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Wang R, He F, Chen C, Dai L. Evaluation of electrode-sample contact impedance under different curing humidity conditions during measurement of AC impedance of cement-based materials. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17968. [PMID: 33087818 PMCID: PMC7577987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74925-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a simple method was proposed to calculate electrode-sample contact impedance in the cases of two-point and four-point measurements. The results indicated that when using the saturated calcium hydroxide solution (SCH) as conductive medium, the contact impedance in the four-point measurement is negligible for the impedance range of cement-based materials. The SCH can be used as a reference for correction of the contact impedance. A reasonable combination of curing humidity and different conductive media is recommended for the two-point measurement, which is suitable for testing the ACIS of cement-based materials. In a case of contact impedance not being precisely known, it is highly recommended that a four-point measurement with two different ratios of the length of the sample and the center spacing of the voltage electrodes (L/a) should be conducted to evaluate the effect of the contact impedance following the procedure proposed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruipan Wang
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang He
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian, 361024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changping Chen
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian, 361024, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizong Dai
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, People's Republic of China.
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Shkirskiy V, Kang M, McPherson IJ, Bentley CL, Wahab OJ, Daviddi E, Colburn AW, Unwin PR. Electrochemical Impedance Measurements in Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12509-12517. [PMID: 32786472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a versatile tool for electrochemistry, particularly when applied locally to reveal the properties and dynamics of heterogeneous interfaces. A new method to generate local electrochemical impedance spectra is outlined, by applying a harmonic bias between a quasi-reference counter electrode (QRCE) placed in a nanopipet tip of a scanning ion conductance microscope (SICM) and a conductive (working electrode) substrate (two-electrode setup). The AC frequency can be tuned so that the magnitude of the impedance is sensitive to the tip-to-substrate distance, whereas the phase angle is broadly defined by the local capacitive response of the electrical double layer (EDL) of the working electrode. This development enables the surface topography and the local capacitance to be sensed reliably, and separately, in a single measurement. Further, self-referencing the probe impedance near the surface to that in the bulk solution allows the local capacitive response of the working electrode substrate in the overall AC signal to be determined, establishing a quantitative footing for the methodology. The spatial resolution of AC-SICM is an order of magnitude larger than the tip size (100 nm radius), for the studies herein, due to frequency dispersion. Comprehensive finite element method (FEM) modeling is undertaken to optimize the experimental conditions and minimize the experimental artifacts originating from the frequency dispersion phenomenon, and provides an avenue to explore the means by which the spatial resolution could be further improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viacheslav Shkirskiy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J McPherson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Cameron L Bentley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Oluwasegun J Wahab
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Enrico Daviddi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alex W Colburn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick R Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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Shkirskiy V, Krasnova A, Sanchez T, Amar A, Vivier V, Volovitch P. Development of anodic and cathodic blisters at a model Zn/epoxy interface studied using local electrochemical impedance. Electrochem commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2019.106633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Burczyk L, Darowicki K. Local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in dynamic mode of galvanic coupling. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Abreu CPD, Assis CMD, Suegama PH, Costa I, Keddam M, de Melo HG, Vivier V. Influence of probe size for local electrochemical impedance measurements. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Zhou C, Yang M, Li SS, Jiang TJ, Liu JH, Huang XJ, Chen X. Electrochemically etched gold wire microelectrode for the determination of inorganic arsenic. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Diaz I, Martinez-Lerma JF, Montoya R, Llorente I, Escudero ML, García-Alonso MC. Study of overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments. Bioelectrochemistry 2017; 115:1-10. [PMID: 28126645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film. In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid. Nanopores of 10-50nm diameter are homogeneously distributed along the surface in the oxide film formed at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl. The distribution of the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a three-dimensional (3D) model on the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl. This behaviour is especially noticeable in oxide films grown at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl, probably due to surface inhomogeneities, and resistive properties generated by the potentiostatic growth of the oxide film.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Diaz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas (CENIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Gregorio del Amo, 8, Madrid, Spain
| | - J F Martinez-Lerma
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luís Potosí, S.L.P. Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6, Zona Universitaria, C.P. 78210 San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Mexico
| | - R Montoya
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas (CENIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Gregorio del Amo, 8, Madrid, Spain; Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Campus Etterbeek Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - I Llorente
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas (CENIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Gregorio del Amo, 8, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Escudero
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas (CENIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Gregorio del Amo, 8, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C García-Alonso
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas (CENIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Gregorio del Amo, 8, Madrid, Spain.
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Wu SL, Orazem ME, Tribollet B, Vivier V. The impedance response of rotating disk electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Hassel AW, Mardare AI. Localised electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using a scanning droplet cell microscope. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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