1
|
Zhao C, Tong L, Liu B, Qi F, Zhang Z, Guo Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Lu B, Li B, Zhang T. Plasma hepatocyte growth factor as a noninvasive biomarker in small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:973. [PMID: 37828456 PMCID: PMC10568809 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10995-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a peptide-containing multifunctional cytokine, which is overexpressed and/or activated in multiple malignancies and is reported to be associated with tumor development and inferior survival. At present, the role of HGF in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has not been fully explored yet. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of HGF and its value in predicting survival in SCLC were explored from GEO database and in pan-cancer analysis. Furthermore, we detected the expression of HGF using tumor tissue and paired plasma samples from a validation cohort of 71 SCLC patients at our institute. Correlation between tumor and plasma HGF expression and the prognostic values were analyzed. RESULTS GEO database analysis revealed that tumor tissue had lower HGF expression than paired normal tissue in SCLC. At our institute, immunohistochemical staining showed negative expression of HGF in tumor tissue of SCLC at our institute (47/47, 100%). The average baseline plasma HGF was 1.28 (range,0.42-4.35) ng/ml. However, plasma HGF was higher in SCLC patients with patients with N3, M1, liver metastasis (LM) and bone metastasis (BM) disease compared with those N0 - 2 (1.25 vs. 1.75 ng/mL, P = 0.000), M0 (1.26 vs. 1.63 ng/mL, P = 0.003), non-LM (1.32 vs. 2.06 ng/mL, P = 0.009), and non-BM (1.35 vs. 1.77 ng/mL, P = 0.047), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed plasma HGF was an independent predictor for LM and prognostic factor of OS. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that plasma HGF rather than tumor HGF exhibited a potential role in predicting metastasis and survival in SCLC. Plasma HGF might be used as a non-invasive detecting and monitoring tool for SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhao
- General Department, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Li Tong
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Cancer research center, Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Qi
- General Department, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Zhiyun Zhang
- General Department, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
- Cancer research center, Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Emergency Department, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxia Liu
- General Department, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
- Cancer research center, Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- General Department, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Cancer research center, Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Baohua Lu
- General Department, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Baolan Li
- General Department, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Tongmei Zhang
- General Department, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Modifications of liver stiffness and CXCL4, TGF-β1 and HGF are similar in HCV- and HIV/HCV-infected patients after DAAs. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9824. [PMID: 33972651 PMCID: PMC8110591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89370-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to identify predictive factors of fibrosis regression after direct antiviral agents (DAAs) in HCV-monoinfected and HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. This was a prospective study of HCV-monoinfected (n = 20), HIV/HCV-co-infected (n = 66) patients and healthy controls (n = 15). Patients had started DAAs and achieved sustained virological response. Liver stiffness (LS) and serum concentrations of profibrotic transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and CXC chemokine ligand 4 (CXCL4) and antifibrotic HGF hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were analyzed at baseline (M0) and 12 months after starting DAAs (M12). A M12 LS achievement of ≤ 9.5 kPa was considered the cutoff point to discharge from a liver clinic. The LS decrease from M0 to M12 was 34%. No significant differences were observed in LS decline between HCV- and HIV/HCV-infected individuals. Changes of serum CXCL4, TGF-β1 and HGF levels did not correlate with LS improvement. 16 out from 56 patients (28%) with a baseline LS > 9.5 achieved a M12 LS ≤ 9.5. HCV-monoinfected and HIV/HCV coinfected patients experienced a significant reduction of LS after sustained virological response. This improvement did not correlate with changes in serum profibrotic or antifibrotic markers. A 29% of those with a baseline LS > 9.5 achieved a LS under this cutoff point.
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu DL, Lu LL, Dong LL, Liu Y, Bian XY, Lian BF, Xie L, Wen D, Gao DM, Ke AW, Fan J, Wu WZ. miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p suppress postoperative metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via blocking HGF/ERBB3-NF-κB positive feedback loop. Theranostics 2020; 10:3668-3683. [PMID: 32206115 PMCID: PMC7069088 DOI: 10.7150/thno.41365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of microRNA (miRNA) is a frequent event in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but little is known whether it is a bystander or an actual player on residual HCC metastasis during liver microenvironment remodeling initiated by hepatectomy. Methods: The differently expressed miRNAs and mRNAs were identified from RNA-seq data. Western blot, qRT-PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical were used to detect the expression of miRNA and mRNA in cell lines and patient tissues. The biological functions were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, proximity ligation and luciferase reporter assay were used to explore the specific binding of target genes. The expression of HGF/ERBB3 signaling was detected by Western blot. Results: In this study, HGF induced by hepatectomy was shown to promote metastasis of residual HCC cells. miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p were confirmed to play inhibitory roles on HCC metastasis. And ERBB3 was found to be the common target of miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p. HCC cells with lower levels of miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p or higher level of ERBB3 were often more sensitive to response HGF stimuli and to facilitate metastatic colonization both in vitro and in vivo experimental systems. Furthermore, HGF reinforced ERBB3 expression by NF-κB transcriptional activity in a positive feedback loop. Of particular importance, HCC patients with lower levels of miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p or higher level of ERBB3 had significantly shorter OS and PFS survivals after surgical resection. Conclusion: miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p could suppress postoperative metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via blocking HGF/ERBB3-NF-κB positive feedback loop and offer a new probable strategy for metastasis prevention after HCC resection.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ponomarev AV, Shubina IZ. Insights Into Mechanisms of Tumor and Immune System Interaction: Association With Wound Healing. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1115. [PMID: 31709183 PMCID: PMC6823879 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of studies have presented a great deal of information about tumor and immune system interaction. Nevertheless, the problem of tumor evasion from the immune reaction is still difficult to resolve. Understanding the ways in which immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment develops and maintains its potential is of utmost importance to ensure the best use of the suppressed immune functions. The study presents a review covering the data on tumor-associated antigens, mechanisms of tumor evasion from the immune reactions, and search for common immunosuppressive processes of tumor growth and normal wound healing. The study discusses the important role of monocytes/macrophages in the regulation of immune system reactions. We suggest that the simultaneous actions of growth factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines may result in the suppression of the immune system. The study describes intracellular signaling molecules that take part in the regulation of the myeloid cell functions. If the hypothesis is proved correct, the indicated interaction of cytokines could be regarded as a prospective target for antitumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina Zh Shubina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tumor and circulating biomarkers in patients with second-line hepatocellular carcinoma from the randomized phase II study with tivantinib. Oncotarget 2018; 7:72622-72633. [PMID: 27579536 PMCID: PMC5341932 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ARQ 197-215 was a randomized placebo-controlled phase II study testing the MET inhibitor tivantinib in second-line hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. It identified tumor MET as a key biomarker in HCC.Aim of this research was to study the prognostic and predictive value of tumor (MET, the receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the homonymous MNNG-HOS transforming gene) and circulating (MET, hepatocyte growth factor [HGF], alpha-fetoprotein [AFP], vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]) biomarkers in second-line HCC. Tumor MET-High status was centrally assessed by immunohistochemistry. Circulating biomarkers were centrally analyzed on serum samples collected at baseline and every 4-8 weeks, using medians as cut-off to determine High/Low status. Tumor MET, tested in 77 patients, was more frequently High after (82%) versus before (40%) sorafenib. A significant interaction (p = 0.04) between tivantinib and baseline tumor MET in terms of survival was observed. Baseline circulating MET and HGF (102 patients) High status correlated with shorter survival (HR 0.61, p = 0.03, and HR 0.60, p = 0.02, respectively), while the association between AFP (104 patients) or VEGF (103 patients) status and survival was non-significant. CONCLUSIONS Tumor MET levels were higher in patients treated with sorafenib. Circulating biomarkers such as MET and HGF may be prognostic in second-line HCC. These results need to be confirmed in larger randomized clinical trials.
Collapse
|
6
|
A phase I trial of escalating doses of cixutumumab (IMC-A12) and sorafenib in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018. [PMID: 29520435 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-018-3553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway is activated in hepatocarcinogenesis. Cixutumumab is a monoclonal antibody against human insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R). Given the cross-talk between the IGF and VEGF pathways, we performed a phase I study of the combination of cixutumumab and sorafenib in hepatocellular cancer (HCC). METHODS Eligible patients with no prior systemic therapy for advanced HCC and Child-Pugh A to B7 were treated with sorafenib 400 mg BID and escalating doses of cixutumumab (2, 4, or 6 mg/kg IV weekly) in a 3 + 3 design. Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as treatment-related grade 3 or 4 non-hematologic toxicity (except for a subset of manageable toxicities) or any grade 4 hematologic toxicities. RESULTS In 21 patients enrolled, there were 3 DLTs; grade 3 hyperglycemia, grade 3 hypophosphatemia, and grade 5 peritonitis. The maximum tolerated dose of cixutumumab was 4 mg/kg IV weekly with standard dose sorafenib. Eighteen of 21 (86%) patients had grade 3 or above toxicities attributed to treatment. One patient also experienced grade 4 colonic perforation and grade 5 peritonitis. The median number of cycles completed was 4 (0-26). Of 16 patients evaluable for response, 81% achieved stable disease. The median progression free survival was 6.0 months (95% CI 3.6-undefined) and the median overall survival was 10.5 months (95% CI 7.1-undefined). CONCLUSIONS While the combination of cixutumumab and sorafenib had a toxicity profile similar to that of sorafenib monotherapy, it manifested limited clinical efficacy in unselected patients with HCC.
Collapse
|
7
|
Deng YR, Liu WB, Lian ZX, Li X, Hou X. Sorafenib inhibits macrophage-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:38292-38305. [PMID: 27203677 PMCID: PMC5122390 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages, crucial components of the microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma, hamper anti-cancer immune responses. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of sorafenib on the formation of the tumor microenvironment, especially the relationship between polarized macrophages and hepatocytes. Macrophage infiltration was reduced in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who were treated with sorafenib. In vitro, sorafenib abolished polarized macrophage-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells but not normal hepatocytes. Moreover, sorafenib attenuated HGF secretion in polarized macrophages, and decreased plasma HGF in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Additionally, sorafenib abolished the polarized macrophage-induced activation of the HGF receptor Met in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Our findings suggest that sorafenib inhibits polarized macrophage-induced EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via the HGF-Met signaling pathway. These results contribute to our understanding of the immunological mechanisms that underlie the protective effects of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ru Deng
- Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Liver Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Immunology and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xingsheng Li
- Department of Gerontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Hou
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lin CY, Hu CT, Cheng CC, Lee MC, Pan SM, Lin TY, Wu WS. Oxidation of heat shock protein 60 and protein disulfide isomerase activates ERK and migration of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11067-82. [PMID: 26840563 PMCID: PMC4905458 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor c-Met were frequently deregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Signaling pathways activated by HGF-c-Met are promising targets for preventing HCC progression. HGF can induce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling for cell adhesion, migration and invasion of tumors including HCC. On the other hand, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), member of mitogen activated kinase, can be activated by ROS for a lot of cellular processes. As expected, HGF-induced phosphorylation of ERK and progression of HCC cell HepG2 were suppressed by ROS scavengers. By N-(biotinoyl)-N'-(iodoacetyl)-ethylenediamine (BIAM) labeling method, a lot of cysteine (-SH)-containing proteins with M.W. 50-75 kD were decreased in HepG2 treated with HGF or two other ROS generators, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and phenazine methosulfate. These redox sensitive proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Among them, two chaperones, heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), were found to be the most common redox sensitive proteins in responding to all three agonists. Affinity blot of BIAM-labeled, immunoprecipitated HSP60 and PDI verified that HGF can decrease the cysteine (-SH) containing HSP60 and PDI. On the other hand, HGF and TPA increased cysteinyl glutathione-containing HSP60, consistent with the decrease of cysteine (-SH)-containing HSP60. Moreover, depletion of HSP60 and PDI or expression of dominant negative mutant of HSP60 with alteration of Cys, effectively prevented HGF-induced ERK phosphorylation and HepG2 migration.In conclusion, the redox sensitive HSP60 and PDI are required for HGF-induced ROS signaling and potential targets for preventing HCC progressions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yi Lin
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tan Hu
- Research Centre for Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chu Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Che Lee
- Department of Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Siou-Mei Pan
- Research Centre for Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Yi Lin
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sheng Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Current Status and Future Prospects of Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Biol Markers 2017; 32:e361-e369. [PMID: 28967065 DOI: 10.5301/ijbm.5000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has one of the highest death rates of any cancer in the world, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Early-stage diagnosis of HCC is thus crucial for medical treatment. Detection of tumor biomarkers is one of the main methods for the early diagnosis of HCC. At present, α-fetoprotein (AFP) is the most practical serum biomarker for HCC diagnosis. However, the diagnostic accuracy of HCC with serum AFP exhibits both sensitivity and specificity far below satisfaction, especially with small sizes of HCC. As a result, the discovery of new biomarkers and/or their combination to enhance both the sensitivity and specificity for laboratory diagnosis of HCC is a crucial goal. With the development of new technology and advances in research, a number of new and specific biomarkers of HCC have been discovered. These biomarkers and their applications for the diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognosis prediction of HCC, are reviewed in this article.
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang CY, Zhou QY, Hu Y, Wen Y, Qiu ZW, Liang MG, Mo JL, Xu JH, Sun C, Liu FB, Chen XL. Hepatocyte growth factor is a prognostic marker in patients with colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:23459-23469. [PMID: 28423584 PMCID: PMC5410318 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a crucial factor associated with development, progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its prognostic value remains unclear. Thus studies referring to the correlation between HGF and CRC patients’ prognosis were included to explore the role of HGF in CRC. At last nine articles were included. The results showed that the over-expression of HGF was associated with a poor prognosis, presented through overall survival (OS, Hazard ratio (HR) = 2.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.12–2.96) and disease-free survival (DFS, HR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.59–2.50). Subgroup analysis indicated that no significant difference was found between the Asian countries (OS: HR = 2.37; DFS: HR = 2.02) and the non-Asian countries (OS: HR = 3.15; DFS: HR = 1.87), between the studies that used univariate analyses (OS: HR = 2.51; DFS: HR = 2.07) and those that used multivariate analyses (OS: HR = 2.65; DFS: HR = 1.78), and between metastatic CRC (OS: HR = 2.26; DFS: HR = 2.06) and stage I-IV CRC (OS: HR = 3.08; DFS: HR = 0.70). Our meta-analysis has shown that the over-expression of HGF is valuable in CRC prognosis evaluation. This conclusion should be further confirmed by large-sample cohort studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yuan Huang
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-Yi Zhou
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Hu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wen
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Wen Qiu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Man-Guang Liang
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Ling Mo
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Hua Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Cong Sun
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng-Bin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Lin Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Matsumoto K, Umitsu M, De Silva DM, Roy A, Bottaro DP. Hepatocyte growth factor/MET in cancer progression and biomarker discovery. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:296-307. [PMID: 28064454 PMCID: PMC5378267 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling driven by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and MET receptor facilitates conspicuous biological responses such as epithelial cell migration, 3‐D morphogenesis, and survival. The dynamic migration and promotion of cell survival induced by MET activation are bases for invasion–metastasis and resistance, respectively, against targeted drugs in cancers. Recent studies indicated that MET in tumor‐derived exosomes facilitates metastatic niche formation and metastasis in malignant melanoma. In lung cancer, gene amplification‐induced MET activation and ligand‐dependent MET activation in an autocrine/paracrine manner are causes for resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors. Hepatocyte growth factor secreted in the tumor microenvironment contributes to the innate and acquired resistance to RAF inhibitors. Changes in serum/plasma HGF, soluble MET (sMET), and phospho‐MET have been confirmed to be associated with disease progression, metastasis, therapy response, and survival. Higher serum/plasma HGF levels are associated with therapy resistance and/or metastasis, while lower HGF levels are associated with progression‐free survival and overall survival after treatment with targeted drugs in lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, and malignant melanoma. Urinary sMET levels in patients with bladder cancer are higher than those in patients without bladder cancer and associated with disease progression. Some of the multi‐kinase inhibitors that target MET have received regulatory approval, whereas none of the selective HGF‐MET inhibitors have shown efficacy in phase III clinical trials. Validation of the HGF‐MET pathway as a critical driver in cancer development/progression and utilization of appropriate biomarkers are key to development and approval of HGF‐MET inhibitors for clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunio Matsumoto
- Division of Tumor Dynamics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masataka Umitsu
- Laboratory of Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Dinuka M De Silva
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Arpita Roy
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Donald P Bottaro
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang Y, Du Z, Zhang M. Biomarker development in MET-targeted therapy. Oncotarget 2016; 7:37370-37389. [PMID: 27013592 PMCID: PMC5095083 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the MET receptor tyrosine kinase by its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), has been implicated in a variety of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, survival, migration, motility and invasion, all of which may be enhanced in human cancers. Aberrantly activated MET/HGF signaling correlates with tumorigenesis and metastasis, and is regarded as a robust target for the development of novel anti-cancer treatments. Various clinical trials were conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of selective HGF/MET inhibitors in cancer patients. There is currently no optimal or standardized method for accurate and reliable assessment of MET levels, or other biomarkers that are predictive of the patient response to MET-targeted therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the importance of accurate HGF/MET signal detection as a predictive biomarker to guide patient selection for clinical trials of MET-targeted therapies in human cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Zhang
- Amgen Biopharmaceutical Research and Development (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Du
- Amgen Biopharmaceutical Research and Development (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingqiang Zhang
- Amgen Biopharmaceutical Research and Development (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bouattour M, Payancé A, Wassermann J. Evaluation of antiangiogenic efficacy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Biomarkers and functional imaging. World J Hepatol 2015; 7:2245-2263. [PMID: 26380650 PMCID: PMC4568486 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i20.2245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many years after therapeutic wilderness, sorafenib finally showed a clinical benefit in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. After the primary general enthusiasm worldwide, some disappointments emerged particularly since no new treatment could exceed or at least match sorafenib in this setting. Without these new drugs, research focused on optimizing care of patients treated with sorafenib. One challenging research approach deals with identifying prognostic and predictive biomarkers of sorafenib in this population. The task still seems difficult; however appropriate investigations could resolve this dilemma, as observed for some malignancies where other drugs were used.
Collapse
|
14
|
El Deen HS, El Haddad HE. Significance of hepatocyte growth factor concentrations in serum of patients with liver cirrhosis and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/1110-7782.165437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
15
|
Fukushima K, Fukumoto T, Kuramitsu K, Kido M, Takebe A, Tanaka M, Itoh T, Ku Y. Assessment of ISGLS definition of posthepatectomy liver failure and its effect on outcome in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastrointest Surg 2014; 18:729-36. [PMID: 24297653 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-013-2423-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a major complication after hepatectomy. As there was no standardized definition, the International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS) defined PHLF as increased international normalized ratio and hyperbilirubinemia on or after postoperative day 5 in 2010. We evaluated the impact of the ISGLS definition of PHLF on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 210 consecutive HCC patients who underwent curative hepatectomy at our facility from 2005 to 2010. The median follow-up period after hepatectomy was 35.2 months. RESULTS Thirty-nine (18.6%) patients fulfilled the ISGLS definition of PHLF. Overall survival (OS) rates at 1, 3, and 5 years in patients with/without PHLF were 69.1/93.5, 45.1/72.5, and 45.1/57.8%, respectively (P = 0.002). Recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates at 1, 3, and 5 years in patients with/without PHLF were 40.9/65.9, 15.7/38.3, and 15.7/20.3%, respectively (P = 0.003). Multivariate analysis revealed that PHLF was significantly associated with both OS (P = 0.047) and RFS (P = 0.019). Extent of resection (P < 0.001), intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.002), and fibrosis stage (P = 0.040) were identified as independent risk factors for developing PHLF. CONCLUSION The ISGLS definition of PHLF was associated with OS and RFS in HCC patients, and long-term survival will be improved by reducing the incidence of PHLF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Fukushima
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chiba S, Tsuchiya N, Horikawa Y, Narita S, Inoue T, Akihama S, Saito M, Numakura K, Tsuruta H, Huang M, Satoh S, Habuchi T. Functional mononucleotide repeat polymorphism in the promoter region of HGF is associated with risk and malignant aggressiveness of bladder cancer. Int J Oncol 2013; 44:678-84. [PMID: 24366484 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been shown to be associated with aggressiveness in several types of cancer. Shorter variants of deoxyadenosine tract element (DATE) located in the HGF promoter region have been reported to enhance the expression of HGF. In this study, we investigated the role of HGF DATE variants in bladder cancer risk, HGF expression and clinicopathological features. The frequency of individuals with a short DATE (<28 repeats) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) was significantly higher in bladder cancer patients compared to controls (p<0.001). Somatic mutations were observed in 37 of 70 bladder tumor (BT) tissues and the frequency of mutation to long DATE was significantly higher than that to short DATE (p=0.047). The presence of the short DATE in BT tissue was significantly associated with higher tumor grade (p=0.015). HGF mRNA levels were significantly higher in pT2 tumors than pTa or pT1 tumors (p=0.019), and in grade 3 tumors than grade 1 or 2 tumors (p=0.020). Furthermore, BT tissues with the short DATE showed significantly higher levels of HGF mRNA (p<0.001). In patients who underwent radical cystectomy, those with higher HGF expression had a significantly shorter overall survival than those with lower HGF expression (p=0.012). In conclusion, HGF may be associated with the prognosis of patients who undergo radical cystectomy, and the HGF DATE may affect the risk and aggressiveness of bladder cancer by altering HGF expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syuji Chiba
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Norihiko Tsuchiya
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yohei Horikawa
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Shintaro Narita
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Inoue
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Susumu Akihama
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Numakura
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuruta
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Mingguo Huang
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Shigeru Satoh
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomonori Habuchi
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Silvestri A, Pin E, Huijbers A, Pellicani R, Parasido EM, Pierobon M, Petricoin E, Liotta L, Belluco C. Individualized therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. J Intern Med 2013; 274:1-24. [PMID: 23527888 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Systemic therapeutic efficacy is central to determining the outcome of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). In these patients, there is a critical need for predictive biomarkers to optimize efficacy whilst minimizing toxicity. The integration of a new generation of molecularly targeted drugs into the treatment of CRC, coupled with the development of sophisticated technologies for individual tumours as well as patient molecular profiling, underlines the potential for personalized medicine. In this review, we focus on the latest progress made within the genomic and proteomic fields, concerning predictive biomarkers for individualized therapy in metastatic CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Silvestri
- Division of Experimental Oncology 2, CRO-IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhu K, Dai Z, Zhou J. Biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma: progression in early diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized therapy. Biomark Res 2013; 1:10. [PMID: 24252133 PMCID: PMC4177612 DOI: 10.1186/2050-7771-1-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. Currently, surgical resection, liver transplantation, and local ablation are considered curative therapeutic practices for HCC. The diagnosis of HCC without pathologic confirmation is achieved by analyzing serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels combined with imaging techniques, including ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computerized tomography. Although progress has been made in the diagnosis and management of HCC, its prognosis remains dismal. Various new technologies have identified numerous novel biomarkers with potential diagnostic as well as prognostic value, including Dickkopf-1 and Golgi protein 73. These biomarkers not only help in the early diagnosis and prediction of prognosis, but also assist in identifying potential targets for therapeutic interventions. In this article, we provide an up-to-date review of the biomarkers that are used for early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and personalized treatment of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi Dai
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gao JJ, Inagaki Y, Xue X, Qu XJ, Tang W. c-Met: A potential therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug Discov Ther 2012; 5:2-11. [PMID: 22466090 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2011.v5.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The approval of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) targeted agent sorafenib as the first effective drug for the systemic treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a milestone in the treatment of this disease. A better understanding of HCC pathogenesis will lead to development of novel targeted treatments. As a typical member of the RTK family, c-Met represents an intriguing target for cancer therapy. The c-Met signaling pathway has been shown to be deregulated and to correlate with poor prognosis in a number of major human cancers. This review discusses the possibility of c-Met as a target in HCC treatment from the following respects: i) c-Met expression and activation profile in HCC, ii) relationship between c-Met and clinicopathologic state and prognosis of HCC, iii) role of c-Met signaling activity in HCC genesis and progression, and iv) strategy of c-Met pathway targeting therapy in HCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J J Gao
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Stimulus-induced expression of the ABCG2 multidrug transporter in HepG2 hepatocarcinoma model cells involves the ERK1/2 cascade and alternative promoters. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 426:172-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
21
|
Alteration of HGF and TSP-1 expression in ovarian carcinoma associated with clinical features. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2011; 38:57-64. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2011.01695.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
22
|
Nagai T, Arao T, Furuta K, Sakai K, Kudo K, Kaneda H, Tamura D, Aomatsu K, Kimura H, Fujita Y, Matsumoto K, Saijo N, Kudo M, Nishio K. Sorafenib inhibits the hepatocyte growth factor-mediated epithelial mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:169-77. [PMID: 21220499 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-10-0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) has emerged as a pivotal event in the development of the invasive and metastatic potentials of cancer progression. Sorafenib, a VEGFR inhibitor with activity against RAF kinase, is active against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the possible involvement of sorafenib in the EMT remains unclear. Here, we examined the effect of sorafenib on the EMT. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) induced EMT-like morphologic changes and the upregulation of SNAI1 and N-cadherin expression. The downregulation of E-cadherin expression in HepG2 and Huh7 HCC cell lines shows that HGF mediates the EMT in HCC. The knockdown of SNAI1 using siRNA canceled the HGF-mediated morphologic changes and cadherin switching, indicating that SNAI1 is required for the HGF-mediated EMT in HCC. Interestingly, sorafenib and the MEK inhibitor U0126 markedly inhibited the HGF-induced morphologic changes, SNAI1 upregulation, and cadherin switching, whereas the PI3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin did not. Collectively, these findings indicate that sorafenib downregulates SNAI1 expression by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, thereby inhibiting the EMT in HCC cells. In fact, a wound healing and migration assay revealed that sorafenib completely canceled the HGF-mediated cellular migration in HCC cells. In conclusion, we found that sorafenib exerts a potent inhibitory activity against the EMT by inhibiting MAPK signaling and SNAI1 expression in HCC. Our findings may provide a novel insight into the anti-EMT effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Nagai
- Kazuto Nishio, Department of Genome Biology, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
The effectiveness of particle radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus. J Gastroenterol 2011; 46:913-20. [PMID: 21516295 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-011-0398-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of patients who have hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus (IVCTT) is very poor, and effective treatment modalities are extremely limited. The objective of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of particle radiotherapy for HCC with IVCTT. METHODS Between June 2001 and January 2009, 16 evaluable patients who had HCC with IVCTT were treated with particle radiotherapy. They were divided into 2 groups: 6 were treated with curative intent; 10 with palliative intent. The local tumor control rates, overall survival rates, and toxicities were evaluated. RESULTS All tumors treated with particle radiotherapy remained controlled without local recurrence at the last follow-up. The overall survival rates for the 16 patients at 1 and 3 years were 61.1 and 36.7%, respectively. We observed a significant difference in the survival rates according to treatment policy. The median survival time was 25.4 months for patients treated with curative intent and 7.7 months for those treated with palliative intent. The one-year survival rates were 100.0 and 33.3%, respectively. No Grade 3 or higher treatment-related toxicities were observed. CONCLUSIONS Particle radiotherapy is thought to be potentially effective and safe for HCC with IVCTT. Considering the current lack of effective and less-invasive local therapy for HCC with IVCTT, particle radiotherapy may therefore be an attractive new therapeutic approach for this type of HCC.
Collapse
|
24
|
Barakat O, Rodriguez GC, Raijman I, Allison PM, Nieto J, Ozaki CF, Wood RP, Engler DA. Clinical value of plasma hepatocyte growth factor measurement for the diagnosis of periampullary cancer and prognosis after pancreaticoduodenectomy. J Surg Oncol 2011; 102:816-20. [PMID: 20812348 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) level may be a useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for various tumors. We investigated the utility of plasma HGF level measurements in diagnosing periampullary cancer (PAC). METHODS Of the patients enrolled in this pilot study (n = 118), 57 had PAC, 21 had benign pancreatic tumor (BPT), 20 had chronic pancreatitis (CP), and 20 were healthy controls. Plasma HGF was measured with ELISA kits. It was measured again at 10 days and 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). RESULTS Plasma HGF levels were significantly higher in PAC patients than in BPT patients, CP patients, or healthy controls. When a cutoff value of 1,120 pg/ml was used, 48/57 (84%) patients with PAC were positive for elevated HGF, but only 6/20 (30%) of patients with CP and none of the controls or patients with BPT were positive for elevated HGF. After PD, HGF levels were significantly elevated at day 10. CONCLUSIONS Plasma HGF level discriminates well between PAC and other, benign diseases. Therefore, HGF measurement could be a useful addition to the existing array of diagnostic tools for PAC pancreatic cancer. The higher postoperative value may reflect the stress of surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Barakat
- Department of General Surgery, The Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kasahara K, Arao T, Sakai K, Matsumoto K, Sakai A, Kimura H, Sone T, Horiike A, Nishio M, Ohira T, Ikeda N, Yamanaka T, Saijo N, Nishio K. Impact of serum hepatocyte growth factor on treatment response to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:4616-24. [PMID: 20679350 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status has emerged as a validated biomarker for predicting the response to treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. However, the responses to EGFR-TKIs vary even among patients with EGFR mutations. We studied several other independently active biomarkers for EGFR-TKI treatment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We retrospectively analyzed the serum concentrations of 13 molecules in a cohort of 95 patients with non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma who received EGFR-TKI treatment at three centers. The pretreatment serum concentrations of amphiregulin, β-cellulin, EGF, EGFR, epiregulin, fibroblast growth factor-basic, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), platelet-derived growth factor β polypeptide, placental growth factor, tenascin C, transforming growth factor-α, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a multiplex immunoassay system. The associations between clinical outcomes and these molecules were evaluated. RESULTS The concentrations of HGF and VEGF were significantly higher among patients with progressive disease than among those without progressive disease (P < 0.0001). HGF and VEGF were strongly associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in a univariate Cox analysis (all tests for hazard ratio showed P < 0.0001). A stratified multivariate Cox model according to EGFR mutation status (mutant, n = 20; wild-type, n = 23; unknown, n = 52) showed that higher HGF levels were significantly associated with a shorter PFS and OS (P < 0.0001 for both PFS and OS). These observations were also consistent in the subset analyses. CONCLUSIONS Serum HGF was strongly related to the outcome of EGFR-TKI treatment. Our results suggest that the serum HGF level could be used to refine the selection of patients expected to respond to EGFR-TKI treatment, warranting further prospective study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Kasahara
- Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xia Y, Qiu Y, Li J, Shi L, Wang K, Xi T, Shen F, Yan Z, Wu M. Adjuvant therapy with capecitabine postpones recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17:3137-44. [PMID: 20602260 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-010-1148-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major problem after surgical resection. To date, adjuvant chemotherapy or other adjuvant modalities have not been proven effective in preventing or delaying recurrence. The aim of this prospective randomized study was to evaluate the effectiveness of capecitabine as a postoperative adjuvant regimen in inhibiting the recurrence of HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between August 2003 and January 2005, 60 HCC patients who underwent curative resection were randomized into a capecitabine (n = 30) or a control (n = 30) group. The capecitabine group received 4-6 episodes of capecitabine treatment plus routine supportive care. Each episode consisted of 2 weeks of capecitabine followed by 1-week rest. The control group received routine supportive care only. The follow-up was 4-65 months (median: 47.5 months). RESULTS Cancer recurred in 16 patients (53.3%) in the capecitabine group and in 23 patients (76.7%) in the control group. The median time to recurrence (TTR) was 40.0 months (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 31.0-49.2 months) and 20.0 months (95% CI, 12.8-27.2 months) in the capecitabine and control groups, respectively (P = 0.046). The 5-year overall survival rate was 62.5% and 39.8% in the capecitabine group and control group, respectively (P = .216). Adverse reactions to capecitabine were generally mild and included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and decreased white blood cell and/or platelet counts. CONCLUSION Postoperative adjuvant therapy with capecitabine is well tolerated, postpones the recurrence of HCC, and reduces the risk of tumor recurrence. In addition, it is likely to improve postoperative survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xia
- The First Department of Comprehensive Treatment, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the commonest cancers worldwide, particularly in parts of the developing world, and is increasing in incidence. This article reviews the current modalities employed for the diagnosis of HCC, including serum markers, radiological techniques and histological evaluation, and summarises international guidelines for the diagnostic approach to HCC.
Collapse
|
28
|
Single administration of thrombopoietin prevents progression of liver fibrosis and promotes liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in cirrhotic rats. Ann Surg 2008; 248:821-8. [PMID: 18948810 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0b013e31818584c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of thrombopoietin on liver regeneration after hepatectomy and antifibrosis under conditions of liver cirrhosis in rats. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA We revealed that platelets induced by thrombopoietin administration promote liver regeneration after hepatectomy in the normal liver. METHODS Seventy percent hepatectomy was carried out in rats, which were subsequently divided into 4 groups: (1) normal group without any treatment, (2) liver cirrhosis (LC) group, (3) combined thrombopoietin and liver cirrhosis (LC+TPO) group, and (4) combined thrombopoietin, antiplatelet serum and liver cirrhosis (LC+TPO+APS) group. Growth kinetics in the liver regeneration and growth factors were analyzed. Liver fibrotic area and activation of hepatic stellate cells were also investigated. RESULTS In LC group, liver regeneration was significantly delayed compared with normal group 24 hours after hepatectomy. On the other hand, liver regeneration of LC+TPO group increased significantly compared with LC group, to a level that was the same as that recorded in normal group. In LC group, liver fibrotic area before hepatectomy was significantly higher compared with the normal group. Liver fibrosis of LC+TPO group was significantly reduced compared with LC group. The antifibrotic and liver regeneration promoting effects of LC+TPO group were inhibited by antiplatelet serum in LC+TPO+APS group. CONCLUSION The administration of thrombopoietin reduces liver fibrosis and stimulates regeneration after hepatectomy through increment and accumulation of platelets in the cirrhotic liver. This could be a potentially useful treatment for liver cirrhosis.
Collapse
|
29
|
De Wever O, Pauwels P, De Craene B, Sabbah M, Emami S, Redeuilh G, Gespach C, Bracke M, Berx G. Molecular and pathological signatures of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions at the cancer invasion front. Histochem Cell Biol 2008; 130:481-94. [PMID: 18648847 PMCID: PMC2522326 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-008-0464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of epithelial cell-cell adhesion via the transcriptional repression of cadherins in combination with the acquisition of mesenchymal properties are key determinants of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is associated with early stages of carcinogenesis, cancer invasion and recurrence. Furthermore, the tumor stroma dictates EMT through intensive bidirectional communication. The pathological analysis of EMT signatures is critically, especially to determine the presence of cancer cells at the resection margins of a tumor. When diffusion barriers disappear, EMT markers may be detected in sera from cancer patients. The detection of EMT signatures is not only important for diagnosis but can also be exploited to enhance classical chemotherapy treatments. In conclusion, further detailed understanding of the contextual cues and molecular mediators that control EMT will be required in order to develop diagnostic tools and small molecule inhibitors with potential clinical implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier De Wever
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Pauwels
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bram De Craene
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Unit, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Christian Gespach
- INSERM U 673, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Molecular and Clinical Oncology of Solid Tumors, Faculté de Médecine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, 755071 Paris Cedex 12, France
| | - Marc Bracke
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Berx
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Unit, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Technologiepark 927, Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yao DF, Gu WJ, Li YM. Expression and dynamic alteration of hepatoma-related growth factors during malignant transformation of hepatocytes. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2008; 16:2570-2575. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v16.i23.2570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common hepatic malignancy worldwide. Its nature of rapid growth results in a grave prognosis. Its treatment is challenging because the mechanisms underlying tumor progression are still largely unknown. Recently, new molecular targets have been confirmed and various targeted agents are now being investigated for the treatment of HCC. The progression of HCC is closely associated with expression of hepatic growth factors that may be molecular targets for HCC treatment. This paper concludes the expression characters and dynamic changes of several hepatoma-related growth factors such as IGF-Ⅱ, VEGF, TGF-β1 and HGF.
Collapse
|