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Zugni F, Mariani L, Lambregts DMJ, Maggioni R, Summers PE, Granata V, Pecchi A, Di Costanzo G, De Muzio F, Cardobi N, Giovagnoni A, Petralia G. Whole-body MRI in oncology: acquisition protocols, current guidelines, and beyond. LA RADIOLOGIA MEDICA 2024:10.1007/s11547-024-01851-6. [PMID: 38990426 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-024-01851-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Acknowledging the increasing use of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) in the oncological setting, we conducted a narrative review focusing on practical aspects of the examination and providing a synthesis of various acquisition protocols described in the literature. Firstly, we addressed the topic of patient preparation, emphasizing methods to enhance examination acceptance. This included strategies for reducing anxiety and patient distress, improving staff-patient interactions, and increasing overall patient comfort. Secondly, we analysed WB-MRI acquisition protocols recommended in existing imaging guidelines, such as MET-RADS-P, MY-RADS, and ONCO-RADS, and provided an overview of acquisition protocols reported in the literature regarding other expanding applications of WB-MRI in oncology, in patients with breast cancer, ovarian cancer, melanoma, colorectal and lung cancer, lymphoma, and cancers of unknown primary. Finally, we suggested possible acquisition parameters for whole-body images across MR systems from three different vendors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Zugni
- Division of Radiology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Leonardo Mariani
- Postgraduation School in Radiodiagnostics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Doenja M J Lambregts
- Department of Radiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roberta Maggioni
- Division of Radiology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paul E Summers
- Division of Radiology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Division of Radiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Annarita Pecchi
- Department of Radiology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Federica De Muzio
- Department of Radiology, Pineta Grande Hospital, Via Domitiana Km 30, Castel Volturno, Italy
| | - Nicolò Cardobi
- Radiology Unit, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Giovagnoni
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Delle Marche", Ancona, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Petralia
- Division of Radiology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Goceri E, Shah ZK, Layman R, Jiang X, Gurcan MN. Quantification of liver fat: A comprehensive review. Comput Biol Med 2016; 71:174-89. [PMID: 26945465 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fat accumulation in the liver causes metabolic diseases such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes or dyslipidemia by affecting insulin resistance, and increasing the risk of cardiac complications and cardiovascular disease mortality. Fatty liver diseases are often reversible in their early stage; therefore, there is a recognized need to detect their presence and to assess its severity to recognize fat-related functional abnormalities in the liver. This is crucial in evaluating living liver donors prior to transplantation because fat content in the liver can change liver regeneration in the recipient and donor. There are several methods to diagnose fatty liver, measure the amount of fat, and to classify and stage liver diseases (e.g. hepatic steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis): biopsy (the gold-standard procedure), clinical (medical physics based) and image analysis (semi or fully automated approaches). Liver biopsy has many drawbacks: it is invasive, inappropriate for monitoring (i.e., repeated evaluation), and assessment of steatosis is somewhat subjective. Qualitative biomarkers are mostly insufficient for accurate detection since fat has to be quantified by a varying threshold to measure disease severity. Therefore, a quantitative biomarker is required for detection of steatosis, accurate measurement of severity of diseases, clinical decision-making, prognosis and longitudinal monitoring of therapy. This study presents a comprehensive review of both clinical and automated image analysis based approaches to quantify liver fat and evaluate fatty liver diseases from different medical imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgin Goceri
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
| | - Zarine K Shah
- Department of Radiology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Rick Layman
- Department of Radiology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Metin N Gurcan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
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Ouyang Z, Ouyang Y, Zhu M, Lu Y, Zhang Z, Shi J, Li X, Ren G. Diffusion-weighted imaging with fat suppression using short-tau inversion recovery: Clinical utility for diagnosis of breast lesions. Clin Radiol 2014; 69:e337-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Comparison of PET-CT and magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging with body suppression (DWIBS) for initial staging of malignant lymphomas. Eur J Radiol 2013; 82:2011-7. [PMID: 23932096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical impact of diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) in staging of malignant lymphoma. METHODS Twenty-three patients with proven malignant lymphomas were prospectively enrolled. DWIBS (b=0, 1000 s/mm(2)) examinations and PET-CT were performed respectively on an Intera 1.5 T unit and a Gyroscan PET-CT scan (Philips Medical system, Best, the Netherland). The criteria for positive node involvement were a size over 10 mm or an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value under 0.7510(-3) mm(2)/s for nodes under 10mm. For extranodal analysis, a high or heterogeneous signal on DWIBS was considered as positive. In cases of discordance, the reference standard for each region or organ was established at 6 months after the diagnosis according to all available clinical, biological information, as well as histological evidence or follow-up to prove or disprove the presence of disease. RESULTS DWIBS and PET-CT results were congruent in 333 node regions on the 345 areas analyzed, with excellent agreement (κ=0.97, P<0.0001). From 433 organs analyzed (one patient had splenectomy) extranodal disease was detected in 22 organs on DWIBS. The two imaging techniques agreed on 430 organs (κ=0.99, P<0.0001). Finally, Ann Arbor stages based on DWIBS and those of PET/CT were in agreement for 23 patients. CONCLUSIONS For malignant lymphoma in a pre-therapeutic context, agreement between diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging and PET/CT is high for Ann Arbor staging.
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