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Gu W, Zeng Q, Wang X, Jasem H, Ma L. Acute Lung Injury and the NLRP3 Inflammasome. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:3801-3813. [PMID: 38887753 PMCID: PMC11182363 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s464838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) manifests through harm to the capillary endothelium and alveolar epithelial cells, arising from a multitude of factors, leading to scattered interstitial alterations, pulmonary edema, and subsequent acute hypoxic respiratory insufficiency. Acute lung injury (ALI), along with its more serious counterpart, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), carry a fatality rate that hovers around 30-40%. Its principal pathological characteristic lies in the unchecked inflammatory reaction. Currently, the main strategies for treating ALI are alleviation of inflammation and prevention of respiratory failure. Concerning the etiology of ALI, NLRP3 Inflammasome is essential to the body's innate immune response. The composition of this inflammasome complex includes NLRP3, the pyroptosis mediator ASC, and pro-caspase-1. Recent research has reported that the inflammatory response centered on NLRP3 inflammasomes plays a key part in inflammation in ALI, and may hence be a prospective candidate for therapeutic intervention. In the review, we present an overview of the ailment characteristics of acute lung injury along with the constitution and operation of the NLRP3 inflammasome within this framework. We also explore therapeutic strategies targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome to combat acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huthaifa Jasem
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Zhao L, Zhang Z, Li P, Gao Y, Shi Y. Bakuchiol regulates TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathways to protect against LPS-induced acute lung injury in vitro and in vivo. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3301-3312. [PMID: 37930390 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02813-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Bakuchiol (Bak) possesses a protective effect in acute lung injury (ALI). Nonetheless, the molecular processes that regulate the protective activity of Bak in ALI remain elusive. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rats and RLE-6TN cells were used as the ALI models in vivo and in vitro to investigate the function and mechanism of Bak. Rats were divided into four groups: control, LPS, LPS + Bak (30 mg/kg), and LPS + Bak (60 mg/kg). RLE-6TN cells were assigned into four groups: control, LPS, LPS + Bak (10 µM), and LPS + Bak (20 µM). Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) levels were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were quantified by ELISA. Apoptosis was analyzed by TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining and flow cytometry. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assayed to evaluate oxidative stress. In LPS-induced rats, Bak attenuated pathological injury, lung wet/dry weight ratio, MPO expression, and protein concentration and cell number in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Bak decreased the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in BALF. Bak reduced MDA content and 4-HNE expression, and increased SOD and GSH-Px activities in lung tissues. Bak also repressed pulmonary apoptosis by decreasing Bax expression and enhancing Bcl-2 expression. In LPS-treated RLE-6TN cells, Bak downregulated the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β and inhibited the protein expression of iNOS and COX2. Bak decreased MDA level and ROS production and increased SOD and GSH-Px activities. Bak also suppressed cell apoptosis, reduced Bax expression, and increased Bcl-2 expression. Moreover, Bak decreased the expression of TLR4, MyD88, p-IκBα, and p-p65. Additionally, Bak inhibited Keap1 expression and increased Nrf2 and HO-1 levels. Bak protects against LPS-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in ALI by regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengliang Zhang
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Road, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.
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Fagbohun OF, Thilakarathna WPDW, Zhou J, Lehmann C, Jiao G, Rupasinghe HPV. Sea Cucumber and Blueberry Extracts Suppress Inflammation and Reduce Acute Lung Injury through the Regulation of NF-κB/MAPK/JNK Signaling Pathway in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated C57BL/6 Mice. Molecules 2024; 29:1511. [PMID: 38611791 PMCID: PMC11013731 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) represents a life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality despite modern mechanical ventilators and multiple pharmacological strategies. Therefore, there is a need to develop efficacious interventions with minimal side effects. The anti-inflammatory activities of sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa) and wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) extracts have been reported recently. However, their anti-inflammatory activities and the mechanism of action against ALI are not fully elucidated. Thus, the present study aims to understand the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of sea cucumber and wild blueberry extracts in the context of ALI. Experimental ALI was induced via intranasal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instillation in C57BL/6 mice and the anti-inflammatory properties were determined by cytokine analysis, histological examination, western blot, and qRT-PCR. The results showed that oral supplementation of sea cucumber extracts repressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, thereby downregulating the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the lung tissue and in the plasma. Wild blueberry extracts also suppressed the expression of IL-4. Furthermore, the combination of sea cucumber and wild blueberry extracts restrained MAPK signaling pathways by prominent attenuation of phosphorylation of NF-κB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) while the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly suppressed. Moreover, there was a significant and synergistic reduction in varying degrees of ALI lesions such as distorted parenchyma, increased alveoli thickness, lymphocyte and neutrophil infiltrations, fibrin deposition, pulmonary emphysema, pneumonia, intra-alveolar hemorrhage, and edema. The anti-inflammatory effect of the combination of sea cucumber and wild blueberry extracts is associated with suppressing MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, thereby significantly reducing cytokine storm in LPS-induced experimental ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladapo F. Fagbohun
- Department Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada; (O.F.F.); (W.P.D.W.T.)
- Department of Biology, Center for Agriculture and Sciences, Wilmington College, 1870 Quaker Way, Wilmington, OH 45177, USA
| | - Wasitha P. D. W. Thilakarathna
- Department Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada; (O.F.F.); (W.P.D.W.T.)
| | - Juan Zhou
- Departments of Anaesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (J.Z.); (C.L.)
| | - Christian Lehmann
- Departments of Anaesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (J.Z.); (C.L.)
| | - Guangling Jiao
- Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Faculty of Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada;
| | - H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada; (O.F.F.); (W.P.D.W.T.)
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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Zeng Y, Xu G, Feng C, Cai D, Wu S, Liu Y, Chen Y, Ma W. Klotho inhibits the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome to alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory injury in A549 cells and restore mitochondrial function through SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2023; 66:335-344. [PMID: 37929344 DOI: 10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-23-00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury is a severe clinical condition constituting a major cause of mortality in intensive care units. This study aimed to investigate the role of klotho in alleviating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury. LPS-induced acute lung injury was used to simulate the acute lung injury caused by severe pneumonia in vitro. The viability and apoptosis of A549 cells were detected by cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry. The inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function in A549 cells were analyzed by commercial assay kits and 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl-benzimidazolyl carbocyanine iodide (JC-1) staining. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway-related proteins, and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) expression in A549 cells was detected by western blot. The mtDNA synthase level in A549 cells was analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that, klotho had no cytotoxic effect on A549 cells. The viability and mitochondrial function were inhibited and apoptosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress were aggravated in LPS-induced A549 cells, which were all reversed by klotho. Klotho activated the SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway to inhibit the LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in A549 cells. However, EX527, a SIRT1 inhibitor, attenuated the klotho effect to suppress viability and mitochondrial function and promoted apoptosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress of A549 cells. In conclusion, klotho inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome to alleviate LPS-induced inflammatory injury of A549 cells and restore mitochondrial function through activating the SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zeng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Congrui Feng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Danyan Cai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sizhi Wu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanling Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuluo Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Brasil FB, de Almeida FJS, Luckachaki MD, Dall'Oglio EL, de Oliveira MR. The C-glucosyl flavone isoorientin pretreatment attenuates the methylglyoxal-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells: role for the AMPK-PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/γ-GCL/GSH axis. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:437-452. [PMID: 35316449 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00966-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The reactive dicarbonyl methylglyoxal (MG) behaves as a pro-oxidant agent, causing redox dysfunction and cell death by different mechanisms in mammalian cells. MG is also a mitochondrial toxicant, impairing the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system and leading to bioenergetics and redox collapses. MG induces glycation and exerts an important role in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Isoorientin (ISO), a C-glucosyl flavone found in Aspalathus linearis, Fagopyrum esculentum, and Passiflora edulis, among others, is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule. ISO is a potent inducer of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the master modulator of the redox environment in mammals. We investigated here whether ISO would prevent the mitochondria-related redox and bioenergetics impairments induced by MG in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. The cells were administrated with ISO at 20 μM for 18 h prior to the exposure to MG at 500 μM for further 24 h. It was observed that ISO efficiently prevented the mitochondrial impairments caused by MG. ISO upregulated the activity of the enzyme γ-glutamate-cysteine ligase (γ-GCL), consequently stimulating the synthesis of glutathione (GSH). The inhibition of γ-GCL, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) suppressed the beneficial effects induced by ISO on the MG-challenged cells. Moreover, silencing of Nrf2 blocked the ISO-dependent γ-GCL and GSH upregulation and the effects on the mitochondria of the MG-challenged cells. Then, ISO caused mitochondrial protection by an AMPK-PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/γ-GCL/GSH-dependent manner in MG-administrated SH-SY5Y cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Bittencourt Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Campus Universitário de Rio das Ostras - Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fhelipe Jolner Souza de Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiaba, MT, Brazil
- Grupo de Estudos em Neuroquímica e Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Matheus Dargesso Luckachaki
- Grupo de Estudos em Neuroquímica e Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Evandro Luiz Dall'Oglio
- Grupo de Estudos em Neuroquímica e Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Grupo de Estudos em Neuroquímica e Neurobiologia de Moléculas Bioativas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Cuiaba, MT, CEP 78060-900, Brazil.
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