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Nemade SM, Kakad SP, Kshirsagar SJ, Padole TR. Development of nanoemulsion of antiviral drug for brain targeting in the treatment of neuro-AIDS. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00319-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Delivery of drugs via the nasal route directly to the brain utilizing the olfactory pathway is purportedly known to be a more efficient method to deliver neuro-therapeutics to the brain by circumventing the BBB, thereby increasing the bioavailability of these drugs in the brain. The main objective of the project work is to improve the bioavailability of the antiretroviral drug and to minimize the side effects of this therapy which are observed at the higher side in the chronic HIV treatment. The advantage of nasal drug delivery is its noninvasiveness and self-administration. Nanoformulation provides fast onset of action and helps to achieve site-specific delivery. In the current work, nanoemulsion formulation was developed with a ternary phase system. In vitro characterization of nanoemulsion was performed.
Result
Optimized batch B2 had a zeta potential of − 18.7 mV showing a stable emulsion system and a particle size of 156.2 nmin desirable size range. Batch B2 has the least variation in globule size with PDI 0.463. Results from ex vivo studies revealed that developed nanoemulsion (B2) possessed a higher rate of drug release compared to other formulations.
Conclusion
Phase diagrams indicated more width of the nanoemulsion region with an increase in surfactant ratio. Stable nanoemulsion was prepared with a combination of surfactant and co-surfactants. Nanoemulsions could prove one of the best alternatives for brain delivery of potent medications.
Graphical Abstract
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Olojede SO, Lawal SK, Faborode OS, Dare A, Aladeyelu OS, Moodley R, Rennie CO, Naidu EC, Azu OO. Testicular ultrastructure and hormonal changes following administration of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-loaded silver nanoparticle in type-2 diabetic rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9633. [PMID: 35688844 PMCID: PMC9187647 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive dysfunctions (RDs) characterized by impairment in testicular parameters, and metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are on the rise among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients under tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). These adverse effects require a nanoparticle delivery system to circumvent biological barriers and ensure adequate ARVDs to viral reservoir sites like testis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TDF-loaded silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), TDF-AgNPs on sperm quality, hormonal profile, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and testicular ultrastructure in diabetic rats, a result of which could cater for the neglected reproductive and metabolic dysfunctions in HIV therapeutic modality. Thirty-six adult Sprague–Dawley rats were assigned to diabetic and non-diabetic (n = 18). T2DM was induced by fructose-streptozotocin (Frt-STZ) rat model. Subsequently, the rats in both groups were subdivided into three groups each (n = 6) and administered distilled water, TDF, and TDF-AgNP. In this study, administration of TDF-AgNP to diabetic rats significantly reduced (p < 0.05) blood glucose level (268.7 ± 10.8 mg/dL) from 429 ± 16.9 mg/dL in diabetic control and prevented a drastic reduction in sperm count and viability. More so, TDF-AgNP significantly increased (p < 0.05) Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (1114.3 ± 112.6 µg), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (13.2 ± 1.5 IU/L), Luteinizing Hormone (140.7 ± 15.2 IU/L), testosterone (0.2 ± 0.02 ng/L), and IGF-1 (1564.0 ± 81.6 ng/mL) compared to their respective diabetic controls (383.4 ± 63.3, 6.1 ± 1.2, 76.1 ± 9.1, 0.1 ± 0.01, 769.4 ± 83.7). Also, TDF-AgNP treated diabetic rats presented an improved testicular architecture marked with the thickened basement membrane, degenerated Sertoli cells, spermatogenic cells, and axoneme. This study has demonstrated that administration of TDF-AgNPs restored the function of hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal axis, normalized the hormonal profile, enhanced testicular function and structure to alleviate reproductive dysfunctions in diabetic rats. This is the first study to conjugate TDF with AgNPs and examined its effects on reproductive indices, local gonadal factor and testicular ultrastructure in male diabetic rats with the potential to cater for neglected reproductive dysfunction in HIV therapeutic modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Oluwaseun Olojede
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 719 Umbilo Road, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Sodiq Kolawole Lawal
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 719 Umbilo Road, Durban, South Africa
| | - Oluwaseun Samuel Faborode
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bingham University, Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
| | - Ayobami Dare
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Okikioluwa Stephen Aladeyelu
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 719 Umbilo Road, Durban, South Africa
| | - Roshila Moodley
- The Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Carmen Olivia Rennie
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 719 Umbilo Road, Durban, South Africa
| | - Edwin Coleridge Naidu
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 719 Umbilo Road, Durban, South Africa
| | - Onyemaechi Okpara Azu
- Department of Human, Biological & Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Namibia, Hage Geingob Campus, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia
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Optimizing the Design of Blood-Brain Barrier-Penetrating Polymer-Lipid-Hybrid Nanoparticles for Delivering Anticancer Drugs to Glioblastoma. Pharm Res 2021; 38:1897-1914. [PMID: 34655006 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03122-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemotherapy for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains ineffective due to insufficient penetration of therapeutic agents across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and into the GBM tumor. Herein, is described, the optimization of the lipid composition and fabrication conditions for a BBB- and tumor penetrating terpolymer-lipid-hybrid nanoparticle (TPLN) for delivering doxorubicin (DOX) to GBM. METHODS The composition of TPLNs was first screened using different lipids based on nanoparticle properties and in vitro cytotoxicity by using 23 full factorial experimental design. The leading DOX loaded TPLNs (DOX-TPLN) were prepared by further optimization of conditions and used to study cellular uptake mechanisms, in vitro cytotoxicity, three-dimensional (3D) glioma spheroid penetration, and in vivo biodistribution in a murine orthotopic GBM model. RESULTS Among various lipids studied, ethyl arachidate (EA) was found to provide excellent nanoparticle properties e.g., size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and colloidal stability, and highest anticancer efficacy for DOX-TPLN. Further optimized EA-based TPLNs were prepared with an optimal particle size (103.8 ± 33.4 nm) and PDI (0.208 ± 0.02). The resultant DOX-TPLNs showed ~ sevenfold higher efficacy than free DOX against human GBM U87-MG-RED-FLuc cells in vitro. The interaction between the TPLNs and the low-density lipoprotein receptors also facilitated cellular uptake, deep penetration into 3D glioma spheroids, and accumulation into the in vivo brain tumor regions of DOX-TPLNs. CONCLUSION This work demonstrated that the TPLN system can be optimized by rational selection of lipid type, lipid content, and preparation conditions to obtain DOX-TPLN with enhanced anticancer efficacy and GBM penetration and accumulation.
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Jounaki K, Makhmalzadeh BS, Feghhi M, Heidarian A. Topical ocular delivery of vancomycin loaded cationic lipid nanocarriers as a promising and non-invasive alternative approach to intravitreal injection for enhanced bacterial endophthalmitis management. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 167:105991. [PMID: 34517103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Vancomycin (VCM) is a drug of choice for treating infections caused by Staphylococcus species, reported being the most causative agent of bacterial endophthalmitis. However, the ocular bioavailability of topically applied VCM is low due to its high molecular weight and hydrophilicity. The current study sought to explore whether the nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) fabricated via cold homogenization technique could improve ocular penetration and prolong the ophthalmic residence of VCM. A 23 full factorial design was adopted to evaluate the influence of different process and formulation variables on VCM-loaded NLC formulae. The optimized formula with the particle size of 96.4 ± 0.71 nm and narrow size distribution showed spherical morphology obtained by AFM and represented sustained drug release up to 67% in 48 h fitted to the Korsmeyer-Peppas model with probably non-Fickian diffusion kinetic. FTIR studies visualized the drug-carrier interactions in great detail. High encapsulation of VCM (74.8 ± 4.3% w/w) in NLC has been established in DSC and PXRD analysis. The optimal positively charged (+ 29.7 ± 0.47 mV) colloidal dispersion was also stable for 12 weeks at both 4 °C and 25 °C. According to in vivo studies, incorporation of VCM in NLC resulted in a nearly 3-fold increase in the intravitreal concentration of VCM after eye-drop instillation over control groups. Besides, microbiological evaluation admitted its therapeutic effect within five days is comparable to intravitreal injection of VCM. Further, the optimized formula was found to be nonirritant and safe for ophthalmic administration in RBC hemolytic assay. Also, fluorescent tracking of NLCs on rabbit's cornea showed an increase in corneal penetration of nanoparticles. Thus, it is possible to infer that the evolved NLCs are promising drug delivery systems with superior attainments for enhanced Vancomycin ophthalmic delivery to the eye's posterior segment and improved bacterial endophthalmitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Jounaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Behzad Sharif Makhmalzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Feghhi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Asghar Heidarian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Abstract
Despite cancer nanomedicine celebrates already thirty years since its introduction, together with the achievements and progress in cancer treatment area, it still undergoes serious disadvantages that must be addressed. Since the first observation that macromolecules tend to accumulate in tumor tissue due to fenestrated endothelial of vasculature, considered as the “royal gate” in drug delivery field, more than dozens of nanoformulations have been approved and introduced into the practice for cancer treatment. Lipid, polymeric, and hybrid nanocarriers are biocompatible nano-drug delivery systems (NDDs) having suitable physicochemical properties and modulate payload release in response to specific chemical or physical stimuli. Biopharmaceutical properties of NDDs and their efficacy in animal models and humans can significantly affect their impact and perspective in nanomedicine. One of the future directions could be focusing on personalized cancer treatment, considering the heterogeneity and complexity of each patient tumor tissue and the designing of multifunctional targeted NDDs combining synthetic nanomaterials and biological components, like cellular membranes, circulating proteins, RNAi/DNAi, which enforce the efficacy of NDDs and boost their therapeutic effect.
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Exploring micellar-based polymeric systems for effective nose-to-brain drug delivery as potential neurotherapeutics. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 10:1019-1031. [PMID: 31858442 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00702-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive nose-to-brain delivery presents a competitive strategy for effective drug targeting. This strategy can potentially evade the blood-brain barrier (BBB) depending on the pathway the drug and/or drug/micelle composite travels, thereby allowing direct drug delivery to the brain. This delivery strategy was employed for lurasidone, a clinically USFDA-approved neurotherapeutic molecule in bipolar disorders and schizophrenia treatments. The aim of this study was to develop mixed polymeric micelles of lurasidone HCl (LH) for targeted brain delivery via intranasal route. Lurasidone HCl-loaded mixed micelles (LHMM) were prepared by solvent evaporation method and optimized by 32 factorial design to quantify the effects of excipients on micelle size and entrapment efficiency. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy helped in scrutinizing drug-excipient interactions whereas transmission electron microscopy images showed particle size and shape. Further, LHMM and LHMM hydrogel were evaluated for in vitro diffusion, histopathology, ex vivo permeation, in vivo pharmacokinetics and stability studies. Optimized LHMM exhibited 175 nm particle size and 97.8% entrapment efficiency with improved in vitro drug diffusion (81%). LHMM hydrogel showed 79% ex vivo drug permeation without any significant signs of nasociliary toxicity to sheep nasal mucosa. Single dose in vivo pharmacokinetic studies showed improved therapeutic concentration of drug in the brain post intranasal administration with 9.5 ± 0.21 μg/mL Cmax and T1/2 of 19.1 ± 0.08 h as compared to pure drug. LHMM, when administered by intranasal route, demonstrated significant increase in the drug targeting efficiency as well as potential (%DTE and %DTP) of drug as compared to pure lurasidone. Thus, nanosized mixed micelles were useful in effective brain delivery of lurasidone HCl via intranasal route. Graphical abstract.
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Conventional Nanosized Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Applications. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1295:3-27. [PMID: 33543453 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-58174-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clinical responses and tolerability of conventional nanocarriers (NCs) are sometimes different from those expected in anticancer therapy. Thus, new smart drug delivery systems (DDSs) with stimuli-responsive properties and novel materials have been developed. Several clinical trials demonstrated that these DDSs have better clinical therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of many cancers than free drugs. Composition of DDSs and their surface properties increase the specific targeting of therapeutics versus cancer cells, without affecting healthy tissues, and thus limiting their toxicity versus unspecific tissues. Herein, an extensive revision of literature on NCs used as DDSs for cancer applications has been performed using the available bibliographic databases.
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Martin-Illana A, Cazorla-Luna R, Notario-Pérez F, Ruiz-Caro R, Bedoya LM, Veiga-Ochoa MD, Rubio J, Tamayo A. Amino Functionalized Micro-Mesoporous Hybrid Particles for the Sustained Release of the Antiretroviral Drug Tenofovir. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3494. [PMID: 32784712 PMCID: PMC7476006 DOI: 10.3390/ma13163494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The sustained release of an antiretroviral agent to women mucosa has been proved as an excellent strategy to reduce the sexual transmission of HIV. Hybrid micro-mesoporous particles have been synthesized and functionalized with a silane coupling agent followed by loading the antiretroviral tenofovir. It has been observed that the disposition of the silane molecule on the surface of the particles determines the interaction mechanism with the antiretroviral molecule loaded independently on the surface area of the particles. In this sense, available and free amino groups are required to achieve a smart pH-responsive material, a condition that is only achieved in those materials containing a silane chemisorbed monolayer. Moreover, the modulation of the release kinetics attributed to the presence of the silane monolayer covering the mesopores has been confirmed by fitting the releasing curves to the first order and Weibull models. The developed micro-mesoporous particles have been demonstrated to be excellent smart-release vehicles for antiviral agents and can be safely used in polymer mucoadhesive vaginal gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Martin-Illana
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s.n, 28007 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-I.); (R.C.-L.); (F.N.-P.); (R.R.-C.); (M.D.V.-O.)
| | - Raul Cazorla-Luna
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s.n, 28007 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-I.); (R.C.-L.); (F.N.-P.); (R.R.-C.); (M.D.V.-O.)
| | - Fernando Notario-Pérez
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s.n, 28007 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-I.); (R.C.-L.); (F.N.-P.); (R.R.-C.); (M.D.V.-O.)
| | - Roberto Ruiz-Caro
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s.n, 28007 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-I.); (R.C.-L.); (F.N.-P.); (R.R.-C.); (M.D.V.-O.)
| | - Luis Miguel Bedoya
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s.n, 28007 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Maria Dolores Veiga-Ochoa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s.n, 28007 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-I.); (R.C.-L.); (F.N.-P.); (R.R.-C.); (M.D.V.-O.)
| | - Juan Rubio
- Institute of Ceramics and Glass, CSIC, Kelsen 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Aitana Tamayo
- Institute of Ceramics and Glass, CSIC, Kelsen 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
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Gurumukhi VC, Bari SB. Fabrication of efavirenz loaded nano-formulation using quality by design (QbD) based approach: Exploring characterizations and in vivo safety. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Inhalable hybrid nanocarriers for respiratory disorders. TARGETING CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY LUNG DISEASES USING ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS 2020. [PMCID: PMC7499343 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-820658-4.00013-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Rapid advancements in the field of drug delivery lead to increased use of inhalable formulations as they are cost effective, noninvasive, and targeted and have less systemic side effects and above all better patient compliance. Development of inhalable hybrid systems has offered manifold advantages to this area of drug delivery. Inclusion of polymer and lipid, inorganic and organic substances, and metallic nanoparticles all of them aim to achieve codelivery of drugs which are incompatible in single phase systems. The recent progress in nanotechnology has gained momentum toward delivery of siRNA and miRNA and vaccines to the targeted site. The present work is an attempt to compile all the hybrid and inhalable systems to give readers an overview toward this delivery system as much more work is needed in this field to achieve better resolution of inflammatory disorders.
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Sarma A, Das MK. Nose to brain delivery of antiretroviral drugs in the treatment of neuroAIDS. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2020; 1:15. [PMID: 34765998 PMCID: PMC7725542 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-020-00019-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
NeuroAIDS (Neuro Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) or HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) associated neuronal abnormality is continuing to be a significant health issue among AIDS patients even under the treatment of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Injury and damage to neurons of the brain are the prime causes of neuroAIDS, which happens due to the ingress of HIV by direct permeation across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or else via peripherally infected macrophage into the central nervous system (CNS). The BBB performs as a stringent barricade for the delivery of therapeutics drugs. The intranasal route of drug administration exhibits as a non-invasive technique to bypass the BBB for the delivery of antiretroviral drugs and other active pharmaceutical ingredients inside the brain and CNS. This method is fruitful for the drugs that are unable to invade the BBB to show its action in the CNS and thus erase the demand of systemic delivery and thereby shrink systemic side effects. Drug delivery from the nose to the brain/CNS takes very less time through both olfactory and trigeminal nerves. Intranasal delivery does not require the involvement of any receptor as it occurs by an extracellular route. Nose to brain delivery also involves nasal associated lymphatic tissues (NALT) and deep cervical lymph nodes. However, very little research has been done to explore the utility of nose to brain delivery of antiretroviral drugs in the treatment of neuroAIDS. This review focuses on the potential of nasal route for the effective delivery of antiretroviral nanoformulations directly from nose to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Sarma
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam 786004 India.,Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam 781026 India
| | - Malay K Das
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam 786004 India
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Palagati S, Sv S, Kesavan BR. Application of computational tools for the designing of Oleuropein loaded nanostructured lipid carrier for brain targeting through nasal route. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 27:695-708. [PMID: 31768896 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Meningitis is an inflammation of meninges encircled the brain and spinal cord. Currently it can be treated with second generation cephalosporins which were ended up with an unresolvable problem called Multi Drug Resistance (MDR). Hence, there is a need to develop a better herbal molecule to conflict the MDR. METHODS Hot Blanching technique followed by ultra sound assisted extraction using bio-solvent aqueous glycerol was used to extract OLE from olive leaves. QbD tool was applied to predict the interactions between Critical Material Attributes (Ratio of solid Lipid X1, Concentration of Surfactant X2) and Critical Process Parameters (Homogenization Time X3) on Critical Quality Attributes (CQA, Particle Size Y1, Zeta Potential Y2, and Entrapment Efficiency Y3). Particulate characteristics were evaluated and Invivo pharmacokinetic study was done in albino Wistar rats by IV and IN route of administration. RESULTS Thermal studies reflect the formation of low ordered crystalline structure of lipid matrix which offers higher encapsulation of drug in NLC than physical mixture. CMA and CPP show significant effect on CQA and method operable design range was developed. Histo-pathological studies confirms that there is no signs of toxicity and in-vitro drug release studies reveals a rapid release of a drug initially followed by prolonged release of oleuropein upto 24 h. The absolute bioavailability of drug loaded NLC in brain was higher in IN route compared to NLC administered by IV route. CONCLUSIONS In a nutshell, challenges offered by the hydrophilic OLE for brain targeting can be minimized through lipidic nature of NLC. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sucharitha Palagati
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, 515001, India.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Venkateswara College of Pharmacy, RVS Nagar, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, 517127, India.
| | - Satyanarayana Sv
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, 515001, India
| | - Bhaskar Reddy Kesavan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Centre for Nanotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Pharmacy, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, 517127, India
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Bazzo GC, Mostafa D, França MT, Pezzini BR, Stulzer HK. How tenofovir disoproxil fumarate can impact on solubility and dissolution rate of efavirenz? Int J Pharm 2019; 570:118597. [PMID: 31401297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Efavirenz (EFZ) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) can be used simultaneously in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type1 infection. In this work the impact of TDF, a hydrophilic drug, on the solubility and dissolution rate of EFZ, a poorly water-soluble drug, was evaluated. EFZ/TDF binary mixtures in different molar ratios were prepared. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results indicate the formation of a eutectic mixture, the molar ratio of 65/35 being the eutectic point. It was observed an increase in the EFZ solubility in water and acidic conditions (0.1 N HCl and biorelevant medium), in the presence of TDF. On the other hand, there was a decreasing on EFZ solubility in phosphate buffer pH 6.8, probably influenced by the lower solubility of TDF in this medium. The high solubility of TDF in water and acidic medium may have contributed to improve the solubility of EFZ, as well as the formation of a eutectic mixture, supported by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. However, TDF solubility and dissolution rate was not significantly influenced by the presence of EFZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Carolina Bazzo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Dina Mostafa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria Terezinha França
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Bianca Ramos Pezzini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Hellen Karine Stulzer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Improved efficacy of naproxen-loaded NLC for temporomandibular joint administration. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11160. [PMID: 31371737 PMCID: PMC6673697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47486-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory conditions of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and peripheral tissues affect many people around the world and are commonly treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, in order to get desirable results, treatments with NSAIDs may take weeks, causing undesirable side effects and requiring repeated administration. In this sense, this work describes the development of an optimized nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) formulation for intra-articular administration of naproxen (NPX). An experimental design (23) selected the best formulation in terms of its physicochemical and structural properties, elucidated by different methods (DLS, NTA, TEM, DSC, and ATR-FTIR). The chosen formulation (NLC-NPX) was tested on acute inflammatory TMJ nociception, in a rat model. The optimized excipients composition provided higher NPX encapsulation efficiency (99.8%) and the nanoparticles were found stable during 1 year of storage at 25 °C. In vivo results demonstrated that the sustained delivery of NPX directly in the TMJ significantly reduced leukocytes migration and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), for more than a week. These results point out the NLC-NPX formulation as a promising candidate for the safe treatment of inflammatory pain conditions of TMJ or other joints.
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Grande F, Ioele G, Occhiuzzi MA, De Luca M, Mazzotta E, Ragno G, Garofalo A, Muzzalupo R. Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Nanosystems Designed for Drug Stability and Controlled Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E197. [PMID: 31035595 PMCID: PMC6572254 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11050197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An in-depth analysis of nanotechnology applications for the improvement of solubility, distribution, bioavailability and stability of reverse transcriptase inhibitors is reported. Current clinically used nucleoside and non-nucleoside agents, included in combination therapies, were examined in the present survey, as drugs belonging to these classes are the major component of highly active antiretroviral treatments. The inclusion of such agents into supramolecular vesicular systems, such as liposomes, niosomes and lipid solid NPs, overcomes several drawbacks related to the action of these drugs, including drug instability and unfavorable pharmacokinetics. Overall results reported in the literature show that the performances of these drugs could be significantly improved by inclusion into nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Ioele
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Maria Antonietta Occhiuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Michele De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Mazzotta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Gaetano Ragno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Antonio Garofalo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Rita Muzzalupo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
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Patil SS, Kumbhar DD, Manwar JV, Jadhao RG, Bakal RL, Wakode S. Ultrasound-Assisted Facile Synthesis of Nanostructured Hybrid Vesicle for the Nasal Delivery of Indomethacin: Response Surface Optimization, Microstructure, and Stability. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:97. [PMID: 30694405 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This work is devoted to design a novel nanostructured hybrid vesicle (NHV) made of lecithin and an acrylate/C10-C30 alkyl acrylate for the nasal delivery of a model active indomethacin (IND), and further to probe its microstructure, intermolecular interactions, drug release behavior, ex vivo permeation, and stability. NHVs were prepared by cavitation technology employing RSM-based central composite design (CCD). Amount of lecithin (X1), power of ultrasound (X2), and sonication time (X3) were selected as three independent variables while the studied response included Z-Avg (nm), polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (mV). The designed system (NHV) was investigated through dynamic (DLS) and electrophoretic light scattering (ELS), attenuated total reflectance (ATR-FTIR), oscillatory measurement (stress and frequency sweep), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). CCD was found useful in optimizing NHV. An optimized formulation (S6) had Z-Avg 80 nm, PDI 0.2, and zeta potential of - 43.26 mV. Morphology investigation revealed spherical vesicles with smaller TEM diameters (the largest particle being 52.26 nm). ATR analysis demonstrated significant intermolecular interactions among the drug (IND) and the components of vesicles. The designed vesicles had an elastic predominance and displayed supercase II (n > 1) type of drug release. Besides, the vesicles possessed potential to transport IND across the nasal mucosa with the steady-state flux (μg/cm2/h) and permeability coefficient (cm/h) of 26.61 and 13.30 × 10-3, respectively. NHV exhibited an exceptional stability involving a combination of electrostatic and steric interactions while the histopathology investigation confirmed their safety for nasal administration.
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Huang Q, Cai T, Li Q, Huang Y, Liu Q, Wang B, Xia X, Wang Q, Whitney JCC, Cole SPC, Cai Y. Preparation of psoralen polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles and their reversal of multidrug resistance in MCF-7/ADR cells. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:1056-1066. [PMID: 29695174 PMCID: PMC6058723 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1464084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the leading cause of failure for breast cancer in the clinic. Thus far, polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLN) loaded chemotherapeutic agents has been used to overcome MDR in breast cancer. In this study, we prepared psoralen polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PSO-PLN) to reverse drug resistant MCF-7/ADR cells in vitro and in vivo. PSO-PLN was prepared by the emulsification evaporation-low temperature solidification method. The formulation, water solubility and bioavailability, particle size, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency, and in vitro release experiments were optimized in order to improve the activity of PSO to reverse MDR. Optimal formulation: soybean phospholipids 50 mg, poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) 15 mg, PSO 3 mg, and Tween-80 1%. The PSO-PLN possessed a round appearance, uniform size, exhibited no adhesion. The average particle size was 93.59 ± 2.87 nm, the dispersion co-efficient was 0.249 ± 0.06, the zeta potential was 25.47 ± 2.84 mV. In vitro analyses revealed that PSO resistance index was 3.2, and PSO-PLN resistance index was 5.6, indicating that PSO-PLN versus MCF-7/ADR reversal effect was significant. Moreover, PSO-PLN is somewhat targeted to the liver, and has an antitumor effect in the xenograft model of drug-resistant MCF-7/ADR cells. In conclusion, PSO-PLN not only reverses MDR but also improves therapeutic efficiency by enhancing sustained release of PSO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiange Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qianwen Li
- Guangzhou Guoyu Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinghong Huang
- Guangzhou Guoyu Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Liu
- GuangzhouJiayuan Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingyue Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Xia
- GuangzhouJiayuan Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- GuangzhouJiayuan Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - John C. C. Whitney
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Susan P. C. Cole
- Division of Cancer Biology & Genetics, Queen’s University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
| | - Yu Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Cancer Research Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Ribeiro LNDM, Franz-Montan M, Breitkreitz MC, Rodrigues da Silva GH, de Castro SR, Guilherme VA, de Araújo DR, de Paula E. Nanohybrid hydrogels designed for transbuccal anesthesia. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:6453-6463. [PMID: 30410331 PMCID: PMC6198882 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s180080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local anesthesia in dentistry is by far the most terrifying procedure for patients, causing treatment interruption. None of the commercially available topical formulations is effective in eliminating the pain and phobia associated to the needle insertion and injection. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this work we prepared a nanostructured lipid-biopolymer hydrogel for the sustained delivery of lidocaine-prilocaine (LDC-PLC) for transbuccal pre-anesthesia. The lipid was composed of optimized nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) loaded with 5% LDC-PLC (NLC/LDC-PLC). The biopolymer counterpart was selected among alginate, xanthan (XAN), and chitosan matrices. The XAN-NLC hydrogel presented the most uniform aspect and pseudoplastic rheological profile, as required for topical use; therefore, it was selected for subsequent analyses. Accelerated stability tests under critical conditions (40°C; 75% relative humidity) were conducted for 6 months, in terms of drug content (mg/g), weight loss (%), and pH. RESULTS In vitro LDC-PLC release profile through Franz diffusion cells revealed a bimodal kinetics with a burst effect followed by the sustained release of both anesthetics, for 24 hours. Structural analyses (fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy) gave details on the molecular organization of the hybrid hydrogel, confirming the synergic interaction between the components. Safety and efficacy were evaluated through in vitro cell viability (3T3, HaCat, and VERO cells) and in vivo antinociceptive (tail-flick, in mice) tests, respectively. In comparison to a control hydrogel and the eutectic mixture of 5% LDC-PLC cream (EMLA®), the XAN-NLC/LDC-PLC hybrid hydrogel doubled and quadrupled the anesthetic effect (8 hours), respectively. CONCLUSION Considering such exciting results, this multifaceted nanohybrid system is now ready to be further tested in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lígia Nunes de Morais Ribeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil,
| | - Michelle Franz-Montan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, Unicamp, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Simone Ramos de Castro
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil,
| | - Viviane Aparecida Guilherme
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil,
| | | | - Eneida de Paula
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil,
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Shailender J, Ravi PR, Reddy Sirukuri M, Dalvi A, Keerthi Priya O. Chitosan nanoparticles for the oral delivery of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: formulation optimization, characterization and ex vivo and in vivo evaluation for uptake mechanism in rats. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 44:1109-1119. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1438459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Shailender
- Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawaharnagar, India
| | - Punna Rao Ravi
- Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawaharnagar, India
| | | | - Avantika Dalvi
- Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawaharnagar, India
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20
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Cautela MP, Moshe H, Sosnik A, Sarmento B, das Neves J. Composite films for vaginal delivery of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 138:3-10. [PMID: 29408341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Prevention of male-to-female HIV transmission remains a huge challenge and topical pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using microbicides may help overcoming the problem. In this work, different types of films containing the antiretroviral drugs tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC) were developed. Formulations based in poly(vinyl alcohol) and pectin were produced as single- or double-layered films. Films containing TDF/FTC or TDF/FTC-loaded Eudragit® L 100 nanoparticles (NPs) obtained by nano spray-drying were tested for physicochemical, technological and biological properties relevant to microbicide development. All systems featured organoleptic and mechanical properties considered suitable for vaginal use and potentially favoring users' acceptability. Film design (single- or double-layered, and the incorporation or not of NPs) had a greater impact on disintegration time and drug release in a simulated vaginal fluid. Upon film disintegration, pH and osmolality of the fluid remained within values considered compatible with the vaginal environment. Double-layered films significantly reduced burst effect and the overall release of both drugs as compared to fast releasing, single-layered films. The effect on delaying drug release was most noticeable when TDF/FTC-loaded NPs were incorporated into double-layered films. This last design seems particularly advantageous for the development of a coitus-independent, on-demand microbicide product. Moreover, all film types were shown potentially safe when evaluated by the MTT metabolic activity and lactate dehydrogenase release assays using HeLa and CaSki cervical cell lines. Overall, results support that proposed films may be suitable for the vaginal delivery of TDF/FTC in the context of topical PrEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Pereira Cautela
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hen Moshe
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alejandro Sosnik
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, Israel
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde & Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
| | - José das Neves
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde & Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal.
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Date T, Nimbalkar V, Kamat J, Mittal A, Mahato RI, Chitkara D. Lipid-polymer hybrid nanocarriers for delivering cancer therapeutics. J Control Release 2017; 271:60-73. [PMID: 29273320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remained a major cause of death providing diversified challenges in terms of treatment including non-specific toxicity, chemoresistance and relapse. Nanotechnology- based delivery systems grabbed tremendous attention for delivering cancer therapeutics as they provide benefits including controlled drug release, improved biological half-life, reduced toxicity and targeted delivery. Majority of the nanocarriers consists of either a polymer or a lipid component along with other excipients to stabilize the colloidal system. Lipid-based systems provide advantages like better entrapment efficiency, scalability and low- cost raw materials, however, suffer from limitations including instability, a burst release of the drug, and limited surface functionalization. On the other hand, polymeric systems provide an excellent diversity of chemical modifications, stability, controlled release, however limited drug loading capacities and scale up limit their use. Hybrid nanocarriers consisting of lipid and polymer were able to overcome some of these disadvantages while retaining the advantages of both the systems. Designing a stable lipid-polymer hybrid system requires a thorough understanding of the material properties and their behavior in in vitro and in vivo environments. This review highlights the current status and future prospects of lipid-polymer hybrid systems with a particular focus on cancer nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Date
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vaishnavi Nimbalkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jyostna Kamat
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ram I Mahato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986125 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, United States
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India.
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Li Q, Cai T, Huang Y, Xia X, Cole SPC, Cai Y. A Review of the Structure, Preparation, and Application of NLCs, PNPs, and PLNs. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7060122. [PMID: 28554993 PMCID: PMC5485769 DOI: 10.3390/nano7060122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are modified solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) that retain the characteristics of the SLN, improve drug stability and loading capacity, and prevent drug leakage. Polymer nanoparticles (PNPs) are an important component of drug delivery. These nanoparticles can effectively direct drug delivery to specific targets and improve drug stability and controlled drug release. Lipid–polymer nanoparticles (PLNs), a new type of carrier that combines liposomes and polymers, have been employed in recent years. These nanoparticles possess the complementary advantages of PNPs and liposomes. A PLN is composed of a core–shell structure; the polymer core provides a stable structure, and the phospholipid shell offers good biocompatibility. As such, the two components increase the drug encapsulation efficiency rate, facilitate surface modification, and prevent leakage of water-soluble drugs. Hence, we have reviewed the current state of development for the NLCs’, PNPs’, and PLNs’ structures, preparation, and applications over the past five years, to provide the basis for further study on a controlled release drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Tiange Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
| | - Yinghong Huang
- GuangzhouGuoyu Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xi Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Susan P C Cole
- Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Yu Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Cancer Research Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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23
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Rambharose S, Kalhapure RS, Govender T. Nanoemulgel using a bicephalous heterolipid as a novel approach to enhance transdermal permeation of tenofovir. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 154:221-227. [PMID: 28343120 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Improvements in permeation enhancement strategies, such as nanoemulsions (NEs) and nanoemulgels (NEGs), have led to a renewed interest in transdermal drug delivery (TDD). This study aimed to investigate the potential of LLA1E, a novel dendritic permeation enhancer, as an oily phase in the development of a NEG for the TDD of tenofovir (TNF). TNF loaded NEs (TNEs) were prepared and analysed for mean globule diameter (MGD), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP) and morphology. NEGs of the TNEs (TNEGs) were prepared and evaluated for ex vivo transdermal permeation efficacy. The skin integrity before and after the experiments was assessed using histology and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). TNEs had a MGD of 129.06±3.35nm, a PDI of 0.192±0.038 and a ZP of 20.9±2.02mV, with an incorporation efficiency of 91.94±0.84%. There was no significant change is these properties after incorporating the TNEs into the hydrogel, as MGD, PDI and ZP of TNEGs were found to be 136.13±5.21nm, 0.182±0.020 and -20.9±2.08mV respectively. Ex vivo permeation studies showed that the TNEG significantly enhanced the TNF permeation by 39.65-fold, with a cumulative amount of 1866.54±108.62μgcm-2. Histological and TEER assessments showed no permanent effects on the skin by TNEG, indicating that this novel TNEG nanosystem has the potential to translate into clinical trials as treatment alternatives for HIV/AIDs patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Rambharose
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Rahul S Kalhapure
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa.
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Zhang RX, Ahmed T, Li LY, Li J, Abbasi AZ, Wu XY. Design of nanocarriers for nanoscale drug delivery to enhance cancer treatment using hybrid polymer and lipid building blocks. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:1334-1355. [PMID: 27973629 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08486a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLN) are an emerging nanocarrier platform made from building blocks of polymers and lipids. PLN integrate the advantages of biomimetic lipid-based nanoparticles (i.e. solid lipid nanoparticles and liposomes) and biocompatible polymeric nanoparticles. PLN are constructed from diverse polymers and lipids and their numerous combinations, which imparts PLN with great versatility for delivering drugs of various properties to their nanoscale targets. PLN can be classified into two types based on their hybrid nanoscopic structure and assembly methods: Type-I monolithic matrix and Type-II core-shell systems. This article reviews the history of PLN development, types of PLN, lipid and polymer candidates, fabrication methods, and unique properties of PLN. The applications of PLN in delivery of therapeutic or imaging agents alone or in combination for cancer treatment are summarized and illustrated with examples. Important considerations for the rational design of PLN for advanced nanoscale drug delivery are discussed, including selection of excipients, synthesis processes governing formulation parameters, optimization of nanoparticle properties, improvement of particle surface functionality to overcome macroscopic, microscopic and cellular biological barriers. Future directions and potential clinical translation of PLN are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xue Zhang
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaM5S 3M2.
| | - Taksim Ahmed
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaM5S 3M2.
| | - Lily Yi Li
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaM5S 3M2.
| | - Jason Li
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaM5S 3M2.
| | - Azhar Z Abbasi
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaM5S 3M2.
| | - Xiao Yu Wu
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaM5S 3M2.
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25
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Shailender J, Ravi PR, Saha P, Myneni S. Oral pharmacokinetic interaction of ester rich fruit juices and pharmaceutical excipients with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in male Wistar rats. Xenobiotica 2017; 47:1104-1111. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1269375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Shailender
- Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawaharnagar, India
| | - Punna Rao Ravi
- Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawaharnagar, India
| | - Paramita Saha
- Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawaharnagar, India
| | - Srividya Myneni
- Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawaharnagar, India
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26
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Ribeiro LNM, Franz-Montan M, Breitkreitz MC, Alcântara ACS, Castro SR, Guilherme VA, Barbosa RM, de Paula E. Nanostructured lipid carriers as robust systems for topical lidocaine-prilocaine release in dentistry. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 93:192-202. [PMID: 27543066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In dental practice, local anesthesia causes pain, fear, and stress, and is frequently the reason that patients abandon treatment. Topical anesthetics are applied in order to minimize the discomfort caused by needle insertion and injection, and to reduce the symptoms of superficial trauma at the oral mucosa, but there are still no efficient commercially available formulations. Factorial design is a multivariate data analysis procedure that can be used to optimize the manufacturing processes of lipid nanocarriers, providing valuable information and minimizing development time. This work describes the use of factorial design to optimize a process for the preparation of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) based on cetyl palmitate and capric/caprylic triglycerides as structural lipids and Pluronic 68 as the colloidal stabilizer, for delivery of the local anesthetics lidocaine and prilocaine (both at 2.5%). The factors selected were the excipient concentrations, and three different responses were followed: particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential. The encapsulation efficiency of the most effective formulations (NLC 2, 4, and 6) was evaluated by the ultrafiltration/centrifugation method. The formulations that showed the highest levels of encapsulation were tested using in vitro release kinetics experiments with Franz diffusion cells. The NLC6 formulation exhibited the best sustained release profile, with 59% LDC and 66% PLC released after 20h. This formulation was then characterized using different techniques (IR-ATR, DSC, DRX, TEM, and NTA) to obtain information about its molecular organization and its physicochemical stability, followed during 14months of storage at 25°C. This thorough pre-formulation study represents an important advance towards the development of an efficient pre-anesthetic for use in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lígia N M Ribeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Michelle Franz-Montan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia C Breitkreitz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana C S Alcântara
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Simone R Castro
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviane A Guilherme
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel M Barbosa
- School of Biomedical Sciences at Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Eneida de Paula
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sgorla D, Bunhak ÉJ, Cavalcanti OA, Fonte P, Sarmento B. Exploitation of lipid-polymeric matrices at nanoscale for drug delivery applications. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1301-9. [PMID: 27110648 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1182492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Progress in drug delivery and a better quality of life for patients, relies on the development of new and suitable drug carrier systems, with unequivocal therapeutic benefits, low systemic toxicity and reduced side effects. Lipid-polymeric nanoparticles have been explored to produce nanocarriers due to their features and applications such as high drug entrapment, physical-chemical stability and controlled release properties. AREAS COVERED In this review, we describe several hybrid nanoparticles obtained from mixing a polymer with a lipid matrix. This association can potentiate the efficacy of drug delivery systems, due to the enhancement of encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity, tailoring the drug release according to the therapeutic purpose, and improving the drug uptake by targeting it to specific receptors. Contrary to lipid nanoparticles, these hybrid nanoparticles can decrease the initial burst release and promote a more sustained and localized release of the drug. EXPERT OPINION Lipid-polymeric nanoparticles are versatile vehicles for drug delivery by different administration routes in the treatment of multiple diseases. Different solid lipids, polymers, surfactants and techniques for producing these carriers have been investigated, revealing the importance of their composition to achieve optimal characteristics to drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Sgorla
- a Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas , Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná , Cascavel , Brasil
| | - Élcio J Bunhak
- a Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas , Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná , Cascavel , Brasil
| | - Osvaldo A Cavalcanti
- b Departamento de Farmacologia e Terapêutica , Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá , Brasil
| | - Pedro Fonte
- c UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences - Applied Chemistry Lab, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.,d CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde and Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde , Gandra-PRD , Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- a Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas , Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná , Cascavel , Brasil.,d CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde and Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde , Gandra-PRD , Portugal.,e i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde , Universidade do Porto , Portugal.,f INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
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Devrim B, Kara A, Vural İ, Bozkır A. Lysozyme-loaded lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and colloidal stability evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2016; 42:1865-76. [PMID: 27091346 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2016.1180392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNPs) are polymeric nanoparticles enveloped by lipid layers, which have emerged as a potent therapeutic nanocarrier alternative to liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to develop, characterize and evaluate LPNPs to deliver a model protein, lysozyme. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lysozyme-loaded LPNPs were prepared by using the modified w/o/w double-emulsion-solvent-evaporation method. Poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) was used as polymeric core material and tripalmitin:lechitin mixture was used to form a lipid shell around the LPNPs. LPNPs were evaluated for particle size distribution, zeta potential, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug release, stability and cytotoxicity. RESULTS The DLS measurement results showed that the particle size of LPNPs ranged from 58.04 ± 1.95 nm to 2009.00 ± 0.52 nm. The AFM and TEM images of LPNPs demonstrate that LPNPs are spherical in shape. The protein-loading capacity of LPNPs ranged from 5.81% to 60.32%, depending on the formulation parameters. LPNPs displayed a biphasic drug release pattern with a burst release within 1 h, followed by sustained release afterward. Colloidal stability results of LPNPs in different media showed that particle size and zeta potential values of particles did not change significantly in all media except of FBS 100% for 120 h. Finally, the results of a cellular uptake study showed that LPNPs were significantly taken up by 83.3% in L929 cells. CONCLUSION We concluded that the LPNPs prepared with PCL as polymeric core material and tripalmitin:lechitin mixture as lipid shell should be a promising choice for protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Devrim
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Aslı Kara
- b Department of Biology, Faculty of Art and Science , Hitit University , Çorum, Turkey
| | - İmran Vural
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Asuman Bozkır
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
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Han Y, Zhai J, Zhang L, Dong S. Direct carbonization of cobalt-doped NH2-MIL-53(Fe) for electrocatalysis of oxygen evolution reaction. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:1033-1039. [PMID: 26661843 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06626c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we synthesized high-performance electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by one-step carbonization of cobalt(Co)-doped NH2-MIL-53(Fe) with different molar ratios between Fe and Co. The results showed that the as-prepared composite with a molar ratio between Fe and Co = 1 : 3 and the calcination temperature of 550 °C displayed the best OER activity, denoted as MOF(Fe1-Co3)550N. The MOF(Fe1-Co3)550N possesses a microporous structure with a high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 235.37 m(2)·g(-1). It shows excellent OER catalytic behavior in 0.1 M KOH solution. The overpotential at 10 mA cm(-2) is 0.39 V and the Tafel slope is 72.9 mV dec(-1), which is comparable to that of the as-synthesized RuO2. The satisfactory results are attributed to the presence of pyridine N, Co3O4, the enlarged surface area and the micropore structures after calcination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Junfeng Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Shaojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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