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Chen PJ, Yao CA, Chien PC, Tsai HJ, Chen YR, Chuang JH, Chou PL, Lee GC, Lin W, Lin Y. Paeonol Derivative, 6'-Methyl Paeonol, Attenuates Aβ-Induced Pathophysiology in Cortical Neurons and in an Alzheimer's Disease Mice Model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:724-734. [PMID: 38290213 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Herbs themselves and various herbal medicines are great resources for discovering therapeutic drugs for various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the common neurodegenerative diseases. Utilizing mouse primary cortical neurons and DiBAC4(3), a voltage-sensitive indicator, we have set up a drug screening system and identified an herbal extraction compound, paeonol, obtained from Paeonia lactiflora; this compound is able to ameliorate the abnormal depolarization induced by Aβ42 oligomers. Our aim was to further find effective paeonol derivatives since paeonol has been previously studied. 6'-Methyl paeonol, one of the six paeonol derivatives surveyed, is able to inhibit the abnormal depolarization induced by Aβ oligomers. Furthermore, 6'-methyl paeonol is able to alleviate the NMDA- and AMPA-induced depolarization. When a molecular mechanism was investigated, 6'-methyl paeonol was found to reverse the Aβ-induced increase in ERK phosphorylation. At the animal level, mice injected with 6'-methyl paeonol showed little change in their basic physical parameters compared to the control mice. 6'-Methyl paeonol was able to ameliorate the impairment of memory and learning behavior in J20 mice, an AD mouse model, as measured by the Morris water maze. Thus, paeonol derivatives could provide a structural foundation for developing and designing an effective compound with promising clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chien-An Yao
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100225, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | - Pei-Li Chou
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100225, Taiwan
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Zhang X, Wang X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhu H, Xie C, Zhou Y, Shen Y, Tong J. Characterization of Retinal VIP-Amacrine Cell Development During the Critical Period. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:19. [PMID: 38315298 PMCID: PMC10844409 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01452-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Retinal vasoactive intestinal peptide amacrine cells (VIP-ACs) play an important role in various retinal light-mediated pathological processes related to different developmental ocular diseases and even mental disorders. It is important to characterize the developmental changes in VIP-ACs to further elucidate their mechanisms of circuit function. We bred VIP-Cre mice with Ai14 and Ai32 to specifically label retinal VIP-ACs. The VIP-AC soma and spine density generally increased, from postnatal day (P)0 to P35, reaching adult levels at P14 and P28, respectively. The VIP-AC soma density curve was different with the VIP-AC spine density curve. The total retinal VIP content reached a high level plateau at P14 but was decreased in adults. From P14 to P16, the resting membrane potential (RMP) became more negative, and the input resistance decreased. Cell membrane capacitance (MC) showed three peaks at P7, P12 and P16. The RMP and MC reached a stable level similar to the adult level at P18, whereas input resistance reached a stable level at P21. The percentage of sustained voltage-dependent potassium currents peaked at P16 and remained stable thereafter. The spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current and spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic current frequencies and amplitudes, as well as charge transfer, peaked at P12 to P16; however, there were also secondary peaks at different time points. In conclusion, we found that the second, third and fourth weeks after birth were important periods of VIP-AC development. Many developmental changes occurred around eye opening. The development of soma, dendrite and electrophysiological properties showed uneven dynamics of progression. Cell differentiation may contribute to soma development whereas the changes of different ion channels may play important role for spine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yudong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
- Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, No.866 Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jianping Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, No.79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.
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Wu R, Liu Y, Zhang F, Dai S, Xue X, Peng C, Li Y, Li Y. Protective mechanism of Paeonol on central nervous system. Phytother Res 2024; 38:470-488. [PMID: 37872838 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular diseases involve neuronal damage, resulting in degenerative neuropathy and posing a serious threat to human health. The discovery of effective drug components from natural plants and the study of their mechanism are a research idea different from chemical synthetic medicines. Paeonol is the main active component of traditional Chinese medicine Paeonia lactiflora Pall. It widely exists in many medicinal plants and has pharmacological effects such as anti-atherosclerosis, antiplatelet aggregation, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammatory, which keeps generally used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Based on the therapeutic effects of Paeonol for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, this article reviewed the pharmacological effects of Paeonol in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, epilepsy, diabetes encephalopathy, and other neurological diseases, providing a reference for the research of the mechanism of Paeonol in central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Wang Y, Hu J, Wu S, Fleishman JS, Li Y, Xu Y, Zou W, Wang J, Feng Y, Chen J, Wang H. Targeting epigenetic and posttranslational modifications regulating ferroptosis for the treatment of diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:449. [PMID: 38072908 PMCID: PMC10711040 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a unique modality of cell death with mechanistic and morphological differences from other cell death modes, plays a pivotal role in regulating tumorigenesis and offers a new opportunity for modulating anticancer drug resistance. Aberrant epigenetic modifications and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) promote anticancer drug resistance, cancer progression, and metastasis. Accumulating studies indicate that epigenetic modifications can transcriptionally and translationally determine cancer cell vulnerability to ferroptosis and that ferroptosis functions as a driver in nervous system diseases (NSDs), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), liver diseases, lung diseases, and kidney diseases. In this review, we first summarize the core molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis. Then, the roles of epigenetic processes, including histone PTMs, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNA regulation and PTMs, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, methylation, and ADP-ribosylation, are concisely discussed. The roles of epigenetic modifications and PTMs in ferroptosis regulation in the genesis of diseases, including cancers, NSD, CVDs, liver diseases, lung diseases, and kidney diseases, as well as the application of epigenetic and PTM modulators in the therapy of these diseases, are then discussed in detail. Elucidating the mechanisms of ferroptosis regulation mediated by epigenetic modifications and PTMs in cancer and other diseases will facilitate the development of promising combination therapeutic regimens containing epigenetic or PTM-targeting agents and ferroptosis inducers that can be used to overcome chemotherapeutic resistance in cancer and could be used to prevent other diseases. In addition, these mechanisms highlight potential therapeutic approaches to overcome chemoresistance in cancer or halt the genesis of other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, PR China
| | - Joshua S Fleishman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Yulin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yinshi Xu
- Department of Outpatient, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Wailong Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China.
| | - Yukuan Feng
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, PR China.
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, PR China.
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Liu J, Li X, Bai H, Yang X, Mu J, Yan R, Wang S. Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics of the root bark of Paeonia x suffruticosa andrews: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116279. [PMID: 36822345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Moutan Cortex (MC), commonly known as "Mu dan pi", refers to the dried root bark of Paeonia x suffruticosa Andrews and is broadly used as a traditional herbal medication in China, Japan, and Korea. For thousands of years, it has been utilized to treat female genital, extravasated blood, cardiovascular, and stagnant blood disorders. AIM OF THE REVIEW The purpose of this review article was to summarize information on the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of MC, as well as to outline the further research directions for the development of new drugs and the associations between traditional uses and pharmacological effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS The information involved in the study was gathered from a variety of electronic resources, including PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, and Google Scholar. The date was from 1992 to 2022. RESULTS Approximately 163 chemical compounds have been extracted and identified from MC, including monoterpenes, monoterpene glycosides, triterpenes, phenolics, flavonoids, volatile oils, alkaloids, and others. In these categories, the monoterpene glycosides and phenols being the most common. A wide variety of pharmacological effects have been described for MC crude extracts and active molecules, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiviral, antitumor, antidiabetic, organ protection, and neuroprotective activities, as well as treating cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacokinetics has been also used in the study of MC, including its crude extracts or chemical constituents, in order to explore the therapeutic mechanism, direct clinically appropriate application and provide new ideas for the exploitation of innovative medicines. CONCLUSION Modern pharmacological research has demonstrated that MC, as a significant therapeutic resource, has the ability to heal a wide range of diseases, particularly female genital and cardiovascular problems. These researches propose therapeutic ideas for the development of novel MC medicines. Furthermore, preclinical and clinical study have verified several observed pharmacological properties related with the traditional usages of MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincai Liu
- Northwest University Faculty of Life and Health Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Northwest University Faculty of Life and Health Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Huixin Bai
- Northwest University Faculty of Life and Health Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Northwest University Faculty of Life and Health Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Jun Mu
- Northwest University Faculty of Life and Health Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Ruonan Yan
- Northwest University Faculty of Life and Health Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Siwang Wang
- Northwest University Faculty of Life and Health Science, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.
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Li L, Su XL, Bai TT, Qin W, Li AH, Liu YX, Wang M, Wang JK, Xing L, Li HJ, He CX, Zhou X, Zhao D, Li PQ, Wu SP, Liu JL, Chen YL, Cao HL. New paeonol derivative C302 reduces hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats through endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilation. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 927:175057. [PMID: 35636525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and Chinese herb monomers could provide new structural skeletons for anti-hypertension new drug development. Paeonol is a Chinese herbal monomer extracted from Cortex moutan, exhibited some anti-hypertensive activity. The study focused on the structural optimization of paeonol to provide promising lead compounds for anti-hypertension new drug development. Herein, twelve new paeonol derivatives (PD) were designed and synthesized and their vasodilation activity was evaluated by in vitro vasodilation drug screening platform based on Myograph. Its anti-hypertension activity, PD-C302 (2-hydroxy-4-methoxyvalerophenone) as a representative with the optimal vasodilation activity, was determined by its response to blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) in vivo. Moreover, its molecular mechanism was probed by the vasodilation activity of rat superior mesenteric artery rings with or without endothelium pre-contracted by potassium chloride (KCl) or phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE). It was indicated that PD-C302 significantly reduced the blood pressure in SHR, which would involve in PD-C302-induced vasodilation. Furthermore, endothelium-dependent pathways and endothelium-independent pathways both contributed importantly to PD-C302-induced vasodilation at low concentration of PD-C302. Endothelium-independent pathways (vascular smooth muscle cell-mediated vasodilation), were mainly responsible for the PD-C302-induced vasodilation at high concentration of PD-C302, which involved in opening multiple K+ channels to restrain Ca2+ channels, and then triggered vasodilation to reduce blood pressure. PD-C302 has a simple structure and favorable anti-hypertensive activity in vivo, which could be a promising lead compound for anti-hypertension new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xing-Li Su
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Tian-Tian Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Ai-Hong Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Herb and Natural Drug Development, Medicine Research Institute, Shaanxi Pharmaceutical Holding Group Co., LTD, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710075, China
| | - Yang-Xin Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Ming Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Jiang-Kai Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Lu Xing
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Hui-Jin Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Chun-Xia He
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Peng-Quan Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Shao-Ping Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Jian-Li Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.
| | - Yu-Long Chen
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
| | - Hui-Ling Cao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Basic and Translation of Cardiovascular Metabolic Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China; College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.
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Li XT. Alzheimer's disease therapy based on acetylcholinesterase inhibitor/blocker effects on voltage-gated potassium channels. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:581-587. [PMID: 35098414 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00921-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder with progressive loss of memory and other cognitive functions. The pathogenesis of this disease is complex and multifactorial, and remains obscure until now. To enhance the declined level of acetylcholine (ACh) resulting from loss of cholinergic neurons, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are developed and successfully approved for AD treatment in the clinic, with a limited therapeutic effectiveness. At present, it is generally accepted that multi-target strategy is potently useful for designing novel drugs for AD. Accumulated evidence reveals that Kv channels, which are broadly expressed in brain and possess crucial functions in modulating the neuronal activity, are inhibited by several acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, such as tacrine, bis(7)-tacrine, donepezil and galantamine. Inhibition of Kv channels by these AChE inhibitors can generate neuroprotective effects by either mitigating Aβ toxicity and neuronal apoptosis, or facilitating cell proliferation. These inhibitory effects provide additional explanations for clinical beneficial effectiveness of AChE inhibitors, meaning that Kv channel is a promising candidate target for novel drugs for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Tao Li
- Department of Neuroscience, South-Central University for Nationalities, 182 Minyuan Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Pourmohammadi S, Roghani M, Kiasalari Z, Khalili M. Paeonol Ameliorates Cuprizone-Induced Hippocampal Demyelination and Cognitive Deficits through Inhibition of Oxidative and Inflammatory Events. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:748-758. [PMID: 35001353 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01951-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system with autoimmune nature that is typified by varying degrees of demyelination and axonal damage. Paeonol is an active ingredient in some medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective property. This study was conducted to reveal whether paeonol can alleviate hippocampal demyelination and cognitive deficits in cuprizone-induced murine model of demyelination as a model of MS. C57BL/6 mice received oral cuprizone (400 mg/kg) for 6 weeks, and paeonol was administered p.o. at two doses of 25 or 100 mg/kg, starting from the second week post-cuprizone for 5 weeks. After assessment of learning and memory in different tasks, oxidative stress and inflammation were evaluated besides immunohistochemical assessment of hippocampal myelin basic protein (MBP). Paeonol (100 mg/kg) properly ameliorated cognitive deficits in Y maze, novel object discrimination (NOD) test, and Barnes maze with no significant improvement of performance in passive avoidance task. In addition, paeonol treatment at the higher dose was also associated with partial restoration of hippocampal level of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers including MDA, ROS, GSH, SOD, catalase, NF-kB, and TNF. Besides, paeonol improved MMP as an index of mitochondrial integrity and health and reduced MPO as a factor of neutrophil infiltration. Furthermore, paeonol treatment prevented hippocampal MBP immunoreactivity, indicating its prevention of demyelination. In conclusion, the current study showed the preventive effect of paeonol against cuprizone-induced demyelination and cognitive deficits through reversing most oxidative stress- and inflammation-related parameters in addition to its improvement of mitochondrial health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soosan Pourmohammadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Kiasalari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Khalili
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Maqoud F, Scala R, Hoxha M, Zappacosta B, Tricarico D. ATP-sensitive potassium channel subunits in the neuroinflammation: novel drug targets in neurodegenerative disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2021; 21:130-149. [PMID: 33463481 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210119095626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonic acids and its metabolites modulate plenty of ligand-gated, voltage-dependent ion channels, and metabolically regulated potassium channels including ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP). KATP channels are hetero-multimeric complexes of sulfonylureas receptors (SUR1, SUR2A or SUR2B) and the pore-forming subunits (Kir6.1 and Kir6.2) likewise expressed in the pre-post synapsis of neurons and inflammatory cells, thereby affecting their proliferation and activity. KATP channels are involved in amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced pathology, therefore emerging as therapeutic targets against Alzheimer's and related diseases. The modulation of these channels can represent an innovative strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders; nevertheless, the currently available drugs are not selective for brain KATP channels and show contrasting effects. This phenomenon can be a consequence of the multiple physiological roles of the different varieties of KATP channels. Openings of cardiac and muscular KATP channel subunits, is protective against caspase-dependent atrophy in these tissues and some neurodegenerative disorders, whereas in some neuroinflammatory diseases benefits can be obtained through the inhibition of neuronal KATP channel subunits. For example, glibenclamide exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in respiratory, digestive, urological, and central nervous system (CNS) diseases, as well as in ischemia-reperfusion injury associated with abnormal SUR1-Trpm4/TNF-α or SUR1-Trpm4/ Nos2/ROS signaling. Despite this strategy is promising, glibenclamide may have limited clinical efficacy due to its unselective blocking action of SUR2A/B subunits also expressed in cardiovascular apparatus with pro-arrhythmic effects and SUR1 expressed in pancreatic beta cells with hypoglycemic risk. Alternatively, neuronal selective dual modulators showing agonist/antagonist actions on KATP channels can be an option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Maqoud
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125-I. Italy
| | - Rosa Scala
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125-I. Italy
| | - Malvina Hoxha
- Department of Chemical-Toxicological and Pharmacological Evaluation of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel", Tirana. Albania
| | - Bruno Zappacosta
- Department of Chemical-Toxicological and Pharmacological Evaluation of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel", Tirana. Albania
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125-I. Italy
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Zhu X, Chen Y, Xu X, Xu X, Lu Y, Huang X, Zhou J, Hu L, Wang J, Shen X. SP6616 as a Kv2.1 inhibitor efficiently ameliorates peripheral neuropathy in diabetic mice. EBioMedicine 2020; 61:103061. [PMID: 33096484 PMCID: PMC7581884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes severely afflicting the patients, while there is yet no effective medication against this disease. As Kv2.1 channel functions potently in regulating neurological disorders, the present work was to investigate the regulation of Kv2.1 channel against DPN-like pathology of DPN model mice by using selective Kv2.1 inhibitor SP6616 (ethyl 5-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-7-methyl-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate) as a probe. METHODS STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice with DPN (STZ mice) were defined at 12 weeks of age (4 weeks after STZ injection) through behavioral tests, and db/db (BKS Cg-m+/+Leprdb/J) type 2 diabetic mice with DPN (db/db mice) were at 18 weeks of age. SP6616 was administered daily via intraperitoneal injection for 4 weeks. The mechanisms underlying the amelioration of SP6616 on DPN-like pathology were investigated by RT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry technical approaches against diabetic mice, and verified against the STZ mice with Kv2.1 knockdown in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) tissue by injection of adeno associated virus AAV9-Kv2.1-RNAi. Amelioration of SP6616 on the pathological behaviors of diabetic mice was assessed against tactile allodynia, thermal sensitivity and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV). FINDINGS SP6616 treatment effectively ameliorated the threshold of mechanical stimuli, thermal sensitivity and MNCV of diabetic mice. Mechanism research results indicated that SP6616 suppressed Kv2.1 expression, increased the number of intraepidermal nerve fibers (IENFs), improved peripheral nerve structure and vascular function in DRG tissue. In addition, SP6616 improved mitochondrial dysfunction through Kv2.1/CaMKKβ/AMPK/PGC-1α pathway, repressed inflammatory response by inhibiting Kv2.1/NF-κB signaling and alleviated apoptosis of DRG neuron through Kv2.1-mediated regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins and Caspase-3 in diabetic mice. INTERPRETATION Our work has highly supported the beneficial of Kv2.1 inhibition in ameliorating DPN-like pathology and highlighted the potential of SP6616 in the treatment of DPN. FUNDING Please see funding sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialin Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoju Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinpei Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lihong Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiaying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xu Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Antispasmodic Drug Drofenine as an Inhibitor of Kv2.1 Channel Ameliorates Peripheral Neuropathy in Diabetic Mice. iScience 2020; 23:101617. [PMID: 33089105 PMCID: PMC7559245 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common diabetic complication and has yet no efficient medication. Here, we report that antispasmodic drug drofenine (Dfe) blocks Kv2.1 and ameliorates DPN-like pathology in diabetic mice. The underlying mechanisms are investigated against the DPN mice with in vivo Kv2.1 knockdown through adeno associated virus AAV9-Kv2.1-RNAi. Streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 1 or db/db type 2 diabetic mice with DPN exhibited a high level of Kv2.1 protein in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) tissue and a suppressed neurite outgrowth in DRG neuron. Dfe promoted neurite outgrowth by inhibiting Kv2.1 channel and/or Kv2.1 mRNA and protein expression level. Moreover, it suppressed inflammation by repressing IκBα/NF-κB signaling, inhibited apoptosis by regulating Kv2.1-mediated Bcl-2 family proteins and Caspase-3 and ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction through Kv2.1/CaMKKβ/AMPK/PGC1α pathway. Our work supports that Kv2.1 inhibition is a promisingly therapeutic strategy for DPN and highlights the potential of Dfe in treating this disease. Antispasmodic drug drofenine (Dfe) ameliorates DPN-like pathology in diabetic mice Dfe inhibits Kv2.1 channel and/or Kv2.1 mRNA and protein expression level Dfe represses inflammation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction in DPN mice Kv2.1 inhibition is a therapeutic tactic and Dfe shows therapeutic potential for DPN
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12
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Wang W, Kiyoshi CM, Du Y, Taylor AT, Sheehan ER, Wu X, Zhou M. TREK-1 Null Impairs Neuronal Excitability, Synaptic Plasticity, and Cognitive Function. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:1332-1346. [PMID: 31728930 PMCID: PMC8808335 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01828-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
TREK-1, a two-pore-domain K+ channel, is highly expressed in the central nervous system. Although aberrant expression of TREK-1 is implicated in cognitive impairment, the cellular and functional mechanism underlying this channelopathy is poorly understood. Here we examined TREK-1 contribution to neuronal morphology, excitability, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive function in mice deficient in TREK-1 expression. TREK-1 immunostaining signal mainly appeared in hippocampal pyramidal neurons, but not in astrocytes. TREK-1 gene knockout (TREK-1 KO) increases dendritic sprouting and the number of immature spines in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Functionally, TREK-1 KO increases neuronal excitability and enhances excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs and IPSCs). The increased EPSCs appear to be attributed to an increased release probability of presynaptic glutamate and functional expression of postsynaptic AMPA receptors. TREK-1 KO decreased the paired-pulse ratio and severely occluded the long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region. These altered synaptic transmission and plasticity are associated with recognition memory deficit in TREK-1 KO mice. Although astrocytic expression of TREK-1 has been reported in previous studies, TREK-1 KO does not alter astrocyte membrane K+ conductance or the syncytial network function in terms of syncytial isopotentiality. Altogether, TREK-1 KO profoundly affects the cellular structure and function of hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Thus, the impaired cognitive function in diseases associated with aberrant expression of TREK-1 should be attributed to the failure of this K+ channel in regulating neuronal morphology, excitability, synaptic transmission, and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Conrad M Kiyoshi
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yixing Du
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Anne T Taylor
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Erica R Sheehan
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Villa C, Suphesiz H, Combi R, Akyuz E. Potassium channels in the neuronal homeostasis and neurodegenerative pathways underlying Alzheimer's disease: An update. Mech Ageing Dev 2019; 185:111197. [PMID: 31862274 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2019.111197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With more than 80 subunits, potassium (K+) channels represent a group of ion channels showing high degree of diversity and ubiquity. They play important role in the control of membrane depolarization and cell excitability in several tissues, including the brain. Controlling the intracellular and extracellular K+ flow in cells, they also modulate the hormone and neurotransmitter release, apoptosis and cell proliferation. It is therefore not surprising that an improper functioning of K+ channels in neurons has been associated with pathophysiology of a wide range of neurological disorders, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review aims to give a comprehensive overview of the basic properties and pathophysiological functions of the main classes of K+ channels in the context of disease processes, also discussing the progress, challenges and opportunities to develop drugs targeting these channels as potential pharmacological approach for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Villa
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
| | | | - Romina Combi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
| | - Enes Akyuz
- Yozgat Bozok University, Medical Faculty, Department of Biophysics, Yozgat, Turkey.
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Inhibiting the LPS-induced enhancement of mEPSC frequency in superficial dorsal horn neurons may serve as an electrophysiological model for alleviating pain. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16032. [PMID: 31690742 PMCID: PMC6831605 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52405-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is a major primary health care problem. Emerging studies show that inhibition of spinal microglial activation reduces pain. However, the precise mechanisms by which microglial activation contributes to nociceptive synaptic transmission remain unclear. In this study, we measured spontaneous synaptic activity of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) in rat spinal cord superficial dorsal horn (SDH, laminae I and II) neurons. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) increased the frequency, but not amplitude, of mEPSCs in SDH neurons. Microglial inhibitors minocycline and paeonol, as well as an astrocyte inhibitor, a P2Y1 receptor (P2Y1R) antagonist, and a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonist, all prevented LPS-induced enhancement of mEPSC frequency. In mouse behavioral testing, minocycline and paeonol effectively reduced acetic acid-induced writhing and LPS-induced hyperalgesia. These results indicate that LPS-activated microglia release ATP, which stimulates astrocyte P2Y1Rs to release glutamate, triggering presynaptic mGluR5 receptors and increasing presynaptic glutamate release, leading to an increase in mEPSC frequency and enhancement of nociceptive transmission in SDH neurons. We propose that these effects can serve as a new electrophysiological model for evaluating pain. Moreover, we predict that pharmacologic agents capable of inhibiting the LPS-induced enhancement of mEPSC frequency in SDH neurons will have analgesic effects.
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Paeonol: pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 72:413-421. [PMID: 31030097 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Paeonia suffruticosa possesses various medicinal benefits and has been used extensively in traditional oriental medicine for thousands of years. Paeonol is the main component isolated from the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa. The pharmacological effects of Paeonia suffruticosa are mostly attributed to paeonol. Paeonol injection has been successfully applied in China for nearly 50 years for inflammation/pain-related indications. Currently, the dosage forms of paeonol approved by China Food and Drug Administration include tablet, injection, and external preparations such as ointment and adhesive plaster. So far, the clinical applications of paeonol are mainly focusing on the anti-inflammatory activity. Studies of other pharmacological activities of paeonol are developing rapidly, and which may play an important role in the future. Besides, substantial mechanisms of pharmacological action of paeonol have been clarified in recent years. In this review, we summarize the pharmacological effects anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-tumor, anti-cardiovascular diseases and associated mechanisms of action of paeonol up to date.
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