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Li X, Deng J, Long Y, Ma Y, Wu Y, Hu Y, He X, Yu S, Li D, Li N, He F. Focus on brain-lung crosstalk: Preventing or treating the pathological vicious circle between the brain and the lung. Neurochem Int 2024; 178:105768. [PMID: 38768685 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Recently, there has been increasing attention to bidirectional information exchange between the brain and lungs. Typical physiological data is communicated by channels like the circulation and sympathetic nervous system. However, communication between the brain and lungs can also occur in pathological conditions. Studies have shown that severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and other brain diseases can lead to lung damage. Conversely, severe lung diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pneumonia, and respiratory failure can exacerbate neuroinflammatory responses, aggravate brain damage, deteriorate neurological function, and result in poor prognosis. A brain or lung injury can have adverse effects on another organ through various pathways, including inflammation, immunity, oxidative stress, neurosecretory factors, microbiome and oxygen. Researchers have increasingly concentrated on possible links between the brain and lungs. However, there has been little attention given to how the interaction between the brain and lungs affects the development of brain or lung disorders, which can lead to clinical states that are susceptible to alterations and can directly affect treatment results. This review described the relationships between the brain and lung in both physiological and pathological conditions, detailing the various pathways of communication such as neurological, inflammatory, immunological, endocrine, and microbiological pathways. Meanwhile, this review provides a comprehensive summary of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for diseases related to the brain and lungs. It aims to support clinical endeavors in preventing and treating such ailments and serve as a reference for the development of relevant medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiaofang He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Shuang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Fei He
- Department of Geratology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University(the Fifth Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University), Chongqing, 402160, China.
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Sudhahar S, Ozer B, Chang J, Chadwick W, O'Donovan D, Campbell A, Tulip E, Thompson N, Roberts I. An experimentally validated approach to automated biological evidence generation in drug discovery using knowledge graphs. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5703. [PMID: 38977662 PMCID: PMC11231212 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50024-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Explaining predictions for drug repositioning with biological knowledge graphs is a challenging problem. Graph completion methods using symbolic reasoning predict drug treatments and associated rules to generate evidence representing the therapeutic basis of the drug. Yet the vast amounts of generated paths that are biologically irrelevant or not mechanistically meaningful within the context of disease biology can limit utility. We use a reinforcement learning based knowledge graph completion model combined with an automatic filtering approach that produces the most relevant rules and biological paths explaining the predicted drug's therapeutic connection to the disease. In this work we validate the approach against preclinical experimental data for Fragile X syndrome demonstrating strong correlation between automatically extracted paths and experimentally derived transcriptional changes of selected genes and pathways of drug predictions Sulindac and Ibudilast. Additionally, we show it reduces the number of generated paths in two case studies, 85% for Cystic fibrosis and 95% for Parkinson's disease.
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He Z, Yin BK, Wang K, Zhao B, Chen Y, Li ZC, Chen J. The alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion induced neuronal apoptosis in rats. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:741-752. [PMID: 38833094 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01354-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Apoptosis is the crucial pathological mechanism following cerebral ischemic injury. Our previous studies demonstrated that clonidine, one agonist of alpha2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR), could attenuate cerebral ischemic injury in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). However, it's unclear whether clonidine exerts neuroprotective effects by regulating neuronal apoptosis. In this study, we elucidated whether clonidine can exert anti-apoptotic effects in cerebral ischemic injury, and further explored the possible mechanisms. Neurological deficit score was measured to evaluate the neurological function. TTC staining was used for the measurement of brain infarct size. Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining was applied to examine the cell morphology. TUNEL and DAPI fluorescent staining methods were used to analyze the cell apoptosis in brain tissue. Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR was performed to assess the gene expression of Caspase-3 and P53. Western blotting assay was applied to detect the protein expression of Caspase-3 and P53. The results showed that clonidine improved neurological function, reduced brain infarct size, alleviated neuronal damage, and reduced the ratio of cell apoptosis in the brain with MCAO/R injury. moreover, clonidine down-regulated the gene and protein expression of Caspase-3 and P53 which were over-expressed after MCAO/R injury. Whereas, yohimbine (one selective α2-AR antagonist) mitigated the anti-apoptosis effects of clonidine, accompanied by reversed gene and protein expression changes. The results indicated that clonidine attenuated cerebral MCAO/R injury via suppressing neuronal apoptosis, which may be mediated, at least in part, by activating α2-AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi He
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 314001, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China.
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, People's Republic of China.
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo-Kai Yin
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, People's Republic of China
- Yichang Yiling Hospital, 443000, Yichang, People's Republic of China
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 314001, Jiaxing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, People's Republic of China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Chen
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, People's Republic of China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Cheng Li
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, People's Republic of China.
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, People's Republic of China.
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, No.8 Daxue Road, 443002, Yichang, People's Republic of China.
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He Z, Liu J, Zeng XL, Fan JH, Wang K, Chen Y, Li ZC, Zhao B. Inhibition of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel attenuates cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced impairment of learning and memory by regulating apoptotic pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2751-2763. [PMID: 37857792 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01306-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death globally. Cognitive dysfunction is a common complication of stroke, which seriously affects the patient's quality of life. Previous studies have shown that the expression of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation (HCN) channel is closely related to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and subsequent cognitive impairment. We also found that ZD7288, a specific inhibitor of the HCN channel, attenuated IR injury during short-term reperfusion. Since apoptosis can induce cell necrosis and aggravate cognitive impairment after IR, the purpose of this study is to define whether ZD7288 could improve cognitive impairment after prolonged cerebral reperfusion in rats by regulating apoptotic pathways. Our data indicated that ZD7288 can ameliorate spatial cognitive behavior and synaptic plasticity, protect the morphology of hippocampal neurons, and alleviate hippocampal apoptotic cells in IR rats. This effect may be related to down-regulating the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins such as AIF, p53, Bax, and Caspase-3, and increasing the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. Taken together, it suggested that inhibition of the HCN channel improves cognitive impairment after IR correlated with its regulation of apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi He
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, PR China.
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, PR China.
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, PR China.
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xiao-Li Zeng
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, PR China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, PR China
| | - Jing-Hong Fan
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, PR China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, PR China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, PR China
| | - Yue Chen
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, PR China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, PR China
| | - Zi-Cheng Li
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, PR China.
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, PR China.
| | - Bo Zhao
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, PR China.
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, PR China.
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5
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Ying H, Zhang Z, Wang W, Yang Z, You C, Li Y, Cai X, Li X. Inhibition of Calcium-Sensing Receptor Alleviates Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction via CaSR-PKC-ERK1/2 Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2099-2115. [PMID: 36600080 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03189-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is typically characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), associated with cognitive dysfunction in children. Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) mediates the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in various diseases. However, the effect of CaSR on OSAHS remains elusive. In the present study, we investigated the role of CaSR in CIH-induced memory dysfunction and underlying mechanisms on regulation of PKC-ERK1/2 signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. CIH exposures for 4 weeks in mice, modeling OSAHS, contributed to cognitive dysfunction. CIH accelerated apoptosis of hippocampal neurons and resulted in the synaptic plasticity deficit via downregulated synaptophysin (Syn) protein level. The mice were intraperitoneally injected with CaSR inhibitor (NPS2143) 30 min before CIH exposure and the results demonstrated CaSR inhibitor alleviated the apoptosis and synaptic plasticity deficit in the hippocampus of CIH mice. We established intermittent hypoxia PC12 cell model and found that the activation of CaSR accelerated CIH-induced PC12 apoptosis and synaptic plasticity deficit by upregulated p-ERK1/2 and PKC. Overall, our findings revealed that CaSR held a critical function on CIH-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice by accelerating hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and reducing synaptic plasticity via augmenting CaSR-PKC-ERK1/2 pathway; otherwise, inhibition of CaSR alleviated CIH-induced cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiya Ying
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, China
- Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, China
- Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zijing Yang
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, China
- Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Cancan You
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, China
- Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuanai Li
- Department of Pediatric Sleep, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Cai
- Department of Pediatric Sleep, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiucui Li
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, China.
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6
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Insight into the Effects of High-Altitude Hypoxic Exposure on Learning and Memory. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4163188. [PMID: 36160703 PMCID: PMC9492407 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4163188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The earth land area is heterogeneous in terms of elevation; about 45% of its land area belongs to higher elevation with altitude above 500 meters compared to sea level. In most cases, oxygen concentration decreases as altitude increases. Thus, high-altitude hypoxic stress is commonly faced by residents in areas with an average elevation exceeding 2500 meters and those who have just entered the plateau. High-altitude hypoxia significantly affects advanced neurobehaviors including learning and memory (L&M). Hippocampus, the integration center of L&M, could be the most crucial target affected by high-altitude hypoxia exposure. Based on these points, this review thoroughly discussed the relationship between high-altitude hypoxia and L&M impairment, in terms of hippocampal neuron apoptosis and dysfunction, neuronal oxidative stress disorder, neurotransmitters and related receptors, and nerve cell energy metabolism disorder, which is of great significance to find potential targets for medical intervention. Studies illustrate that the mechanism of L&M damaged by high-altitude hypoxia should be further investigated based on the entire review of issues related to this topic.
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Hasegawa Y, Uchikawa H, Kajiwara S, Morioka M. Central sympathetic nerve activation in subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurochem 2021; 160:34-50. [PMID: 34525222 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a life-threatening condition, and although its two main complications-cerebral vasospasm (CVS)/delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and early brain injury (EBI)-have been widely studied, prognosis has not improved over time. The sympathetic nerve (SN) system is important for the regulation of cardiovascular function and is closely associated with cerebral vessels and the regulation of cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular function; thus, excessive SN activation leads to a rapid breakdown of homeostasis in the brain. In the hyperacute phase, patients with SAH can experience possibly lethal conditions that are thought to be associated with SN activation (catecholamine surge)-related arrhythmia, neurogenic pulmonary edema, and irreversible injury to the hypothalamus and brainstem. Although the role of the SN system in SAH has long been investigated and considerable evidence has been collected, the exact pathophysiology remains undetermined, mainly because the relationships between the SN system and SAH are complicated, and many SN-modulating factors are involved. Thus, research concerning these relationships needs to explore novel findings that correlate with the relevant concepts based on past reliable evidence. Here, we explore the role of the central SN (CSN) system in SAH pathophysiology and provide a comprehensive review of the functional CSN network; brain injury in hyperacute phase involving the CSN system; pathophysiological overlap between the CSN system and the two major SAH complications, CVS/DCI and EBI; CSN-modulating factors; and SAH-related extracerebral organ injury. Further studies are warranted to determine the specific roles of the CSN system in the brain injuries associated with SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hasegawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Uchikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Sosho Kajiwara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motohiro Morioka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
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8
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Chronic administration of ketamine induces cognitive deterioration by restraining synaptic signaling. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4702-4718. [PMID: 32488127 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0793-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of the rapid antidepressant effects of ketamine has arguably been the most important advance in depression treatment. Recently, it was reported that repeated long-term ketamine administration is effective in preventing relapse of depression, which may broaden the clinical use of ketamine. However, long-term treatment with ketamine produces cognitive impairments, and the underlying molecular mechanisms for these impairments are largely unknown. Here, we found that chronic in vivo exposure to ketamine for 28 days led to decreased expression of the glutamate receptor subunits GluA1, GluA2, GluN2A, and GluN2B; decreased expression of the synaptic proteins Syn and PSD-95; decreased dendrite spine density; impairments in long-term potentiation (LTP) and synaptic transmission in the hippocampal CA1 area; and deterioration of learning and memory in mice. Furthermore, the reduced glutamate receptor subunit and synaptic protein expression and the LTP deficits were still observed on day 28 after the last injection of ketamine. We found that the expression and phosphorylation of CaMKIIβ, ERK1/2, CREB, and NF-κB were inhibited by ketamine. The reductions in glutamate receptor subunit expression and dendritic spine density and the deficits in LTP, synaptic transmission, and cognition were alleviated by overexpression of CaMKIIβ. Our study indicates that inhibition of CaMKIIβ-ERK1/2-CREB/NF-κB signaling may mediate chronic ketamine use-associated cognitive impairments by restraining synaptic signaling. Hypofunction of the glutamatergic system might be the underlying mechanism accounting for chronic ketamine use-associated cognitive impairments. Our findings may suggest possible strategies to alleviate ketamine use-associated cognitive deficits and broaden the clinical use of ketamine in depression treatment.
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Xiao Y, Wang X, Wang S, Li J, Xu X, Wang M, Li G, Shen W. Celastrol Attenuates Learning and Memory Deficits in an Alzheimer's Disease Rat Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5574207. [PMID: 34350293 PMCID: PMC8328733 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5574207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is associated with learning, memory, and cognitive deficits. Neuroinflammation and synapse loss are involved in the pathology of AD. Diverse measures have been applied to treat AD, but currently, there is no effective treatment. Celastrol (CEL) is a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F that has been shown to enhance cell viability and inhibit amyloid-β production induced by lipopolysaccharides in vitro. In the present study, the protective effect of CEL on Aβ 25-35-induced rat model of AD was assessed. Our results showed that CEL administration at a dose of 2 mg/kg/day improved spatial memory in the Morris water maze. Further biochemical analysis showed that CEL treatment of intrahippocampal Aβ 25-35-microinjected rats attenuated hippocampal NF-κB activity; inhibited proinflammatory markers, namely, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α; and upregulated anti-inflammatory factors, such as IL-4 and IL-10. Furthermore, CEL upregulated hippocampal neurexin-1β, neuroligin-1, CA1, and PSD95 expression levels, which may improve synaptic function. Simultaneously, CEL also increased glucose metabolism in Aβ 25-35-microinjected rats. In conclusion, CEL could exert protective effects against learning and memory decline induced by intrahippocampal Aβ 25-35 through anti-inflammation, promote synaptic development, and maintain hippocampal energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xifeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueyu Xu
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Norozpour Y, Nasehi M, Sabouri-Khanghah V, Nami M, Vaseghi S, Zarrindast MR. The effect of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors on memory retention deficit induced by rapid eye movement sleep deprivation. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 23:1571-1575. [PMID: 33489031 PMCID: PMC7811809 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.44891.10468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): Evidence shows that sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the formation of hippocampus-related memories. Moreover, α2 adrenergic receptors that are wildly expressed in the CA1 hippocampal region have a significant role in modulating both sleep and memory formation. In the present research, we wanted to investigate the effect of stimulation and blockage of CA1 α2 adrenergic receptors by clonidine (an agonist of α2 adrenergic receptor) and yohimbine (an antagonist of α2 adrenergic receptor), respectively, on memory retention impairment induced by REM SD (RSD) in rats. Materials and Methods: Multiple platform apparatus were used to induce RSD, and the passive avoidance task was used to assess memory consolidation. Clonidine and yohimbine were injected intra-CA1. Results: The results showed that RSD (for 24 and 36, but not 12 hr) decreased memory retention, with no effect on locomotion. Post-training intra-CA1 infusion of a subthreshold dose of yohimbine (0.001 μg/rat) did not alter, while clonidine (0.1 μg/rat) restored memory retention impairment induced by RSD (24 and 36 hr). Also, none of the interventions did not influence locomotor activity. Conclusion: Our data strongly showed that CA1 α2 adrenergic receptors have a critical role in RSD-induced memory retention impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Norozpour
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Sabouri-Khanghah
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nami
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran.,Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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eNOS-dependent S-nitrosylation of the NF-κB subunit p65 has neuroprotective effects. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:4. [PMID: 33414434 PMCID: PMC7790835 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cell death by glutamate excitotoxicity, mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, negatively impacts brain function, including but not limited to hippocampal neurons. The NF-κB transcription factor (composed mainly of p65/p50 subunits) contributes to neuronal death in excitotoxicity, while its inhibition should improve cell survival. Using the biotin switch method, subcellular fractionation, immunofluorescence, and luciferase reporter assays, we found that NMDA-stimulated NF-κB activity selectively in hippocampal neurons, while endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), an enzyme expressed in neurons, is involved in the S-nitrosylation of p65 and consequent NF-κB inhibition in cerebrocortical, i.e., resistant neurons. The S-nitro proteomes of cortical and hippocampal neurons revealed that different biological processes are regulated by S-nitrosylation in susceptible and resistant neurons, bringing to light that protein S-nitrosylation is a ubiquitous post-translational modification, able to influence a variety of biological processes including the homeostatic inhibition of the NF-κB transcriptional activity in cortical neurons exposed to NMDA receptor overstimulation.
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Tuo QZ, Zou JJ, Lei P. Rodent Models of Vascular Cognitive Impairment. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:1-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Effects of precondition α 2-adrenoceptor agents on memory- and anxiety-related processes in the transient cerebral ischemic rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:315-324. [PMID: 31616966 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01723-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neurological evidence for the neuroprotective function of α2-adrenoceptors in the cerebral ischemia is inconsistent. It is not examined how pretreatment with a single dose of α2-adrenoceptor agents can affect motor function and anxiety- and memory-related responses in the cerebral ischemic animals. The transient forebrain ischemia model was provided, using a bilateral common carotid arterial occlusion (two-vessel occlusion, 2VO) in male Wistar rats. The 2VO rats impaired motor functions in the Rota-rod and wire grip tests and also decreased the step-through latency and the percentage of time spent on the open arms (%OAT), the percentage of entries into the open arms (%OAE) as well as locomotion in the elevated plus maze (EPM), indicating a memory deficit and anxiety-like behavior. Intraperitoneal single administration of yohimbine (0, 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 mg/kg) before the 2VO did not alter these parameters while the higher and middle doses of clonidine (0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg) prevented the memory deficit and hypo-locomotion and its middle dose abrogated Rota-rod dysfunction and anxiety-like response. Meanwhile, both drugs did not influence on the measured behaviors in the sham groups by themselves. Moreover, yohimbine (0.001 mg/kg) abolished the beneficial effects of clonidine (0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg) on motor function in the Rota-rod and memory retention and also at its middle dose on the %OAT and locomotion in the 2VO rats. Our findings show a neuroprotective role for clonidine in motor function and memory- and anxiety-related behaviors of 2VO rats and the importance of α2-adrenoceptors in these processes.
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The spinal NR2BR/ERK2 pathway as a target for the central sensitization of collagen-induced arthritis pain. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201021. [PMID: 30024967 PMCID: PMC6053233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Pain management is a huge challenge in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and central sensitization is reportedly involved in the development of pain. The current study was undertaken to explore the possible role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in the spinal mechanism of central sensitization in RA using a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. Methods Mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed in C57BL/6 mice, before and after the induction of CIA via administration of chick type II collagen. Analgesic drugs, receptor antagonist, and kinase inhibitor were administrated intrathecally in the spinal cord. Protein expression and phosphorylation changes were detected via immunoblotting. Results CIA mice developed significant mechanical hypersensitivity, and spinal administration of the NMDAR antagonist D-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (D-APV) effectively attenuated peripheral pain hypersensitivity. There was specific enhancement of synaptic NR2B-containing NMDAR (NR2BR) expression in the spinal dorsal horns of the mice. Both the increased total protein expression of NR2B subunit and the enhanced total phosphorylation level of NR2B subunit at 1472 tyrosine promoted the synaptic expression of NMDAR in the mice. Intrathecal injection of tramadol suppressed synaptic NMDAR expression mainly by changing the synaptic phosphorylation state of NR2B subunit at Tyr1472. Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 2 (ERK2) activity synchronized with the synaptic expression of NR2BR, which was downregulated by the action of tramadol. Conclusion Specific enhancement of NR2BR in the spinal dorsal horn may be vital for central sensitization in the CIA model of RA. The NR2BR/ERK2 pathway may be a promising target for pain management in RA patients.
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Neuroprotection of Cytisine Against Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Regulating NR2B-ERK/CREB Signal Pathway. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:1575-1586. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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