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Schmitt VH, Schmitt C, Hollemann D, Mamilos A, Wagner W, Weinheimer O, Brochhausen C. Comparison of histological and computed tomographic measurements of pig lung bronchi. ERJ Open Res 2020; 6:00500-2020. [PMID: 33313303 PMCID: PMC7720685 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00500-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Light microscopy is used as template in the evaluation and further development of medical imaging methods. Tissue shrinkage caused by histological processing is known to influence lung tissue dimensions. In diagnosis of COPD, computed tomography (CT) is widely used for automated airway measurement. The aim of this study was to compare histological and computed tomographic measurements of pig lung bronchi. METHODS Airway measurements of pig lungs were performed after freezing under controlled inflation pressure in a liquid nitrogen bath. The wall thickness of seven bronchi was measured via Micro-CT and CT using the integral-based method (IBM) and the full-width-at-half-maximum method (FWHM) automatically and histologically on frozen and paraffin sections. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test, Pearson's correlation coefficient with a significance level at p<0.05, scatter plots and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS Bronchial wall thickness was smallest in frozen sections (median 0.71 mm) followed by paraffin sections (median 0.75 mm), Micro-CT (median 0.84 mm), and CT measurements using IBM (median 0.68 mm) and FWHM (median 1.69 mm). Statistically significant differences were found among all tested groups (p<0.05) except for CT IBM and paraffin and frozen sections and Micro-CT. There was high correlation between all parameters with statistical significance (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences in airway measurement were found among the different methods. The absolute measurements with CT IBM were closest to the histological results followed by Micro-CT, whereas CT FWHM demonstrated a distinct divergence from the other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker H. Schmitt
- Dept of Cardiology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, Mainz, Germany
- Joint first authors
| | | | - David Hollemann
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, State Hospital Horn, Horn, Austria
| | - Andreas Mamilos
- REPAIR-lab, Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Willi Wagner
- Dept of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Centre Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Centre (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Weinheimer
- Dept of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Centre Heidelberg (TLRC), German Lung Research Centre (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Joint senior authors
| | - Christoph Brochhausen
- REPAIR-lab, Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Central Biobank Regensburg, University Regensburg and University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Joint senior authors
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Cereda M, Xin Y, Goffi A, Herrmann J, Kaczka DW, Kavanagh BP, Perchiazzi G, Yoshida T, Rizi RR. Imaging the Injured Lung: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Use. Anesthesiology 2019; 131:716-749. [PMID: 30664057 PMCID: PMC6692186 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000002583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) consists of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure characterized by massive and heterogeneously distributed loss of lung aeration caused by diffuse inflammation and edema present in interstitial and alveolar spaces. It is defined by consensus criteria, which include diffuse infiltrates on chest imaging-either plain radiography or computed tomography. This review will summarize how imaging sciences can inform modern respiratory management of ARDS and continue to increase the understanding of the acutely injured lung. This review also describes newer imaging methodologies that are likely to inform future clinical decision-making and potentially improve outcome. For each imaging modality, this review systematically describes the underlying principles, technology involved, measurements obtained, insights gained by the technique, emerging approaches, limitations, and future developments. Finally, integrated approaches are considered whereby multimodal imaging may impact management of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Cereda
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yi Xin
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alberto Goffi
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jacob Herrmann
- Departments of Anesthesia and Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, IA
| | - David W. Kaczka
- Departments of Anesthesia, Radiology, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, IA
| | | | - Gaetano Perchiazzi
- Hedenstierna Laboratory and Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Takeshi Yoshida
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rahim R. Rizi
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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3
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Lovric G, Mokso R, Arcadu F, Vogiatzis Oikonomidis I, Schittny JC, Roth-Kleiner M, Stampanoni M. Tomographic in vivo microscopy for the study of lung physiology at the alveolar level. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12545. [PMID: 28970505 PMCID: PMC5624921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12886-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lungs represent the essential part of the mammalian respiratory system, which is reflected in the fact that lung failure still is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Establishing the connection between macroscopic observations of inspiration and expiration and the processes taking place at the microscopic scale remains crucial to understand fundamental physiological and pathological processes. Here we demonstrate for the first time in vivo synchrotron-based tomographic imaging of lungs with pixel sizes down to a micrometer, enabling first insights into high-resolution lung structure. We report the methodological ability to study lung inflation patterns at the alveolar scale and its potential in resolving still open questions in lung physiology. As a first application, we identified heterogeneous distension patterns at the alveolar level and assessed first comparisons of lungs between the in vivo and immediate post mortem states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Lovric
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland. .,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Centre d'Imagerie BioMédicale, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
| | - Rajmund Mokso
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.,Max IV Laboratory, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Filippo Arcadu
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Vogiatzis Oikonomidis
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.,Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Matthias Roth-Kleiner
- Clinic of Neonatology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Stampanoni
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
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4
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Lovric G, Vogiatzis Oikonomidis I, Mokso R, Stampanoni M, Roth-Kleiner M, Schittny JC. Automated computer-assisted quantitative analysis of intact murine lungs at the alveolar scale. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183979. [PMID: 28934236 PMCID: PMC5608210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Using state-of-the-art X-ray tomographic microscopy we can image lung tissue in three dimensions in intact animals down to a micrometer precision. The structural complexity and hierarchical branching scheme of the lung at this level of details, however, renders the extraction of biologically relevant quantities particularly challenging. We have developed a methodology for a detailed description of lung inflation patterns by measuring the size and the local curvature of the parenchymal airspaces. These quantitative tools for morphological and topological analyses were applied to high-resolution murine 3D lung image data, inflated at different pressure levels under immediate post mortem conditions. We show for the first time direct indications of heterogeneous intra-lobar and inter-lobar distension patterns at the alveolar level. Furthermore, we did not find any indication that a cyclic opening-and-collapse (recruitment) of a large number of alveoli takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Lovric
- Centre d’Imagerie BioMédicale, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5234 Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Vogiatzis Oikonomidis
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5234 Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rajmund Mokso
- Max IV Laboratory, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marco Stampanoni
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5234 Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Roth-Kleiner
- Clinic of Neonatology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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5
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Yi E, Han SM, Chang JE, Kim HT, Kim JK, Seo SJ, Chung JH, Jheon S. Synchrotron tomographic images from human lung adenocarcinoma: Three-dimensional reconstruction and histologic correlations. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 80:1141-1148. [PMID: 28730614 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution tomographic images using synchrotron X-rays are expected to provide detailed reflection of microstructures, thereby allowing for the examination of histologic structures without destruction of the specimen. This study aims to evaluate the synchrotron tomographic images of mixed ground-glass opacity excised on 5-mm sections in comparison to pathologic examination. The Institutional Review Board of our institute approved this retrospective study, and written informed consent was obtained from each patient whose lung tissue would be used. Obtained lung cancer specimens were brought to the multiple Wiggler 6C beam line at the Pohang Light Source (PLS-II) in Korea, and phase contrast X-ray images were obtained in November 2016. The X-ray emanated from a bending magnet of the electron storage ring with electron energy of 3 GeV, and a typical beam current was 320 mA. Reconstructed tomographic images were compared with images from histologic slides obtained from the same samples. Pulmonary microstructures including terminal bronchioles, alveolar sacs, and vasculature were identified with phase contrast X-ray images. Images from normal lung tissue and mixed ground-glass opacity were clearly distinguishable. Hyperplasia of the interalveolar septum and dysplasia of microstructure were clearly identified. The imaging findings correlated well with hematoxylin-eosin stained specimens. Tomographic images using synchrotron radiation have the potential for clinical applications. With refinement, this technique may become a diagnostic tool for detection of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjue Yi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Mi Han
- Anatomy, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk, 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Chang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, 13602, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Tae Kim
- Anatomy, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk, 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ki Kim
- Biomedical Engineering and Radiology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk, 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Seo
- Biomedical Engineering and Radiology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongbuk, 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Haeng Chung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, 13602, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Jheon
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, 13602, Republic of Korea.,Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
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6
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Deman P, Tan S, Belev G, Samadi N, Martinson M, Chapman D, Ford NL. Respiratory-gated KES imaging of a rat model of acute lung injury at the Canadian Light Source. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2017; 24:679-685. [PMID: 28452761 PMCID: PMC5477483 DOI: 10.1107/s160057751700193x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, contrast-enhanced X-ray tomographic imaging for monitoring and quantifying respiratory disease in preclinical rodent models is proposed. A K-edge imaging method has been developed at the Canadian Light Source to very accurately obtain measurements of the concentration of iodinated contrast agent in the pulmonary vasculature and inhaled xenon in the airspaces of rats. To compare the iodine and xenon concentration maps, a scout projection image was acquired to define the region of interest within the thorax for imaging and to ensure the same locations were imaged in each K-edge subtraction (KES) acquisition. A method for triggering image acquisition based on the real-time measurements of respiration was also developed to obtain images during end expiration when the lungs are stationary, in contrast to other previously published studies that alter the respiration to accommodate the image acquisition. In this study, images were obtained in mechanically ventilated animals using physiological parameters at the iodine K-edge in vivo and at the xenon K-edge post mortem (but still under mechanical ventilation). The imaging techniques were performed in healthy Brown Norway rats and in age-matched littermates that had an induced lung injury to demonstrate feasibility of the imaging procedures and the ability to correlate the lung injury and the quantitative measurements of contrast agent concentrations between the two KES images. The respiratory-gated KES imaging protocol can be easily adapted to image during any respiratory phase and is feasible for imaging disease models with compromised lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Deman
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3
| | - S. Tan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3
| | - G. Belev
- Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N2V3
| | - N. Samadi
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N5A9
| | - M. Martinson
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N5A9
| | - D. Chapman
- Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N2V3
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N5A9
| | - N. L. Ford
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3
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7
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Dullin C, Larsson E, Tromba G, Markus AM, Alves F. Phase-contrast computed tomography for quantification of structural changes in lungs of asthma mouse models of different severity. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2015; 22:1106-11. [PMID: 26134818 PMCID: PMC4489538 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515006177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lung imaging in mouse disease models is crucial for the assessment of the severity of airway disease but remains challenging due to the small size and the high porosity of the organ. Synchrotron inline free-propagation phase-contrast computed tomography (CT) with its intrinsic high soft-tissue contrast provides the necessary sensitivity and spatial resolution to analyse the mouse lung structure in great detail. Here, this technique has been applied in combination with single-distance phase retrieval to quantify alterations of the lung structure in experimental asthma mouse models of different severity. In order to mimic an in vivo situation as close as possible, the lungs were inflated with air at a constant physiological pressure. Entire mice were embedded in agarose gel and imaged using inline free-propagation phase-contrast CT at the SYRMEP beamline (Synchrotron Light Source, `Elettra', Trieste, Italy). The quantification of the obtained phase-contrast CT data sets revealed an increasing lung soft-tissue content in mice correlating with the degree of the severity of experimental allergic airways disease. In this way, it was possible to successfully discriminate between healthy controls and mice with either mild or severe allergic airway disease. It is believed that this approach may have the potential to evaluate the efficacy of novel therapeutic strategies that target airway remodelling processes in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dullin
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch Strasse 40, Goettingen, Lower Saxony 37075, Germany
| | - Emanuel Larsson
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, Basovizza (Trieste) 34149, Italy
- Department of Architecture and Engineering, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linkoeping University, SE-581 83 Linkoeping, Sweden
| | - Giuliana Tromba
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, Basovizza (Trieste) 34149, Italy
| | - Andrea M. Markus
- Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch Strasse 40, Goettingen, Lower Saxony 37075, Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch Strasse 40, Goettingen, Lower Saxony 37075, Germany
- Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert Koch Strasse 40, Goettingen, Lower Saxony 37075, Germany
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institut for Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, Goettingen, Lower Saxony 37075, Germany
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8
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Lovric G, Barré SF, Schittny JC, Roth-Kleiner M, Stampanoni M, Mokso R. Dose optimization approach to fast X-ray microtomography of the lung alveoli. J Appl Crystallogr 2013; 46:856-860. [PMID: 24046488 PMCID: PMC3769076 DOI: 10.1107/s0021889813005591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A basic prerequisite for in vivo X-ray imaging of the lung is the exact determination of radiation dose. Achieving resolutions of the order of micrometres may become particularly challenging owing to increased dose, which in the worst case can be lethal for the imaged animal model. A framework for linking image quality to radiation dose in order to optimize experimental parameters with respect to dose reduction is presented. The approach may find application for current and future in vivo studies to facilitate proper experiment planning and radiation risk assessment on the one hand and exploit imaging capabilities on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Lovric
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5234 Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien F. Barré
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Matthias Roth-Kleiner
- Clinic of Neonatology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Stampanoni
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5234 Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rajmund Mokso
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5234 Villigen, Switzerland
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Walker C, Gupta S, Raj V, Siddiqui S, Brightling CE. Imaging advances in asthma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 5:453-65. [PMID: 23484630 DOI: 10.1517/17530059.2011.609886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is a global burden, affecting 5% of the general adult population, with approximately 5 - 10% suffering from severe asthma. Severe asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease entity, with high morbidity and mortality. Recent years have seen the introduction of a vast array of new imaging technologies, which have provided the ability to comprehensively, non-invasively and functionally assess the lungs. These advances have resulted in a better understanding of the pathophysiology in severe asthma and have the unprecedented potential to unravel the structure-function relationship of severe asthma in the future. AREAS COVERED This review article chronologically describes the technological advances currently used and to be used in the future. The article covers pitfalls in imaging of the airways and lung parenchyma in asthma from chest x-rays, CT scans, MRI, confocal florescence endomicroscopy to computational fluid dynamics. EXPERT OPINION Novel qualitative and quantitative imaging techniques have enabled us to study the large airway architecture in detail, assess the small airway structure and perform functional or novel physiological evaluations. Despite spectacular advances in imaging techniques and the birth of new modalities, there is an urgent need for both proof-of-concept studies, large cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical trials in severe asthma to validate and clinically correlate imaging-derived measures. This will extend our current understanding of the pathophysiology of severe asthma, and unravel the structure-function relationship, with the potential to discover novel severe asthma phenotypes, predict mortality, morbidity and response to existing and novel pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Walker
- University of Leicester , Institute for Lung Health, Department of Infection , Inflammation and Immunity, Leicester , UK
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Thurgood J, Hooper S, Siew M, Wallace M, Dubsky S, Kitchen M, Jamison RA, Carnibella R, Fouras A. Functional lung imaging during HFV in preterm rabbits. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48122. [PMID: 23118938 PMCID: PMC3484156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although high frequency ventilation (HFV) is an effective mode of ventilation, there is limited information available in regard to lung dynamics during HFV. To improve the knowledge of lung function during HFV we have developed a novel lung imaging and analysis technique. The technique can determine complex lung motion information in vivo with a temporal resolution capable of observing HFV dynamics. Using high-speed synchrotron based phase contrast X-ray imaging and cross-correlation analysis, this method is capable of recording data in more than 60 independent regions across a preterm rabbit lung in excess of 300 frames per second (fps). This technique is utilised to determine regional intra-breath lung mechanics of preterm rabbit pups during HFV. Whilst ventilated at fixed pressures, each animal was ventilated at frequencies of 1, 3, 5 and 10 Hz. A 50% decrease in delivered tidal volume was measured at 10 Hz compared to 1 Hz, yet at the higher frequency a 500% increase in minute activity was measured. Additionally, HFV induced greater homogeneity of lung expansion activity suggesting this ventilation strategy potentially minimizes tissue damage and improves gas mixing. The development of this technique permits greater insight and further research into lung mechanics and may have implications for the improvement of ventilation strategies used to support severe pulmonary trauma and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Thurgood
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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11
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King GG. Current and emerging imaging in relation to drug discovery in airways disease. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2011; 24:497-504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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De Backer JW, Vos WG, Vinchurkar SC, Claes R, Drollmann A, Wulfrank D, Parizel PM, Germonpré P, De Backer W. Validation of computational fluid dynamics in CT-based airway models with SPECT/CT. Radiology 2011; 257:854-62. [PMID: 21084417 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.10100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the results obtained by using numerical flow simulations with the results of combined single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography (CT) and to demonstrate the importance of correct boundary conditions for the numerical methods to account for the large amount of interpatient variability in airway geometry. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was approved by all relevant institutional review boards. All patients gave their signed informed consent. In this study, six patients with mild asthma (three men; three women; overall mean age, 46 years ± 17 [standard deviation]) underwent CT at functional residual capacity and total lung capacity, as well as SPECT/CT. CT data were used for segmentation and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. A comparison was made between airflow distribution, as derived with (a) SPECT/CT through tracer concentration analysis, (b) CT through lobar expansion measurement, and (c) CFD through flow computer simulation. Also, the heterogeneity of the ventilation was examined. RESULTS Good agreement was found between SPECT/CT, CT, and CFD in terms of airflow distribution and hot spot detection. The average difference for the internal airflow distribution was less than 3% for CFD and CT versus SPECT/CT. Heterogeneity in ventilation patterns could be detected with SPECT/CT and CFD. CONCLUSION This results of this study show that patient-specific computer simulations with appropriate boundary conditions yield information that is similar to that obtained with functional imaging tools, such as SPECT/CT. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.10100322/-/DC1.
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Shi C, Boehme S, Hartmann EK, Markstaller K. Novel technologies to detect atelectotrauma in the injured lung. Exp Lung Res 2010; 37:18-25. [PMID: 20860539 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2010.501402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclical recruitment and derecruitment of lung parenchyma (R/D) remains a serious problem in ALI/ARDS patients, defined as atelectotrauma. Detection of cyclical R/D to titrate the optimal respiratory settings is of high clinical importance. Image-based technologies that are capable of detecting changes of lung ventilation within a respiratory cycle include dynamic computed tomography (dCT), synchrotron radiation computed tomography (SRCT), and electrical impedance tomography (EIT). Time-dependent intra-arterial oxygen tension monitoring represents an alternative approach to detect cyclical R/D, as cyclical R/D can result in oscillations of PaO₂ within a respiratory cycle. Continuous, ultrafast, on-line in vivo measurement of PaO₂ can be provided by an indwelling PaO₂ probe. In addition, monitoring of fast changes in SaO₂ by pulse oximetry technology at the bedside could also be used to detect those fast changes in oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
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Abstract
Significant advances continue in the subjective and quantifiable imaging features of asthma. Radiologists need to be aware of not only the general features, but also potential asthma mimics as well as complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyn Q Woods
- Division of Radiology, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
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