1
|
Álvaro-Martins MJ, Railean V, Martins F, Machuqueiro M, Pacheco R, Santos S. Synthesis and the In Vitro Evaluation of Antitumor Activity of Novel Thiobenzanilides. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041877. [PMID: 36838864 PMCID: PMC9963285 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a generic term for a large group of diseases that are the second-leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths in 2020. Melanoma is a highly aggressive skin tumor with an increasing incidence and poor prognosis in the metastatic stage. Breast cancer still stands as one of the major cancer-associated deaths among women, and diagnosed cases are increasing year after year worldwide. Despite the recent therapeutic advances for this type of cancer, novel drugs and treatment strategies are still urgently needed. In this paper, the synthesis of 18 thiobenzanilide derivatives (17 of them new) is described, and their cytotoxic potential against melanoma cells (A375) and hormone-dependent breast cancer (MCF-7) cells is evaluated using the MTT assay. In the A375 cell line, most of the tested thiobenzanilides derivatives showed EC50 values in the order of μM. Compound 17 was the most promising, with an EC50 (24 h) of 11.8 μM. Compounds 8 and 9 are also interesting compounds that deserve to be further improved. The MCF-7 cell line, on the other hand, was seen to be less susceptible to these thiobenzanilides indicating that these compounds show different selectivity towards skin and breast cancer cells. Compound 15 showed the highest cytotoxic potential for MCF-7 cells, with an EC50 (24 h) of 43 μM, a value within the range of the EC50 value determined for tamoxifen (30.0 μM). ADME predictions confirm the potential of the best compounds. Overall, this work discloses a new set of thiobenzanilides that are worth being considered as new scaffolds for the further development of anticancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Álvaro-Martins
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Violeta Railean
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filomena Martins
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Machuqueiro
- BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita Pacheco
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (S.S.); Tel.: +351-217-500-000 (ext. 28532) (R.P.); +351-217-500-000 (ext. 28513) (S.S.)
| | - Susana Santos
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (S.S.); Tel.: +351-217-500-000 (ext. 28532) (R.P.); +351-217-500-000 (ext. 28513) (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kale AD, Dalal DS. Catalyst‐ and Solvent‐Free Thioamidation of Aromatic Aldehydes through a Willgerodt‐Kindler Reaction. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arun D. Kale
- Department of Organic Chemistry School of Chemical Sciences Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University Jalgaon 425 001, MS India
| | - Dipak S. Dalal
- Department of Organic Chemistry School of Chemical Sciences Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University Jalgaon 425 001, MS India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pecyna P, Wargula J, Murias M, Kucinska M. More Than Resveratrol: New Insights into Stilbene-Based Compounds. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1111. [PMID: 32726968 PMCID: PMC7465418 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of a scaffold concerns many aspects at different steps on the drug development path. In medicinal chemistry, the choice of relevant "drug-likeness" scaffold is a starting point for the design of the structure dedicated to specific molecular targets. For many years, the chemical uniqueness of the stilbene structure has inspired scientists from different fields such as chemistry, biology, pharmacy, and medicine. In this review, we present the outstanding potential of the stilbene-based derivatives. Naturally occurring stilbenes, together with powerful synthetic chemistry possibilities, may offer an excellent approach for discovering new structures and identifying their therapeutic targets. With the development of scientific tools, sophisticated equipment, and a better understanding of the disease pathogenesis at the molecular level, the stilbene scaffold has moved innovation in science. This paper mainly focuses on the stilbene-based compounds beyond resveratrol, which are particularly attractive due to their biological activity. Given the "fresh outlook" about different stilbene-based compounds starting from stilbenoids with particular regard to isorhapontigenin and methoxy- and hydroxyl- analogues, the update about the combretastatins, and the very often overlooked and underestimated benzanilide analogues, we present a new story about this remarkable structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Pecyna
- Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Medical Sciences, Swiecickiego 4 Street, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Joanna Wargula
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6 Street, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marek Murias
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30 Street, 60-631 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Malgorzata Kucinska
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30 Street, 60-631 Poznan, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
The concept of a scaffold concerns many aspects at different steps on the drug development path. In medicinal chemistry, the choice of relevant "drug-likeness" scaffold is a starting point for the design of the structure dedicated to specific molecular targets. For many years, the chemical uniqueness of the stilbene structure has inspired scientists from different fields such as chemistry, biology, pharmacy, and medicine. In this review, we present the outstanding potential of the stilbene-based derivatives. Naturally occurring stilbenes, together with powerful synthetic chemistry possibilities, may offer an excellent approach for discovering new structures and identifying their therapeutic targets. With the development of scientific tools, sophisticated equipment, and a better understanding of the disease pathogenesis at the molecular level, the stilbene scaffold has moved innovation in science. This paper mainly focuses on the stilbene-based compounds beyond resveratrol, which are particularly attractive due to their biological activity. Given the "fresh outlook" about different stilbene-based compounds starting from stilbenoids with particular regard to isorhapontigenin and methoxy- and hydroxyl- analogues, the update about the combretastatins, and the very often overlooked and underestimated benzanilide analogues, we present a new story about this remarkable structure.
Collapse
|
5
|
Shimotori Y, Hoshi M, Ogawa N, Miyakoshi T, Kanamoto T. Synthesis, antibacterial activities, and sustained perfume release properties of optically active5-hydroxy- and 5-acetoxyalkanethioamide analogues. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2019-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract5-Acetoxy- and 5-hydroxyalkanethioamide analogues showed high antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial thioamides were prepared from 5-alkyl-δ-lactones by amidation, thionation, and subsequent deacetylation. Optically active thioamides with 99% diastereomeric excesses were prepared by diastereomeric resolution using Cbz-L-proline as the resolving agent. Antibacterial thioamides were slowly lactonized by a lipase catalyst. Therefore, these thioamides are potential sustained-release perfume compounds having antibacterial properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Shimotori
- School of Regional Innovation and Social Design Engineering, Kitami Institute of Technology, 165 Koen-cho, Kitami, Hokkaido090-8507, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hoshi
- School of Regional Innovation and Social Design Engineering, Kitami Institute of Technology, 165 Koen-cho, Kitami, Hokkaido090-8507, Japan
| | - Narihito Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science of Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashi-mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki214-8571Japan
| | - Tetsuo Miyakoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science of Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashi-mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki214-8571Japan
| | - Taisei Kanamoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida194-8543, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kale AD, Tayade YA, Mahale SD, Patil RD, Dalal DS. Willgerodt-Kindler reaction at room temperature: Synthesis of thioamides from aromatic aldehydes and cyclic secondary amines. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
7
|
The role of oxidative stress in 63 T-induced cytotoxicity against human lung cancer and normal lung fibroblast cell lines. Invest New Drugs 2018; 37:849-864. [PMID: 30498945 PMCID: PMC6736908 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0704-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown previously that molecules built on benzanilide and thiobenzanilide scaffolds possess differential biological properties including selective anticancer activity. In our previous study, we examined the cytotoxic activity and mechanism of action of the thiobenzanilide derivative N,N′-(1,2-phenylene)bis3,4,5–trifluorobenzothioamide (63 T) as a potential chemotherapeutic compound in an experimental model employing A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells and CCD39Lu non-tumorigenic lung fibroblasts. Since the results suggested oxidative stress as a co-existing mechanism of the cytotoxic effect exerted by 63 T on tested cells, studies involving the analysis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and markers of oxidative stress in cells incubated with 63 T were carried out. It may be concluded that the selective activity of 63 T against cancer cells shown in our experiments is caused, at least in part, by the response of the tested cells to 63 T mediated oxidative stress in both tested cell lines.
Collapse
|
8
|
Sulfated polyborate catalyzed Kindler reaction: a rapid, efficient, and green protocol. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-1944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
9
|
Li X, Pan Q, Hu R, Wang X, Yang Z, Han S. S8-Mediated One-Pot Synthesis of Thioamides from Benzyl Chlorides and Amines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Pan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 P. R. China
| | - Renhe Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 P. R. China
| | - Zhao Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 P. R. China
| | - Shiqing Han
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; CAS; Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kucinska M, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Lisiak N, Kaczmarek M, Dams-Kozlowska H, Granig WH, Höferl M, Jäger W, Zehl M, Murias M, Erker T. Selective anticancer activity of the novel thiobenzanilide 63T against human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 37:148-161. [PMID: 27660182 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previously, it has been reported that molecules built on the benzanilide and thiobenzanilide scaffold are the promising groups of compounds with several biological activities including antifungal, antimycotic, antibacterial, spasmolytic, and anticancer ones. In this study the mechanism of action of one selected thiobenzanilide derivative N,N'-(1,2-phenylene)bis3,4,5-trifluorobenzothioamide (63T) with strongest cytotoxic activity has been investigated for the first time in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and normal lung derived fibroblast (CCD39Lu) in a cell culture model. The results demonstrated, that 63T can be considered a selective anticancer compound. Based on these results, several experiments including the analysis of cellular morphology, cell phase distribution, cytoplasmic histone-associated DNA fragmentation, apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy detection were performed to understand better the mechanism underlying the anticancer activity. The data showed that 63T is a small molecule compound, which selectively induces cancer cell death in a caspase independent pathway; moreover, the autophagic dose-dependent processes may be involved in the mechanism of cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Kucinska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Natalia Lisiak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Hanna Dams-Kozlowska
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland; Department of Diagnostics and Cancer Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Walter H Granig
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Höferl
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Zehl
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Marek Murias
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Thomas Erker
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Novel Promising Estrogenic Receptor Modulators: Cytotoxic and Estrogenic Activity of Benzanilides and Dithiobenzanilides. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0145615. [PMID: 26730945 PMCID: PMC4701221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of 27 benzanilides and dithiobenzanilides built on a stilbene scaffold and possessing various functional groups in aromatic rings previously described for their spasmolytic properties was assayed on three human cancer cell lines (A549 –lung adenocarcinoma, MCF-7 estrogen dependent breast adenocarcinoma and MDA-MB-231 estrogen independent breast adenocarcinoma) and 2 non-tumorigenic cell lines (CCD39Lu–lung fibroblasts, MCF-12A - breast epithelial). Three compounds (6, 15 and 18) showed selective antiproliferative activity against estrogen dependent MCF-7 cancer cells and their estrogenic activity was further confirmed in MCF-7 transfected with an estrogen receptor reporter plasmid and in HEK239 cells over-expressing the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Compound 18 is especially interesting as a potential candidate for therapy since it is highly toxic and selective towards estrogen dependent MCF7 cell lines (IC50 = 5.07 μM versus more than 100 μM for MDA-MB-231) and almost innocuous for normal breast cells (IC50 = 91.46 μM for MCF-12A). Docking studies have shown that compound 18 interacts with the receptor in the same cavity as estradiol although the extra aromatic ring is involved in additional binding interactions with residue W383. The role of W383 and the extended binding mode were confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis.
Collapse
|
12
|
Brunhofer-Bolzer G, Gabriel M, Studenik CR, Erker T. Discovery of small molecules with vasodilating characteristics and adjustable hydrolytic behavior. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:4710-4718. [PMID: 26072172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this contribution the development of a new class of vasodilating compounds obtained by lead structure optimization is described. Three groups of compounds were synthesized and tested for their activity on various smooth muscle preparations of the guinea pig. Beside the lead compound 3a, the most interesting derivative was 1H-imidazole-1-carbothioic acid O-cyclohexyl ester hydrochloride (5b) with a good selective vasodilating potential on aorta and pulmonary artery rings (EC50 14 μM and 24 μM, respectively). Due to the properties of small molecules the hydrolysis behavior of the compounds can be easily adapted hence opening a new route in terms of duration of the agent's effect. With the aid of structure-activity relationship studies, structural motifs influencing the biological activity on isolated smooth muscle cell preparations of the synthesized compounds were proposed. The presented compounds offer good tools in identifying promising molecules as emergency therapy in myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerda Brunhofer-Bolzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mario Gabriel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R Studenik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Erker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|