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Khozoei S, Mahdavi AH, Rabiee F, Ghaedi K. Synergistic effects of punicic acid and alpha lipoic acid ameliorate inflammatory and metabolic genes expression in C2C12 myoblast cells under oxidative stress condition. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1403-1411. [PMID: 37987234 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a reaction of the immune system to infection and injury; in fact, it positioned at the center of metabolic disorders, particularly obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Thus play a major role not only in their development, but also exerts as a crucial linking factor among those diseases. In this regard, one of the strategies for tackling this problem is application of antioxidants to treat such diseases. The present study was performed to evaluate the synergistic effects of punicic acid (PUA) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) as antioxidants and radical scavenging reagents on the expression of some inflammatory and metabolism-related genes under oxidative stress in the muscle cells. The experimental treatments consisted of a range of 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 µM of PUA, and 5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µM of ALA with a 200 µM concentration of H2 O2 as an oxidative stress inducer. Accordingly, fatty acid treatments were applied for 24 h, and H2 O2 was treated for 1 h. Our results indicated that the simultaneous treatment of PUA and ALA at optimal concentrations (80 and 50 µM, respectively) decreased the expression of inflammation genes and increased the expression of regulatory genes (Pparγ, Pgc-1α) related to metabolism (p < .05). Unexpectedly, H2 O2 treatment increased the Fndc5 expression (p < .05). Maximal upregulation of Pparγ, Pgc-1α were obtained when fatty acids combination (PUA and ALA) were used in the culture of H2 O2 treated cells (p < .05). Therefore, our findings suggest that the simultaneous use of PUA and ALA fatty acids could reduce oxidative stress, and the expression of inflammatory genes, thereby improving the cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Khozoei
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology (IUT), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mahdavi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology (IUT), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rabiee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan (UI), Isfahan, Iran
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Calabrese EJ, Agathokleous E, Dhawan G, Kapoor R, Calabrese V. Protective effects of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) are mediated by hormetic mechanisms. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 177:113805. [PMID: 37169059 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The endogenous and dietary agent, alpha lipoic acid (ALA) is evaluated for its capacity to induce a broad spectrum of adaptive responses via hormetic dose responses and their underlying mechanisms. ALA was shown to induce hormetic effects in a wide range of experimental models within in vitro and in vivo experimental settings which included direct exposure and pre- and post-conditioning experimental protocols. The hormetic effects occur in a broad range of organ systems, including the brain, heart, kidney and other tissues, with possible public health and clinical/therapeutic applications linked to reducing the onset and progression of neurogenerative diseases and also in the preservation of sperm health and functionality during cryopreservation. This paper provides the first integrated assessment of ALA-induced hormetic dose responses. Underlying mechanisms that mediated the occurrence of ALA-induced hormetic effects involved the induction of low levels of ROS that activate key cell signaling antioxidant (e.g. Nrf2) pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | | | - Rachna Kapoor
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, 95123, Italy.
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Dugbartey GJ, Alornyo KK, Diaba DE, Adams I. Activation of renal CSE/H 2S pathway by alpha-lipoic acid protects against histological and functional changes in the diabetic kidney. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113386. [PMID: 35834985 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We previously reported that alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation protects against progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). In this study, we aim to investigate whether the mechanism of renal protection by ALA involves renal cystathionine γ-lyase/hydrogen sulfide (CSE/H2S) system in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Thirty-seven male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 12 h of overnight fasting. To induce T2DM, 30 of these rats received intraperitoneal administration of nicotinamide (110 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). T2DM rats then received either oral administration of ALA (60 mg/kg/day) or intraperitoneal administration of 40 mg/kg/day DL-propargylglycine (PAG, a CSE inhibitor) or both for 6 weeks after which rats were sacrificed and samples collected for analysis. Untreated diabetic and non-diabetic rats served as diabetic and healthy controls respectively. RESULTS T2DM was characterized by reduced pancreatic β-cell function and hyperglycemia. Histologically, untreated diabetic rats showed significantly damaged pancreatic islets, glomerular and tubular injury, with elevated levels of renal function markers compared to healthy control rats (p < 0.001). These pathological changes worsened significantly following PAG administration (p < 0.05). While some renal protection was observed in ALA+PAG rats, ALA administration in untreated diabetic rats provided superior protection comparable to healthy control rats, with improved antioxidant status, lipid profile and reduced inflammation. Mechanistically, ALA significantly activated renal CSE/H2S system in diabetic rats, which was markedly suppressed in PAG-treated rats (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that ALA protects against DKD development and progression by activating renal CSE/H2S pathway. Hence, CSE/H2S pathway may represent a therapeutic target in the treatment or prevention of DKD in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- George J Dugbartey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Karl K Alornyo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Deborah E Diaba
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ismaila Adams
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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Orphal M, Gillespie A, Böhme K, Subrova J, Eisenreich A, Kreutz R. TMEM63C, a Potential Novel Target for Albuminuria Development, Is Regulated by MicroRNA-564 and Transforming Growth Factor beta in Human Renal Cells. Kidney Blood Press Res 2020; 45:850-862. [PMID: 33080601 DOI: 10.1159/000508477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transmembrane protein (TMEM) 63C is a member of the TMEM gene family and was recently linked to glomerular filtration barrier function and albuminuria. Its molecular function and expression regulation are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE In this study, we set out to characterize the regulating impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) such as miRNA-564 (miR-564) on TMEM63C expression in renal cells. Also, we examined the influence of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß) on TMEM63C expression and the potential impact of TMEM63C inhibition on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal cells and on cell viability in human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK 293). METHODS Expression analyses were done using real-time PCR and Western blot. Dual luciferase assay was performed to determine the miRNA-mediated expression control. Cell viability was assessed via trypan blue exclusion staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS MiR-564 reduced TMEM63C expression in HEK 293 and human podocytes (hPC). The treatment of renal cells with TGF-ß led to an increased expression of TMEM63C. Moreover, a reduced TMEM63C expression was associated with a changed ratio of EMT marker proteins such as α-smooth muscle actin versus E-cadherin in HEK 293 and decreased nephrin expression in hPC. In addition, cell viability was reduced upon inhibition of TMEM63C expression in HEK 293. This study demonstrates first mechanisms involved in TMEM63C expression regulation and a link to EMT in renal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Orphal
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Allan Gillespie
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karen Böhme
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Subrova
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Eisenreich
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Kreutz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany,
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Eisenreich A, Orphal M, Böhme K, Kreutz R. Tmem63c is a potential pro-survival factor in angiotensin II-treated human podocytes. Life Sci 2020; 258:118175. [PMID: 32750436 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Human podocytes (hPC) play an important role in the pathogenesis of renal diseases. In this context, angiotensin II (Ang II) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) play a crucial role in podocyte injury. Recently, transmembrane protein (Tmem) 63c, a member of the Tmem-family was found to be expressed in kidney and associated with podocyte function. In this study, we analysed the expression regulation and functional impact of Tmem63c on cell viability and apoptosis in hPC in the context of Ang II activation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of Tmem63c in response to Ang II and the NFκB inhibitor Bay 11-7082 was analysed by Real-Time PCR and Western blotting. Cellular functions were determined by functional assays. KEY FINDINGS We found Ang II to induce Tmem63c expression in hPC in a concentration-dependent manner. Inhibition of NFκB by Bay 11-7082 reduced basal as well as Ang II-induced Tmem63c expression. SiRNA-mediated down-regulation of Tmem63c diminished cell viability and protein kinase B (Akt) signaling and increased cell apoptosis of resting as well as Ang II-activated hPC. SIGNIFICANCE These data show that Ang II induced the expression of Tmem63c in hPC, possibly via NFκB-dependent mechanisms. Moreover, down-regulation of Tmem63c was associated with reduced cell viability, indicating Tmem63c to be a potential pro-survival factor in hPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Eisenreich
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health Berlin, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Miriam Orphal
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health Berlin, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karen Böhme
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health Berlin, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Kreutz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health Berlin, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
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Pardo-Jiménez V, Navarrete-Encina P, Díaz-Araya G. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Thiazolyl-Coumarin Derivatives as Potent Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors with Antifibrotic Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040739. [PMID: 30791388 PMCID: PMC6412891 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
New histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitors with low toxicity to non-cancerous cells, are a prevalent issue at present because these enzymes are actively involved in fibrotic diseases. We designed and synthesized a novel series of thiazolyl-coumarins, substituted at position 6 (R = H, Br, OCH3), linked to classic zinc binding groups, such as hydroxamic and carboxylic acid moieties and alternative zinc binding groups such as disulfide and catechol. Their in vitro inhibitory activities against HDACs were evaluated. Disulfide and hydroxamic acid derivatives were the most potent ones. Assays with neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts demonstrated low cytotoxic effects for all compounds. Regarding the parameters associated to cardiac fibrosis development, the compounds showed antiproliferative effects, and triggered a strong decrease on the expression levels of both α-SMA and procollagen I. In conclusion, the new thiazolyl-coumarin derivatives inhibit HDAC activity and decrease profibrotic effects on cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Pardo-Jiménez
- Laboratory of Advanced Organic Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile.
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacological & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile.
| | - Patricio Navarrete-Encina
- Laboratory of Advanced Organic Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile.
| | - Guillermo Díaz-Araya
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacological & Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile.
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile.
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