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Wang Y, Pei P, Yang K, Guo L, Li Y. Copper in colorectal cancer: From copper-related mechanisms to clinical cancer therapies. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1724. [PMID: 38804588 PMCID: PMC11131360 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper, a trace element and vital cofactor, plays a crucial role in the maintenance of biological functions. Recent evidence has established significant correlations between copper levels, cancer development and metastasis. The strong redox-active properties of copper offer both benefits and disadvantages to cancer cells. The intestinal tract, which is primarily responsible for copper uptake and regulation, may suffer from an imbalance in copper homeostasis. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most prevalent primary cancer of the intestinal tract and is an aggressive malignant disease with limited therapeutic options. Current research is primarily focused on the relationship between copper and CRC. Innovative concepts, such as cuproplasia and cuproptosis, are being explored to understand copper-related cellular proliferation and death. Cuproplasia is the regulation of cell proliferation that is mediated by both enzymatic and nonenzymatic copper-modulated activities. Whereas, cuproptosis refers to cell death induced by excess copper via promoting the abnormal oligomerisation of lipoylated proteins within the tricarboxylic acid cycle, as well as by diminishing the levels of iron-sulphur cluster proteins. A comprehensive understanding of copper-related cellular proliferation and death mechanisms offers new avenues for CRC treatment. In this review, we summarise the evolving molecular mechanisms, ranging from abnormal intracellular copper concentrations to the copper-related proteins that are being discovered, and discuss the role of copper in the pathogenesis, progression and potential therapies for CRC. Understanding the relationship between copper and CRC will help provide a comprehensive theoretical foundation for innovative treatment strategies in CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Wang
- Department of PathologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Pei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Lingchuan Guo
- Department of PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of PathologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Rumin S, Han X, Zeng C, Lv F, Fang R, Gong R, Tian X, Ding X. Systematic analysis of cuproptosis abnormalities and functional significance in cancer. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300626. [PMID: 38573998 PMCID: PMC10994309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cuproptosis is a recently discovered type of cell death, but the role and behavior of cuproptosis-related genes (CuRGs) in cancers remain unclear. This paper aims to address these issues by analyzing the multi-omics characteristics of cancer-related genes (CuRGs) across various types of cancer. METHOD To investigate the impact of somatic copy number alterations (SCNA) and DNA methylation on CRG expression, we will analyze the correlation between these factors. We developed a cuproptosis index (CPI) model to measure the level of cuproptosis and investigate its functional roles. Using this model, we assessed the clinical prognosis of colorectal cancer patients and analyzed genetic changes and immune infiltration features in different CPI levels. RESULTS The study's findings indicate that the majority of cancer-related genes (CuRGs) were suppressed in tumors and had a positive correlation with somatic copy number alterations (SCNA), while having a negative correlation with DNA methylation. This suggests that both SCNA and DNA methylation have an impact on the expression of CuRGs. The CPI model is a reliable predictor of survival outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer and can serve as an independent prognostic factor. Patients with a higher CPI have a worse prognosis. We conducted a deeper analysis of the genetic alterations and immune infiltration patterns in both CPI positive and negative groups. Our findings revealed significant differences, indicating that CuRGs may play a crucial role in tumor immunity mechanisms. Additionally, we have noticed a positive correlation between CuRGs and various crucial pathways that are linked to the occurrence, progression, and metastasis of tumors. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study systematically analyzes cuproptosis and its regulatory genes, emphasizing the potential of using cuproptosis as a basis for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Rumin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Pu’ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Xiangming Han
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Cui Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Fei Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Rong Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Rongrong Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Xiaochang Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Xiangwu Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, 430000, China
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Islam MT, Jang NH, Lee HJ. Natural Products as Regulators against Matrix Metalloproteinases for the Treatment of Cancer. Biomedicines 2024; 12:794. [PMID: 38672151 PMCID: PMC11048580 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancers are currently the major cause of mortality in the world. According to previous studies, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have an impact on tumor cell proliferation, which could lead to the onset and progression of cancers. Therefore, regulating the expression and activity of MMPs, especially MMP-2 and MMP-9, could be a promising strategy to reduce the risk of cancers. Various studies have tried to investigate and understand the pathophysiology of cancers to suggest potent treatments. In this review, we summarize how natural products from marine organisms and plants, as regulators of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and enzymatic activity, can operate as potent anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Towhedul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Nak Han Jang
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
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Balsa LM, Ferretti V, Sottile M, Nunes P, Costa Pessoa J, Correia I, León IE. New copper(II) and oxidovanadium(IV) complexes with a vitamin B 6 Schiff base: mechanism of action and synergy studies on 2D and 3D human osteosarcoma cell models. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:3039-3051. [PMID: 38111362 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02964f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity of a new Schiff base (H2L) derived from the condensation of pyridoxamine with pyridoxal and its novel copper(II) and oxidovanadium(IV) complexes: [Cu(HL)Cl] (1), [Cu(LH2)(phen)]Cl2 (2), [Cu(LH2)(amphen)]Cl2 (3), [VIVO(HL)Cl] (4), and [VIVO(LH2)(phen)]Cl2 (5), where phen is 1,10-phenanthroline and amphen is its 5-amino derivative. All compounds were characterized by analytical and spectroscopic techniques, namely FTIR, UV-vis and EPR spectroscopy. Their stability in aqueous media was evaluated, revealing that the presence of the phen co-ligand significantly increases the stability. The ternary Cu(II) complexes (2 and 3) impaired cell viability of osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) (IC50 values of 3.6 ± 0.6 and 7 ± 1.9 μM for 2 and 3), while 1 and the VIVO complexes did not show relevant anticancer activity. Complexes 2 and 3 are also more active than cisplatin (CDDP). Synergistic studies between 2 and sorafenib showed significant synergism on MG-63 cells for the following combinations: 2 (2.0 μM) + sorafenib (10.0 μM) and 2 (2.5 μM) + sorafenib (12.5 μM), whilst the combination of 2 and CDDP did not show synergy. Complex 2 interacts with DNA, inducing significant genotoxic effects on MG-63 cells from 1.0 to 2.5 μM and it increases the ROS levels 880% over basal. Moreover, 2 induces apoptosis at 1.0 and 2.0 μM, while its combination with sorafenib induces apoptosis and necrosis. Finally, compound 2 reduces the cell viability of MG-63 spheroids showing an IC50 value 7-fold lower than that of CDDP (8.5 ± 0.4 μM vs. 65 ± 6 μM). The combination of 2 and sorafenib also showed synergism on spheroids, suggesting that the combination of these drugs improves the anticancer effect against bone cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia M Balsa
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Blvd. 120 No 1465, La Plata (1900), Argentina.
| | - Valeria Ferretti
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Blvd. 120 No 1465, La Plata (1900), Argentina.
| | - Marco Sottile
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Blvd. 120 No 1465, La Plata (1900), Argentina.
| | - Patrique Nunes
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - João Costa Pessoa
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Correia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ignacio E León
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Blvd. 120 No 1465, La Plata (1900), Argentina.
- Cátedra de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 y 115, La Plata 1900, Argentina
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5
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Balsa LM, Solernó LM, Rodriguez MR, Parajón-Costa BS, Gonzalez-Baró AC, Alonso DF, Garona J, León IE. Cu(II)-acylhydrazone complex, a potent and selective antitumor agent against human osteosarcoma: Mechanism of action studies over in vitro and in vivo models. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 384:110685. [PMID: 37666443 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a frequent bone cancer, affecting largely children and young adults. Cisplatin (CDDP) has been efficacious in the treatment of different cancer such us OS but the development of chemoresistance and important side effects leading to therapeutic failure. Novel therapies including copper compounds have shown to be potentially effective as anticancer drugs and one alternative to usually employed platinum compounds. The goal of this work is the evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo antitumoral activity and dilucidate the molecular target of a Cu(II) cationic complex containing a tridentate hydrazone ligand, CuHL for short, H2L=N'-'-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)thiophene-2-carbohydrazide, against human OS MG-63 cells. Anticancer activity on MG-63 cell line was evaluated in OS monolayer and spheroids. CuHL significantly impaired cell viability in both models (IC50 2D: 2.1 ± 0.3 μM; 3D: 9.1 ± 1.0 μM) (p < 0.001). Additional cell studies demonstrated the copper compound inhibits cell proliferation and conveys cells to apoptosis, determined by flow cytometry. CuHL showed a great genotoxicity, evaluated by comet assay. Proteomic analysis by Orbitrap Mass Spectometry identified 27 differentially expressed proteins: 17 proteins were found overexpressed and 10 underexpressed in MG-63 cells after the CuHL treatment. The response to unfolded protein was the most affected biological process. In addition, in vivo antitumor effects of the compound were evaluated on human OS tumors xenografted in nude mice. CuHL treatment, at a dose of 2 mg/kg i.p., given three times/week for one month, significantly inhibited the progression of OS xenografts and was associated to a reduction in mitotic index and to an increment of tumor necrosis (p < 0.01). Administration of standard-of-care cytotoxic agent CDDP, following the same treatment schedule as CuHL, failed to impair OS growth and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia M Balsa
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Blvd. 120 N° 1465, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Luisina M Solernó
- Centro de Oncología Molecular y Traslacional (COMTra), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Argentina; Centro de Medicina Traslacional (Unidad 6), Hospital de Alta Complejidad en Red El Cruce "Dr. Néstor Carlos Kirchner" S.A.M.I.C, Argentina
| | - Maria R Rodriguez
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Blvd. 120 N° 1465, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Beatriz S Parajón-Costa
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Blvd. 120 N° 1465, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Ana C Gonzalez-Baró
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Blvd. 120 N° 1465, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Daniel F Alonso
- Centro de Oncología Molecular y Traslacional (COMTra), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Argentina
| | - Juan Garona
- Centro de Oncología Molecular y Traslacional (COMTra), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Argentina; Centro de Medicina Traslacional (Unidad 6), Hospital de Alta Complejidad en Red El Cruce "Dr. Néstor Carlos Kirchner" S.A.M.I.C, Argentina
| | - Ignacio E León
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Blvd. 120 N° 1465, La Plata, 1900, Argentina; Cátedra de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 y 115, La Plata, 1900, Argentina.
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Dimitrijević JD, Solovjova N, Bukonjić AM, Tomović DL, Milinkovic M, Caković A, Bogojeski J, Ratković ZR, Janjić GV, Rakić AA, Arsenijevic NN, Milovanovic MZ, Milovanovic JZ, Radić GP, Jevtić VV. Docking Studies, Cytotoxicity Evaluation and Interactions of Binuclear Copper(II) Complexes with S-Isoalkyl Derivatives of Thiosalicylic Acid with Some Relevant Biomolecules. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12504. [PMID: 37569878 PMCID: PMC10420076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The numerous side effects of platinum based chemotherapy has led to the design of new therapeutics with platinum replaced by another transition metal. Here, we investigated the interactions of previously reported copper(II) complexes containing S-isoalkyl derivatives, the salicylic acid with guanosine-5'-monophosphate and calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and their antitumor effects, in a colon carcinoma model. All three copper(II) complexes exhibited an affinity for binding to CT-DNA, but there was no indication of intercalation or the displacement of ethidium bromide. Molecular docking studies revealed a significant affinity of the complexes for binding to the minor groove of B-form DNA, which coincided with DNA elongation, and a higher affinity for binding to Z-form DNA, supporting the hypothesis that the complex binding to CT-DNA induces a local transition from B-form to Z-form DNA. These complexes show a moderate, but selective cytotoxic effect toward colon cancer cells in vitro. Binuclear complex of copper(II) with S-isoamyl derivative of thiosalicylic acid showed the highest cytotoxic effect, arrested tumor cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory molecules pro-IL-1β, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in the tissue of primary heterotopic murine colon cancer, which was accompanied by a significantly reduced tumor growth and metastases in the lung and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena D. Dimitrijević
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.D.); (M.M.); (M.Z.M.); (J.Z.M.)
| | - Natalija Solovjova
- Academy of Applied Studies Belgrade, The College of Health Science, Cara Dušana 254, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Andriana M. Bukonjić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.M.B.); (D.L.T.)
| | - Dušan Lj. Tomović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.M.B.); (D.L.T.)
| | - Mirjana Milinkovic
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.D.); (M.M.); (M.Z.M.); (J.Z.M.)
| | - Angelina Caković
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovic 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.C.); (J.B.); (Z.R.R.)
| | - Jovana Bogojeski
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovic 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.C.); (J.B.); (Z.R.R.)
| | - Zoran R. Ratković
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovic 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.C.); (J.B.); (Z.R.R.)
| | - Goran V. Janjić
- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Department of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade-Institute of Chemistry, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Aleksandra A. Rakić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Nebojsa N. Arsenijevic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marija Z. Milovanovic
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.D.); (M.M.); (M.Z.M.); (J.Z.M.)
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Jelena Z. Milovanovic
- Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (J.D.D.); (M.M.); (M.Z.M.); (J.Z.M.)
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Gordana P. Radić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.M.B.); (D.L.T.)
| | - Verica V. Jevtić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovic 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.C.); (J.B.); (Z.R.R.)
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Wang J, Tao Z, Wang B, Xie Y, Wang Y, Li B, Cao J, Qiao X, Qin D, Zhong S, Hu X. Cuproptosis-related risk score predicts prognosis and characterizes the tumor microenvironment in colon adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1152681. [PMID: 37333810 PMCID: PMC10272849 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1152681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cuproptosis is a novel copper-dependent regulatory cell death (RCD), which is closely related to the occurrence and development of multiple cancers. However, the potential role of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains unclear. Methods Transcriptome, somatic mutation, somatic copy number alteration and the corresponding clinicopathological data of COAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO). Difference, survival and correlation analyses were conducted to evaluate the characteristics of CRGs in COAD patients. Consensus unsupervised clustering analysis of CRGs expression profile was used to classify patients into different cuproptosis molecular and gene subtypes. TME characteristics of different molecular subtypes were investigated by using Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Next, CRG Risk scoring system was constructed by applying logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) cox regression analysis and multivariate cox analysis. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to exam the expression of key Risk scoring genes. Results Our study indicated that CRGs had relatively common genetic and transcriptional variations in COAD tissues. We identified three cuproptosis molecular subtypes and three gene subtypes based on CRGs expression profile and prognostic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) expression profile, and found that changes in multilayer CRGs were closely related to the clinical characteristics, overall survival (OS), different signaling pathways, and immune cell infiltration of TME. CRG Risk scoring system was constructed according to the expression of 7 key cuproptosis-related risk genes (GLS, NOX1, HOXC6, TNNT1, GLS, HOXC6 and PLA2G12B). RT-qPCR and IHC indicated that the expression of GLS, NOX1, HOXC6, TNNT1 and PLA2G12B were up-regulated in tumor tissues, compared with those in normal tissues, and all of GLS, HOXC6, NOX1 and PLA2G12B were closely related with patient survival. In addition, high CRG risk scores were significantly associated with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H), tumor mutation burden (TMB), cancer stem cell (CSC) indices, stromal and immune scores in TME, drug susceptibility, as well as patient survival. Finally, a highly accurate nomogram was constructed to promote the clinical application of the CRG Risk scoring system. Discussion Our comprehensive analysis showed that CRGs were greatly associated with TME, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognosis of patient with COAD. These findings may promote our understanding of CRGs in COAD, providing new insights for physicians to predict prognosis and develop more precise and individualized therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Wang
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghua Tao
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Biyun Wang
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhao Xie
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Cao
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaosu Qiao
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Qin
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanliang Zhong
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Xichun Hu
- Department of Breast and Urologic Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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Boztepe T, Scioli-Montoto S, Gambaro RC, Ruiz ME, Cabrera S, Alemán J, Islan GA, Castro GR, León IE. Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of the Anti-HT-29 Colorectal Cell Line Activity of Novel 8-Oxyquinolinate-Platinum(II)-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Targeted with Riboflavin. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15031021. [PMID: 36986881 PMCID: PMC10056074 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15031021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is occasionally called colon or rectal cancer, depending on where cancer begins to form, and is the second leading cause of cancer death among both men and women. The platinum-based [PtCl(8-O-quinolinate)(dmso)] (8-QO-Pt) compound has demonstrated encouraging anticancer activity. Three different systems of 8-QO-Pt-encapsulated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) with riboflavin (RFV) were investigated. NLCs of myristyl myristate were synthesized by ultrasonication in the presence of RFV. RFV-decorated nanoparticles displayed a spherical shape and a narrow size dispersion in the range of 144-175 nm mean particle diameter. The 8-QO-Pt-loaded formulations of NLC/RFV with more than 70% encapsulation efficiency showed sustained in vitro release for 24 h. Cytotoxicity, cell uptake, and apoptosis were evaluated in the HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line. The results revealed that 8-QO-Pt-loaded formulations of NLC/RFV showed higher cytotoxicity than the free 8-QO-Pt compound at 5.0 µM. All three systems exhibited different levels of cellular internalization. Moreover, the hemotoxicity assay showed the safety profile of the formulations (less than 3.7%). Taken together, RFV-targeted NLC systems for drug delivery have been investigated for the first time in our study and the results are promising for the future of chemotherapy in colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Boztepe
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales, CINDEFI-Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, La Plata B1900, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Scioli-Montoto
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), La Plata B1904, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Bioactivos (LIDeB), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata B1900, Argentina
| | - Rocio C Gambaro
- Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (IGEVET, UNLP-CONICET La Plata), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata B1900, Argentina
| | - María Esperanza Ruiz
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), La Plata B1904, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Bioactivos (LIDeB), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata B1900, Argentina
| | - Silvia Cabrera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Alemán
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Germán A Islan
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales, CINDEFI-Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, La Plata B1900, Argentina
| | - Guillermo R Castro
- Max Planck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics of Rosario (MPLbioR, UNR-MPIbpC), Partner Laboratory of the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry (MPIbpC, MPG), Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios (CEI), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario S2000, Argentina
- Nanomedicine Research Unit (Nanomed), Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil
| | - Ignacio E León
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina
- Cátedra de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina
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9
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Arjmand F, Yasir Khan H, Tabassum S. Progress of Metal-Based Anticancer Chemotherapeutic Agents in Last two Decades and their Comprehensive Biological (DNA/RNA Binding, Cleavage and Cytotoxicity Activity) Studies. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200247. [PMID: 36762719 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
During last two decades, there has been an enormous growth in the discovery of innovative active inorganic anticancer complexes (exerting remarkable cytotoxicity at sub micro-molar levels) derived from myriad ligand scaffolds, mainly acting on cancerous vs healthy cells by either halting or inhibiting their uncontrolled growth. The phenomenal success of cisplatin to treat numerous forms of solid malignancies has placed metal-based drugs to the forefront of treatment strategies against cancers. More than 10,000 platinum anticancer complexes have been developed during the past 40 years, but only five drugs have been approved for usage in humans while ten more complexes are currently undergoing clinical trials. Most of the compounds have failed either at R&D stages or in preclinical trails. This has led to extensive investigations by researchers of medicinal chemistry, including our group to design and prepare tailored 3d-metallo-drugs and organotin(IV) compounds from some naturally occurring bioactive compounds, such as amino-acids, peptides, chromone derivatives and NSAID's etc. that were used either alone or in cocktail combination, capable of specifically targeting DNA, lnc RNAs and proteins. Furthermore, 3d-metal ions such as copper, cobalt and zinc etc. incorporated in these ligand framework are biocompatible and induce a unique multi-modal mechanism of cytotoxic action involving angiogenesis, ROS-induced DNA damage, apoptosis by p53 mitochondrial genes and caspases etc. The results observed a positive correlation between the binding affinity of complexes with DNA (as quantified by intrinsic binding constant values) and their cytotoxic behavior. Complexes with high DNA binding propensity were typically lethal against a diverse panel of malignant cell types compared to normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farukh Arjmand
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P., India-, 202002
| | - Huzaifa Yasir Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P., India-, 202002
| | - Sartaj Tabassum
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P., India-, 202002
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10
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Nguyen YT, Kim N, Lee HJ. Metal Complexes as Promising Matrix Metalloproteinases Regulators. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021258. [PMID: 36674771 PMCID: PMC9861486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, cancers and dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease, are the most fatal causes of death. Many studies tried to understand the pathogenesis of those diseases clearly and develop a promising way to treat the diseases. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been reported to be involved in the pathology of cancers and AD through tumor cell movement and amyloid degradation. Therefore, control of the levels and actions of MMPs, especially MMP-2 and MMP-9, is necessary to care for and/or cure cancer and AD. Various molecules have been examined for their potential application as regulators of MMPs expression and activity. Among the molecules, multiple metal complexes have shown advantages, including simple synthesis, less toxicity and specificity toward MMPs in cancer cells or in the brain. In this review, we summarize the recent studies and knowledge of metal complexes (e.g., Pt-, Ru-, Au-, Fe-, Cu-, Ni-, Zn-, and Sn-complexes) targeting MMPs and their potentials for treating and/or caring the most fatal human diseases, cancers and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Thi Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Namdoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (H.J.L.)
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11
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Evaluation of central-metal effect on anticancer activity and mechanism of action of isostructural Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes containing pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 245:114897. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Olar R, Maxim C, Badea M, Bacalum M, Raileanu M, Avram S, Korošin NČ, Burlanescu T, Rostas AM. Antiproliferative Copper(II) Complexes Bearing Mixed Chelating Ligands: Structural Characterization, ROS Scavenging, In Silico Studies, and Anti-Melanoma Activity. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081692. [PMID: 36015318 PMCID: PMC9416163 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a skin cancer characterized by rapid growth and spread for which current therapies produce both resistance and increased risk of infection. To develop new anti-melanoma biocompatible species, the series of complexes Cu(N-N)(bzac)(X)⋅nH2O (N-N: 1,10-phenanthroline/2,2′-bipyridine, Hbzac: 1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione, X: NO3/ClO4, and n = 0, 1) was studied. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed a mononuclear structure for all complexes. The ability of the complexes to scavenge or trap reactive oxygen species such as O2⋅− and HO⋅ was proved by EPR spectroscopy experiments. All complexes inhibited B16 murine melanoma cells in a dose-dependent and nanomolar range, but the complexes with 1,10-phenanthroline were more active. Moreover, comparative activity on B16 and healthy BJ cells revealed a therapeutic index of 1.27–2.24. Bioinformatic methods were used to calculate the drug-likeness, pharmacokinetic, pharmacogenomic, and pharmacodynamic profiles of the compounds. The results showed that all compounds exhibit drug-likeness features, as well as promising absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties, and no toxicity. The pharmacodynamics results showed that the neutral species appear to be good candidates for antitumor molecular targets (Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1, DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase or Kruppel-like factor 5). Furthermore, the pharmacogenomic results showed a good affinity of the copper(II) complexes for the human cytochrome. These results recommend complexes bearing 1,10-phenanthroline as good candidates for developing drugs to melanoma alternative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodica Olar
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Str., 050663 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.O.); (S.A.)
| | - Catalin Maxim
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Str., 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Badea
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Str., 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Bacalum
- Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Department of Life and Environmental Physics, 30 Reactorului Str., 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania
| | - Mina Raileanu
- Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Department of Life and Environmental Physics, 30 Reactorului Str., 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, Department of Electricity, Solid State and Biophysics, University of Bucharest, 405A Atomiștilor Str., 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania
| | - Speranta Avram
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, University of Bucharest, 91-95, Splaiul Independenței, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.O.); (S.A.)
| | - Nataša Čelan Korošin
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Teodora Burlanescu
- Laboratory of Optical Processes in Nanostructure Materials, National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomiștilor Str., 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania
| | - Arpad Mihai Rostas
- Laboratory of Atomic Structures and Defects in Advanced Materials, LASDAM, National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomiștilor Str., 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania
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13
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Damena T, Alem MB, Zeleke D, Desalegn T, Eswaramoorthy R, Demissie TB. Novel Zinc(II) and Copper(II) Complexes of 2-((2-Hydroxyethyl)amino)quinoline-3-carbaldehyde for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities: A Combined Experimental, DFT, and Docking Studies. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26336-26352. [PMID: 35936450 PMCID: PMC9352163 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, two novel complexes of zinc(II) and copper(II) were synthesized from the ligand 2-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)quinoline-3-carbaldehyde (H 2 L) in a 1:2 metal-to-ligand ratio in methanol. The complexes were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) experimental techniques and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The spectral data revealed that the mono-deprotonated (HL) ligand acted as a bidentate ligand, which bound to both Zn(II) and Cu(II) ions via the nitrogen atom of the amine (N-H) and the hydroxyl (O-H) groups through the deprotonated oxygen atom. Formation constants and thermal analysis indicated that both metal complexes are stable up to 100 °C with thermodynamically favored chemical reactions. The Cu(II) complex showed antibacterial activities with the zones of inhibition of 20.90 ± 2.00 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 19.69 ± 0.71 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, and 18.58 ± 1.04 mm against Streptococcus pyogenes. These results are relatively higher compared with the Zn(II) complex at the same concentration. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results for the complexes also showed similar trends against the three bacteria. On the other hand, radical scavenging activities of both Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes showed half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 4.72 and 8.2 μg/mL, respectively, while ascorbic acid (a positive control) has a value of 4.28 μg/mL. The Cu(II) complex exhibited better communication with the positive control, indicating its potential use for biological activities. The calculated and in silico molecular docking results also strongly support the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadewos Damena
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Adama Science and
Technology University, P.O. Box 1888 Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Mamaru Bitew Alem
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Adama Science and
Technology University, P.O. Box 1888 Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Digafie Zeleke
- Department
of Chemistry, Salale University, P.O. Box 245 Fitche, Ethiopia
| | - Tegene Desalegn
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Adama Science and
Technology University, P.O. Box 1888 Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
- Department
of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute
of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha
University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Taye B. Demissie
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Botswana, Notwane Rd, P/bag UB 00704, Gaborone, Botswana
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14
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Muslim M, Ahmad M, Arish M, Alam MJ, Alarifi A, Afzal M, Sepay N, Ahmad S. 5-Hydroxyisophthalic acid and neocuproine containing copper(II) complex as a promising cytotoxic agent: Structure elucidation, topology, Hirshfeld surface, DFT calculations, and molecular docking analysis. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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15
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Kashapova NE, Kashapov RR, Ziganshina AY, Amerhanova SK, Lyubina AP, Voloshina AD, Salnikov VV, Zakharova LY. Complexation-induced nanoarchitectonics of sulfonate cailx[4]resorcinol substituted at the upper rim by N-methyl-d-glucamine fragments: Morphological transition and in vitro anticancer activity. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Raghavan S. How inclusive are cell lines in preclinical engineered cancer models? Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:275571. [PMID: 35642685 PMCID: PMC9187871 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse factors contribute to significant and dire disparities in cancer risk and treatment outcomes. To address this, there was a call for inclusion of sex as a biological variable, which resulted in more instances of careful inclusion of sex in preclinical studies of cancer. Another variable in cancer treatment is genetic ancestry. Although this is considered explicitly in clinical research, it is considerably neglected in preclinical studies. Preclinical research can use several 3D in vitro model systems, such as spheroids/organoids, xenografts, or other bioengineered systems that combine biomaterials and cellular material. Ultimately, the cellular base for all of these in vitro model systems is derived from human cell lines or patient samples, to investigate mechanisms of cancer and screen novel therapeutics, all of which aim to maximize successful outcomes in clinical trials. This in itself offers an opportunity to potentiate effective treatments for many groups of people, when diverse variables like genetic ancestry are consciously included into study design. This Perspective highlights the need for conscious inclusion of genetic ancestry in preclinical cancer tissue engineering, especially when it pertains to determining therapeutic outcomes. Summary: Genetic determinants, like ancestry, impact cancer risk and therapeutic outcomes. Hence, this is an important variable to consider at the very initial stages of biomedical research at the bench.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Raghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3120 TAMU, 5016 Emerging Technologies Building, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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17
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Arafa WAA, Ghoneim AA, Mourad AK. N-Naphthoyl Thiourea Derivatives: An Efficient Ultrasonic-Assisted Synthesis, Reaction, and In Vitro Anticancer Evaluations. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:6210-6222. [PMID: 35224384 PMCID: PMC8867804 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates the optimization of an efficient, mild, and environmentally friendly synthetic approach to access a diverse library of N-naphthoyl thioureas. These derivatives could be exploited as precursor scaffolds for designing valuable heterocycles with anticipated biological activities. Additionally, the utilization of a copper complex derived from the newly synthesized N-naphthoyl thiourea ligand in the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) dye was explored. The antiproliferative effect of the synthesized derivatives was examined against MCF-7, HCT116, and A549 cancer cell lines. Most of the assembled derivatives revealed a significant cytotoxic effect, in some cases, greater than doxorubicin. Of these, the copper complex demonstrated significant antitumor activities (IC50 < 1.3 μM) and lesser cytotoxic impact (IC50 > 76 μM), indicating its possibility as a pioneering candidate for future carcinogenic pharmaceutics. Relations between the structure and activity also have been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Abdelgayed Ahmed Arafa
- Chemistry
Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P. O. Box 2014, Sakaka 2014 Jouf, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira Atef Ghoneim
- Chemistry
Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P. O. Box 2014, Sakaka 2014 Jouf, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa K. Mourad
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, P.O. Box 63514, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
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