methods We measured YKL‐40 levels in human nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) from hospitalized children presenting with acute respiratory symptoms. Wild‐type (WT) and BRP‐39 knockout (KO) C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with live RSV (A2 strain). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue samples were obtained on day 7 after inoculation to assess lung inflammation, airway reactivity, and expression of cytokines and BRP‐39. Results In human subjects, YKL‐40 and IL‐13 levels in NPA were higher in children with RSV infection than in control subjects. Expression of BRP‐39 and Th2 cytokines, IL‐13 in particular, was increased following RSV infection in mice. Airway inflammation caused by RSV infection was reduced in BRP‐39 KO mice as compared to WT mice. Th2 cytokine levels were not increased in the lungs of RSV‐infected BRP‐39 KO mice. BRP‐39 regulated M2 macrophage activation in RSV‐infected mice. Additionally, treatment with anti‐CHI3L1 antibody attenuated airway inflammation and Th2 cytokine production in RSV‐infected WT mice. Conclusion These findings suggest that CHI3L1 could contribute to airway inflammation induced by RSV infection. CHI3L1 could be a potential therapeutic candidate for attenuating Th2‐associated immunopathology during RSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
- Department of Pediatrics Severance Hospital Institute of Allergy Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Doo Hee Shim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Hye‐Ran Cha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Kuk‐Young Moon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Chang Mo Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics Severance Hospital Institute of Allergy Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Jeon Han Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Chun Geun Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA
| | - Jack A. Elias
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA
| | - Myung Hyun Sohn
- Department of Pediatrics Severance Hospital Institute of Allergy Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Jae Myun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
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Li Z, Jo BH, Hwang SJ, Kim TH, Somasundaram S, Kamaraj E, Bang J, Ahn TK, Park S, Park HJ. Bifacial Passivation of Organic Hole Transport Interlayer for NiO x -Based p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2019; 6:1802163. [PMID: 30937277 PMCID: PMC6425451 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201802163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Methoxy-functionalized triphenylamine-imidazole derivatives that can simultaneously work as hole transport materials (HTMs) and interface-modifiers are designed for high-performance and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Satisfying the fundamental electrical and optical properties as HTMs of p-i-n planar PSCs, their energy levels can be further tuned by the number of methoxy units for better alignment with those of perovskite, leading to efficient hole extraction. Moreover, when they are introduced between perovskite photoabsorber and low-temperature solution-processed NiO x interlayer, widely featured as an inorganic HTM but known to be vulnerable to interfacial defect generation and poor contact formation with perovskite, nitrogen and oxygen atoms in those organic molecules are found to work as Lewis bases that can passivate undercoordinated ion-induced defects in the perovskite and NiO x layers inducing carrier recombination, and the improved interfaces are also beneficial to enhance the crystallinity of perovskite. The formation of Lewis adducts is directly observed by IR, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and improved charge extraction and reduced recombination kinetics are confirmed by time-resolved photoluminescence and transient photovoltage experiments. Moreover, UV-blocking ability of the organic HTMs, the ameliorated interfacial property, and the improved crystallinity of perovskite significantly enhance the stability of PSCs under constant UV illumination in air without encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijia Li
- Department of Energy ScienceSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Hyun Jo
- Department of Energy ScienceSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Hwang
- Department of ChemistryKongju National UniversityKongju32588Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hak Kim
- Department of Energy Systems ResearchAjou UniversitySuwon16499Republic of Korea
| | | | - Eswaran Kamaraj
- Department of ChemistryKongju National UniversityKongju32588Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Bang
- Nano Convergence Materials CenterKorea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and TechnologyJinju52851Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyu Ahn
- Department of Energy ScienceSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Park
- Department of ChemistryKongju National UniversityKongju32588Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Joon Park
- Department of Energy Systems ResearchAjou UniversitySuwon16499Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringAjou UniversitySuwon16499Republic of Korea
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15
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Kim ES, Choi JY, Hwang SJ, Bae IH. Hypermethylation of miR-205-5p by IR Governs Aggressiveness and Metastasis via Regulating Bcl-w and Src. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2018; 14:450-464. [PMID: 30743214 PMCID: PMC6369268 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although radiotherapy has been successfully applied to treat many cancer types, surviving cancer cells often acquire therapeutic resistance, leading to increased risk of local recurrence and distant metastases via modification of the tumor microenvironment. Previously, we reported that high expression of Bcl-w in cancer patients is significantly correlated with poor survival as well as malignant activity. However, the relationship between ionizing radiation (IR)-induced resistance and Bcl-w expression in cancer cells is currently unclear. We showed that IR-induced Bcl-w contributes to EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition), migration, angiogenesis, stemness maintenance, and metastasis by promoting the expression of factors related to these phenotypes, both in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, IR enhanced hypermethylation of miR-205-5p CpG islands through Src activation, leading to decreased miR-205-5p expression and, in turn, potentially stimulating Bcl-w-mediated malignant activity and metastasis. The clinical applicability of Bcl-w and miR-205-5p from cells or animal models was confirmed using tissues and plasma of breast carcinoma patients. Based on the collective findings, we propose that miR-205-5ps as important negative mediators of resistance in radiotherapy could serve as useful potential targets of concurrently applied genetic therapy aimed to inhibit tumor aggressiveness and enhance the efficiency of radiotherapy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sook Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yeon Choi
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Hwang
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hwa Bae
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Park YW, Jeong YH, Hwang JY, Kwack CH, Hwang SJ. P1714Risk stratification for ischemic and bleeding events in patients using a potent P2Y12 inhibitor. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y W Park
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea Republic of
| | - Y H Jeong
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea Republic of
| | - J Y Hwang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea Republic of
| | - C H Kwack
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea Republic of
| | - S J Hwang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea Republic of
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17
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Kim KH, Jang HG, Kang YM, Kang MG, Park HW, Koh JS, Park JR, Hwang SJ, Hwang JY. P3681Syntax-I score can predict in-hospital mortality among the patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K H Kim
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea Republic of
| | - H G Jang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea Republic of
| | - Y M Kang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea Republic of
| | - M G Kang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea Republic of
| | - H W Park
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea Republic of
| | - J S Koh
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea Republic of
| | - J R Park
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea Republic of
| | - S J Hwang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea Republic of
| | - J Y Hwang
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Cardiology, Jinju, Korea Republic of
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18
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Kim ES, Choi YE, Hwang SJ, Han YH, Park MJ, Bae IH. IL-4, a direct target of miR-340/429, is involved in radiation-induced aggressive tumor behavior in human carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:86836-86856. [PMID: 27895317 PMCID: PMC5349958 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy induces the production of cytokines, thereby increasing aggressive tumor behavior. This radiation effect results in the failure of radiotherapy and increases the mortality rate in patients. We found that interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-4Rα (IL-4 receptor) are highly expressed in various human cancer cells subsequent to radiation treatment. In addition, IL-4 is highly overexpressed in metastatic carcinoma tissues compared with infiltrating carcinoma tissues. High expression of IL-4 in patients with cancer is strongly correlated with poor survival. The results of this study suggest that radiation-induced IL-4 contributes to tumor progression and metastasis. Radiation-induced IL-4 was associated with tumorigenicity and metastasis. IL-4 expression was downregulated by miR-340 and miR-429, which were decreased by ionizing radiation (IR). Radiation-regulated miR-340/429-IL4 signaling increased tumorigenesis and metastasis by inducing the production of Sox2, Vimentin, VEGF, Ang2, and MMP-2/9 via activating JAK, JNK, β-catenin, and Stat6 in vitro and in vivo. Our study presents a conceptual advance in our understanding of the modification of tumor microenvironment by radiation and suggests that combining radiotherapy with genetic therapy to inhibit IL-4 may be a promising strategy for preventing post-radiation recurrence and metastasis in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sook Kim
- Division of Basic Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Eun Choi
- Division of Basic Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Hwang
- Division of Basic Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Han
- Division of Basic Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Park
- Division of Basic Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hwa Bae
- Division of Basic Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Somasundaram S, Kamaraj E, Hwang SJ, Park S. Structural, photophysical, and theoretical studies of imidazole-based excited-state intramolecular proton transfer molecules. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 191:325-335. [PMID: 29055277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Imidazole-based excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) blue fluorescent molecules, 2-(1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenol (BHPI-Cl) and 2-(1-(4-bromophenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenol (BHPI-Br) were designed and synthesized by Debus-Radziszewski method through a one-pot multicomponent reaction in high yield. The synthesized compounds were fully characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, FT-Raman, GC-Mass, and elemental analysis. The molecular structures in single crystal lattice were studied by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Because of the intramolecular hydrogen bonding, hydroxyphenyl group is planar to the central imidazole ring, while the other phenyl rings gave distorted conformations to the central heterocyclic ring. BHPI-Cl and BHPI-Br molecules showed intense ESIPT fluorescence at 480nm, because the two twisted phenyl rings on 4- and 5-positions have reduced intermolecular interaction between adjacent molecules in each crystal through a head-to-tail packing manner. Quantum chemical calculations of energies were carried out by (TD-)DFT using B3LYP/6-31G(d, p) basis set to predict the electronic absorption spectra of the compounds, and they showed good agreement between the computational and the experimental values. The thermal analyses of the synthesized molecules were also carried out by TGA/DSC method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaraman Somasundaram
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudaehak-ro, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, South Korea
| | - Eswaran Kamaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudaehak-ro, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, South Korea
| | - Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudaehak-ro, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, South Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Park
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudaehak-ro, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, South Korea.
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20
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Somasundaram S, Kamaraj E, Hwang SJ, Jung S, Choi MG, Park S. Synthesis, structural, and photophysical studies of π-fused acenaphtho[1,2-d]imidazole-based excited-state intramolecular proton transfer molecules. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Hwang SJ, Lee HW, Kim HR, Song HJ, Lee DH, Lee H, Shin CH, Joung JG, Kim DH, Joo KM, Kim HH. Overexpression of microRNA-95-3p suppresses brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma through downregulation of cyclin D1. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20434-48. [PMID: 25971210 PMCID: PMC4653016 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite great efforts to improve survival rates, the prognosis of lung cancer patients is still very poor, mainly due to high invasiveness. We developed brain metastatic PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells through intracardiac injection of lung adenocarcinoma PC14PE6 cells. Western blot and RT-qPCR analyses revealed that PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells had mesenchymal characteristics and higher invasiveness than PC14PE6 cells. We found that cyclin D1 was upregulated, miR-95-3p was inversely downregulated, and pri-miR-95 and its host gene, ABLIM2, were consistently decreased in PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells. MiR-95-3p suppressed cyclin D1 expression through direct binding to the 3′ UTR of cyclin D1 mRNA and suppressed invasiveness, proliferation, and clonogenicity of PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells. Ectopic cyclin D1 reversed miR-95-3p-mediated inhibition of invasiveness and clonogenicity, demonstrating cyclin D1 downregulation is involved in function of miR-95-3p. Using bioluminescence imaging, we found that miR-95-3p suppressed orthotopic tumorigenicity and brain metastasis in vivo and increased overall survival and brain metastasis-free survival. Consistent with in vitro metastatic cells, the levels of miR-95-3p, pri-miR-95, and ABLIM2 mRNA were decreased in brain metastatic tissues compared with lung cancer tissues and higher cyclin D1 expression was involved in poor prognosis. Taken together, our results demonstrate that miR-95- 3p is a potential therapeutic target for brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ree Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Song
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dong Heon Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Shin
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je-Gun Joung
- Translational Bioinformatics Laboratory, Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk-Hwan Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Center for Genome Research, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeung Min Joo
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ho Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Fouque D, Chen J, Chen W, Garneata L, Hwang SJ, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple JD, Mitch WE, Piccoli G, Teplan V, Chauveau P. Adherence to ketoacids/essential amino acids-supplemented low protein diets and new indications for patients with chronic kidney disease. BMC Nephrol 2016; 17:63. [PMID: 27388899 PMCID: PMC4936289 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-016-0278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low protein diets (LPD) have long been prescribed to chronic kidney disease patients with the goals of improving metabolic abnormalities and postpone the start of maintenance dialysis. METHODS We reviewed the recent literature addressing low protein diets supplemented with ketoacids/essential aminoacids prescribed during chronic kidney disease and their effects on metabolic, nutritional and renal parameters since 2013. RESULTS We show new information on how to improve adherence to these diets, on metabolic improvement and delay of the dialysis needs, and preliminary data in chronic kidney disease associated pregnancy. In addition, data on incremental dialysis have been reviewed, as well as potential strategies to reverse protein energy wasting in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis. CONCLUSION These recent data help to better identify the use of low protein diets supplemented with ketoacids/essential aminoacids during chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Fouque
- UCBL, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, University Lyon, Carmen, Cens, F-69622, Lyon, France. .,Department Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Chemin du grand revoyet, 69495, Pierre Bénite, France.
| | - Jing Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liliana Garneata
- Department Nephrology and Internal Medicine, Dr Carol Davila Hospital of Nephrology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - S J Hwang
- Division Nephrology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
- Division Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Deparment Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joel D Kopple
- Division Nephrology and Hypertension, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.,David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William E Mitch
- Nephrology Division, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Giorgina Piccoli
- SS Nephrology, ASOU San Luigi, Departmentt of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Vladimir Teplan
- Department Nephrol, Institute Clin Exp Med, Transpl Centre, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Philippe Chauveau
- Service de Néphrologie, CHU de Bordeaux & Aurad-Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France
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23
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Lee H, Hwang SJ, Kim HR, Shin CH, Choi KH, Joung JG, Kim HH. Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) controls the invasiveness of glioblastoma through YAP-dependent expression of CYR61/CCN1 and miR-296-3p. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms 2016; 1859:599-611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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24
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Hwang SJ, Lee HW, Kim HR, Lee H, Shin CH, Yun SI, Lee DH, Kim DH, Kim KK, Joo KM, Kim HH. Ubiquitin-specific protease 4 controls metastatic potential through β-catenin stabilization in brain metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21596. [PMID: 26883469 PMCID: PMC4756316 DOI: 10.1038/srep21596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastasis is the most common type of intracranial cancer and is the main cause of cancer-associated mortality. Brain metastasis mainly originates from lung cancer. Using a previously established in vitro brain metastatic model, we found that brain metastatic PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells exhibited higher expression of β-catenin and increased migratory activity than parental PC14PE6 cells. Knockdown of β-catenin dramatically suppressed the motility and invasiveness of PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells, indicating β-catenin is involved in controlling metastatic potential. Since β-catenin protein was increased without a significant change in its mRNA levels, the mechanism underlying increased β-catenin stability was investigated. We found that ubiquitin-specific protease 4 (USP4), recently identified as a β-catenin-specific deubiquitinylating enzyme, was highly expressed in PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells and involved in the increased stability of β-catenin protein. Similar to β-catenin knockdown, USP4-silenced PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells showed decreased migratory and invasive abilities. Moreover, knockdown of both USP4 and β-catenin inhibited clonogenicity and induced mesenchymal-epithelial transition by downregulating ZEB1 in PC14PE6/LvBr4 cells. Using bioluminescence imaging, we found that knockdown of USP4 suppressed brain metastasis in vivo and significantly increased overall survival and brain metastasis-free survival. Taken together, our results indicate that USP4 is a promising therapeutic target for brain metastasis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ree Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Shin
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Il Yun
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dong Heon Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk-Hwan Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Center for Genome Research, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong Kyu Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeung Min Joo
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ho Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Kim IS, Lee B, Yoo SJ, Hwang SJ. Whole Body Vibration Reduces Inflammatory Bone Loss in a Lipopolysaccharide Murine Model. J Dent Res 2014; 93:704-10. [PMID: 24810275 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514534856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole body vibration (WBV) stimulation has a beneficial effect on the recovery of osteoporotic bone. We aimed to investigate the immediate effect of WBV on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammatory bone loss by varying the exposure timing. Balb/C mice were divided into the following groups: control, LPS (L), and LPS with vibration (LV). The L and LV groups received LPS (5 mg/kg) by 2 intraperitoneal injections on days 0 and 4. The LV group was exposed to WBV (0.4 g, 45 Hz) either during LPS treatment (LV1) or after cessation of LPS injection (LV2) and then continued WBV treatment for 10 min/d for 3 d. Evaluation based on micro-computed tomography was performed 7 d after the first injection, when the L group showed a significant decrease in bone volume (-25.8%) and bone mineral density (-33.5%) compared with the control group. The LV2 group recovered bone volume (35%) and bone mineral density (19.9%) compared with the L group, whereas the LV1 group showed no improvement. This vibratory signal showed a suppressive effect on the LPS-mediated induction of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β or TNF-α in human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. These findings suggest that immediate exposure to WBV after the conclusion of LPS treatment efficiently reduces trabecular bone loss, but WBV might be less effective during the course of treatment with inflammatory factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Kim
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B Lee
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Yoo
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Hwang
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jeon ES, Shin JH, Hwang SJ, Moon GJ, Bang OY, Kim HH. Cobalt chloride induces neuronal differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells through upregulation of microRNA-124a. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 444:581-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.01.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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27
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Hsu CC, Chang HY, Huang MC, Hwang SJ, Yang YC, Lee YS, Shin SJ, Tai TY. HbA1c variability is associated with microalbuminuria development in type 2 diabetes: a 7-year prospective cohort study. Diabetologia 2012; 55:3163-72. [PMID: 22923064 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2700-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS HbA(1c) variability has been shown to be an independent risk factor for nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between HbA(1c) variability and microalbuminuria development in patients with type 2 diabetes. We also intended to test the applicability of serially measured HbA(1c) over 2 years for this risk assessment. METHODS Between 2003 and 2005, we recruited 821 middle-aged normoalbuminuric individuals with type 2 diabetes and followed them through to the end of 2010. The average follow-up time was 6.2 years. We defined microalbuminuria as a urine albumin to creatinine ratio of 30 mg/g (3.4 mg/mmol) or higher. HbA(1c) variability was calculated by the SD of serially measured HbA(1c). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between HbA(1c) SD quartile and development of microalbuminuria. RESULTS The incidence of microalbuminuria for the overall population was 58.4, 58.6, 60.8 and 91.9 per 1,000 person-years for Q1- to Q4-adjusted HbA(1c) SD, respectively (p for trend = 0.042). Compared with patients in Q1, those in Q4 were about 37% more likely to develop microalbuminuria. The HR derived from a series of 2 year HbA(1c) measurements was similar to that from data collection for longer than 4 years. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In addition to mean HbA(1c) values, HbA(1c) variability, even measured as early as 2 years, is independently associated with the development of microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Hsu
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Services Research, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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28
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Abstract
Low-magnitude high-frequency (LMHF) vibrations have the ability to stimulate bone formation and reduce bone loss. However, the anabolic mechanisms that are mediated by vibration in human bone cells at the cellular level remain unclear. We hypothesized that human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) display direct osteoblastic responses to LMHF vibration signals. Daily exposure to vibrations increased the proliferation of hMSCs, with the highest efficiency occurring at a peak acceleration of 0.3 g and vibrations at 30 to 40 Hz. Specifically, these conditions promoted osteoblast differentiation through an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and in vitro matrix mineralization. The effect of vibration on the expression of osteogenesis-related factors differed depending on culture method. hMSCs that underwent vibration in a monolayer culture did not exhibit any changes in the expressions of these genes, while cells in three-dimensional culture showed increased expression of type I collagen, osteoprotegerin, or VEGF, and VEGF induction appeared in 2 different hMSC lines. These results are among the first to demonstrate a dose-response effect upon LMHF stimulation, thereby demonstrating that hMSCs are mechanosensitive to LMHF vibration signals such that they could facilitate the osteogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Kim
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hwang SJ, Seol HJ, Park YM, Kim KH, Gorospe M, Nam DH, Kim HH. MicroRNA-146a suppresses metastatic activity in brain metastasis. Mol Cells 2012; 34:329-34. [PMID: 22949171 PMCID: PMC3887840 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-012-0171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary lung tumors, breast tumors, and melanoma metastasize mainly in the brain where therapy is limited to surgery and radiation. To investigate the molecular basis of brain metastases, we isolated brain-trophic metastatic MDA-MB-435-LvBr2 (LvBr2) cells via left ventricle (LV) injection of MDA-MB-435 cells into immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice. Whereas parent MDA-MB-435 cells displayed an elongated morphology, LvBr2 cells were round and displayed an aggregated distribution. LvBr2 cells expressed lower β-catenin levels and higher heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C1/C2 (hnRNPC) levels than parental cells. Since microRNAs are known to play an important role in cancer progression including metastasis, we screened microRNAs expressed specifically in brain metastases. MicroRNA-146a was almost undetectable in LvBr2 cells and highly expressed in the parental cells. Overexpression of miR-146a increased β-catenin expression and suppressed the migratory and invasive activity of LvBr2 cells. The miR-146a-elicited decrease in hnRNPC in turn lowered the expression of MMP-1, uPA, and uPAR and inhibited the migratory and invasive activity of LvBr2 cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that miR-146a is virtually absent from brain metastases and can suppress their metastatic potential including their migratory and invasive activities associated with upregulation of β-catenin and downregulation of hnRNPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 135-710,
Korea
| | - Ho Jun Seol
- Cancer Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710,
Korea
| | - Young Mi Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 135-710,
Korea
| | - Kang Ho Kim
- Cancer Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710,
Korea
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, NIA-IRP, NIH, Baltimore,
USA
| | - Do-Hyun Nam
- Cancer Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710,
Korea
| | - Hyeon Ho Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 135-710,
Korea
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 135-710,
Korea
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30
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Cho HH, Song YH, Kim MR, Hwang SJ, Kim JH. Immunohistochemical changes of adenomyosis after heat therapy: comparison of radiofrequency myolysis and endoablation. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2012; 39:65-68. [PMID: 22675958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To check the pathologic changes of focal adenomyosis after heat therapy using radiofrequency and to evaluate which approach--endometrial ablation or direct heat therapy--is better for adenomyosis. To evaluate whether the timing of the procedure and the menstrual cycle are related to pathologic outcomes after heat therapy. METHODS This study included nine women who underwent total hysterectomy for adenomyosis (diameter, > or = 6 cm). Six fresh uteri were excised in the midline and subjected to radiofrequency heat therapy at the center of the adenomyomas (direct heat therapy) and three uteri were subjected to endometrial ablation. Thereafter, 1 cm(3) myometrial tissue was obtained at 1 cm, 2 cm, and 3 cm away from the endometrium. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies against cytokerain-19 (CK-19), actin, and estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) was performed to evaluate CK-19 (endometrial epithelium marker), actin (myometrial marker) and ER/PR (checking the state of the menstrual cycle), respectively. RESULTS After endometrial ablation, cauterized tissues were not noted 2 cm away from the endometrium. All tissues between the endometruim and center of adenomyosis were cauterized after direct heat therapy. During the uterine proliferative phase, unlike the secretory phase, subendometrial layers were cauterized 10 min after direct cauterization. CONCLUSION Direct heat therapy is more effective than endometrial ablation in adenomyosis, and heat is conducted effectively when the patients are in the proliferative phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University Medical College, Seoul, Korea Republic
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Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is a risk factor for asthma and type II diabetes. Peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor (PPAR)-γ has been suggested to regulate inflammatory responses in diabetes and asthma. We investigated whether PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1, AdipoR2), leptin, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are expressed in rat lung tissues and whether the expression differs between obese Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) and lean Long Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Obese and lean rats were given with a high fat diet or a 30% restricted diet for 32 weeks, and their blood glucose levels and weights were monitored. After 32 weeks, mRNA levels of PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, AdipoR1, AdipoR2, leptin, and TNF-α in lung tissues were measured using real time PCR. RESULTS PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, AdipoR1, AdipoR2, leptin, and TNF-α were expressed in both obese and lean rat lung tissues. Increased serum glucose levels on intraperitoneal glucose tolerance testing and a higher weight gain at 32 weeks were observed in OLETF control rats compared to OLETF diet restricted rats. PPAR-γ expression was markedly elevated in obese control and diet restricted rats compared to lean rats, although PPAR-γ expression in obese rats was not affected by diet restriction. Leptin was highly expressed in OLETF rats compared to LETO rats. TNF-α expression was enhanced in OLETF control rats compared LETO diet restricted rats, and decreased by diet restriction. PPAR-α, AdipoR1, and AdipoR2 expression were not significantly different between obese and lean rats. CONCLUSION PPAR-γ was highly expressed in the lung tissues of obese rats and may be a novel treatment target for regulating lung inflammation associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Won Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk Soo Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Lim Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Soo Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Young Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Yeon Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee JY, Hwang SJ, Shim JW, Jung HL, Park MS, Woo HY, Shim JY. Clinical Significance of Serum Procalcitonin in Patients with Community-acquired Lobar Pneumonia. Ann Lab Med 2010; 30:406-13. [DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2010.30.4.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Won Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Lim Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Soo Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Yeon Woo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Molecular signals driving the regenerative process in distraction osteogenesis (DO) involve a complex system of cellular behavior triggered by mechanical strain. However, it remains unclear how mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) adapt to osteogenic demands during DO. We hypothesized that human MSCs (hMSCs) modulate early osteogenic metabolism during exposure to static stretch. The proliferation of hMSCs was increased by static stretch, which, in turn, suppressed TGF-β1-mediated decreases in cell proliferation. The amount of stretching force applied had little effect on osteoblast differentiation of hMSCs induced by dexamethasone treatment. However, this strain induced sustained production of nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which are critical factors in angiogenesis, from differentiated hMSCs. Mechanical stretch involved ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, the selective inhibitors of which decreased static-stretch-induced VEGF production. These findings provide evidence that hMSCs act to facilitate early osteogenic metabolism during exposure to static stretch.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Kim
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Korea
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Hwang SJ, Kim HS, Chung DH. Fas/Fas Ligand–mediated Apoptosis Promotes Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis in Mice by Enhancing Maturation of Dendritic Cells. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 181:1250-61. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200909-1337oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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35
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Hsu CC, Hwang SJ, Tai TY, Chen T, Huang MC, Shin SJ, Wen CP, Shih YT, Yang HJ, Chang CT, Chang CJ, Loh CH, Fuh MT, Li YS, Chang HY. Cigarette smoking and proteinuria in Taiwanese men with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 2010; 27:295-302. [PMID: 20536492 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.02947.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor associated with diabetic nephropathy. The objective of this study was to further investigate the dose-response effect of tobacco exposure on proteinuria in males with Type 2 diabetes. METHODS Five hundred and nine males with Type 2 diabetes were selected from a cohort participating in a glucose control study in Taiwan. Pack-years of cigarette smoking were calculated to define tobacco exposure. Proteinuria was identified if albumin-to-creatinine ratio was > or = 30 mg/g in at least two of three consecutive urine tests. Logistic regression and trend tests were used to delineate the association between smoking status and proteinuria. RESULTS Compared with non-smokers, those who had smoked 15-30 or more than 30 pack-years were respectively 2.78 (95% CI 1.34-5.76, P < 0.01) and 3.20 (95% CI 1.74-5.86, P < 0.001) times more likely to develop proteinuria. The dose-response effect of tobacco exposure on the development of proteinuria is highly significant in all subjects (P = 0.001) and in subgroups with relatively short duration of diabetes mellitus (P < 0.001), good blood pressure control (P = 0.001) and those of young age (P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS The current study shows a clear dose-response effect of cigarette smoking on development of proteinuria in male Type 2 diabetic patients. These findings reinforce the urgent need to encourage diabetic patients to stop smoking regardless of age, duration of diabetes mellitus or status of blood pressure control.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Hsu
- Division of Health Policy Research and Development, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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Hwang SJ, Kim JH, Kim HY, Kim S, Chung DH. FTY720, a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator, inhibits CD1d-restricted NKT cells by suppressing cytokine production but not migration. J Transl Med 2010; 90:9-19. [PMID: 19823172 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2009.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
FTY720, a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator, suppresses immune responses by inhibiting T-cell migration into target tissues; however, it does not alter T-cell functions. In this study, we investigated the biological effects of FTY720 on NKT cells. Unlike T cells, FTY720 suppressed the production of IL-4, IFN-gamma, IL-10, and IL-13 by NKT cells through the S1P1 receptor (S1P(1)). Moreover, FTY720 also inhibited the expression of T-bet and GATA-3 of NKT cells in the presence of TCR engagement. However, it did not inhibit NKT cell migration in vitro or in vivo. In a K/BxN serum transfer arthritis model, FTY720 suppressed arthritis in B6, but not in CD1d(-/-) mice. Moreover, the adoptive transfer of control NKT cells restored arthritis in CD1d(-/-) mice, whereas FTY720-pretreated NKT cells did not. The number of NKT cells in the joints of B6 mice given FTY720 was similar to that in the joints of untreated B6 mice, whereas the production of IL-4 and IFN-gamma was reduced in the FTY720-treated B6 mice. Taken together, these data show that FTY720 suppresses cytokine production in NKT cells through S1P(1), but not NKT cell migration. Thus, FTY720 may be useful in the treatment of NKT cell-promoted immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Korea
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Abstract
The main objective of this study was to suggest a feasible, effective process for the reduction of sewage sludge using ozone oxidation catalysed by metal ion. A series of lab-scale experiments was conducted to select a suitable catalyst and its proper dose to achieve optimum sludge reduction. Using a central composite design under response surface methodology (RSM), system optimization with respect to sludge reduction and cost-effectiveness was performed by varying the independent parameters: dosages of ozone and ions. Five metal ions, Mn2+, Fe2+, Zn2+, CU2+, and Al3+1, were tested, and the manganese ion showed the highest sludge reduction, as measured by a decrease in total suspended solids. The ozone/Mn combination achieved approximately twice as much sludge reduction as the ozonation alone. Furthermore, the Mn dose of 10 mg/g-TS (total solids) resulted in the highest sludge reduction efficiency among the different doses, which ranged from 0 to 20 mg-Mn/g-TS. The predicted efficiency of sewage sludge reduction using the RSM was found to agree well with the experimental results, and the statistical analyses predicted optimum ranges for the doses of ozone and Mn ions, taking into account the overall cost for sewage sludge treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Lee
- School of Architectural Civil & Environmental Engineering, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Centre for Environmental Studies, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Republic of Korea
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Huang H, Kim HJ, Chang EJ, Lee ZH, Hwang SJ, Kim HM, Lee Y, Kim HH. IL-17 stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells: implications for bone remodeling. Cell Death Differ 2009; 16:1332-43. [PMID: 19543237 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2009.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a cytokine secreted primarily by T(H)-17 cells. Although IL-17 is primarily associated with the induction of tissue inflammation, the other biological roles of IL-17, including non-immune functions, have yet to be thoroughly explored. Here, we report that T-cell-produced IL-17 can induce proliferation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in a manner dependent on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Rac1 GTPase and NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) are activated by IL-17 to produce ROS, which in turn stimulates hMSC proliferation. The activation of the MEK-ERK pathway is also crucial for IL-17-dependent hMSC proliferation. TRAF6 and Act1 are required to activate Nox 1 and to phosphorylate MEK on IL-17 stimulation. Interestingly, IL-17 not only accelerates the proliferation of hMSCs, but also induces their migration, motility, and osteoblastic differentiation. Furthermore, IL-17 induces the expression of M-CSF and receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) on hMSCs, thereby supporting osteoclastogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. On the basis of these results, we suggest that IL-17 can function as a signal to induce extensive bone turnover by regulating hMSC recruitment, proliferation, motility, and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Huang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, BK21 and DRI, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 110-749, Korea
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39
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You S, Yang H, Lee K, Hwang SJ, Cho SY, Park KD, Choi BO. PO5.14 Seven Early-Onset Axonal Neuropathy Patients with Brain Involvements. Clin Neurophysiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(09)60154-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kwon JY, Shin JS, Lee KS, Hwang SJ, Choi BO. PO5.16 Schwannoma and Demyelinating Peripheral Neuropathy. Clin Neurophysiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(09)60156-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Yang H, Shin JS, Hwang SJ, Cho SY, Choi SK, Park KD, Choi BO. PO5.44 Evaluation of Quality of Life in Korean Charcot-Marie-Tooth Patients. Clin Neurophysiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(09)60184-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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42
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Jeong EH, Shin JS, Park EK, Hwang SJ, Cho SY, Chung KW, Choi BO. PO7.9 Phenotypes of 117 Korean Patients with Mitochondrial Disorders. Clin Neurophysiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(09)60220-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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43
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Choi BO, Hwang JH, Kim J, Cho EM, Cho SY, Hwang SJ, Lee HW, Kim SJ, Chung KW. A MELAS syndrome family harboring two mutations in mitochondrial genome. Exp Mol Med 2009; 40:354-60. [PMID: 18587274 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2008.40.3.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous mitochondrial disorder with variable clinical symptoms. Here, from the sequencing of the entire mitochondrial genome, we report a Korean MELAS family harboring two homoplasmic missense mutations, which were reported 9957T>C (Phe251Leu) transition mutation in the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 (COX3) gene and a novel 13849A>C (Asn505His) transversion mutation in the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5) gene. Neither of these mutations was found in 205 normal controls. Both mutations were identified from the proband and his mother, but not his father. The patients showed cataract symptom in addition to MELAS phenotype. We believe that the 9957T>C mutation is pathogenic, however, the 13849A>C mutation is of unclear significance. It is likely that the 13849A>C mutation might function as the secondary mutation which increase the expressivity of overlapping phenotypes of MELAS and cataract. This study also demonstrates the importance of full sequencing of mtDNA for the molecular genetic understanding of mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Ok Choi
- Department of Neurology and Ewha Medical Research Center, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Chung KW, Kim SB, Cho SY, Hwang SJ, Park SW, Kang SH, Kim J, Yoo JH, Choi BO. Distal hereditary motor neuropathy in Korean patients with a small heat shock protein 27 mutation. Exp Mol Med 2009. [PMID: 18587268 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2008.40.3.304/200806306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by degeneration of motor nerves in the absence of sensory abnormalities. Recently, mutations in the small heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) gene were found to cause dHMN type II or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2F (CMT2F). The authors studied 151 Korean axonal CMT or dHMN families, and found a large Korean dHMN type II family with the Ser135Phe mutation in HSP27. This mutation was inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, and was well associated with familial members with the dHMN phenotype. This mutation site is located in the alpha-crystallin domain and is highly conserved between different species. The frequency of this HSP27 mutation in Koreans was 0.6%. Magnetic resonance imaging analysis revealed that fatty infiltrations tended to progressively extend distal to proximal muscles in lower extremities. In addition, fatty infiltrations in thigh muscles progressed to affect posterior and anterior compartments but to lesser extents in medial compartment, which differs from CMT1A patients presenting with severe involvements of posterior and medial compartments but less involvement of anterior compartment. The authors describe the clinical and neuroimaging findings of the first Korean dHMN patients with the HSP27 Ser135Phe mutation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the neuroimaging findings of dHMN type II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Wha Chung
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
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Chung KW, Kim SB, Cho SY, Hwang SJ, Park SW, Kang SH, Kim J, Yoo JH, Choi BO. Distal hereditary motor neuropathy in Korean patients with a small heat shock protein 27 mutation. Exp Mol Med 2009; 40:304-12. [PMID: 18587268 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2008.40.3.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by degeneration of motor nerves in the absence of sensory abnormalities. Recently, mutations in the small heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) gene were found to cause dHMN type II or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2F (CMT2F). The authors studied 151 Korean axonal CMT or dHMN families, and found a large Korean dHMN type II family with the Ser135Phe mutation in HSP27. This mutation was inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, and was well associated with familial members with the dHMN phenotype. This mutation site is located in the alpha-crystallin domain and is highly conserved between different species. The frequency of this HSP27 mutation in Koreans was 0.6%. Magnetic resonance imaging analysis revealed that fatty infiltrations tended to progressively extend distal to proximal muscles in lower extremities. In addition, fatty infiltrations in thigh muscles progressed to affect posterior and anterior compartments but to lesser extents in medial compartment, which differs from CMT1A patients presenting with severe involvements of posterior and medial compartments but less involvement of anterior compartment. The authors describe the clinical and neuroimaging findings of the first Korean dHMN patients with the HSP27 Ser135Phe mutation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the neuroimaging findings of dHMN type II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Wha Chung
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
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Abstract
A two-stage hydrogen/methane fermentation process has emerged as a feasible engineering system to recover bio-energy from wastewater. Hydrogen-producing bacteria (HPB) generate hydrogen from readily available carbohydrates, and organic acids produced during the hydrogen fermentation step can be degraded to generate methane in the following step. Three strong acids, HCl, H(2)SO(4), and HNO(3), were tested to determine the appropriate pre-treatment method for enhanced hydrogen production. The hydrogen production rates of 230, 290, and 20 L/kg(-glucose)/day was observed for the sludge treated with HCl, H(2)SO(4), and HNO(3), respectively, indicating that the acid pre-treatment using either HCl or H(2)SO(4) resulted in a significant increase in hydrogen production. The fluorescent in situ hybridization method indicated that the acid pre-treatment selectively enriched HPB including Clostridium sp. of cluster I from inoculum sludge. After hydrogen fermentation was terminated, the sludge was introduced to a methane fermentation reactor. This experiment showed methane production rates of 100, 30, and 13 L/kg(-glucose)/day for the sludge pre-treated with HCl, H(2)SO(4), and HNO(3), respectively, implying that both sulfate and nitrate inhibited the activity of methane-producing bacteria. Consequently, the acid pre-treatment might be a feasible option to enhance biogas recovery in the two-stage fermentation process, and HCl was selected as the optimal strong acid for the enrichment of HPB and the continuous production of methane.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Lee
- School of Architectural, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Center for Environmental Studies, Kyunghee University, Yongin 449-701, South Korea.
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Hwang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, College of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kyung Ream Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, College of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sae Young Kim
- Pain Clinic, CHA General Hospital, College of Medicine, Pochon CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Nan Seol Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, College of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Chan Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, College of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
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Abstract
Felodipine-loaded poly (epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) microspheres were prepared by two methods, the conventional emulsion solvent evapouration method and the quenching method. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of process parameters such as emulsion type, drug loading, molecular-weight of the polymer, types of emulsion stabilizer and dispersed phase solvents, as well as preparation methods. The results show that, when conventional emulsion solvent evapouration method was used, the o/w-method produced smaller mean size and higher encapsulation efficiency compared with the o/o-method. The encapsulation efficiencies increased with an increase in the molecular weight and a decrease in crystallinity of PCL. The size of microspheres varied with the type of emulsion stabilizer used, smaller microspheres with PVA and narrow size distribution with Pol 237. The water solubility of the dispersed phase solvent was one of the critical factors in controlling the encapsulation efficiency and microsphere mean size. When water-soluble solvents such as acetonitrile and ethyl formate were used, the encapsulation efficiencies decreased due to higher evapouration rate. When quenching methods were used, in contrast to the conventional emulsion solvent evapouration method, very narrowly size-distributed but bigger microspheres were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul
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49
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Shin JS, Chung KW, Cho SY, Yun J, Hwang SJ, Kang SH, Cho EM, Kim SM, Choi BO. NEFL Pro22Arg mutation in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1. J Hum Genet 2008; 53:936-940. [DOI: 10.1007/s10038-008-0333-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2008] [Accepted: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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50
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Chung KW, Cho SY, Hwang SJ, Kim KH, Yoo JH, Kwon O, Kim SM, Sunwoo IN, Züchner S, Choi BO. Early-onset stroke associated with a mutation in mitofusin 2. Neurology 2008; 70:2010-1. [PMID: 18490623 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000312513.96457.7a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K W Chung
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Korea
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