1
|
Lim TYM, Jaladanki CK, Wong YH, Yogarajah T, Fan H, Chu JJH. Tanomastat exerts multi-targeted inhibitory effects on viral capsid dissociation and RNA replication in human enteroviruses. EBioMedicine 2024; 107:105277. [PMID: 39226680 PMCID: PMC11419895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global cyclical outbreaks of human enterovirus infections has positioned human enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) as a neurotropic virus of clinical importance. However, there remains a scarcity of internationally approved antivirals and vaccines. METHODS In pursuit of repurposing drugs for combating human enteroviruses, we employed a comprehensive pharmacophore- and molecular docking-based virtual screen targeting EV-A71 capsid protein VP1-4, 3C protease, and 3D polymerase proteins. Among 15 shortlisted ligand candidates, we dissected the inhibitory mechanism of Tanomastat in cell-based studies and evaluated its in vivo efficacy in an EV-A71-infected murine model. FINDINGS We demonstrated that Tanomastat exerts dose-dependent inhibition on EV-A71 replication, with comparable efficacy profiles in enterovirus species A, B, C, and D in vitro. Time-course studies suggested that Tanomastat predominantly disrupts early process(es) of the EV-A71 replication cycle. Mechanistically, live virus particle tracking and docking predictions revealed that Tanomastat specifically impedes viral capsid dissociation, potentially via VP1 hydrophobic pocket binding. Bypassing its inhibition on entry stages, we utilized EV-A71 replication-competent, 3Dpol replication-defective, and bicistronic IRES reporter replicons to show that Tanomastat also inhibits viral RNA replication, but not viral IRES translation. We further showed that orally administered Tanomastat achieved 85% protective therapeutic effect and alleviated clinical symptoms in EV-A71-infected neonatal mice. INTERPRETATION Our study establishes Tanomastat as a broad-spectrum anti-enterovirus candidate with promising pre-clinical efficacy, warranting further testing for potential therapeutic application. FUNDING MOE Tier 2 grants (MOE-T2EP30221-0005, R571-000-068-592, R571-000-076-515, R571-000-074-733) and A∗STARBiomedical Research Council (BMRC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Therese Yien May Lim
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chaitanya K Jaladanki
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix #07-01, 138671, Singapore
| | - Yi Hao Wong
- NUSMed Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, 117599, Singapore
| | - Thinesshwary Yogarajah
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Infectious Disease Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
| | - Hao Fan
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix #07-01, 138671, Singapore; Synthetic Biology Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, 117596, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUSMed Biosafety Level 3 Core Facility, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, 117599, Singapore; Infectious Disease Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos #06-05, 138673, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Feferbaum-Leite S, Santos IA, Grosche VR, da Silva GCD, Jardim ACG. Insights into enterovirus a-71 antiviral development: from natural sources to synthetic nanoparticles. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:334. [PMID: 37730918 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03660-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Enteroviruses are pathogens responsible for several diseases, being enterovirus A71 (EVA71) the second leading cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), especially in Asia-Pacific countries. HFMD is mostly common in infants and children, with mild symptoms. However, the disease can result in severe nervous system disorders in children as well as in immunosuppressed adults. The virus is highly contagious, and its transmission occurs via fecal-oral, oropharyngeal secretions, and fomites. The EVA71 burdens the healthy systems and economies around the world, however, up to date, there is no antiviral approved to treat infected individuals and the existent vaccines are not available or approved to be used worldwide. In this context, an extensive literature research was conducted to describe and summarize the recent advances in natural and/or synthetic compounds with antiviral activity against EVA71. The summarized data presented here might simply encourage the future studies in EVA71 antiviral development, by encouraging further research encompassing these compounds or even the application of the techniques and technologies to improve or produce new antiviral molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiraz Feferbaum-Leite
- Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Igor Andrade Santos
- Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Victória Riquena Grosche
- Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Sao Paulo State University, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Carolina Gomes Jardim
- Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Sao Paulo State University, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Recent advances in anti-coxsackievirus A16 viral drug research. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:97-117. [PMID: 36538291 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hand, foot and mouth disease, a childhood disorder caused by enteroviruses, is intermittently endemic in the Asia-Pacific region and endangers the lives of many infants and young children. Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) is one of the major pathogens causing hand, foot, and mouth disease on occasion, resulting in catastrophic neurological sequelae and patient death. Currently, no clinical interventions are available that completely block the CV-A16 infection. Therefore, research on anti-CV-A16 treatment continues to be a significant focus of interest. This report provides a detailed background on and an introduction to CV-A16; a description of the viral gene and protein structures and a summary of the current advances in pharmaceutical targets, drug research and other related areas.
Collapse
|
4
|
Leung AKC, Lam JM, Barankin B, Leong KF, Hon KL. Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Narrative Review. RECENT ADVANCES IN INFLAMMATION & ALLERGY DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 16:77-95. [PMID: 36284392 DOI: 10.2174/1570180820666221024095837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hand, foot, and mouth disease is a common viral disease in childhood. Because the disease has the potential to reach epidemic levels and mortality is high in some countries, early recognition of this disease is of paramount importance. OBJECTIVE This purpose of this article is to familiarize pediatricians with the clinical manifestations and management of hand, foot, and mouth disease. METHODS A search was conducted in February 2022 in PubMed Clinical Queries using the key term "hand, foot, and mouth disease". The search strategy included all clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews published within the past 10 years. Only papers published in English were included in this review. RESULTS Hand, foot, and mouth disease is characterized by a painful oral enanthem and asymptomatic exanthem on the palms and soles. Children younger than 5 years are most commonly affected. Hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by enterovirus A71 is more severe and has a higher rate of complications than that attributed to other viruses such as coxsackievirus A16. Circulatory failure secondary to myocardial impairment and neurogenic pulmonary edema secondary to brainstem damage are the main causes of death. Fortunately, the disease is usually benign and resolves in 7 to10 days without sequelae. Given the self-limited nature of most cases, treatment is mainly symptomatic and supportive. Intravenous immunoglobulin should be considered for the treatment of severe/complicated hand, foot, and mouth disease and has been recommended by several national and international guideline committees. Currently, there are no specific antiviral agents approved for the treatment of the disease. Drugs such as ribavirin, suramin, mulberroside C, aminothiazole analogs, and sertraline have emerged as potential candidates for the treatment of hand, foot, and mouth disease. Vaccination of susceptible individuals in high-risk areas and good personal hygiene are important preventative measures to combat the disease. CONCLUSION Familiarity of the disease including its atypical manifestations is crucial so that a correct diagnosis can be made, and appropriate treatment initiated. A timely diagnosis can help avoid contact with the affected individual and decrease the risk of an outbreak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K C Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joseph M Lam
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Dermatology and Skin Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Kin Fon Leong
- Pediatric Institute, Kuala Lumpur General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kam Lun Hon
- Department of Paediatrics, Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, and the Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kullappan M, Benedict BA, Rajajagadeesan A, Baskaran P, Periadurai ND, Ambrose JM, Gandhamaneni SH, Nakkella AK, Agarwal A, Veeraraghavan VP, Surapaneni KM. Ellagic Acid as a Potential Inhibitor against the Nonstructural Protein NS3 Helicase of Zika Virus: A Molecular Modelling Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2044577. [PMID: 36046457 PMCID: PMC9420600 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2044577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus is a member of the Flaviviridae family and genus Flavivirus, which has a phylogenetic relationship with spondweni virus. It spreads to humans through a mosquito bite. To identify potential inhibitors for the Zika virus with biosafety, we selected natural antiviral compounds isolated from plant sources and screened against NS3 helicase of the Zika virus. The enzymatic activity of the NS3 helicase is associated with the C-terminal region and is concerned with RNA synthesis and genome replication. It serves as a crucial target for the Zika virus. We carried out molecular docking for the target NS3 helicase against the selected 25 phytochemicals using AutoDock Vina software. Among the 25 plant compounds, we identified NS3 helicase-ellagic acid (-9.9 kcal/mol), NS3 helicase-hypericin (-9.8 kcal/mol), and NS3 helicase-pentagalloylglucose (-9.5 kcal/mol) as the best binding affinity compounds based on their binding energies. To understand the stability of these complexes, molecular dynamic simulations were executed and the trajectory analysis exposed that the NS3 helicase-ellagic acid complex possesses greater stability than the other two complexes such as NS3 helicase-hypericin and NS3 helicase-pentagalloylglucose. The ADMET property prediction of these compounds resulted in nontoxicity and noncarcinogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malathi Kullappan
- Department of Research, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai 600 123, India
| | - Balakrishnan Anna Benedict
- Department of Chemistry, Panimalar Institute of Technology, Poonamallee, Chennai, 600 123 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anusha Rajajagadeesan
- Department of Biochemistry, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai 600 123, India
| | - Padmasini Baskaran
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Chennai, 600 123 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nanthini Devi Periadurai
- Departments of Microbiology and Molecular Virology, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai 600 123, India
| | - Jenifer Mallavarpu Ambrose
- Department of Research, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai 600 123, India
| | - Sri Harshini Gandhamaneni
- Department of General Medicine, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Chennai, 600 123 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aruna Kumari Nakkella
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Dr. B R Ambedkar University, Etcherla, Srikakulam, 532 410 Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Alok Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Chinmaya Degree College, BHEL, Haridwar, 249403 Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Surapaneni
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Virology, Research, Clinical Skills & Simulation, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai, 600 123 Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu C, Wang H, Liu Z, Xu B, Li Z, Song P, Chao Z. Untargeted Metabolomics Coupled with Chemometrics for Leaves and Stem Barks of Dioecious Morus alba L. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020106. [PMID: 35208181 PMCID: PMC8874686 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The differences in metabolites in male and female individuals of dioecious Morus alba L. (Moraceae) are usually ignored and lack study. In the present study, 58 leaves and 61 stem barks from male and female individuals were analyzed by untargeted metabolomics via headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) coupled with chemometrics, including principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). A total of 66 and 44 metabolites were identified from leaves and stem barks, respectively. Four and eight differential metabolites among candidate metabolites in leaves and stem barks from male and female individuals were identified. Moreover, females possessed stronger antioxidant activity than males. This is the first report where untargeted metabolomics coupled with chemometrics was used to analyze the different metabolites and to discriminate the gender of leaves and stem barks of dioecious M. alba. It provided the basis for further study of M. alba and reference value for researching dioecious plants.
Collapse
|