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Hoitsy M, Hoitsy G, Gál J, Ziszisz Á, Tóth T, Sós E, Sós-Koroknai V, Jakab C, Petneházy Ö, Donkó T, Molnár T, Marosán M. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) adenocarcinoma investigation with various diagnostic imaging techniques. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2024; 47:e13951. [PMID: 38587087 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Diagnostic imaging techniques provide a new aspect of the ante-mortem and post-mortem diagnostics in fish medicine. Ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide more information about the internal organs and pathognomic lesions. The authors used diagnostic imaging techniques to evaluate and describe the neoplastic malformation in a 3-year-old female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The fish was examined with Siemens Somatom Definition AS + CT scanner and Siemens Biograph mMR scanner. The animal was lethargic and showed anorectic signs and muscular dystrophy. During the post-mortem investigation, histopathology and immunohistochemistry were also performed allowing us to identify the neoplasms. The results showed a large soft tissue mass in the first mid-intestine segment, which proved to be an adenocarcinoma. This subsequently led to digestion problems and absorption disorders. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells of carcinoma revealed E-cadherin and pancytokeratin positivity. This is the first study to report the use of MRI and CT for studying gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma in rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Hoitsy
- Department of Exotic Animal and Wildlife Medicine and Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- Budapest Zoo and Botanical Garden, Budapest, Hungary
- Vet4Fish Kft, Szada, Hungary
| | - György Hoitsy
- Vet4Fish Kft, Szada, Hungary
- Hoitsy és Rieger Kft, Miskolc, Hungary
| | - János Gál
- Department of Exotic Animal and Wildlife Medicine and Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Árisz Ziszisz
- Department of Exotic Animal and Wildlife Medicine and Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tóth
- Department of Exotic Animal and Wildlife Medicine and Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Endre Sós
- Budapest Zoo and Botanical Garden, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Csaba Jakab
- Practitioner Veterinarian, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Örs Petneházy
- Medicopus Nonprofit Kft, Kaposvár, Hungary
- Department of Physiology and Animal Health, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Physiology and Nutrition, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | | | - Tamás Molnár
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Miklós Marosán
- Department of Exotic Animal and Wildlife Medicine and Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
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Henry PMN, Boag AM, Dandrieux JRS, Rossi R, Woods GA. Diagnostic yield of percutaneous, ultrasound-guided, fine needle aspirates of the gastrointestinal wall: a retrospective analysis of 152 samples. J Small Anim Pract 2024. [PMID: 38958024 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to assess the technical success of percutaneous ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirates of gastrointestinal wall lesions and evaluate predictors of success. Secondary aims included comparing the cytological diagnosis with histopathology, evaluating the utility of concurrent locoregional lymph node cytology and assessing the procedure's complication rate. MATERIAL AND METHODS Gastrointestinal wall cytology from 75 dogs and 70 cats obtained between 2018 and 2023 were reviewed and categorised as successful (resulting in a diagnostic cytology report) and accurate (resulting in the correct diagnosis when compared to histopathology). Unsuccessful fine needle aspirates, not submitted for cytology, were not recorded. Variables recorded included animal signalment, lesion and lymph node's appearance on ultrasound, size, location, number of smears submitted and experience of the ultrasonographer. RESULTS One hundred and fifty-two reports were analysed. Eighty-eight (58%) were successful: three normal epithelium, 21 inflammatory processes and 64 neoplasms. Variables associated with increased technical success included description of a mass, higher number of slides submitted and thickness of gastrointestinal lesion on ultrasound. Comparison with histopathology, performed for 17 lesions, showed discrepancies in eight, complete agreement in seven and partial in two. Eighty-four loco-regional lymph nodes were sampled, of which, 67 were successful (80%) and 52 brought additional clinical information (supporting GI wall cytology or diagnosing neoplasia not identified on GI wall cytology). No complication strictly attributable to gastrointestinal wall sampling was reported but when possibly related, death of the patient occurred in 2.5% of cases. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirate of gastrointestinal wall had moderate accuracy and was unsuccessful in 42% of cases, but technical success increased when sampling mass lesions, thicker intestinal layers and submitting more slides.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M N Henry
- Hospital for Small Animals, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, UK
| | - A M Boag
- Hospital for Small Animals, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, UK
| | - J R S Dandrieux
- Hospital for Small Animals, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, UK
| | - R Rossi
- Hospital for Small Animals, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, UK
| | - G A Woods
- Hospital for Small Animals, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, UK
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Takedai T, Block N, Pinal KM, Frederick SW. Results of routine thoracic radiographic examinations rarely impact the plan to proceed with anesthetic procedures in dogs with presumed acute intervertebral disc herniation. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1385814. [PMID: 38650854 PMCID: PMC11033516 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1385814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) constitutes an emergency because associated neurological clinical signs can be progressive, with prognosis dependent on preoperative presence of deep pain perception. Pre-anesthetic thoracic radiographs are routinely performed to evaluate for potential pathology that could result in increased risk or change in overall prognosis. However, due to the emergent nature of this disease, the weight of thoracic radiographic findings on treatment plans for these dogs in unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical benefit of thoracic radiographs prior to advanced spinal imaging and surgery for acute non-ambulatory dogs with suspected T3-L3 myelopathy. Methods Consecutive dogs presented with presumed acute IVDH between July 2020-July 2022 were identified, and medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Age, body weight, and alteration of treatment plan were compared between the dogs with positive thoracic pathology identified on thoracic radiographs and those with negative thoracic pathology. Results Only 2/105 dogs had their diagnostic and treatment plans changed due to thoracic radiographic findings. Dogs with radiographic pathology diagnosed (2/16) were more likely to have their treatment plans changed than dogs with no radiographic pathology (0/89) (p = 0.014). The odds of radiographic thoracic pathology were 4.6 times higher in dogs aged 12 years or older [OR 4.6 (95%CI 1.2-17, p = 0.026]. Discussion Performing routine thoracic radiography prior to advanced (anesthetized) diagnostic spinal imaging in presumed IVDH cases rarely resulted in a change to the treatment plan, thought eh practice may be clinically relevant in dogs 12 years of age or older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teiko Takedai
- Surgery Department, BluePearl Specialty and Emergency Pet Hospital, Maitland, FL, United States
| | - Nicole Block
- Neurology Department, BluePearl Specialty and Emergency Pet Hospital, Sandy Springs, GA, United States
| | - Karina M. Pinal
- Neurology Department, BluePearl Specialty and Emergency Pet Hospital, Sandy Springs, GA, United States
| | - Steven W. Frederick
- Science, BluePearl Specialty and Emergency Pet Hospital, Sandy Springs, GA, United States
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Sato Y, Tagami T, Akimoto T, Takiguchi T, Endo Y, Tsukamoto T, Hara Y, Yokobori S. Development and validation of a novel overhead method for anteroposterior radiographs of fractured rat femurs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5536. [PMID: 38448630 PMCID: PMC10918096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56238-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to establish a new method of obtaining femur anteroposterior radiographs from live rats. We used five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats and created a femoral fracture model with an 8 mm segmental fragment. After the surgery, we obtained two femoral anteroposterior radiographs, a novel overhead method, and a traditional craniocaudal view. We obtained the overhead method three times, craniocaudal view once, and anteroposterior radiograph of the isolated femoral bone after euthanasia. We compared the overhead method and craniocaudal view with an isolated femoral anteroposterior view. We used a two-sample t-test and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to estimate the intra-observer reliability. The overhead method had significantly smaller differences than the craniocaudal view for nail length (1.53 ± 1.26 vs. 11.4 ± 3.45, p < 0.001, ICC 0.96) and neck shaft angle (5.82 ± 3.8 vs. 37.8 ± 5.7, p < 0.001, ICC 0.96). No significant differences existed for intertrochanteric length/femoral head diameter (0.23 ± 0.13 vs. 0.23 ± 0.13, p = 0.96, ICC 0.98) or lateral condyle/medial condyle width (0.15 ± 0.16 vs. 0.13 ± 0.08, p = 0.82, ICC 0.99). A fragment displacement was within 0.11 mm (2.4%). The overhead method was closer to the isolated femoral anteroposterior view and had higher reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Sato
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takashi Tagami
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Musashikosugi Hospital, 1-396 Kosugimachi, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8533, Japan.
| | - Toshio Akimoto
- Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Takiguchi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Endo
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsukamoto
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hara
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Chibahokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Japan
| | - Shoji Yokobori
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Brooke N, Elliott J, Murphy T, Vera Stimpson L. Development of a radiographic technique for porcine head ballistic research. Radiography (Lond) 2023; 29:980-983. [PMID: 37595528 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The porcine model shows structural features comparable to that of humans and are routinely used within research, due to the ethical, legal, and practical use of post-mortem human samples. Methods for obtaining high quality and comparable reference data using standardised acquisition protocols are essential. METHODS The decapitated heads of three adult white sows were subjected to radiographic imaging before and after cranial trauma (9 mm, Heckler and Koch MP5). Digital radiographs were generated using a Siemens MULTIX TOP system with an Agfa digital detector, with foam blocks and sandbags as ancillary equipment. An iterative approach was adopted by the authors to generate reproducible radiographic views from two perpendicular angles. Specimens were kept at 5 °C and wrapped in polythene bags to reduce the impact of putrefaction. RESULTS Standardised head radiography technique was developed for superior-inferior and lateral views demonstrating porcine anatomy. Key parameters included: automatic exposure control for tube current (∼4 mAs), tube voltage of 73 kVp, 100 cm source to image receptor distance, and an anti-scatter grid. Slight variances in specimen morphology, developmental status, and soft tissue changes did not affect imaging outcomes. CONCLUSION The technique and positioning proposed in this study allows for the acquisition of high quality and reproducible radiographic images for comparable ballistic research datasets. Specimen positioning and centring of the primary beam may be applied across porcine breeds, although individual radiographic parameters may differ according to equipment specifications and specimen size. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Development of a reproducible radiographic technique of porcine heads in forensic and veterinary research.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Brooke
- School of Law, Policing and Social Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - J Elliott
- School of Allied and Public Health Professions, Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - T Murphy
- Kent Police Tactical Firearms Unit, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - L Vera Stimpson
- School of Law, Policing and Social Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, United Kingdom.
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Methods of Radiographic Measurements of Heart and Left Atrial Size in Dogs with and without Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease: Intra- and Interobserver Agreement and Practicability of Different Methods. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192531. [PMID: 36230272 PMCID: PMC9559670 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dogs suffering from Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease (MMVD) show a potential heart enlargement, especially in the left atrium, detectable by radiography. Due to digital radiography, different radiographic measurements estimate cardiac size quite uncomplicatedly. The Vertebral Heart Size (VHS), Radiographic Left Atrial Dimension (RLAD), Left Atrial Width (LAWidth), and the Vertebral Left Atrial Size (VLAS) used anatomical landmarks for measuring cardiac size in relation to the vertebral column. This study aimed to compare VHS, RLAD, LAWidth, and VLAS measured in conventional and inverted radiographs by veterinarians with different levels of experience in healthy dogs and dogs with MMVD. The reliability and user-friendliness of these measurements were evaluated, and the staging was compared to the echocardiography staging. A total of 50 unaffected dogs and 150 dogs with MMVD in stages B1, B2, and C were assessed. Three veterinarians with different levels of experience examined 200 conventional radiographs and their corresponding inverted radiographs blinded to the echocardiographic and clinical examination results. Analyses were performed to compare the measurements’ grading and determine anatomical landmarks with measurement difficulties. Additionally, inter- and intraobserver agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient, and the agreement between radiographic and echocardiographic staging was compared using the kappa coefficient. The VHS, LAWidth, and VLAS were easier to define than the RLAD. The interobserver agreement was almost perfect for VHS (0.962) and good for the other radiographic measurements (RLAD: 0.778, LAWidth: 0.772, VLAS: 0.858). The VHS assigned the most dogs to the correct stage. However, VHS, RLAD, LAWidth, and VLAS presented an almost perfect intraobserver agreement. The dorsal left atrial margin of the RLAD was the most difficult measurement point to identify. The VHS is the most reproducible radiographic method for measuring the canine heart size and shows the highest agreement with echocardiography. An observer-related influence could be detected for RLAD, LAWidth, and VLAS.
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