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Lisboa CD, Maciel de Souza JL, Gaspar CJ, Turck P, Ortiz VD, Teixeira Proença IC, Fernandes TRG, Fernandes E, Tasca S, Carraro CC, Belló-Klein A, Sander da Rosa Araujo A, Luz de Castro A. Melatonin effects on oxidative stress and on TLR4/NF-kβ inflammatory pathway in the right ventricle of rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 592:112330. [PMID: 39002930 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterised by an increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure and a compromised the right ventricle (RV), together with progression to heart failure and premature death. Studies have evaluated the role of melatonin as a promising therapeutic strategy for PAH. The objective of this study was to evaluate melatonin's effects on oxidative stress and on the TLR4/NF-kβ inflammatory pathway in the RV of rats with PAH. Male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: control, monocrotaline (MCT), and monocrotaline plus melatonin groups. These two last groups received one intraperitoneal injection of MCT (60 mg/kg) on the first day of experimental protocol. The monocrotaline plus melatonin group received 10 mg/kg/day of melatonin by gavage for 21 days. Echocardiographic analysis was performed, and the RV was collected for morphometric analysis oxidative stress and molecular evaluations. The main findings of the present study were that melatonin administration attenuated the reduction in RV function that was induced by monocrotaline, as assessed by TAPSE. In addition, melatonin prevented RV diastolic area reduction caused by PAH. Furthermore, animals treated with melatonin did not show an increase in ROS levels or in NF-kβ expression. In addition, the monocrotaline plus melatonin group showed a reduction in TLR4 expression when compared with control and monocrotaline groups. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating a positive effect of melatonin on the TLR4/NF-kβ pathway in the RV of rats with PAH. In this sense, this study makes it possible to think of melatonin as a possible ally in mitigating RV alterations caused by PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Dias Lisboa
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - José Luciano Maciel de Souza
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Custódio José Gaspar
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrick Turck
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Duarte Ortiz
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Isabel Cristina Teixeira Proença
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tânia Regina G Fernandes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elissa Fernandes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvio Tasca
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos Carraro
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Luz de Castro
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600, Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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de Castro AL, Duarte Ortiz V, Hickmann AR, Santos Lacerda D, Türck P, Campos Carraro C, Freitas S, Bello Klein A, Bassani V, da Rosa Araujo AS. Effects of Pterostilbene on Heart and Lung Oxidative Stress Parameters in 2 Experimental Models of Cardiovascular Disease: Myocardial Infarction and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2024; 84:101-109. [PMID: 38573589 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Myocardial infarction (MI) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are 2 prevalent cardiovascular diseases. In both conditions, oxidative stress is associated with a worse prognosis. Pterostilbene (PTE), an antioxidant compound, has been studied as a possible therapy for cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to evaluate the effect of PTE on oxidative stress in the hearts of animals with MI and in the lungs of animals with PAH. Male Wistar rats were used in both models. In the MI model, the experimental groups were sham, MI, and MI + PTE. In the PAH model, the experimental groups were control, PAH, and PAH + PTE. Animals were exposed to MI through surgical ligation of the left coronary artery, or to PAH, by the administration of monocrotaline (60 mg/kg). Seven days after undergoing cardiac injury, the MI + PTE animals were treated with PTE (100 mg/kg day) for 8 days. After this, the heart was collected for molecular analysis. The PAH + PTE animals were treated with PTE (100 mg/kg day) for 14 days, beginning 7 days after PAH induction. After this, the lungs were collected for biochemical evaluation. We found that PTE administration attenuated the decrease in ejection fraction and improved left ventricle end-systolic volume in infarcted animals. In the PAH model, PTE improved pulmonary artery flow and decreased reactive oxygen species levels in the lung. PTE administration promoted protective effects in terms of oxidative stress in 2 experimental models of cardiac diseases: MI and PAH. PTE also improved cardiac function in infarcted rats and pulmonary artery flow in animals with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Luz de Castro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Vanessa Duarte Ortiz
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Alexandre R Hickmann
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Denise Santos Lacerda
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica; Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil ; and
| | - Patrick Türck
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Cristina Campos Carraro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Schauana Freitas
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Adriane Bello Klein
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Valquiria Bassani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Sun H, Du Z, Zhang X, Gao S, Ji Z, Luo G, Pan S. Neutrophil extracellular traps promote proliferation of pulmonary smooth muscle cells mediated by CCDC25 in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Respir Res 2024; 25:183. [PMID: 38664728 PMCID: PMC11046914 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02813-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have indicated that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a pivotal role in pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the specific mechanism underlying the impact of NETs on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) has not been determined. The objective of this study was to elucidate underlying mechanisms through which NETs contribute to progression of PAH. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis was employed in this study to screen for potential molecules and mechanisms associated with occurrence and development of PAH. These findings were subsequently validated in human samples, coiled-coil domain containing 25 (CCDC25) knockdown PASMCs, as well as monocrotaline-induced PAH rat model. RESULTS NETs promoted proliferation of PASMCs, thereby facilitating pathogenesis of PAH. This phenomenon was mediated by the activation of transmembrane receptor CCDC25 on PASMCs, which subsequently activated ILK/β-parvin/RAC1 pathway. Consequently, cytoskeletal remodeling and phenotypic transformation occur in PASMCs. Furthermore, the level of NETs could serve as an indicator of PAH severity and as potential therapeutic target for alleviating PAH. CONCLUSION This study elucidated the involvement of NETs in pathogenesis of PAH through their influence on the function of PASMCs, thereby highlighting their potential as promising targets for the evaluation and treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiao Sun
- Heart Center, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhanhui Du
- Heart Center, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Heart Center, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Heart Center, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhixian Ji
- Heart Center, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Heart Center, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Silin Pan
- Heart Center, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Park JM, Seo YS, Kim SH, Kim HY, Kim MS, Lee MY. Impact of inhalation exposure to cigarette smoke on the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension primed by monocrotaline in rats. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:470-483. [PMID: 37876240 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Extensive, long-term exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) was recently suggested to be a risk factor for pulmonary hypertension, although further validation is required. The vascular effects of CS share similarities with the etiology of pulmonary hypertension, including vascular inflammation and remodeling. Thus, we examined the influence of CS exposure on the pathogenesis of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension, hypothesizing that smoking might accelerate the development of primed pulmonary hypertension. CS was generated from 3R4F reference cigarettes, and rats were exposed to CS by inhalation at total particulate matter concentrations of 100-300 μg/L for 4 h/day, 7 days/week for 4 weeks. Following 1 week of initial exposure, rats received 60 mg/kg MCT and were sacrificed and analyzed after an additional 3 weeks of exposure. MCT induced hypertrophy in pulmonary arterioles and increased the Fulton index, a measure of right ventricular hypertrophy. Additional CS exposure exacerbated arteriolar hypertrophy but did not further elevate the Fulton index. No significant alterations were observed in levels of endothelin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor, or in hematological and serum biochemical parameters. Short-term inhalation exposure to CS exacerbated arteriolar hypertrophy in the lung, although this effect did not directly aggravate the overworked heart under the current experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Min Park
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Seo
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- Inhalation Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Young Kim
- Inhalation Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Inhalation Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Yeol Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Comarița IK, Tanko G, Anghelache IL, Georgescu A. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of AP-1 restores the function of the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle by reducing perivascular and interstitial fibrosis and key molecular players in cardiopulmonary disease. J Transl Med 2024; 22:137. [PMID: 38317144 PMCID: PMC10845748 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex multifactorial vascular pathology characterized by an increased pulmonary arterial pressure, vasoconstriction, remodelling of the pulmonary vasculature, thrombosis in situ and inflammation associated with right-side heart failure. Herein, we explored the potential beneficial effects of treatment with siRNA AP-1 on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), right ventricular dysfunction along with perivascular and interstitial fibrosis in pulmonary artery-PA, right ventricle-RV and lung in an experimental animal model of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH. METHODS Golden Syrian hamsters were divided into: (1) C group-healthy animals taken as control; (2) MCT group obtained by a single subcutaneous injection of 60 mg/kg MCT at the beginning of the experiment; (3) MCT-siRNA AP-1 group received a one-time subcutaneous dose of MCT and subcutaneous injections containing 100 nM siRNA AP-1, every two weeks. All animal groups received water and standard chow ad libitum for 12 weeks. RESULTS In comparison with the MCT group, siRNA AP-1 treatment had significant beneficial effects on investigated tissues contributing to: (1) a reduction in TGF-β1/ET-1/IL-1β/TNF-α plasma concentrations; (2) a reduced level of cytosolic ROS production in PA, RV and lung and notable improvements regarding the ultrastructure of these tissues; a decrease of inflammatory and fibrotic marker expressions in PA (COL1A/Fibronectin/Vimentin/α-SMA/CTGF/Calponin/MMP-9), RV and lung (COL1A/CTGF/Fibronectin/α-SMA/F-actin/OB-cadherin) and an increase of endothelial marker expressions (CD31/VE-cadherin) in PA; (4) structural and functional recoveries of the PA [reduced Vel, restored vascular reactivity (NA contraction, ACh relaxation)] and RV (enlarged internal cavity diameter in diastole, increased TAPSE and PRVOFs) associated with a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate; (5) a reduced protein expression profile of AP-1S3/ pFAK/FAK/pERK/ERK and a significant decrease in the expression levels of miRNA-145, miRNA-210, miRNA-21, and miRNA-214 along with an increase of miRNA-124 and miRNA-204. CONCLUSIONS The siRNA AP-1-based therapy led to an improvement of pulmonary arterial and right ventricular function accompanied by a regression of perivascular and interstitial fibrosis in PA, RV and lung and a down-regulation of key inflammatory and fibrotic markers in MCT-treated hamsters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Karla Comarița
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Tanko
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Adriana Georgescu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania.
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A X, Huayu M, Li Z, Su S. In vivo pharmacokinetic study of vanillic acid in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension rats and its tissue distribution. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5793. [PMID: 38037526 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Vanillic acid (VA) is a bioactive chemical present in many food plants and fruits. It has been shown to have a protective effect on pulmonary tissues in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension, as well as an intervention effect on right ventricular remodeling. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a reliable method for assessing VA utilizing ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry using caffeic acid as the internal standard. Across diverse substrates, the correlation coefficient for VA ranged from 0.9992 to 0.9995. The method's intraday precision was <13.53% (RSD), and its accuracy (RE) ranged from -9.88 to 4.35%. The precision across days was <13.69% (RSD), while the accuracy ranged from 2.16 to 10.94% (RE). The extraction recoveries ranged from 80.30 to 118.81%, with a lower limit of quantification of 20 ng/mL. The approach was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies of VA in rat plasma after gavage administration, and the pharmacokinetic parameters of VA in the plasma of the monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension were significantly different from those of the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxia A
- Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Xining Customs Technical Center, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research in Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Meiduo Huayu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhanqiang Li
- Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine of Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Shanshan Su
- Xining Customs Technical Center, Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research in Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai, China
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Dong J, Jiang XM, Xie DJ, Luo J, Ran H, Li L, Li M, Jiang P, Zhang PY, Zhou L. Establishment of a canine model of pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by dehydromonocrotaline and ultrasonographic study of right ventricular remodeling. Clin Exp Hypertens 2023; 45:2190503. [PMID: 36924239 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2023.2190503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) means high blood pressure in the lungs. We aimed to observe the right ventricular size, wall thickness and characteristic functional changes and their associations with PAH in an established model of beagle dogs, and to explore convenient, reliable and sensitive ultrasound indicators for assessing right ventricular remodeling. METHODS Twenty healthy beagle dogs (8-10 kg) were randomly divided into control group (N-dimethylformamide, n = 10) and dehydromonocrotaline (DHMCT) group (DHMCT, n = 10). N-dimethylformamide or DHMCT was injected through a catheter into the right atrium, and then right heart catheterization, routine echocardiography and two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) were performed before modeling (0 weeks) and 8, 14 weeks after modeling. Hemodynamic parameters and right ventricular function-related ultrasound data were acquired. At the end of the experiment, the animals were killed and the lung tissues were taken for HE staining. Left and right ventricular walls were separated and weighed respectively, and right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI) was measured. The associations of the routine ultrasound data and 2D-STI data at each time point with hemodynamic parameters and RVHI were analyzed. RESULTS At 0, 8 and 14 weeks, gradual decreases in the right ventricular global longitudinal strain (RVLS) were found in DHMCT group. RVH occurred in DHMCT group, and DHMCT group had a significantly higher RVHI than that of control group (49.83 ± 4.83% vs. 39.80 ± 1.40%, P < .001) and larger pulmonary artery media thickness. RVLS had significant positive correlations with RVSP (r = 0.74, P < .001), mRVP (r = 0.72, P < .001), PASP (r = 0.75, P < .001), mPAP (r = 0.72, P < .001) and PVR (r = 0.68, P < .001). There was a significant positive correlation between RVLS and RVHI (r = 0.74, P < .001). CONCLUSION The right ventricular function in PAH can be effectively assessed by echocardiography, and RVLS measured by 2D-STI sensitively reflects right ventricular remodeling following PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Min Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Du-Jiang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong Ran
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pei Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping-Yang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Liu H, Wang S, Chen Q, Ge X, Ning H, Guo Y, Wang D, Ai K, Hu C. Natural Targeting Potent ROS-Eliminating Tungsten-Based Polyoxometalate Nanodots for Efficient Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300252. [PMID: 37196347 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a disease of pulmonary artery stenosis and blockage caused by abnormal pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), with high morbidity and mortality. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in pulmonary arteries play a crucial role in inducing phenotypic switch and abnormal proliferation of PASMCs. However, antioxidants are rarely approved for the treatment of PH because of a lack of targeting and low bioavailability. In this study, the presence of an enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR)-like effect in the pulmonary arteries of PH is revealed by tissue transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Subsequently, for the first time, tungsten-based polyoxometalate nanodots (WNDs) are developed with potent elimination of multiple ROS for efficient treatment of PH thanks to the high proportion of reduced W5+ . WNDs are effectively enriched in the pulmonary artery by intravenous injection because of the EPR-like effect of PH, and significantly prevent the abnormal proliferation of PASMCs, greatly improve the remodeling of pulmonary arteries, and ultimately improve right heart function. In conclusion, this work provides a novel and effective solution to the dilemma of targeting ROS for the treatment of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Shuya Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Qiaohui Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Xiaoyue Ge
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Huang Ning
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yanzi Guo
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Di Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Kelong Ai
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Changping Hu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Changsha, 410078, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
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Campos-Carraro C, Turck P, de Lima-Seolin BG, Teixeira RB, Zimmer A, Araujo ASDR, Belló-Klein A. Copaiba oil improves pulmonary nitric oxide bioavailability in monocrotaline-treated rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 101:447-454. [PMID: 37581356 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2023-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy, characteristics of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Copaiba oil, an antioxidant compound, could attenuate PAH damage. This study's aim was to determine the effects of copaiba oil on lung oxidative stress, PVR, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) in the monocrotaline (MCT) model of PAH. Male Wistar rats (170 g, n = 7/group) were divided into four groups: control, MCT, copaiba oil, and MCT + copaiba oil (MCT-O). PAH was induced by MCT (60 mg/kg i.p.) and, after 1 week, the treatment with copaiba oil (400 mg/kg/day gavage) was started for 14 days. Echocardiographic and hemodynamic measurements were performed. RV was collected for morphometric evaluations and lungs and the pulmonary artery were used for biochemical analysis. Copaiba oil significantly reduced RV hypertrophy, PVR, mPAP, and antioxidant enzyme activities in the MCT-O group. Moreover, increased nitric oxide synthase and decreased NADPH oxidase activities were observed in the MCT-O group. In conclusion, copaiba oil was able to improve the balance between nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in lungs and the pulmonary artery and to reduce PVR, which could explain a decrease in RV hypertrophy in this PAH model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Turck
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexsandra Zimmer
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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10
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Yan Q, Liu S, Sun Y, Chen C, Yang S, Lin M, Long J, Yao J, Lin Y, Yi F, Meng L, Tan Y, Ai Q, Chen N, Yang Y. Targeting oxidative stress as a preventive and therapeutic approach for cardiovascular disease. J Transl Med 2023; 21:519. [PMID: 37533007 PMCID: PMC10394930 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to exert a significant impact on global mortality rates, encompassing conditions like pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), atherosclerosis (AS), and myocardial infarction (MI). Oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and advancement of CVDs, highlighting its significance as a contributing factor. Maintaining an equilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant systems not only aids in mitigating oxidative stress but also confers protective benefits on cardiac health. Herbal monomers can inhibit OS in CVDs by activating multiple signaling pathways, such as increasing the activity of endogenous antioxidant systems and decreasing the level of ROS expression. Given the actions of herbal monomers to significantly protect the normal function of the heart and reduce the damage caused by OS to the organism. Hence, it is imperative to recognize the significance of herbal monomers as prospective therapeutic interventions for mitigating oxidative damage in CVDs. This paper aims to comprehensively review the origins and mechanisms underlying OS, elucidate the intricate association between CVDs and OS, and explore the therapeutic potential of antioxidant treatment utilizing herbal monomers. Furthermore, particular emphasis will be placed on examining the cardioprotective effects of herbal monomers by evaluating their impact on cardiac signaling pathways subsequent to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yan
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Hospital for Matemal&Child Health Care, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Songwei Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Meiyu Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Junpeng Long
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Jiao Yao
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yuting Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Fan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yong Tan
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Qidi Ai
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| | - Naihong Chen
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yantao Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
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11
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Poyatos P, Gratacós M, Samuel K, Orriols R, Tura-Ceide O. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Therapy in Pulmonary Hypertension. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1006. [PMID: 37237872 PMCID: PMC10215203 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease characterized by elevated artery pressures and pulmonary vascular resistance. Underlying mechanisms comprise endothelial dysfunction, pulmonary artery remodeling and vasoconstriction. Several studies have shown evidence of the critical role of oxidative stress in PH pathophysiology. Alteration of redox homeostasis produces excessive generation of reactive oxygen species, inducing oxidative stress and the subsequent alteration of biological molecules. Exacerbations in oxidative stress production can lead to alterations in nitric oxide signaling pathways, contributing to the proliferation of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, inducing PH development. Recently, antioxidant therapy has been suggested as a novel therapeutic strategy for PH pathology. However, the favorable outcomes observed in preclinical studies have not been consistently reproduced in clinical practice. Therefore, targeting oxidative stress as a therapeutic intervention for PH is an area that is still being explored. This review summarizes the contribution of oxidative stress to the pathogenesis of the different types of PH and suggests antioxidant therapy as a promising strategy for PH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Poyatos
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Girona, Spain; (P.P.); (M.G.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Miquel Gratacós
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Girona, Spain; (P.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Kay Samuel
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh EH14 4BE, UK
| | - Ramon Orriols
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Girona, Spain; (P.P.); (M.G.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Tura-Ceide
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital de Girona, Santa Caterina Hospital de Salt and the Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Girona, Spain; (P.P.); (M.G.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Saluisn-β contributes to endothelial dysfunction in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertensive rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113748. [PMID: 36174379 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endothelial dysfunction and the consequent attenuated pulmonary vasodilatation are the major causes of elevated pulmonary arterial resistance and pressure in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Current study aimed to explore the effects of a TOR2A gene product, salusin-β, on endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation and the progression of PAH in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rats as well as the relevant signaling pathway. METHODS Acetylcholine (ACh)-induced dose-dependent relaxation was used to evaluate the endothelium-dependent vasodilatation function. RESULTS The salusin-β level in plasma and pulmonary artery (PA) in MCT-PAH rats were significantly increased, while the ACh-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilatation was attenuated. After salusin-β incubation or overexpression of salusin-β gene, the endothelium-dependent relaxation was further deteriorated, while anti-salusin-β IgG incubation or knockdown of salusin-β improved it in PAH rats. The superoxide anions scavenger NAC or the antioxidant apocynin inhibited the effect of salusin-β, while the SOD inhibitor DETC further enhanced it. The nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor L-NAME almost blocked the effect of anti-salusin-β IgG. Silencing of salusin-β in PAH rats decreased right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure, RV hypertrophy index, NAD(P)H oxidase activity and ROS level, and increased the eNOS activity and NO level of PA. Overexpression of salusin-β played opposite roles. CONCLUSIONS The elevated saluisn-β level in PAH rats plays important roles in the reduction of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and participates in the progression of PAH through stimulating NAD(P)H oxidase-ROS production and inhibiting eNOS-NO release.
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13
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Allopurinol treatment reduced vascular remodeling and improved vascular functions in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2022; 77:102166. [PMID: 36165827 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2022.102166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress and high uric acid are implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). This provides opportunity to benefit from drugs like allopurinol which suppresses both contributing factors. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of allopurinol in preventing as well as reversing the pathological changes occurring in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced rat model of PH. Male rats were assigned into three groups based on the follow-up time: 7, 21 and 35 days. Time-matched controls of each group received single injections of MCT (60 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Test groups consisted of rats who were treated with MCT on day 0 plus oral allopurinol (60 mg/kg) daily for 7 or 21 days. 35-day group received allopurinol for two weeks starting on the 22nd day following MCT injection. At the end of all-time points, rats were killed and basal pulmonary perfusion pressure, Fulton index, pulmonary arterial wall thickness and pulmonary arterial relaxations along with oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, XO), NO and uric acid levels were measured in all groups. MCT-injected rats had evidence of raised oxidative stress (high MDA and XO, low SOD levels) which was reversed by allopurinol co-treatment in all-time groups. Marked elevation of uric acid seen in 21- and 35 day-groups was also reversed by allopurinol. Reduced NO levels of 21 and 35 days were unchanged in allopurinol treated groups. Apart from an increase in arterial wall thickening which was maintained in all-time groups, no alterations in other cardiovascular parameters were observed in 7-day group. However, basal lung perfusion pressure and Fulton index significantly increased, while arterial relaxations decreased in 21- and 35-day groups. Co-treatment with allopurinol for 21 days improved these functional alterations, whereas late allopurinol treatment failed to affect them. Our results indicate that early treatment of MCT-induced PH with allopurinol ameliorated the impaired functional characteristics via suppressing the increased oxidative stress and uric acid, while treatment started after progression of the disease had no significant effect.
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14
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Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Therapy in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123724. [PMID: 35744848 PMCID: PMC9229274 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is clinically characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary artery pressure, followed by right ventricular hypertrophy and subsequently right heart failure. The underlying mechanism of PAH includes endothelial dysfunction and intimal smooth muscle proliferation. Numerous studies have shown that oxidative stress is critical in the pathophysiology of PAH and involves changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen (RNS), and nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathways. Disrupted ROS and NO signaling pathways cause the proliferation of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs) and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), resulting in DNA damage, metabolic abnormalities, and vascular remodeling. Antioxidant treatment has become a main area of research for the treatment of PAH. This review mainly introduces oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of PAH and antioxidative therapies and explains why targeting oxidative stress is a valid strategy for PAH treatment.
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15
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Baptista de Barros Ribeiro Dourado LP, Santos M, Moreira-Gonçalves D. Nets, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and thrombo-inflammation. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:713-722. [PMID: 35441845 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and fatal vascular disease in which high blood pressure in the pulmonary artery and remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature ensues. This disorder is characterized by the presence of thrombotic lesions, resulting from chronic platelet, coagulation factors, and endothelium activation, which translate into platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction, and medial thickening. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a network of chromatin and cytoplasmatic enzymes (myeloperoxidase and neutrophil elastase) forming after neutrophil programmed cell death, were described in multiple cardiovascular diseases as thrombotic mediators, by creating a scaffold or by surface receptor interaction. In this review, we analyze the possible involvement of NETs in PAH, to enlighten future studies to explore this hypothesis. NETs may have a determining role in pulmonary hypertension through activation of platelets and endothelial cells. Simultaneously, NETosis may be induced by endothelial signaling and/or cell-cell interaction between platelets and primed neutrophils, creating a positive feedback loop. Confirming its role in the pathophysiology and prognosis of PAH may represent a new opportunity to explore new therapeutic options. KEY MESSAGES: Thrombosis and innate immunity are relevant axes in PAH. Patients with PAH display elevated levels of NETs. NETs could activate platelets/endothelium with proliferative and thrombotic effects. Activated platelets and endothelium could contribute to NETosis. NETs could open new therapy research avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mário Santos
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Santo António, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Largo do Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001, Porto, Portugal.,Unit of Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves
- CIAFEL, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, R. Dr. Plácido da Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.,ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal
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16
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da Rosa-Junior NT, Parmeggiani B, Glänzel NM, de Moura Alvorcem L, Brondani M, Britto R, Grings M, Ortiz VD, Turck P, da Rosa Araujo AS, Wajner M, Leipnitz G. Antioxidant system disturbances and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by 3-methyglutaric acid in rat heart are prevented by bezafibrate. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 924:174950. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Xie SS, Deng Y, Guo SL, Li JQ, Zhou YC, Liao J, Wu DD, Lan WF. Endothelial cell ferroptosis mediates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats by modulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3056. [PMID: 35197507 PMCID: PMC8866506 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06848-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation triggers pulmonary vascular remodelling. Ferroptosis, a nonapoptotic form of cell death that is triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and contributes to the pathogenesis of several inflammation-related diseases, but its role in pulmonary hypertension (PH) has not been studied. We examined endothelial cell ferroptosis in PH and the potential mechanisms. Pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) and lung tissues from monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH rats were analysed for ferroptosis markers, including lipid peroxidation, the labile iron pool (LIP) and the protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) and NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX4). The effects of the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) on endothelial cell ferroptosis and pulmonary vascular remodelling in MCT-induced rats were studied in vitro and in vivo. Ferroptosis was observed in PAECs from MCT-induced PH rats in vitro and in vivo and was characterized by a decline in cell viability accompanied by increases in the LIP and lipid peroxidation, the downregulation of GPX4 and FTH1 expression and the upregulation of NOX4 expression. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signalling was measured by western blotting. These changes were significantly blocked by Fer-1 administration in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that Fer-1 plays a role in inhibiting ferroptosis-mediated PAEC loss during the progression of PH. The ferroptosis-induced inflammatory response depended on the activation of HMGB1/TLR4 signalling, which activated the NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo. We are the first to suggest that pulmonary artery endothelial ferroptosis triggers inflammatory responses via the HMGB1/TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome signalling pathway in MCT-induced rats. Treating PH with a ferroptosis inhibitor and exploring new treatments based on ferroptosis regulation might be promising therapeutic strategies for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Xie
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuang yong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuang yong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Echocardiography of Cardiovascular Disease Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuang yong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sheng-Lan Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuang yong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Quan Li
- Experimental Centre of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Chuan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Liao
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuang yong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuang yong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Fang Lan
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuang yong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
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18
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Gelpi RJ. Uma Nova Alternativa Terapêutica para o Tratamento da Hipertensão Pulmonar? Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 117:1113-1114. [PMID: 35613168 PMCID: PMC8757148 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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19
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Farahmand F, Malik A, Sharma A, Bagchi AK, Singal PK. Role of oxidative stress versus lipids in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15090. [PMID: 34816616 PMCID: PMC8611258 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a global health issue with a prevalence of 10% in ages >65 years. Right heart failure (RHF) is the main cause of death in PH. We have previously shown that monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH and RHF are due to an increase in oxidative stress. In this study, probucol (PROB), a strong antioxidant with a lipid-lowering property, versus lovastatin (LOV), a strong lipid-lowering drug with some antioxidant effects, were evaluated for their effects on the MCT-induced RHF. Rats were treated (I.P.) with PROB (10 mg/kg ×12) or LOV (4 mg/kg ×12), daily 6 days before and 6 days after a single MCT injection (60 mg/kg). Serial echocardiography was performed and at 4-week post-MCT, lung wet-to-dry weight, hemodynamics, RV glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, lipid peroxidation, and myocardial as well as plasma lipids were examined. MCT increased RV systolic and diastolic pressures, wall thickness, RV end diastolic diameter, mortality, and decreased ejection fraction as well as pulmonary artery acceleration time. These changes were mitigated by PROB while LOV had no effect. Furthermore, PROB prevented lipid peroxidation, lowered lipids, and increased GSHPx and SOD in RV myocardium. LOV did decrease the lipids but had no effect on antioxidants and lipid peroxidation. A reduction in oxidative stress and not the lipid-lowering effect of PROB may explain the prevention of MCT-induced PH, RHF, and mortality. Thus targeting of oxidative stress as an adjuvant therapy is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akshi Malik
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesSt. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research CentreDepartment of Physiology and PathophysiologyRady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegCanada
| | - Anita Sharma
- Research and Graduate StudiesThompson Rivers UniversityKamloopsCanada
| | - Ashim K. Bagchi
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesSt. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research CentreDepartment of Physiology and PathophysiologyRady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegCanada
| | - Pawan K. Singal
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesSt. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research CentreDepartment of Physiology and PathophysiologyRady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegCanada
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20
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Teixeira RB, Karbasiafshar C, Sabra M, Abid MR. Optimization of mito-roGFP protocol to measure mitochondrial oxidative status in human coronary artery endothelial cells. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100753. [PMID: 34458871 PMCID: PMC8377591 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Endothelial cells (ECs) produce most ATP through glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation; thus mitochondrial ROS production is lower than in other cell types. This makes quantification of changes in EC mitochondrial oxidative status challenging. Here, we present an optimized protocol using mitochondrial-targeted adenovirus-based redox sensor for ratiometric quantification of specific changes in mitochondrial ROS in live human coronary artery EC. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Waypa et al. (2010); Liao et al. (2020); Gao et al. (2021). An optimized protocol for measuring mitochondrial oxidative status of primary HCAEC Use of mito-roGFP adenovirus transduction Live imaging using reducing and oxidizing factors Applicable to other types of murine and human cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane Brinck Teixeira
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Catherine Karbasiafshar
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Mohamed Sabra
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - M Ruhul Abid
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
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