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Luan X, Zhang X, Luan Q, Gan J, Wang Y, Zhao Y. Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Multifunctional Responsive Core-Shell Microneedles for Dermatosis Treatment. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0420. [PMID: 38966748 PMCID: PMC11223756 DOI: 10.34133/research.0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Microneedles have demonstrated value in targeted treatment of dermatosis. Current investigation aims to enhance the functions and optimize substance delivery to improve therapeutic effects. Here, we present innovative shell-core microneedles with light-pH dual responsiveness for spatiotemporal sequential release of multiple Chinese herb drugs to treat scleroderma. By using a stepwise template-assisted method, we effectively prepare a hydrogel-based core layer containing polydopamine-MXene (P-MXene) loaded with triptolide (TP), and a shell layer composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) encapsulating paeoniflorin (Pae). P-MXene can adsorb the sparingly soluble TP to ensure its encapsulation efficiency and contribute to the synergistic photothermal effect benefitting from its excellent photothermal conversion ability. Besides, PVA can rapidly dissolve upon microneedle piercing into the skin and quickly release the anti-inflammatory and detoxifying Pae, establishing a favorable low-acid subcutaneous environment. In response to pH changes and near-infrared effects, TP is sustainably released from P-MXene and delivered through the swollen pores of the hydrogel. On the basis of these characteristics, we demonstrate that these microneedles could effectively reduce profibrotic key cytokines interleukin-1β and transforming growth factor-β, thereby reducing collagen deposition and decreasing epidermal thickness, ameliorating skin fibrosis and capillary lesion in scleroderma mouse models. These findings highlight the important clinical potential of these microneedles in the treatment of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Qichen Luan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingjing Gan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute,
Southeast University, Shenzhen 518071, China
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Wang Y, Wu GR, Yue H, Zhou Q, Zhang L, He L, Gu W, Gao R, Dong L, Zhang H, Zhao J, Liu X, Xiong W, Wang CY. Kynurenine acts as a signaling molecule to attenuate pulmonary fibrosis by enhancing the AHR-PTEN axis. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00254-6. [PMID: 38906325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a fatal fibrotic lung disease without any options to halt disease progression. Feasible evidence suggests that aberrant metabolism of amino acids may play a role in the pathoetiology of PF. However, the exact impact of kynurenine (Kyn), a metabolite derived from tryptophan (Trp) on PF is yet to be addressed. OBJECTIVES This study aims to elucidate the role of kynurenine in both the onset and advancement of PF. METHODS Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was employed to assess Kyn levels in patients with idiopathic PF and PF associated with Sjögren's syndrome. Additionally, a mouse model of PF induced by bleomycin was utilized to study the impact of Kyn administration. Furthermore, cell models treated with TGF-β1 were used to explore the mechanism by which Kyn inhibits fibroblast functions. RESULTS We demonstrated that high levels of Kyn are a clinical feature in both idiopathic PF patients and primary Sjögren syndrome associated PF patients. Further studies illustrated that Kyn served as a braking molecule to suppress fibroblast functionality, thereby protecting mice from bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. The protective effects depend on AHR, in which Kyn induces AHR nuclear translocation, where it upregulates PTEN expression to blunt TGF-β mediated AKT/mTOR signaling in fibroblasts. However, in fibrotic microenviroment, the expression of AHR is repressed by methyl-CpG-binding domain 2 (MBD2), a reader interpreting the effect of DNA methylation, which results in a significantly reduced sensitivity of Kyn to fibroblasts. Therefore, exogenous administration of Kyn substantially reversed established PF. CONCLUSION Our studies not only highlighted a critical role of Trp metabolism in PF pathogenesis, but also provided compelling evidence suggesting that Kyn could serve as a promising metabolite against PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Center for Biomedical Research, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Guo-Rao Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Center for Biomedical Research, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huihui Yue
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Center for Biomedical Research, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Center for Biomedical Research, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Center for Biomedical Research, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Long He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Weikuan Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Rongfen Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lingli Dong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huilan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Center for Biomedical Research, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Center for Biomedical Research, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiansheng Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China.
| | - Weining Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Center for Biomedical Research, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Lu, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China; Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China; The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Wu J, Guo J, Xia S, Chen J, Cao M, Xie L, Yang C, Qiu F, Wang J. A Single-Cell Transcriptome Profiling of Triptolide-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400120. [PMID: 38864263 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Triptolide (TP), an active component isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF), shows great promise for treating inflammation-related diseases. However, its potential nephrotoxic effects remain concerning. The mechanism underlying TP-induced nephrotoxicity is inadequately elucidated, particularly at single-cell resolution. Hence, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of kidney tissues from control and TP-treated mice is performed to generate a thorough description of the renal cell atlas upon TP treatment. Heterogeneous responses of nephron epithelial cells are observed after TP exposure, attributing differential susceptibility of cell subtypes to excessive reactive oxygen species and increased inflammatory responses. Moreover, TP disrupts vascular function by activating endothelial cell immunity and damaging fibroblasts. Severe immune cell damage and the activation of pro-inflammatory Macro_C1 cells are also observed with TP treatment. Additionally, ligand-receptor crosstalk analysis reveals that the SPP1 (osteopontin) signaling pathway targeting Macro_C1 cells is triggered by TP treatment, which may promote the infiltration of Macro_C1 cells to exacerbate renal toxicity. Overall, this study provides comprehensive information on the transcriptomic profiles and cellular composition of TP-associated nephrotoxicity at single-cell resolution, which can strengthen the understanding of the pathogenesis of TP-induced nephrotoxicity and provide valuable clues for the discovery of new therapeutic targets to ameliorate TP-associated nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangpeng Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
- Department of Urology, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Jinan Guo
- Department of Urology, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Siyu Xia
- Department of Urology, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Jiayun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Urology, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Lulin Xie
- Department of Urology, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Chuanbin Yang
- Department of Urology, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
- Department of Urology, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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Hong X, Cai L, Li L, Zheng D, Lin J, Liang Z, Fu W, Liang D, Zeng T, Sun K, Wang W, Chen S, Ren M, Yan L. Keratinocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles delay diabetic wound healing by triggering fibroblasts autophagy. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38828847 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2024.2358020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Keratinocyte and fibroblast dysfunctions contribute to delayed healing of diabetic wounds. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) are key mediators of intercellular communication and are involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Recent findings suggest that sEV derived from high-glucose-treated keratinocyte (HaCaT-HG-sEV) can transport LINC01435 to inhibit tube formation and migration of HUVECs, thereby delaying wound healing. This study aimed to elucidate sEV-related communication mechanisms between keratinocytes and fibroblasts during diabetic wound healing. HaCaT-HG-sEV treatment and LINC01435 overexpression significantly decreased fibroblast collagen level and migration ability but significantly increased fibroblast autophagy. However, treatment with an autophagy inhibitor suppressed LINC01435 overexpression-induced decrease in collagen levels in fibroblasts. In diabetic mice, HaCaT-HG-sEV treatment decreased collagen levels and increased the expression of the autophagy-related proteins Beclin-1 and LC3 at the wound site, thereby delaying wound healing. Conclusively, LINC01435 in keratinocyte-derived sEV activates fibroblast autophagy and reduces fibroblast collagen synthesis, leading to impaired diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosi Hong
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Leiqin Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dinghao Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianghong Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoxian Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Diefei Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenshan Medical center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sifan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Meng Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Lewik G, Lewik G, Müller LS, von Glinski A, Schulte TL, Lange T. Postoperative Epidural Fibrosis: Challenges and Opportunities - A Review. Spine Surg Relat Res 2024; 8:133-142. [PMID: 38618214 PMCID: PMC11007250 DOI: 10.22603/ssrr.2023-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Postoperative epidural fibrosis (EF) is still a major limitation to the success of spine surgery. Fibrotic adhesions in the epidural space, initiated via local trauma and inflammation, can induce difficult-to-treat pain and constitute the main cause of failed back surgery syndrome, which not uncommonly requires operative revision. Manifold agents and methods have been tested for EF relief in order to mitigate this longstanding health burden and its socioeconomic consequences. Although several promising strategies could be identified, few have thus far overcome the high translational hurdle, and there has been little change in standard clinical practice. Nonetheless, notable research progress in the field has put new exciting avenues on the horizon. In this review, we outline the etiology and pathogenesis of EF, portray its clinical and surgical presentation, and critically appraise current efforts and novel approaches toward enhanced prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Lewik
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum - St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gerrit Lewik
- Department of General and Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lena S Müller
- Department of General and Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alexander von Glinski
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum - St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tobias L Schulte
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum - St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tobias Lange
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum - St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Huang J, Chen Y, Zhou L, Ren J, Tian M, Yang Q, Wang L, Wu Y, Wen J, Yang Q. M2a macrophages regulate fibrosis and affect the outcome after stroke via PU.1/mTOR pathway in fibroblasts. Neurochem Int 2024; 173:105674. [PMID: 38184171 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The moderate formation of the fibrotic scar plays an important role in functional recovery after stroke. M2a macrophages have been identified as an important source of early fibrosis after cerebral ischemia. However, the underlying mechanisms by which macrophages interact with fibroblasts in this context remain largely unknown. Therefore, our study aimed to further investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the effects of macrophages on fibroblasts following ischemic stroke. In vitro and in vivo, recombinant rat interleukin 4 (IL4) was used to induce macrophages to polarize into M2a macrophages. In vitro, primary Sprague-Dawley newborn rat meningeal-derived fibroblasts were treated with PU.1 knockdown, the PU.1 inhibitor DB1976 or the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, which were then co-cultured with M2a macrophage conditioned medium (MCM). In vivo, Sprague-Dawley adult rats were infected with negative control adenoviruses or PU.1-shRNA adenoviruses. Ten days after infection, an injury model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) was constructed. Subsequently, IL4 was injected intracerebroventricularly to induce M2a macrophages polarization. In vitro, M2a MCM upregulated PU.1 expression and promoted the differentiation, proliferation, migration and extracellular matrix generation of fibroblasts, which could be reversed by treatment with the PU.1 inhibitor DB1976 or PU.1 knockdown. In vivo, PU.1 expression in fibroblasts was increased within ischemic core following MCAO/R, and this upregulation was further enhanced by exposure to IL4. Treatment with IL4 promoted fibrosis, increased angiogenesis, reduced apoptosis and infarct volume, as well as mitigated neurological deficits after MCAO/R, and these effects could be reversed by PU.1 knockdown. Furthermore, both in vivo and in vitro studies showed that IL4 treatment increased the levels of phosphorylated Akt and mTOR proteins, which were markedly decreased by PU.1 knockdown. Additionally, the use of an mTOR inhibitor rapamycin obviously suppressed the migration and differentiation of fibroblasts, and Col1 synthesis. In conclusion, our findings suggest for the first time that M2a macrophages, at least in part, regulate fibrosis and affect the outcome after cerebral ischemic stroke via the PU.1/mTOR signaling pathway in fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiagui Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangxia Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingfen Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinghuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youlin Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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7
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Shen Y, Li X, Wang H, Wang Y, Tao L, Wang P, Zhang H. Bisphenol A induced neuronal apoptosis and enhanced autophagy in vitro through Nrf2/HO-1 and Akt/mTOR pathways. Toxicology 2023; 500:153678. [PMID: 38006930 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) was traditionally used in epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics, but it was found to be harmful to human health due to its endocrine-disrupting effects. It can affect various biological functions of human beings and interfere with brain development. However, the neurotoxic mechanisms of BPA on brain development and associated neurodegeneration remain poorly understood. Here, we reported that BPA (100, 250, 500 μM) inhibited cell viability of neural cells PC12, SH-SY5Y and caused dose-dependent cell death. In addition, BPA exposure increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) levels, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced the expression of cytochrome c oxidase IV (COX4), downregulated Bcl-2, and initiated apoptosis. Moreover, BPA treatment resulted in the accumulation of intracellular acidic vacuoles and increased the autophagy marker LC3 II to LC3 I ratio. Furthermore, BPA exposure inhibited Nrf2/ HO-1 and AKT/mTOR pathways and mediated cellular oxidative stress, apoptosis, and excessive autophagy, leading to neuronal degeneration. The interactions between oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis during BPA-induced neurotoxicity remain unclear and require further in vivo confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shen
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinying Li
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yicheng Wang
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liqing Tao
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China; School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China; School of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhang Q, Wang M, Deng X, Zhao D, Zhao F, Xiao J, Ma J, Pan X. Shikonin promotes hypertrophic scar repair by autophagy of hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 38:e384623. [PMID: 37878984 PMCID: PMC10592587 DOI: 10.1590/acb384623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the Shikonin (SHI) induce autophagy of hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts (HSFs) and the mechanism of which in repairing hypertrophic scar. METHODS This study showed that SHI induced autophagy from HSFs and repaired skin scars through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Alamar Blue and Sirius red were used to identify cell activity and collagen. Electron microscopy, label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, fluorescence and other methods were used to identify autophagy. The differences in the expression of autophagy and AMPK/mTOR pathway-related proteins after SHI treatment were quantitatively analyzed by Western blots. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect the expression of LC3, AMPK and ULK after adding chloroquine (CQ) autophagy inhibitor. RESULTS After treatment with SHI for 24 hours, it was found that the viability of HSFs was significantly reduced, the protein expression of LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin1 increased, while the protein expression of P62 decreased. The expression of phosphorylated AMPK increased and expression of phosphorylated mTOR decreased. After the use of CQ, the cell autophagy caused by SHI was blocked. The key genes LC3 and P62 were then reexamined by immunohistochemistry using a porcine full-thickness burn hypertrophic scar model, and the results verified that SHI could induce autophagy in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that SHI promoted autophagy of HSFs cells, and the potential mechanism may be related to the AMPK/mTOR signal pathway, which provided new insights for the treatment of hypertrophic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Ningxia Medical University General Hospital - Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre - c (Ningxia) - China
- Ningxia Medical University - Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education - School of Basic Medicine - Yinchuan (Ningxia) - China
| | - Maomao Wang
- Ningxia Medical University - Clinical Medical School - Yinchuan (Ningxia) - China
| | - Xingwang Deng
- The First People's Hospital - Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery - Shizuishan - China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Ningxia Medical University General Hospital - Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre - c (Ningxia) - China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Ningxia Medical University General Hospital - Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre - c (Ningxia) - China
| | - Jinli Xiao
- Ningxia Medical University - Clinical Medical School - Yinchuan (Ningxia) - China
| | - Jiaxiang Ma
- Ningxia Medical University General Hospital - Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre - c (Ningxia) - China
| | - Xiaoliang Pan
- Ningxia Medical University General Hospital - Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre - c (Ningxia) - China
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9
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Ganesh V, Kancherla Y, Igram CM, Pugely AJ, Salem AK, Shin K, Lim TH, Seol D. Pharmacotherapies to prevent epidural fibrosis after laminectomy: a systematic review of in vitro and in vivo animal models. Spine J 2023; 23:1471-1484. [PMID: 37187251 PMCID: PMC10538436 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Excessive production of epidural fibrosis in the nerve root can be a pain source after laminectomy. Pharmacotherapy is a minimally invasive treatment option to attenuate epidural fibrosis by suppressing proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, inflammation, and angiogenesis, and inducing apoptosis. PURPOSE We reviewed and tabulated pharmaceuticals with their respective signaling axes implicated in reducing epidural fibrosis. Additionally, we summarized current literature for the feasibility of novel biologics and microRNA to lessen epidural fibrosis. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING Systematic Review. METHODS According to the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed the literature in October 2022. The exclusion criteria included duplicates, nonrelevant articles, and insufficient detail of drug mechanism. RESULTS We obtained a total of 2,499 articles from PubMed and Embase databases. After screening the articles, 74 articles were finally selected for the systematic review and classified based on the functions of drugs and microRNAs which included inhibition of fibroblast proliferation and activation, pro-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, and antiangiogenesis. In addition, we summarized various pathways to prevent epidural fibrosis. CONCLUSION This study allows a comprehensive review of pharmacotherapies to prevent epidural fibrosis during laminectomy. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE We expect that our review would enable researchers and clinicians to better understand the mechanism of anti-fibrosis drugs for the clinical application of epidural fibrosis therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkateswaran Ganesh
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Roy J Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Yochana Kancherla
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA
| | - Cassim M Igram
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Andrew J Pugely
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kyungsup Shin
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Tae-Hong Lim
- Roy J Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Dongrim Seol
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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10
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Wang Y, Li X, Zhou X, Wang T, Liu Y, Feng J, Qin X, Zhang Z, Li Y, He X. Regulation of proliferation and apoptosis of aging periodontal ligament cells by autophagy-related gene 7. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:6361-6372. [PMID: 37318663 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08473-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) can be applied in periodontal regeneration engineering to repair the tissue defects related to periodontitis. Theoretically, it can affect the vitality of hPDLCs that cell aging increases apoptosis and decreases autophagy. Autophagy is a highly conserved degradation mechanism, which degrades the aging and damaged intracellular organelles through autophagy lysosomes to maintain normal intracellular homeostasis. Meanwhile, autophagy-related gene 7 (ATG7) is a key gene that regulates the level of cellular autophagy. OBJECTIVE This study was to explore the effects of autophagic regulation of aging hPDLCs on cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. METHODS A cell model of aging hPDLCs overexpressing and silencing ATG7 were respectively constructed by lentiviral vectors in vitro. A series of experiments was performed to confirm relevant senescence phenotype on aging hPDLCs, and to detect the effects of changes in autophagy on their proliferation and apoptosis-related factors in aging hPDLCs. RESULTS The results showed that overexpression of ATG7 could motivate autophagy, promoting proliferation of aging hPDLCs and inhibiting apoptosis synchronously (P < 0.05). On the contrary, suppressing autophagy levels by silencing ATG7 would inhibit cell proliferation and accelerate cell senescence (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION ATG7 regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of aging hPDLCs. Hence, autophagy may act as a target to delay senescence of hPDLCs, which can be helpful in the future in-depth study on regeneration and functionalization of periodontal supporting tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiheng Wang
- School of Dentistry, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang Xi Lu, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Li
- School of Dentistry, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang Xi Lu, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiongtao Zhou
- School of Dentistry, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang Xi Lu, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Dentistry, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang Xi Lu, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Dentistry, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang Xi Lu, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jianbao Feng
- School of Dentistry, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang Xi Lu, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Qin
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Zhidong Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, R.P. China
| | - Yanmin Li
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, R.P. China.
| | - Xiangyi He
- School of Dentistry, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang Xi Lu, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Functional Genomic and Molecular Diagnosis of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China.
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Karagedik MI, Yuksel U, Kartal B, Ceylan AF, Ogden M, Bakar B. Evaluation of the effectiveness of oxytocin and enalapril in the prevention of epidural fibrosis developed after laminectomy in rats. Injury 2023:110793. [PMID: 37211471 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2023.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Except for methylprednisolone, there is no current low-cost and low-side-effect drug/barrier method to prevent epidural fibrosis after spine surgery. However, the use of methylprednisolone has led to substantial controversy because of its serious side effects on wound healing. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of enalapril and oxytocin on preventing the development of epidural fibrosis in a rat laminectomy model. MATERIALS Under sedation anesthesia, T9, T10, and T11 laminectomy was performed on 24 Wistar Albino male rats. The animals were then separated into four groups; Sham group (only laminectomy was performed; n = 6), MP group (laminectomy was performed and 10 mg/kg/day methylprednisolone was administered intraperitoneally (ip) for 14 days; n = 6), ELP group (laminectomy was performed and 0.75 mg/kg/day enalapril was administered ip for 14 days; n = 6), OXT group (laminectomy was performed and 160 µg/kg/day oxytocin was administered ip for 14 days; n = 6). Four weeks after the laminectomy, all the rats were euthanised, and the spines were removed for histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical examinations. RESULTS Histopathological examinations revealed that the degree of epidural fibrosis (X2=14.316, p = 0.003), collagen density (X2=16.050, p = 0.001), and fibroblast density (X2=17.500, p = 0.001) was higher in the Sham group and lower in the MP, ELP, and OXT groups. Immunohistochemical examinations showed that collagen type 1 immunoreactivity was higher in the Sham group and lower in the MP, ELP, and OXT groups (F = 54.950, p < 0.001). The highest level of α-smooth muscle actin immunoreactivity was seen in the Sham and OXT groups, and the lowest was in the MP and ELP groups (F = 33.357, p < 0.001). Biochemical analysis revealed that tissue levels of TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-6, CTGF, caspase-3, p-AMPK, pmTOR, and mTOR/pmTOR were higher in the Sham group and lower in MP, ELP, and OXT groups (p < 0.05). The GSH/GSSG levels were lower in the Sham group and higher in the other three groups (X2=21.600, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The study results showed that enalapril and oxytocin, which are known to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and autophagy-related regenerative properties, could reduce the development of epidural fibrosis after laminectomy in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulas Yuksel
- Kirikkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Bahar Kartal
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embriology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asli Fahriye Ceylan
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ogden
- Kirikkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Bulent Bakar
- Kirikkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Kirikkale, Turkey.
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12
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Li L, Wang C, Qiu Z, Deng D, Chen X, Wang Q, Meng Y, Zhang B, Zheng G, Hu J. Triptolide inhibits intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma growth by suppressing glycolysis via the AKT/mTOR pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154575. [PMID: 36610163 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High levels of glycolysis supply large quantities of energy and biological macromolecular raw materials for cell proliferation. Triptolide (TP) is a kind of epoxy diterpene lactone extracted from the roots, flowers, leaves, or grains of the Celastraceae plant, Tripterygium wilfordii. TP has multiple biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, immunologic suppression, and anti-cancer effects. Nevertheless, it is little known regarding its anti-intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) growth, and the mechanism still require exploration. PURPOSE This research explored the effect of TP on ICC growth and investigated whether TP inhibits glycolysis via the AKT/mTOR pathway. METHODS Cell proliferation was analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), clonogenic assay, and flow cytometry. The underlying molecular mechanism was identified by determining glucose consumption, ATP production, lactate production, hexokinase (HK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) activity, and Western blot analysis. A rapid ICC model of AKT/YapS127A oncogene coactivation in mice was used to clarify the effect of TP treatment on tumor growth and glycolysis. RESULTS The results showed that TP treatment significantly inhibited ICC cell proliferation and glycolysis in a dose- and time-dependent manner(P < 0.05). Further analysis suggested that TP suppressed ICC cell glycolysis by targeting AKT/mTOR signaling. Additionally, we found that TP inhibits tumor growth and glycolysis in AKT/YapS127A mice(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Taken together, we revealed that TP suppressed ICC growth by suppressing glycolysis via the AKT/mTOR pathway and may provide a potential therapeutic target for ICC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Chuting Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zhenpeng Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Dongjie Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yan Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Baohui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Guohua Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
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Li J, Li K, Tian Y, Zhao P, Liu X, Li M, Bai Y. Effective-compounds of Jinshui Huanxian formula ameliorates fibroblast activation in pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the activation of mTOR signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154604. [PMID: 36610143 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jinshui Huanxian formula (JHF) ameliorates idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients. Active compounds, including icariin, isoliquiritigenin, nobiletin, peimine, and paeoniflorin, deriving from JHF were combined as effective-component compatibility ECC of JHF II (ECC-JHF II), which is an effective therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis (PF) induced by bleomycin (BLM) in rats. PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of ECC-JHF II on pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS A model of PF in rats was established through intratracheal instillation of BLM. Pulmonary function, pathological changes, and collagen deposition were examined. The gene and protein expressions in fibroblast activation were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting respectively. RESULTS ECC-JHF II significantly improved BLM-induced PF in rats, manifested as decreased collagen deposition, reduced pathological damage and improved pulmonary function. Furthermore, ECC-JHF II inhibited fibroblast activation by reducing the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin. We analyzed the targets of ECC-JHF II and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of fibroblast activation induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and found that ECC-JHF II might regulate fibroblast activation by EGFR, PI3K-Akt or mTOR signaling pathway. In vitro experiments, we also found that ECC-JHF II suppressed the mTOR pathway, such as downregulating the phosphorylation levels of p70S6K in fibroblast activation induced by TGF-β1. After activating mTOR signaling, the inhibition of ECC-JHF II on fibroblast activation was blocked. These results suggested that ECC-JHF II potently ameliorated pulmonary fibrosis in rats and effectively suppressed fibroblast activation by interfering with mTOR signaling. CONCLUSION We combined transcriptomics with the network analysis to predict the mechanism underlying ECC-JHF II suppression of fibroblast activation. In summary, ECC-JHF II improved BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which might be associated with the suppression of fibroblast activation by inhibiting the mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases co-constructed by Henan province & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; Department of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Kangchen Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases co-constructed by Henan province & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Yange Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases co-constructed by Henan province & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases co-constructed by Henan province & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xuefang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases co-constructed by Henan province & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Minyan Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases co-constructed by Henan province & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Yunping Bai
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases co-constructed by Henan province & Education Ministry of P.R. China, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Zhu W, Li Y, Zhao J, Wang Y, Li Y, Wang Y. The mechanism of triptolide in the treatment of connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Ann Med 2022; 54:541-552. [PMID: 35132912 PMCID: PMC8843192 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2034931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, which is one of the key systematic manifestations of connective tissue disease (CTD). Tripterygium wilfordii, known as Leigongteng in Chinese, has been applied to treat connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) for many years. Triptolide is a key effective component from Tripterygium wilfordii. But the molecular mechanism of Triptolide for treating CTD-ILD is not yet clear. METHODS Gaining insight into the molecular mechanism of Triptolide intervention CTD-ILD, we used the method of network pharmacology. And then we conducted drug-target networks to analyse the potential protein targets between Triptolide and CTD-ILD. Finally, AutoDock Vina was selected for molecular docking. RESULTS By analysing the interaction genes between Triptolide and CTD-ILD, 242 genes were obtained. The top 10 targets of the highest enrichment scores were STAT3, AKT1, MAPK1, IL6, TP53, MAPK3, RELA, TNF, JUN, JAK2. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis exhibited that multiple signalling pathways were involved. PI3K-Akt, multiple virus infections, cancer signalling, chemokine, and apoptosis signalling pathway are the main pathways for Triptolide intervention CTD-ILD. And it is related to various biological processes such as inflammation, infection, cell apoptosis, and cancer. Molecular docking shows Triptolide can bind with its target protein in a good bond by intermolecular force. CONCLUSIONS This study preliminarily reveals the internal molecular mechanism of Triptolide interfere with CTD-ILD through multiple targets, multiple access, validated through molecular docking.KEY MESSAGESTriptolide intervention CTD-ILD, which are related to various biological processes such as inflammation, infection, cell apoptosis, and cancer.PI3K-Akt, multiple virus infections, and apoptosis signalling pathway are the main pathways for Triptolide intervention CTD-ILD.Triptolide can bind with related target protein in a good bond by Intermolecular force, exhibiting a good docking activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yehui Li
- Department of Pneumology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yixi Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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15
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[Research Progress on the Pathogenesis of Lung Cancer Associated with
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2022; 25:811-818. [PMID: 36419395 PMCID: PMC9720683 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2022.101.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common interstitial lung disease (ILD) of unknown causes, which is characterized by pulmonary fibrosis. The median survival period after diagnosis is about 2-4 years. In recent years, the incidence rate of lung cancer associated with IPF (IPF-LC) is increasing, and the prognosis is worse than that of IPF alone. Pulmonary fibrosis may be closely associated with the occurrence and development of lung cancer. Although the pathogenesis of IPF-LC is still unclear, the current research shows that there are similarities between the pathogenesis of these two diseases at molecular and cellular levels. At present, the research on the cellular and molecular mechanism of lung cancer related to pulmonary fibrosis has become the focus of researchers' attention. This article reviews the related literature, focusing on the latest status of the cellular and molecular mechanisms and treatment of IPF-LC, hoping to help clinicians understand IPF-LC.
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16
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Gu Y, Zhu H, Wang X, Zhang S, Tong P, Lv S. Exploring the mechanism of Buyang Huanwu decoction in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29534. [PMID: 35960059 PMCID: PMC9371581 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHWD), as one of the traditional Chinese medicine formulas, is widely used in the clinical treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with curative effect. It has the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target, and mutual synergy, but the mechanism of action is often unclear. It needs some research to explore the molecular mechanism of BYHWD in the treatment of LDH based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Screen the active compounds of BYHWD and predict drug-related gene/protein targets, which could determine the specific target of BYHWD in the treatment of LDH. Construct the "Drugs-Compounds-Targets" network and search for the core targets. Use Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis, and molecular docking verification to explore the possible molecular mechanism. Eighty-two effective compounds and 666 targets of BYHWD, 187 targets for LDH treatment, and 20 core candidate targets were excavated. A total of 3414 entries were identified by Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, 173 related signal pathways were identified by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, and 5 core compounds were identified by molecular docking, which had a good affinity with core genes STAT3, JUN, AKT1, MAPK1, RELA, and PIK3CA. BYHWD may play the role of analgesic and improving function by synergistic anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds, regulating cell metabolic differentiation, regulating immunity, and anticoagulation. BYHWD in the treatment of LDH may play a role in analgesia and improve function through multiple signaling pathways, including PI3K-Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinase, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-17. The PI3K-Akt signaling may be one of the key mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Gu
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Haijia Zhu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanxing Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peijian Tong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuaijie Lv
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shuaijie Lv, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou
310003, China (e-mail: )
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Zhao L, Lan Z, Peng L, Wan L, Liu D, Tan X, Tang C, Chen G, Liu H. Triptolide promotes autophagy to inhibit mesangial cell proliferation in IgA nephropathy via the CARD9/p38 MAPK pathway. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13278. [PMID: 35733381 PMCID: PMC9436901 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesangial cell proliferation is the most basic pathological feature of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN); however, the specific underlying mechanism and an appropriate therapeutic strategy are yet to be unearthed. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of triptolide (TP) on IgAN and the mechanism by which TP regulates autophagy and proliferation of mesangial cells through the CARD9/p38 MAPK pathway. Methods We established a TP‐treated IgAN mouse model and produced IgA1‐induced human mesangial cells (HMC) and divided them into control, TP, IgAN, and IgAN+TP groups. The levels of mesangial cell proliferation (PCNA, cyclin D1, cell viability, and cell cycle) and autophagy (P62, LC3 II, and autophagy flux rate) were measured, with the autophagy inhibitor 3‐Methyladenine used to explore the relationship between autophagy and proliferation. We observed CARD9 expression in renal biopsies from patients and analyzed its clinical significance. CARD9 siRNA and overexpression plasmids were constructed to investigate the changes in mesangial cell proliferation and autophagy as well as the expression of CARD9 and p‐p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK following TP treatment. Results Administering TP was safe and effectively alleviated mesangial cell proliferation in IgAN mice. Moreover, TP inhibited IgA1‐induced HMC proliferation by promoting autophagy. The high expression of CARD9 in IgAN patients was positively correlated with the severity of HMC proliferation. CARD9/p38 MAPK was involved in the regulation of HMC autophagy and proliferation, and TP promoted autophagy to inhibit HMC proliferation by downregulating the CARD9/p38 MAPK pathway in IgAN. Conclusion TP promotes autophagy to inhibit mesangial cell proliferation in IgAN via the CARD9/p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhixin Lan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lili Wan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Tan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guochun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Zheng Y, Zhang D, Su L, Wen Y, Wang Y. FAM172A supervises ER (endoplasmic reticulum) stress-triggered autophagy in the epidural fibrosis process. JOR Spine 2022; 5:e1203. [PMID: 35783909 PMCID: PMC9238286 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Lumbar laminectomy is usually utilized for lumbar disc herniation (LDH), but also causes epidural fibrosis (EF) process associated with abnormal proliferation of fibroblasts. FAM172A is associated with ER stress and cell proliferation, but its mechanism was unclear, especially in the process of EF. Methods Therefore, the regulation of FAM172A on the calcium flux and autophagy in fibroblasts were investigated by inducing ER stress with tunicamycin and upexpression or downexpression of FAM172A. The calcium flux was determined using Fluo-3, and autophagy was examined with immunofluorescence or western blot for LC3, Beclin-1, ATG-5, and p62. Moreover, the apoptotic protein of Bax and Bcl-2 was detected, too. Furthermore, the laminectomy model was constructed and then dealt with overexpression of FAM172A. Results Tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy process in fibroblasts were associated with the calcium flux regulated by FAM172A, especially in EF cells. Besides, tunicamycin induced autophagy and suppressed cell apoptosis of fibroblasts. Furthermore, FAM72A repressed the proliferation of fibroblasts and the process of EF in the laminectomy model through the mediation of the autophagy process. Conclusions Tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in fibroblasts was associated with calcium flux mediated by FAM172A. FAM72A participated in the autophagy regulation of fibroblasts and maybe the key interaction regulator of apoptosis and autophagy in fibroblasts, especially for epidural scar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Dianzhong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Le Su
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The Fourth People's Hospital of Zibo Zibo China
| | - Yanhua Wen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yucai Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China
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Zhao Y, Guo C, Zeng L, Li J, Liu X, Wang Y, Zhao K, Chen B. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Fibrosis by Enhancing Autophagy via Inhibiting Galectin-3/Akt/mTOR Pathway and by Alleviating the EMT via Inhibiting Galectin-3/Akt/GSK3β/Snail Pathway in NRK-52E Fibrosis. Int J Stem Cells 2022; 16:52-65. [PMID: 35483714 PMCID: PMC9978829 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc22014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Epithelial-Mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the origins of myofibroblasts in renal interstitial fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) alleviating EMT has been proved, but the concrete mechanism is unclear. To explore the mechanism, serum-free MSCs conditioned medium (SF-MSCs-CM) was used to treat rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) fibrosis induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) which ameliorated EMT. Methods and Results Galectin-3 knockdown (Gal-3 KD) and overexpression (Gal-3 OE) lentiviral vectors were established and transfected into NRK-52E. NRK-52E fibrosis model was induced by TGF-β1 and treated with the SF-MSCs-CM for 24 h after modelling. Fibrosis and autophagy related indexes were detected by western blot and immunocytochemistry. In model group, the expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin (FN), Galectin-3, Snail, Kim-1, and the ratios of P-Akt/Akt, P-GSK3β/GSK3β, P-PI3K/PI3K, P-mTOR/mTOR, TIMP1/MMP9, and LC3B-II/I were obviously increased, and E-Cadherin (E-cad) and P62 decreased significantly compared with control group. SF-MSCs-CM showed an opposite trend after treatment compared with model group. Whether in Gal-3 KD or Gal-3 OE NRK-52E cells, SF-MSCs-CM also showed similar trends. However, the effects of anti-fibrosis and enhanced autophagy in Gal-3 KD cells were more obvious than those in Gal-3 OE cells. Conclusions SF-MSCs-CM probably alleviated the EMT via inhibiting Galectin-3/Akt/GSK3β/Snail pathway. Meanwhile, Gal-3 KD possibly enhanced autophagy via inhibiting Galectin-3/Akt/mTOR pathway, which synergistically ameliorated renal fibrosis. Targeting galectin-3 may be a potential target for the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Guo
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lianlin Zeng
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jialing Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,Correspondence to Bo Chen, Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, No.1, Section 1, Lingxiang Road, Matan Long District, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China, Tel: +86-08303160545, E-mail: ,
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20
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Forte E, Ramialison M, Nim HT, Mara M, Li JY, Cohn R, Daigle SL, Boyd S, Stanley EG, Elefanty AG, Hinson JT, Costa MW, Rosenthal NA, Furtado MB. Adult mouse fibroblasts retain organ-specific transcriptomic identity. eLife 2022; 11:71008. [PMID: 35293863 PMCID: PMC8959603 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ fibroblasts are essential components of homeostatic and diseased tissues. They participate in sculpting the extracellular matrix, sensing the microenvironment, and communicating with other resident cells. Recent studies have revealed transcriptomic heterogeneity among fibroblasts within and between organs. To dissect the basis of interorgan heterogeneity, we compare the gene expression of murine fibroblasts from different tissues (tail, skin, lung, liver, heart, kidney, and gonads) and show that they display distinct positional and organ-specific transcriptome signatures that reflect their embryonic origins. We demonstrate that expression of genes typically attributed to the surrounding parenchyma by fibroblasts is established in embryonic development and largely maintained in culture, bioengineered tissues and ectopic transplants. Targeted knockdown of key organ-specific transcription factors affects fibroblast functions, in particular genes involved in the modulation of fibrosis and inflammation. In conclusion, our data reveal that adult fibroblasts maintain an embryonic gene expression signature inherited from their organ of origin, thereby increasing our understanding of adult fibroblast heterogeneity. The knowledge of this tissue-specific gene signature may assist in targeting fibrotic diseases in a more precise, organ-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirana Ramialison
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Hieu T Nim
- Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | | | - Jacky Y Li
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Rachel Cohn
- Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, United States
| | | | - Sarah Boyd
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
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Pang L, Liu Z, Zhou K, Chen P, Pan E, Che Y, Qi X. ACE2 Rescues Impaired Autophagic Flux Through the PI3K/AKT Pathway After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:601-612. [PMID: 34708340 PMCID: PMC8549811 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03469-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is one of the life-threatening neurosurgical diseases in central nervous system. Autophagy has been previously demonstrated to exert vital roles in SAH development. Angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been revealed as a regulator of autophagy in neurosurgical diseases. However, effect of ACE2 on autophagy in SAH progression has not been clarified. First, we explored the relationship between autophagy and SAH progression by establishing a mouse model of SAH under the administration of 3-MA (the autophagy inhibitor). Next, we examined ACE2 expression in the cerebral cortex of SAH mice ex vivo with RT-qPCR. Subsequently, we assessed the biological function of ACE2 on brain injury, the autophagic flux pathway and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling ex vivo via neurological scoring, TUNEL assay, western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining assay. Finally, we carried out rescue assays under chloroquine (CQ, the autophagic flux inhibitor) and LY294002 (the PI3K/AKT signaling inhibitor) administration. 3-MA mitigated brain injury after SAH, and ACE2 was downregulated in cerebral cortex of SAH mice. Moreover, ACE2 elevation alleviated cell apoptosis, cerebral edema, and neurological deficits, ameliorated the autophagic flux pathway and activated the PI3K/AKT signaling in SAH mice. Furthermore, CQ and LY294002 neutralized the effects of overexpressed ACE2 on neuronal apoptosis, cerebral edema, and neurological deficits in SAH mice. Overall, ACE2 lessened neuronal injury via the autophagic flux and PI3K/AKT pathways. This research might provide a potential novel direction for clinical treatment of SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujun Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, 214500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, 214500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, 214500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, 214500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Enyu Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, 214500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanjun Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, 214500, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, 214500, Jiangsu, China.
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22
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Zhu TT, Zhu CN, Huang N, Yu X, Wan GR, Wang SX, Song P, Xu J, Li P, Yin YL. Tert-Butylhydroquinone alleviates insulin resistance and liver steatosis in diabetes. Indian J Pharmacol 2022; 54:118-125. [PMID: 35546463 PMCID: PMC9249147 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_440_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This work aimed to determine tert-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ)'s effects on insulin resistance (IR) and liver steatosis in diabetic animals and to explore the underpinning mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male ApoE-/-mice underwent streptozocin (STZ) administration while receiving a sucrose/fat-rich diet for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) establishment. This was followed by a 6-week TBHQ administration. Body weight, fasting (FBG) and postprandial (PBG) blood glucose amounts, and insulin concentrations were measured, and the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out. Hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining and immunoblot were carried out for assessing histology and protein amounts in the liver tissue samples. In addition, cultured HepG2 cells were administered HClO and insulin for IR induction, and immunoblot was carried out for protein evaluation. Finally, the cells were stained with the Hoechst dye for apoptosis evaluation. RESULTS: The model animals showed T2DM signs, and TBHQ decreased FBG, ameliorated glucose tolerance and reduced liver steatosis in these animals. In addition, TBHQ markedly upregulated AMPKα2, GLUT4 and GSK3 β, as well as phosphorylated PI3K and AKT in the liver of mice with T2DM. In agreement, TBHQ decreased HClO-and insulin-related IR in cells and suppressed apoptosis through AMPKα2/PI3K/AKT signaling. CONCLUSIONS: TBHQ alleviates IR and liver steatosis in a mouse model of T2DM likely through AMPKα2/PI3K/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chao-Nan Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development; Department of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guang-Rui Wan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shuang-Xi Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ping Song
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ya-Ling Yin
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
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Liu Y, Wang R, Han H, Li L. Tubastatin A suppresses the proliferation of fibroblasts in epidural fibrosis through phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signalling pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:rgab106. [PMID: 35230444 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was designed to explore the effect of tubastatin A (Tub A) on epidural fibrosis and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)-overexpressed fibroblasts were constructed, and the effect of Tub A on the proliferation of activated fibroblasts was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) and cell cycle assay. Besides, 20 Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to animal laminectomy model construction and then randomly treated with 4% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (diluted in 0.9% saline) or Tub A (10 mg/kg/day), separately. The expression of HDAC6 and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway-related proteins was measured in epidural fibrosis tissues. KEY FINDINGS HDAC6 was overexpressed in activated fibroblasts and epidural scar tissues of rat models. Cell proliferation was remarkably elevated in HDAC6-overexpressed fibroblasts, which was reflected by cell viability, EdU and flow cytometry-based cell cycle assay, and paralleled with the increased expression of phosphorylated PI3K, AKT and mTOR, which was remarkably reversed following Tub A treatment. 740Y-P activator addition significantly reversed the declined fibroblast proliferation induced by Tub A. The expressions of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins were also reduced in epidural tissues in rat models with Tub A treatment. CONCLUSION Tub A could prevent epidural fibrosis formation by inhibiting fibroblast proliferation through mediating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Ruihong Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Huimin Han
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
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24
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Ren H, Zhao F, Zhang Q, Huang X, Wang Z. Autophagy and skin wound healing. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac003. [PMID: 35187180 PMCID: PMC8847901 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent, self-renewal mechanism that can degrade and recycle cellular components in eukaryotic cells to maintain the stability of the intracellular environment and the cells ability to cope with unfavorable environments. Numerous studies suggest that autophagy participates in regulating various cellular functions and is closely associated with the onset and progression of various diseases. Wound healing is a complex, multistep biological process that involves multiple cell types. Refractory wounds, which include diabetic skin ulcers, can seriously endanger human health. Previous studies have confirmed that autophagy plays an essential role in various phases of wound healing. Specifically, in the inflammatory phase, autophagy has an anti-infection effect and it negatively regulates the inflammatory response, which prevents excessive inflammation from causing tissue damage. In the proliferative phase, local hypoxia in the wound can induce autophagy, which plays a role in anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative stress and promotes cell survival. Autophagy of vascular endothelial cells promotes wound angiogenesis and that of keratinocytes promotes their differentiation, proliferation and migration, which is conducive to the completion of wound re-epithelialisation. In the remodeling phase, autophagy of fibroblasts affects the formation of hypertrophic scars. Additionally, a refractory diabetic wound may be associated with increased levels of autophagy, and the regulation of mesenchymal stem cell autophagy may improve its application to wound healing. Therefore, understanding the relationship between autophagy and skin wound healing and exploring the molecular mechanism of autophagy regulation may provide novel strategies for the clinical treatment of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Ren
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110013, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110004, Liaoning Province, China
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25
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Ding Y, Chen Q. mTOR pathway: A potential therapeutic target for spinal cord injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112430. [PMID: 34800780 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is the most common disabling spinal injury, and the complex pathological process can eventually lead to severe neurological dysfunction. Many studies have reported that the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway plays an important role in synaptogenesis, neuron growth, differentiation, and survival after central nervous system injury. It is also involved in various traumatic and central nervous system diseases, including traumatic brain injury, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cerebral apoplexy. mTOR has also been reported to play an important regulatory role in various pathophysiological processes following SCI. Activation of mTOR signals after SCI can regulate physiological and pathological processes, such as proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, regeneration of nerve axons, neuroinflammation, and glial scar formation, through various pathways. Inhibition of mTOR activity has been confirmed to promote repair in SCI. At present, many studies have reported that Chinese herbal medicine can inhibit the SCI-activated mTOR pathway to improve the microenvironment and promote nerve repair after SCI. Due to the role of the mTOR pathway in SCI, it may be a potential therapeutic target for SCI. This review is focused on the pathophysiological process of SCI, characteristics of the mTOR pathway, role of the mTOR pathway in SCI, role of inhibition of mTOR on SCI, and role and significance of inhibition of mTOR by related Chinese herbal medicine inhibitors in SCI. In addition, the review discusses the deficiencies and solutions to mTOR and SCI research shortcomings. This study hopes to provide reference for mTOR and SCI research and a theoretical basis for SCI biotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou 342800, PR China; The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou 342800, PR China.
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou 342800, PR China; The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou 342800, PR China.
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Kapetanaki S, Kumawat AK, Persson K, Demirel I. The Fibrotic Effects of TMAO on Human Renal Fibroblasts Is Mediated by NLRP3, Caspase-1 and the PERK/Akt/mTOR Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111864. [PMID: 34769294 PMCID: PMC8584593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a product of gut microbiota metabolism, has previously been shown to be implicated in chronic kidney disease. A high TMAO-containing diet has been found to cause tubulointerstitial renal fibrosis in mice. However, today there are no data linking specific molecular pathways with the effect of TMAO on human renal fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the fibrotic effects of TMAO on renal fibroblasts and to elucidate the molecular pathways involved. We found that TMAO promoted renal fibroblast activation and fibroblast proliferation via the PERK/Akt/mTOR pathway, NLRP3, and caspase-1 signaling. We also found that TMAO increased the total collagen production from renal fibroblasts via the PERK/Akt/mTOR pathway. However, TMAO did not induce fibronectin or TGF-β1 release from renal fibroblasts. We have unraveled that the PERK/Akt/mTOR pathway, NLRP3, and caspase-1 mediates TMAO’s fibrotic effect on human renal fibroblasts. Our results can pave the way for future research to further clarify the molecular mechanism behind TMAO’s effects and to identify novel therapeutic targets in the context of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Kapetanaki
- School of Medical Sciences, Campus USÖ, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden; (A.K.K.); (K.P.); (I.D.)
- Nephrology Department, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Solna, Sweden
- Nephrology Department, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-1930-3000
| | - Ashok Kumar Kumawat
- School of Medical Sciences, Campus USÖ, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden; (A.K.K.); (K.P.); (I.D.)
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Katarina Persson
- School of Medical Sciences, Campus USÖ, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden; (A.K.K.); (K.P.); (I.D.)
- iRiSC—Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Isak Demirel
- School of Medical Sciences, Campus USÖ, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden; (A.K.K.); (K.P.); (I.D.)
- iRiSC—Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden
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Liu Z, Chen H, Fan Z, Dai J, Sun Y, Yan L, Wang R, Li X, Wang J. IFN-α-2b Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration of Fibroblasts via the TGFβ/Smad Signaling Pathway to Reduce Postoperative Epidural Fibrosis. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2021; 41:271-282. [PMID: 34410879 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2020.0231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidural fibrosis after lumbar laminectomy refers to a serious complication, and excessive proliferation of fibroblasts is considered the major factor. Interferon-alpha-2b (IFN-α-2b) can exert antiviral and antiproliferative effects, which has been suggested to effectively prevent several fibrotic diseases. However, the effect of IFN-α-2b on the prevention of epidural fibrosis (EF) and its possible mechanism remain unclear. In this study, in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to examine the possible mechanism of IFN-α-2b for preventing EF. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), cell cycle test, Edu incorporation, wound healing assay, transwell test, and Western blotting assay were performed to investigate the inhibitory effect of IFN-α-2b on the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts in vitro. As indicated from the results, IFN-α-2b was capable of inhibiting proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and inhibiting the activity of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)/Smad signaling pathway. In vivo, the effect of IFN-α-2b on the reduction of EF was determined by performing histological macroscopic evaluation and histological and immunohistochemical staining. As suggested from the results, IFN-α-2b significantly inhibited EF after laminectomy. As revealed from the mentioned results, IFN-α-2b may have a promising application for preventing EF in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhehao Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jihang Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lianqi Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Dermatological Department, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, China
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Xie L, Ma Y, Opsomer G, Pascottini OB, Guan Y, Dong Q. Neutrophil extracellular traps in cattle health and disease. Res Vet Sci 2021; 139:4-10. [PMID: 34217982 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils largely contribute to the first line of defense against the invasion of pathogens. They kill pathogens basically by the following mechanisms: phagocytosis and proteolytic degradation, the release of enzymes with bactericidal activities, and the production of fibers to entrap pathogens, also known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs capture pathogens as a mechanism of immune protection and have been studied in-depth in various fields of human medicine. However, research about NETs in cattle is relatively scarce. The present article reviews the generation mechanisms, structural composition, signal pathways, advantages (and disadvantages) of NETs, and summarizes the latest findings of NETs in cattle health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yixiong Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Geert Opsomer
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Yandong Guan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Qiang Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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Wang S, Shi K, Lu J, Sun W, Han Q, Che L, Zhang D. Microsphere-Embedded Hydrogel Sustained-Release System to Inhibit Postoperative Epidural Fibrosis. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5122-5131. [PMID: 35007060 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a common complication of spine surgery, postoperative epidural fibrosis is an important cause of failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), yet there is no effective clinical intervention to tackle it. Herein, for the first time, we develop a strategy of combining a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel matrix with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microsphere-encapsulated resveratrol (RSV), which aims to synergistically promote the inhibition effect on epidural fibrosis. The resultant RSV@PLGA-GelMA (8% w/v) hydrogels possess optimal mechanical properties and prompt the matrix sustainably and stably to release RSV for several weeks. It is further shown that the hybrid hydrogels without the drug exhibit good biosafety without distinct cytotoxicity, while RSV@PLGA-GelMA could prevent fibroblast proliferation and migration. Further rat laminectomy model indicates that the RSV@PLGA-GelMA hydrogels reduce epidural fibrosis by inhibiting fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix overexpression and deposition via a TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Consequently, we believe that such a creative structural combination will be a promising strategy for preventing postoperative epidural fibrosis of spine surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Kun Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221009, China
| | - Jiawei Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Weilian Sun
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Qinghui Han
- Department of Orthopedics, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Lingbin Che
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, College of Engineering and Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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Cheng Y, Peng L, Deng X, Li T, Guo H, Xu C, Fang T, Liu X, Sun B, Chen L. Prostaglandin F2α protects against pericyte apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1021. [PMID: 34277821 PMCID: PMC8267281 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and the main cause of non-traumatic blindness in adults. Pericyte loss is known to be an early pathological change of DR. Our group’s previous research indicated that prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) acts as an eicosanoidal protector against non-proliferative DR that can regulate the mobility of pericytes in a RhoA-mediated manner. However, the effect of PGF2α on pericyte apoptosis has yet to be described. Methods Two animal models were constructed: a high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes mouse model and a spontaneous type 2 diabetes db/db mouse model. We analyzed pathological changes, and performed TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling) staining and western blot to detect apoptosis in the retinas of diabetic mice. For our in vitro experiments, we selected human retinal pericytes and subjected them to high-glucose (HG), PGF2α, and AL8810 (an antagonist of the PGF2α receptor) treatment. Subsequently, apoptosis and the levels of PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway-related proteins were detected by TUNEL staining and western blot, respectively. Results The levels of apoptosis were increased in the retinas of diabetic mice in both T2DM models. In vitro, HG treatment increased apoptosis and inhibited PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling in pericytes. In contrast, PGF2α treatment inhibited pericyte apoptosis while increasing the levels of the PI3K, p-Akt/t-Akt, p-GSK3β/t-GSK3β, and β-catenin proteins; however, these PGF2α-induced effects were eliminated by ALL80. Conclusions PGF2α may make a key contribution to reducing pericyte apoptosis and protecting against DR via its inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liyuan Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqing Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hang Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chaofei Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Fang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohuan Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bei Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liming Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Liang M, Dang H, Li Q, Huang W, Liu C. Effects of rapamycin and OSI-027 on α-SMA in lung tissue of SD rat pups with hyperoxic lung injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 556:39-44. [PMID: 33836346 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and significance of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors on the expression of α-SMA in lung injury induced by high volume fraction of inspired oxygen (hyperoxygen) in SD rat pups. METHODS Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley rat pups (age: 3 weeks) were randomly divided into air + saline, hyperoxia + saline, hyperoxia + OSI-027, and hyperoxia + rapamycin groups. Animal models were constructed (n = 18). Hyperoxia was induced by continuous administration of 90% oxygen. Normal saline, OSI-027, and rapamycin are administered by intraperitoneal injection on 1d, 3d, 6d, 8d, 10d, 13d of the observation period, respectively. Following assessments were made on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th day of modeling: pathological changes in lung tissues, lung injury score, Western Blot to assess the distribution and expressions of mTOR, pS6K1, and α-SMA protein in lung tissues. RESULTS In terms of time factors, the protein expressions of mTOR, pS6K1, and α-SMA increased with time. Except for the air group, the lung injury scores of the other groups increased with time, In terms of grouping factors, lung injury score in the air group was significantly lower than that in the other groups. In the hyperoxia group, the protein expressions of mTOR, PS6K1, and α-SMA were significantly higher than those in the other groups. The lung injury score in the hyperoxia group was significantly higher than that in the other groups. The lung injury score in the hyperoxia OSI group was significantly lower than that in the hyperoxia rapamycin group. CONCLUSION In hyperoxia lung injury, inhibiting the activation of mTOR signaling pathway can effectively reduce the expression of α-SMA; however, only mTORC1/2 dual inhibitor OSI-027 exhibited an anti-proliferative effect, and alleviated hyperoxia-induced lung injury and fibrosis in SD rat pups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulin Liang
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxing Dang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinghe Li
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiben Huang
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengjun Liu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Fang Y, Xing C, Wang X, Cao H, Zhang C, Guo X, Zhuang Y, Hu R, Hu G, Yang F. Activation of the ROS/HO-1/NQO1 signaling pathway contributes to the copper-induced oxidative stress and autophagy in duck renal tubular epithelial cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143753. [PMID: 33316526 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the crosstalk between oxidative stress and autophagy through the ROS/HO-1/NQO1 pathway caused by copper (Cu). Duck renal tubular epithelial cells were treated in Cu sulfate (CuSO4) (0, 100 and 200 μM) for 12 h, and in the combination of CuSO4 (200 μM) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger (butyl hydroxyanisole, BHA, 100 μM), or HO-1 inhibitor (zinc protoporphyrin, ZnPP, 10 μM) for 12 h. Results revealed that Cu could significantly elevate the levels of intracellular ROS, superoxide dismutase, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, glutathione, simultaneously reduce catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels, and upregulate HO-1, SOD-1, CAT, NQO1, GCLM mRNA levels and HO-1, SOD-1 protein levels. Additionally, Cu could observably increase the number of autophagosomes, acidic vesicle organelles (AVOs) and LC3 puncta; upregulate mRNA levels of mTOR, Beclin-1, ATG7, ATG5, ATG3, LC3II and protein levels of Beclin-1, LC3II/LC3I, downregulate LC3I mRNA level. Both treatments with BHA and ZnPP could significantly alleviate the changes of antioxidant indexes levels and ROS accumulation, reduce the increase of the number of autophagosomes, AVOs and LC3 puncta, and mitigate the above changed oxidative stress and autophagy related mRNA and protein levels induced by Cu. In summary, our findings indicated that excessive Cu could induce oxidative stress and autophagy by activating the ROS/HO-1/NQO1 pathway, and inhibition of HO-1 might attenuate Cu-induced oxidative stress and autophagy in duck renal tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Fang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Chenghong Xing
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Caiying Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - RuiMing Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
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Feng L, Liao H, Liu J, Xu C, Zhong K, Zhu H, Guo S, Guo Y, Han L, Li H, Wang Y. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway by ammonium chloride induced apoptosis and autophagy in MAC-T cell. Res Vet Sci 2021; 136:622-630. [PMID: 33930632 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia is a harmful gas with a pungent odor, participates in the regulation of a variety of apoptosis and autophagy, which in turn affects the growth and differentiation of cells. To test the regulation of NH3 on the apoptosis and autophagy of mammary epithelial cells, we selected NH4Cl as NH3 donor in vitro model. MTT and CCK-8 assay kits were employed to detect cell activity. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blot methods were used to detect the abundance of inflammatory molecules, apoptosis markers, and autophagy genes. We selected TUNEL kit and the Annexin-FITC/PI method to detect apoptosis. TEM analysis was used to detect autophagic vesicles, and MDC stain evaluated the formation of autophagosome. The results indicated that NH4Cl reduced cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner and promoted cell inflammatory response, apoptosis, and autophagy. NH4Cl stimulation notable increased the autophagosomes number. Interestingly, we also detected that the addition of LY294002 and Rapamycin inhibited the PI3K/Akt pathway and the mTOR pathway, respectively, resulting in changes in both apoptosis and autophagy. Therefore, we draw a conclusion that NH3 may regulate the apoptosis and autophagic response of bovine mammary epithelial cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Further investigations on ammonia's function in other physiological respects, will be critical to provide theoretical help for the improvement of production performance. It will be also helpful for controlling the harmful gas ammonia concentration in the livestock house to protect the health of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; University of Dublin Trinity College School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jingsong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chunmei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Kai Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Heshui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yujie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liqiang Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Heping Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Yueying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Comprehensive analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics to understand triptolide-induced liver injury in mice. Toxicol Lett 2020; 333:290-302. [PMID: 32835833 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Triptolide, a major active component of Triptergium wilfordii Hook. f, is used in the treatment of autoimmune disease. However, triptolide is associated with severe adverse reactions, especially hepatotoxicity, which limits its clinical application. To examine the underlying mechanism of triptolide-induced liver injury, a combination of dose- and time-dependent toxic effects, RNA-seq and metabolomics were employed. Triptolide-induced toxicity occurred in a dose- and time-dependent manners and was characterized by apoptosis and not necroptosis. Transcriptomics profiles of the dose-dependent response to triptolide suggested that PI3K/AKT, MAPK, TNFα and p53 signaling pathways were the vital steps in triptolide-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. Metabolomics further revealed that glycerophospholipid, fatty acid, leukotriene, purine and pyrimidine metabolism were the major metabolic alterations after triptolide exposure. Finally, acylcarnitines were identified as potential biomarkers for the early detection of triptolide-induced liver injury.
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He J, Peng H, Wang M, Liu Y, Guo X, Wang B, Dai L, Cheng X, Meng Z, Yuan L, Cai F, Tang Y. Isoliquiritigenin inhibits TGF-β1-induced fibrogenesis through activating autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in MRC-5 cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:810-820. [PMID: 32638014 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a natural flavonoid derived from the root of liquorice, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Previous studies have found that ISL plays a crucial role in anti-fibrosis of adipose tissue and renal tissue; however, its effect on pulmonary fibrogenesis has not been demonstrated. In this study, we aimed to explore the roles and the underlying mechanisms of ISL in TGF-β1-induced fibrogenesis using human lung fibroblast-derived MRC-5 cells. Cell proliferation and migration were determined by MTT and wound healing assay, respectively. The expression levels of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen type I alpha 1 (COLIA1) and fibronectin (FN), microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and related signaling molecules were detected by quantitative real-time PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence assay, correspondingly. EGFP-LC3 transfection was used for autophagy analysis. The results showed that ISL inhibited the TGF-β1-induced proliferation and migration, and down-regulated the expressions of α-SMA, COLIA1 and FN. ISL treatment led to up-regulation of LC3 in TGF-β1-treated MRC-5 cells, accompanied by significant decrease in the phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). In addition, the inhibitory effects of ISL on TGF-β1-induced fibrogenic features in MRC-5 cells were enhanced by pretreatment with autophagy activator Rapmycin and PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 and reversed by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine and PI3K/AKT activator IGF-1. Taken together, our results demonstrated that ISL could attenuate the fibrogenesis of TGF-β1-treated MRC-5 cells by activating autophagy via suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Therefore, ISL holds a great potential to be developed as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjuan He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Meifang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy of Cancer, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Xingrong Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Longjun Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xueqin Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Zhongji Meng
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Leyong Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Fenglin Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yijun Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
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