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Kumar A, Das C. Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by Praecitrullus fistulosus (tinda fruit and peel) extracts. Sci Total Environ 2024; 929:172569. [PMID: 38643879 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Metal corrosion has recently emerged as a growing concern, impacting both local and industrial operations and disrupting conventional production methods. The utilization of green inhibitors to mitigate the metal degradation has garnered extensive attention from researchers and industrial professionals due to their prominent advantages: high efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. A novel ecofriendly inhibitor was prepared from Praecitrullus fistulosus (tinda fruit and peel) for mild steel (MS) corrosion in 1 M HCl. The presence of phenol, 3,5-bis (1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-, 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, hexadecanoic acid 15-methyl-, methyl ester, 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, 9, 12, 15-octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z-), ascorbic acid, and phytol were identified as major constituent through LC/MS analysis of tinda extracts. The existence of these compounds was further confirmed through FTIR analysis, which shows the presence of various functional groups, such as -OH, CO, C-O-C, CC, and aromatic rings in the tinda extracts. Electrochemical and gravimetric analyses were used to investigate the inhibitory effect of tinda extracts. Outcomes of Tafel analysis revealed that both tinda extracts significantly reduced the corrosion current as compared to blank and achieved 83.73 % and 87.59 % inhibition efficiencies at 200 mg L-1 of tinda peel extract (TPE) and tinda fruit extract (TFE), respectively. The change in corrosion potential (Ecorr) was within an ±85 mV range compared to that of the uninhibited system, indicating that both tinda extracts demonstrated a mixed-type inhibition behavior. During adsorption studies, the best fit was obtained for the Langmuir adsorption model. The obtained values of standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG°ads) for TPE and TFE lie between -20 and - 40 kJ mol-1 but close to -20 kJ mol-1, which reveals preferential physical adsorption of the extracts on the metal surface. Thermodynamic parameters, including activation energy, enthalpy, and entropy, were computed across the temperature range of 303 to 323 K, suggesting that corrosion occurs spontaneously by the endothermic process. FESEM analysis depicted that inhibited systems exhibited smooth and crack-free surfaces as compared to blank system. AFM images demonstrated that surface roughness was significantly reduced for the inhibited system. In EDX analysis, the weight percentage of Cl was reduced in the presence of tinda extracts as compared to blank, and in XRD analysis, iron chloride (FeCl2) peak did not appear in the presence of inhibitor but it was in the uninhibited system. All surface-related findings signify that tinda extracts are adsorbed on the MS surface and form a protective layer that separates the metal from the corrosive solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Guwahati, Assam 781 039, India
| | - Chandan Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Guwahati, Assam 781 039, India.
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Pourmohseni M, Rashidi A, Karimkhani M. Preparation of corrosion inhibitor from natural plant for mild stil immersed in an acidic environmental: experimental and theoretical study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7937. [PMID: 38575677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58637-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the inhibition performance of some medicinal plants (i.e. Yarrow, Wormwood, Maurorum, Marjoram, and Ribes rubrum) was theoretically and experimentally investigated for mild steel immersed in 1M HCl. In this way, the obtained extracts characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and the electrochemical and theoretical techniques were used to study the inhibition mechanisms of the extracts for the immersed electrode in the acidic solution. In addition, the microstructure of the electrode surface immersed in the blank and inhibitor-containing solutions characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Violet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy was used to confirm the adsorption of the compounds on the electrode surface. The obtained electrochemical results revealed that the inhibition performance of the green inhibitors increased by increasing their dosage in the electrolyte. In addition, it was proved that Marjoram plant extract possessed the most inhibition efficiency (up to 92%) among the under-studied herbal extracts. Marjoram extract behaved as a mixed-type inhibitor in the hydrochloric acid solution, and the adsorption process of the extract on the steel surface followed the Langmuir adsorption model. Adsorption of the compounds on the steel surface was also studied using density functional theory (DFT), and it was found that the protonated organic compounds in the extract have a high affinity for adsorption on the electrode surface in the acidic solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pourmohseni
- Department of Chemistry Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alimorad Rashidi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrnoosh Karimkhani
- Department of Chemistry Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Jaradat H, Hryniewicz BM, Pašti IA, Valério TL, Al-Hamry A, Marchesi LF, Vidotti M, Kanoun O. Detection of H. pylori outer membrane protein (HopQ) biomarker using electrochemical impedimetric immunosensor with polypyrrole nanotubes and carbon nanotubes nanocomposite on screen-printed carbon electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 249:115937. [PMID: 38211465 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is classified as a class I carcinogen that colonizes the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The detection at low concentrations is crucial in combatting H. pylori. HopQ protein is located on H. pylori's outer membrane and is expressed at an early stage of contamination, which signifies it as an ideal biomarker. In this study, we presented the development of an electrochemical impedimetric immunosensor for the ultra-sensitive detection of HopQ at low concentrations. The sensor employed polypyrrole nanotubes (PPy-NTs) and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-COOH) nanocomposite. PPy-NTs were chosen for their excellent conductivity, biocompatibility, and redox capabilities, simplifying sample preparation by eliminating the need to add redox probes upon measurement. MWCNT-COOH provided covalent binding sites for HopQ antibodies (HopQ-Ab) on the biosensor surface. Characterization of the biosensor was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), complemented by numerical semiempirical quantum calculations. The results demonstrated a dynamic linear range of 5 pg/mL to 1.063 ng/mL and an excellent selectivity, with the possibility of excluding interference using EIS data, specifically charge transfer resistance and double-layer capacitance as multivariants for the calibration curve. Using two EIS components, the limit of detection is calculated to be 2.06 pg/mL. The biosensor was tested with a spiked drinking water sample and showed a signal recovery of 105.5% when detecting 300 pg/mL of HopQ. This novel H. pylori biosensor offers reliable, simple, portable, and rapid screening of the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussamaldeen Jaradat
- Professorship of Measurement and Sensor Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Bruna M Hryniewicz
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Macromoléculas e Interfaces, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, 81531-980, PR, Brazil.
| | - Igor A Pašti
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Tatiana L Valério
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Macromoléculas e Interfaces, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, 81531-980, PR, Brazil.
| | - Ammar Al-Hamry
- Professorship of Measurement and Sensor Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Luís F Marchesi
- Grupo de Estudos em Espectroscopia de Impedância Eletroquímica (GEIS), Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná, Rua Dr. Washington Subtil Chueire, 330 - Jd. Carvalho, CEP 84017-220, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
| | - Marcio Vidotti
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Macromoléculas e Interfaces, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, 81531-980, PR, Brazil.
| | - Olfa Kanoun
- Professorship of Measurement and Sensor Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany.
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Al Kiey SA, Mohamed-Ezzat RA, Dacrory S. Eco-friendly anti-corrosion performance of chitosan modified with fused heterocyclic compound on mild steel in acidic medium. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130133. [PMID: 38354934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the prevention of chitosan modified with a fused heterocyclic compound as a sustainable corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl. Electrochemical instruments, including potentiodynamic polarization techniques, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), were employed to evaluate the corrosion protection performance. The outcomes showed that the chitosan modified with a fused heterocyclic compound has outstanding inhibition performance, with an inhibition effectiveness of 98.25 % at 100 ppm. The anti-corrosion features of modified chitosan were ascribed to the presence of hetero atoms in modified chitosan composite which leads to the creation of a protective layer, The modified chitosan composite behaved as mixed-typed inhibitors, as shown by the PDP results. The modified chitosan composite adsorbs on mild steel in the investigated corrosive media via chemisorption interactions, and its adsorption followed the Langmuir adsorption model. Furthermore, increasing the temperature from 303 to 333 K enhanced the corrosion rate, most likely due to the desorption of the inhibitor agent from the steel surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherief A Al Kiey
- Electrochemistry and Corrosion Laboratory, Physical Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt; Material Engineering Lab, Central Laboratories Network, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
| | - Reham A Mohamed-Ezzat
- Chemistry of Natural & Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sawsan Dacrory
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Adam H, Gopinath SC, Adam T, A. Fakhri M, T. Salim E, Subramaniam S. Exploring faradaic and non-faradaic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy approaches in Parkinson's disease diagnosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27433. [PMID: 38495156 PMCID: PMC10943381 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative condition defined by the progressive death of dopaminergic neurons in the brain. The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease often uses time-consuming clinical evaluations and subjective assessments. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is a useful technique for electroanalytical devices due to its label-free performance, in-situ measurements, and low cost. The development of reliable diagnostic tools for Parkinson's disease can be significantly enhanced by exploring novel techniques like faradaic and non-faradaic EIS detection methods. These techniques have the ability to identify specific biomarkers or changes in electrochemical properties linked to Parkinson's disease, allowing for an early and accurate diagnosis. Faradaic EIS detection methods utilize redox processes on the electrode surface, while non-faradaic EIS methods rely on charge transfer or capacitive properties. EIS can identify biomarkers or changes in electrical properties as indicators of Parkinson's disease by measuring impedance at different frequencies. By combining both faradaic and non-faradaic EIS approaches, it may be possible to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the electrochemical changes occurring in Parkinson's disease patients. This may lead to the development of more effective diagnostic techniques and potentially opening up new avenues for personalized treatment strategies. This review explores the current research on faradaic and non-faradaic EIS approaches for diagnosing Parkinson's disease using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussaini Adam
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Subash C.B. Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Micro System Technology, Centre of Excellence (CoE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Pauh Campus, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas, 11900, Penang, Malaysia
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Tijjani Adam
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
- Micro System Technology, Centre of Excellence (CoE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Pauh Campus, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Faculty of Electronic Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Makram A. Fakhri
- Laser and Optoelectronics Eng. Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq
| | - Evan T. Salim
- Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq
| | - Sreeramanan Subramaniam
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas, 11900, Penang, Malaysia
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Georgetown, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
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John S, Mathew ZP, Augustine C, George JB, Joseph B, Josh MKS. Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1 M HCl using water soluble chitosan derivative of vanillin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130024. [PMID: 38340931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The water-soluble chitosan derivative (WSCD) was made by mixing chitosan with sodium hydroxide, treating the mixture with chloroacetic acid, and then forming a Schiff base with vanillin in an acidic medium. In this study, we examined the corrosion-inhibiting ability of a WSCD on mild steel surfaces in acidic environments. Weight loss, EIS, PDP, LPS, and OCP measurements were used to study the corrosion resistance on mild steel surfaces in 1 M HCl solutions with known concentrations of WSCD. The results show that WSCD functions effectively as a mixed-type anodic and cathodic inhibitor, providing 87 % corrosion inhibition efficiency at 75 ppm. Using SEM to investigate the morphology of corroded mild steel with and without varying amounts of WSCD, impedance measurements show the development of a thin film of inhibitor on the metal surface, the extent of which increases as the inhibitor concentration rises. The WSCD molecule first adsorbs on mild steel and follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. It is found that the (∆Gads0)adsorption's free energy is -17.473 kJ/mol. The contact angle measurements confirm that the hydrophobicity of the metal surface has increased as a result of the inhibitor's thin film development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam John
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Chemistry, St. Berchmans College Campus, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam, 686101, Kerala, India.
| | - Zachariah Pulluparampil Mathew
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Chemistry, St. Berchmans College Campus, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam, 686101, Kerala, India
| | - Cyril Augustine
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Chemistry, St. Berchmans College Campus, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam, 686101, Kerala, India
| | - James Baben George
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Chemistry, St. Berchmans College Campus, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam, 686101, Kerala, India
| | | | - M K Sarath Josh
- Inter University Instrumentation Centre (IUIC), Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
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Craciun D, Laszlo EA, Mirza-Rosca JC, Dorcioman G, Geanta V, Voiculescu I, Craciun G, Badea L, Craciun V. Structural Parameters and Behavior in Simulated Body Fluid of High Entropy Alloy Thin Films. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1162. [PMID: 38473633 DOI: 10.3390/ma17051162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The structure, composition and corrosion properties of thin films synthesized using the Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) technique starting from a three high entropy alloy (HEA) AlCoCrFeNix produced by vacuum arc remelting (VAR) method were investigated. The depositions were performed at room temperature on Si and mirror-like polished Ti substrates either under residual vacuum (low 10-7 mbar, films denoted HEA2, HEA6, and HEA10, which were grown from targets with Ni concentration molar ratio, x, equal to 0.4, 1.2, and 2.0, respectively) or under N2 (10-4 mbar, films denoted HEN2, HEN6, and HEN10 for the same Ni concentration molar ratios). The deposited films' structures, investigated using Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction, showed the presence of face-centered cubic and body-centered cubic phases, while their surface morphology, investigated using scanning electron microscopy, exhibited a smooth surface with micrometer size droplets. The mass density and thickness were obtained from simulations of acquired X-ray reflectivity curves. The films' elemental composition, estimated using the energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy, was quite close to that of the targets used. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy investigation showed that films deposited under a N2 atmosphere contained several percentages of N atoms in metallic nitride compounds. The electrochemical behavior of films under simulated body fluid (SBF) conditions was investigated by Open Circuit Potential (OCP) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy measurements. The measured OCP values increased over time, implying that a passive layer was formed on the surface of the films. It was observed that all films started to passivate in SBF solution, with the HEN6 film exhibiting the highest increase. The highest repassivation potential was exhibited by the same film, implying that it had the highest stability range of all analyzed films. Impedance measurements indicated high corrosion resistance values for HEA2, HEA6, and HEN6 samples. Much lower resistances were found for HEN10 and HEN2. Overall, HEN6 films exhibited the best corrosion behavior among the investigated films. It was noticed that for 24 h of immersion in SBF solution, this film was also a physical barrier to the corrosion process, not only a chemical one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doina Craciun
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Edwin A Laszlo
- Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School of Physics, University of Bucharest, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Julia C Mirza-Rosca
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Materials Engineering and Welding Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Gabriela Dorcioman
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
| | - Victor Geanta
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionelia Voiculescu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Liviu Badea
- Faculty of Physics, Doctoral School of Physics, University of Bucharest, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
- National R&D Institute for Non-Ferrous and Rare Metals, 077145 Pantelimon, Romania
| | - Valentin Craciun
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
- Extreme Light Infrastructure for Nuclear Physics, IFIN-HH, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
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Gangopadhyay B, Roy A, Paul D, Panda S, Das B, Karmakar S, Dutta K, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay D. 3-Polythiophene Acetic Acid Nanosphere Anchored Few-Layer Graphene Nanocomposites for Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensing of Liver Cancer Biomarker. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2024; 7:485-497. [PMID: 38165836 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
This study devised a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for the quantitative detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). 3-Polythiophene acetic acid (3-PTAA) nanoparticles were anchored onto a few-layer graphene (FLG) nanosheet, and the resulting nanocomposite was utilized as the immunosensor platform. The AFP antibody (anti-AFP) was immobilized on 3-PTAA@FLG via a covalent interaction between the amine group of anti-AFP and the carboxylic group of 3-PTAA via ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) coupling. FLG is largely responsible for providing electrochemical signals, whereas 3-PTAA nanoparticles are well-known for their ability to be compatible with biological molecules in neutral aqueous solutions. Moreover, the carboxyl group present in 3-PTAA effectively binds anti-AFP through EDC/NHS conjugation. Owing to good dispersibility and higher surface area of 3-PTAA, it is very convenient for casting the polymer directly on the electrode substrate followed by immobilization of anti-AFP. Thus, it is feasible to regulate the activity of AFP proteins and control the spatial distribution of the immobilized anti-AFP proteins. The electrochemical sensing performance was assessed via cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. For an increase in the bioconjugate concentration, the results demonstrated a surge in charge-transfer resistance and a consequent decline in the current response. This approach effectively detected AFP at an extended dynamic range of 0.0001-250 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.047 pg/mL. Furthermore, the sensing capacity of the immunosensor for AFP detection has been demonstrated to be steady in real human serum cultures. Our approach exhibits good electrochemical performance in terms of reproducibility, selectivity, and stability, which would surely impart budding applications in the clinical diagnosis of several other tumor markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuman Gangopadhyay
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Aindrila Roy
- Department of Electronic Science, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Debanjan Paul
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Subrata Panda
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Beauty Das
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Srikanta Karmakar
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Koushik Dutta
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Sanatan Chattopadhyay
- Center for Research in Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
- Department of Electronic Science, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Dipankar Chattopadhyay
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
- Center for Research in Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
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Gong J, Wei H, Hao P, Li S, Zhao X, Tang Y, Zuo Y. Study on the Influence of Metal Substrates on Protective Performance of the Coating by EIS. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:378. [PMID: 38255546 PMCID: PMC10821405 DOI: 10.3390/ma17020378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The degradation process of a red iron oxide epoxy coating on three kinds of metals under a periodic cycling exposure to 3.5 wt% NaCl solution (45 °C 12 h + 25 °C 12 h) was comparatively studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The influence of the metal substrates (carbon steel, brass, and Al alloy) on the protection performance of the coating was analyzed using variations in the electrochemical and chemical parameters. The failure criteria of the coating were discussed. The results show that the coating on the three substrates presents different failure times, with the coating on steel presenting the shortest time and the coating on Al alloy the longest time. The characteristics of metal substrates and their corrosion products influence the coating failure behavior. The corrosion products with loose and hygroscopic properties of steel and brass have promoting effects on the diffusion of water through the coating. The passive film of the Al alloy substrate and the formation of salt film containing Cl- have corrosion-inhibiting effects on the substrate. Evaluation of the coating performance by |Z|0.01Hz should consider the characteristics of the metal substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xuhui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (J.G.); (H.W.); (P.H.); (S.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuming Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (J.G.); (H.W.); (P.H.); (S.L.); (Y.Z.)
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Ma Z, Chatzichristodoulou C, Dacayan WL, Mølhave KS, Chiabrera FM, Smitshuysen TEL, Damsgaard CD, Simonsen SB. Experimental Requirements for High-Temperature Solid-State Electrochemical TEM Experiments. Small Methods 2024:e2301356. [PMID: 38195885 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The ability to perform both electrochemical and structural/elemental characterization in the same experiment and at the nanoscale allows to directly link electrochemical performance to the material properties and their evolution over time and operating conditions. Such experiments can be important for the further development of solid oxide cells, solid-state batteries, thermal electrical devices, and other solid-state electrochemical devices. The experimental requirements for conducting solid-state electrochemical TEM experiments in general, including sample preparation, electrochemical measurements, failure factors, and possibilities for optimization, are presented and discussed. Particularly, the methodology of performing reliable electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements in reactive gases and at elevated temperatures for both single materials and solid oxide cells is described. The presented results include impedance measurements of electronic conductors, an ionic conductor, and a mixed ionic and electronic conductor, all materials typically applied in solid oxide fuel and electrolysis cells. It is shown that how TEM and impedance spectroscopy can be synergically integrated to measure the transport and surface exchange properties of materials with nanoscale dimensions and to visualize their structural and elemental evolution via TEM/STEM imaging and spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtao Ma
- DTU Energy, Fysikvej, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Francesco Maria Chiabrera
- DTU Energy, Fysikvej, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 2ª pl., Sant Adrià del Besòs Barcelona, 08930, Spain
| | | | - Christian Danvad Damsgaard
- DTU Nanolab, Ørsteds Plads, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
- DTU Physics, Fysikvej, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
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11
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Balducci L, Darjazi H, Gonzalo E, Cid R, Bonilla F, Nobili F. Evaluation of Electronic-Ionic Transport Properties of a Mg/Zr-Modified LiNi 0.5Mn 1.5O 4 Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:55620-55632. [PMID: 37983386 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
There is an enormous drive for moving toward cathode material research in LIBs due to the proposal of zero-emission electric vehicles together with the restriction of cathode materials in design. LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) attracts great research interests as high-voltage Co-free cathodes in LIBs. However, a more extensive study is required for LNMO due to its poor electrochemical performance, especially at high temperature, because of the instability of the LNMO interface. Herein, we design structural modifications using Mg and Zr to alleviate the above-mentioned drawbacks by limiting Mn dissolution and tailoring interstitial sites (which are shown by structural and electrochemical characterizations). This strategy enhances the cycle life up to 1000 cycles at both 25 and 50 °C. In addition, a thorough characterization by impedance spectroscopy is applied to give an insight into the electronic and ionic transport properties and the intricate phase transitions occurring upon oxidation and reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Balducci
- School of Science and Technology─Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, ChIP, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Hamideh Darjazi
- School of Science and Technology─Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, ChIP, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- GISEL─Centro di Riferimento Nazionale per i Sistemi di Accumulo Elettrochimico di Energia, INSTM, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
- Group for Applied Materials and Electrochemistry─GAME Lab, Department of Applied Science and Technology─DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Gonzalo
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Rosalía Cid
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Francisco Bonilla
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Francesco Nobili
- School of Science and Technology─Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, ChIP, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- GISEL─Centro di Riferimento Nazionale per i Sistemi di Accumulo Elettrochimico di Energia, INSTM, via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
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12
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Tahmasebi P, Farokhi S, Ahmadi G, Roushani M. Electrochemical impedance biosensor based on Y chromosome-specific sequences for fetal sex determination. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:483. [PMID: 38006412 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
A new electrochemical biosensor based on the sequence of chromosome Y (SRY) has been introduced to determine the gender of the fetus. At first, the DNA probe was designed based on the SRY gene sequence on chromosome Y. Then, a suitable functional group was added to the DNA probe, and it has been immobilized on the surface of the electrode modified with a nanocomposite containing Cu(OH)2 @N-C n-boxes. This substrate causes more DNA probes to connect to the electrode surface by increasing the effective surface area. The presence of the SRY sequence in the DNA sample extracted from blood was detected by the electrochemical signal of the bio-sensor. After optimizing the parameters, the fabricated genosensor showed linear responses in the two concentration ranges containing 0.5 fM to 50 pM and 50 pM to 500 nM. The limit of detection (LOD) for the proposed method was 0.16 fM. The proposed genosensor has been successfully used to determine the gender of the fetus using cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in the blood plasma of several pregnant mothers. This method has advantages such as being simple, portable, accurate, and non-invasive for early determination of the gender of the fetus and early diagnosis of X-linked genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Tahmasebi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Somayeh Farokhi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Gelavizh Ahmadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Roushani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
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13
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Ranjbari S, Hatamluyi B, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH, Rezayi M, Arefinia R. A label-free electrochemical biosensor based on PBA-Au-MXene QD for miR-122 detection in serum samples. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:482. [PMID: 37999813 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
A poly(n-butyl acrylate)-gold-MXene quantum dots (PBA-Au-MXene QD) nanocomposite-based biosensor is presented that is modified by unique antisense single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and uses the electrochemical detection methods of DPV, CV, and EIS to early detect miR-122 as a breast cancer biomarker in real clinical samples. This fabrication method is based on advanced nanotechnology, at which a poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PBA) as a non-conductive polymer transforms into a conductive composite by incorporating Au-MXene QD. This biosensor had a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.8 zM and a linear range from 0.001 aM to 1000 nM, making it capable of detecting the low concentrations of miR-122 in patient samples. Moreover, it allows approximately 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity for miR-122 without extraction. The synthesis and detection characteristics were evaluated by different complementary tests such as AFM, FTIR, TEM, and FESEM. This new biosensor can have a high potential in clinical applications to detect breast cancer early and hence improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ranjbari
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Behnaz Hatamluyi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Rezayi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Arefinia
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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14
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Buchberger DA, Garbacz P, Słupczyński K, Brzezicki A, Boczar M, Czerwiński A. Lithium Transport Studies on Chloride-Doped Argyrodites as Electrolytes for Solid-State Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:53417-53428. [PMID: 37922415 PMCID: PMC10685348 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the activation energy and ionic conductivity of the Li6PS5Cl material for all-solid-state batteries were investigated using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that the activation energy values estimated from nuclear relaxation rates are significantly lower than those obtained from impedance measurements. The total ionic conductivities for long-range lithium diffusion in Li6PS5Cl calculated from EIS studies depend on the crystal size and unit cell parameter. The study also presents a new sample preparation method for measuring activation energy using temperature-dependent EIS and compares the results with the solid-state NMR data. The activation energy for a thin-film sample is equivalent to the long-range lithium dynamics estimated from NMR measurements, indicating the presence of additional limiting processes in thick pellets. Additionally, a theoretical model of Li-ion hopping based on results obtained using density-functional theory methods in comparison with experimental findings was discussed. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of sample preparation methods in determining accurate activation energy and ionic conductivity values for solid-state lithium batteries and the significance of solid-state electrolyte thickness in new solid-state battery design for faster Li-ion diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Garbacz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Artur Brzezicki
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Adamed
Pharma SA, 05-152 Pieńków, Poland
| | - Maciej Boczar
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Czerwiński
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Bharti A, Achutharao G, Bhattacharyya AJ. Efficient Rechargeable Li-CO 2 Battery with a Liquid Electrolyte-Soluble CuCl 2 Electrocatalyst. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:53342-53350. [PMID: 37939266 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate here a simple liquid electrolyte soluble Cu-compound, viz., cupric chloride (CuCl2) as an alternative electrocatalyst for nonaqueous Li-CO2 batteries. The key point behind the selection of CuCl2 is that the theoretical potential of Li-CO2 batteries (≈2.8 V; Li+|Li) lies within the Cu1+|Cu0 redox couple (2.3-3.3 V; Li+|Li). The presence of CuCl2 in the liquid electrolyte near to the carbon nanotubes (≡ coelectrocatalyst)-loaded porous-CO2 cathode led to efficient electrocatalysis of CO2 and superior Li-CO2 battery performance. The cell overpotential in the presence of CuCl2 is 0.65 V, which is less than half compared to the one without it (≈1.7 V). Extensive investigations precisely elucidate the electrocatalytic mediation of CuCl2 with the redox characteristics of CO2. Additionally, only in the presence of CuCl2, the existence of Li-oxalate (Li2C2O4) is detected, which is a seldomly reported intermediate preceding the formation of Li2CO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Bharti
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Govindaraj Achutharao
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Aninda J Bhattacharyya
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
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16
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Palai D, Siva Prasad P, Satpathy B, Das S, Das K. Development of Zn-2Cu- xMn/Mg Alloys for Orthopedic Applications: Mechanical Performance to In Vitro Degradation under Different Physiological Environments. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:6058-6083. [PMID: 37774322 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) and its alloys are considered futuristic biodegradable materials for their acceptable mechanical properties, suitable corrosion rate, and good biocompatibility. In this study, we report newly developed biodegradable Zn-2Cu-xMn/Mg (x = 0, 0.1, and 0.5) alloys, aiming to achieve good mechanical strength with excellent elongation, desirable wear resistance, and suitable corrosion rate. The effect of Mn/Mg addition on the structural, mechanical, wear, and degradation behaviors of the Zn-2Cu-xMn/Mg alloys was thoroughly investigated. Degradation and tribological behaviors of the alloys were explored in the presence of simulated body fluid (SBF), Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM), and DMEM with a 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) solution. Alloy elements and hot rolling improve their mechanical properties significantly due to precipitation hardening, grain refinement, and solid solution strengthening owing to the formation of MnZn13 and Mg2Zn11 phases. Among all the alloys, the Zn-2Cu-0.5Mn alloy achieved the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of ∼405 MPa and yield strength (YS) of ∼293 MPa with an excellent elongation of ∼51%. The corrosion behavior of the alloys as determined by a potentiodynamic polarization study under different solutions follows the sequence Zn-2Cu < Zn-2Cu-0.5Mn < Zn-2Cu-0.1Mn < Zn-2Cu-0.1Mg < Zn-2Cu-0.5Mg. The corrosion rate by immersion testing for 30 and 90 days also follows the same sequence. The corrosion rate in different solutions follows the order SBF > DMEM + 10%FBS > DMEM. The addition of Mn/Mg also improves the wear resistance and slows the wear rate under wet conditions. The bending test results also indicate the highest bending strength of ∼375 MPa for the Zn-2Cu-0.5Mn alloy, among all the alloys. The bending and tensile strengths deteriorate continuously after the immersion for 30 and 90 days in the solution of SBF, DMEM, and DMEM + 10%FBS. Therefore, the Zn-2Cu-xMn/Mg (x = 0.1 and 0.5) alloys can be considered potential biodegradable implant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debajyoti Palai
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - P Siva Prasad
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Bangmaya Satpathy
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Siddhartha Das
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Karabi Das
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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17
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Zhang X, Zhu J, Yang Z, Li Y, Zhang P, Li H. Enhancing photocathodic protection with Bi quantum dots and ZIF-8 nanoparticle co-sensitized TiO 2nanotubes. Nanotechnology 2023; 35:045701. [PMID: 37863074 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Since hole trapping agents do not persist in the marine environment, it is more practical to test metal protection in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution so that the photocathodic protection (PCP) technique can be effectively applied in an actual marine environment. In this paper, Bi quantum dots (QDs) and ZIF-8 nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully deposited on TiO2by hydrothermal and impregnation methods. The PCP performances of ZIF-8/Bi/TiO2composites in the marine environment without hole trapping agents were evaluated, and compared with the performances of pure TiO2, Bi/TiO2and ZIF-8/TiO2. The electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) fitting results demonstrate that theRctvalue of the ZIF-8/Bi/TiO2composite coupled with 316 stainless steel (SS) decreased from 7678 Ω cm2to 519.3 Ω cm2in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, which is a decrease of about 14.8-fold compared with TiO2under the same conditions. This indicates that the deposition of Bi QDs and ZIF-8 NPs on TiO2nanotubes can improve the electron transport efficiency, which in turn slows down the rate of corrosion of 316 SS and significantly improves the PCP performance. This is not only attributable to the Schottky junction and heterojunction structures formed by Bi QDs and ZIF-8 NPs with TiO2, but also to the surface plasmon resonance effect of Bi QDs and the N-Ti-O bond structure formed between ZIF-8 and TiO2, leading to a lower electron-hole recombination efficiency and a higher electron transfer efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinke Zhu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanyuan Yang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
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18
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Vigneshwaran S, Kim DG, Ko SO. Tuning of interfacial HGO@CLS nanohybrid S-scheme heterojunction with improved carrier separation and photocatalytic activity towards RhB degradation. Chemosphere 2023; 340:139914. [PMID: 37633616 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we premeditated and invented the innovative hybrid photocatalyst 2D/2D CuLa2S4 on holey graphene oxide (HGO) (HGO@CLS) via the hydrothermal method. Electrochemical techniques demonstrate the action of HGO in the HGO@CLS photocatalyst as an effective medium for electron transfer. Combining bimetallic sulfides on porous HGO synergistically provides a higher negative conduction band edge (-0.141 V), greater photo response (10.8 mA/cm2), smaller charge transfer resistance (Rct = 1.79Ω), and lower photoluminescence (PL) spectral intensity. According to our research, the catalytic recitals are sped up when HGO is assimilated into CLS photocatalyst hetero-junction. Additionally, it lowers the reassimilation rate due to the combined mesh nanostructures and functionality of CLS and HGO. UV-Vis DRS, Mott-Schottky, PL, and Electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) results manifested that the CuLa2S4/HGO makes the spatial separation competent and transference of charge carriers due to the photon irradiation and exhibits superior photocatalytic ability. Electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis confirmed that •OH and h+ were the predominant radical species responsible for Rhodamine B(RhB) degradation. Moreover, conceivable degradation ways of RhB were deduced according to the identified intermediates which are responsible for the degradation of recalcitrant products. To check the stability of the photocatalyst, revival tests were also carried out. Similarly, the oxidative byproducts created in the deprivation courses were looked at, and a thorough explanation for the mechanism of degradation was given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Vigneshwaran
- Environmental System Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University-Global Campus, 1732 Deogyong-daero, Giheung-Gu, Yongin-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 16705, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Gun Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jellanam-do, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Oh Ko
- Environmental System Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University-Global Campus, 1732 Deogyong-daero, Giheung-Gu, Yongin-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 16705, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Shyamsunder A, Palmer M, Kochetkov IR, Sakamoto JS, Nazar LF. Surface Chemistry of LLZO Garnet Electrolytes with Sulfur in Electron Pair Donor Solvents. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37906037 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Conventional Li-S batteries rely on liquid electrolytes based on LiNO3/DOL/DME mixtures that produce a quasistable interface with the lithium anode. Electron pair donor (EPD) solvents, also known as high donor number solvents, provide much higher polysulfide solubility and close-to-ideal sulfur utilization, making them solvents of choice for lean electrolyte Li-S cells. However, their instability to reduction requires incorporation of an ion-conductive membrane that is stable with Li-such as garnet LLZO and also stable with sulfur/polysulfides. We report that even trace amounts of LiOH on a LLTZO surface trigger a complex reaction with sulfur dissolved in typical EPD solvents (i.e., N,N-dimethylacetamide, DMA) to produce a highly resistive impedance layer that quickly grows with time from 1000 to 10,000 Ω cm2 over a few hours, thus impeding Li+ transport across the interface. Decorating the LLZO with protective phosphate groups to produce a modified surface provides a very low charge-transfer resistance of 40 Ω cm2 that is maintained over time and inhibits the reaction of LiOH and dissolved sulfur. Hybrid liquid-solid electrolyte cells constructed on this concept result in a high sulfur utilization of 1400 mAh g-1 which is 85% of theoretical and remains constant over cycling even with conventional, unoptimized carbon/sulfur cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinandan Shyamsunder
- Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Max Palmer
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ivan R Kochetkov
- Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Jeff S Sakamoto
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Linda F Nazar
- Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
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20
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Rodič P, Kapun B, Milošev I. Durable Polyacrylic/Siloxane-Silica Coating for the Protection of Cast AlSi7Mg0.3 Alloy against Corrosion in Chloride Solution. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3993. [PMID: 37836042 PMCID: PMC10575359 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presented a novel corrosion protective coating based on polyacrylic/siloxane-silica (PEHA-SS) deposited on lightweight cast aluminium alloy AlSi7Mg0.3. The synthesis of PEHA-SS comprises organic monomer 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and organically modified silane 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate as well as an inorganic silane, tetraethyl orthosilicate. The steps during the synthesis process were monitored using real-time infrared spectroscopy. The coating deposited onto the AlSi7Mg0.3 surface was characterised using various techniques, including infrared spectroscopy, 3D contact profilometry, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The corrosion resistance of the coated alloy in sodium chloride solutions was evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The accelerated testing of the uncoated and coated sample was performed using the Machu test. This novel, nine micrometres thick PEHA-SS coating achieved durable corrosion (barrier) protection for the AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy in 0.1 M NaCl during the first four months of immersion or under accelerated corrosion conditions in a Machu chamber containing NaCl, acetic acid, and hydrogen peroxide at 37 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Rodič
- Department of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (B.K.); (I.M.)
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21
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Sharma D, Thakur A, Sharma MK, Sharma R, Kumar S, Sihmar A, Dahiya H, Jhaa G, Kumar A, Sharma AK, Om H. Effective corrosion inhibition of mild steel using novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole-pyridine hybrids: Synthesis, electrochemical, morphological, and computational insights. Environ Res 2023; 234:116555. [PMID: 37419199 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
An easy synthesis of two 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives, namely, 2-phenyl-5-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (POX) and 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (4-PMOX), and their corrosion-inhibition efficacy against mild steel corrosion in 1 N HCl, is evaluated using weight loss from 303 to 323 K, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), Potentiodynamic Polarization (PDP), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), UV-Vis spectroscopy, along with theoretical evaluation. Both POX and 4-PMOX exhibit excellent inhibition efficiency, with values reaching 97.83% and 98% at 500 ppm, respectively. The PDP analysis reveals that both derivatives act as mixed-type inhibitors. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm provides insights into the adsorption phenomena, demonstrating that 4-PMOX exhibits superior adsorption behavior on the mild steel surface compared to POX. This finding is further supported by SEM, DFT, RDF, and MSD analyses. Quantum mechanical parameters, including EHOMO, ELUMO, dipole moment (μ), energy gap (ΔE), etc., are in good agreement with the effectiveness of inhibition performance revealing ΔE values of 3.10 and 2.75 for POX and 4-PMOX, respectively. The results obtained from this study hold significant implications for researchers aiming to design more efficient organic inhibitors to combat metal corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, 131039, India
| | - Abhinay Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144402, India
| | - Manish Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, 131039, India
| | - Renu Sharma
- Department of Physics, J. C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, 121006, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, M. D. University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Ashish Sihmar
- Department of Chemistry, M. D. University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Hariom Dahiya
- Department of Chemistry, M. D. University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Gaurav Jhaa
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Information Sciences Laboratory, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- NCE, Department of Science and Technology, Government of Bihar, 803101, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, 131039, India.
| | - Hari Om
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, 131039, India.
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22
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Xu Q, Zhou P, Zhang T, Wang F. Effect of Surface Activation on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of MAO/Ni-P Composite Coating on AZ91D Magnesium Alloy. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6185. [PMID: 37763463 PMCID: PMC10532438 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to improve the number and distribution of active particles on the MAO layer by changing the activation method, thus improving the corrosion resistance of the coating. The structure of the coatings was characterized by SEM, XRD, XPS, and AFM, as well as the corrosion resistance of the coatings by polarization curves, EIS tests, immersion tests, and salt spray tests. The conductive resistance and adhesion of different composite coatings were compared. The results demonstrate that the properties of the composite coating are significantly affected by different activation methods, and the Ni-P coating prepared with more active particles offers superior corrosion protection to the inner layer. The quantity and distribution of active particles affect the compactness of the coating by influencing the initial deposition process. The size of nickel particles is larger and the inter-grain porosity increases in the case of fewer active sites, and as the number of active sites increases, the size of nickel particles decreases, and the coating compactness increases. The mechanism of the effect of the number of active particles on the deposition process of electroless Ni-P coating was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tao Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, 3-11 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110819, China; (Q.X.); (P.Z.); (F.W.)
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23
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Carneiro E, Castro JD, Lima MJ, Ferreira J, Carvalho S. Corrosion Resistance in Artificial Perspiration of Cr-Based Decorative Coatings. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2346. [PMID: 37630931 PMCID: PMC10459534 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
We aim at developing hexavalent chromium-free coatings for frequently touched decorative parts. Cr(N,O) and multilayered CrN/CrO coatings were deposited by means of reactive magnetron sputtering. All samples presented good adhesion to the substrates enhanced by an epoxy layer designed to enhance PVD coating adhesion. Similar substrates are found in the automotive industry and can be used in appliances where a metallic finish is desired by the consumer. Corrosion behavior was induced, using artificial sweat to simulate long exposure to human touch for 96 h. In potentiodynamic polarization tests, the coatings were revealed to be nobler than the substrate alone. Cr displayed a non-existent passivation region, while gCrN exhibited a quick passivation of the surface and its respective breakdown and several current fluctuations, indicating the occurrence of pitting, which was confirmed by SEM micrography after the corrosion. Regarding EIS results, all films depicted a diminution of impedance modulus (|Z|) after 96 h, which indicates a diminution of corrosion resistance against artificial sweat. Nitride films exhibited the worst anticorrosive features. On the other hand, Cr and CrO exhibited the highest |Z| values. These results are corroborated by low the corrosion rates of both coatings. The equivalent electrical circuit allows us to confirm oxide formation in the outermost layer of the films due to electrolyte/surface interaction, indicating a self-protecting mechanism. Nitride films showed the lowest values and less corrosion resistance, confirming the results obtained in polarization potentiodynamic tests. The coatings developed in this work, namely Cr and CrO, showed a promising corrosion resistance behavior that could endure a lifetime of frequent human touch in various decorative applications either automotive or general appliances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Carneiro
- CF-UM-UP-Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities, Physics Department, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
- CEMMPRE-Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - José David Castro
- CEMMPRE-Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Maria José Lima
- CF-UM-UP-Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities, Physics Department, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
| | - Jorge Ferreira
- Engineering Department, KLC—Technical Plastics, 2430-021 Marinha Grande, Portugal;
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- CEMMPRE-Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes (CEMMPRE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal;
- LED & MAT-IPN—Laboratory for Wear, Testing and Materials, Instituto Pedro Nunes, Rua Pedro Nunes, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal
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24
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Chfii H, Bouich A, Andrio A, Torres JC, Soucase BM, Palacios P, Lefdil MA, Compañ V. The Structural and Electrochemical Properties of CuCoO 2 Crystalline Nanopowders and Thin Films: Conductivity Experimental Analysis and Insights from Density Functional Theory Calculations. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2312. [PMID: 37630896 PMCID: PMC10459735 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel manufacturing process is presented for producing nanopowders and thin films of CuCoO2 (CCO) material. This process utilizes three cost-effective synthesis methods: hydrothermal, sol-gel, and solid-state reactions. The resulting delafossite CuCoO2 samples were deposited onto transparent substrates through spray pyrolysis, forming innovative thin films with a nanocrystal powder structure. Prior to the transformation into thin films, CuCoO2 powder was first produced using a low-cost approach. The precursors for both powders and thin films were deposited onto glass surfaces using a spray pyrolysis process, and their characteristics were examined through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, HR-TEM, UV-visible spectrophotometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyses were conducted to determine the conductivity in the transversal direction of this groundbreaking material for solar cell applications. On the other hand, the sheet resistance of the samples was investigated using the four-probe method to obtain the sheet resistivity and then calculate the in-plane conductivity of the samples. We also investigated the aging characteristics of different precursors with varying durations. The functional properties of CuCoO2 samples were explored by studying chelating agent and precursor solution aging periods using Density Functional Theory calculations (DFT). A complementary Density Functional Theory study was also performed in order to evaluate the electronic structure of this compound. Resuming, this study thoroughly discusses the synthesis of delafossite powders and their conversion into thin films, which hold potential as hole transport layers in transparent optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnae Chfii
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain (B.M.S.)
| | - Amal Bouich
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain (B.M.S.)
- Instituto de Energía Solar, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain (P.P.)
| | - Andreu Andrio
- Departamento de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12080 Castellón de la Plana, Spain;
| | - Joeluis Cerutti Torres
- Instituto de Energía Solar, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain (P.P.)
- Departamento Física Aplicada a las Ingenierías Aeronáutica y Naval, ETSI Aeronáutica y del Espacio, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Pz. Cardenal Cisneros, 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernabé Mari Soucase
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain (B.M.S.)
| | - Pablo Palacios
- Instituto de Energía Solar, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain (P.P.)
- Departamento Física Aplicada a las Ingenierías Aeronáutica y Naval, ETSI Aeronáutica y del Espacio, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Pz. Cardenal Cisneros, 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Vicente Compañ
- Departamento de Termodinámica Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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25
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Bonfil D, Veleva L, Feliu S, Escalante-García JI. Corrosion Activity of Stainless Steel SS430 and Carbon Steel B450C in a Sodium Silicate Modified Limestone-Portland Cement Extract. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5066. [PMID: 37512340 PMCID: PMC10385683 DOI: 10.3390/ma16145066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Stainless steel SS430 and carbon steel B450C were exposed for 30 days to the aqueous extract of sodium silicate-modified limestone-Portland cement as an alternative for the partial replacement of the Portland cement clinker. The initial pH of 12.60 was lowered and maintained at an average of 9.60, associated with air CO2 dissolution and acidification. As a result, the carbon steel lost its passive state, and the corrosion potential (OCP) reached a negative value of up to 296 mV, forming the corrosion layer of FeO, and FeOOH. In the meaning time, on the stainless steel SS430 surface, a passive layer of Cr2O3 grew in the presence of FeO, Fe2O3 and Cr(OH)3 corrosion products; thus, the OCP shifted to more positive values of +150 mV. It is suggested that a self-repassivation process took place on the SS430 surface due to the accumulation of alkaline sulfates on the interface. Because of the chloride attack, SS430 presented isolated pits, while on B450C, their area was extended. The quantitative analysis of EIS Nyquist and Bode diagrams revealed that the Rp of the corrosion process for SS430 was 2500 kΩcm2, ≈32 times lower in magnitude than on B450C, for which the passive layer tended to disappear, while that on SS430 was ≈0.82 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bonfil
- Center for Research and Advances Study (CINVESTAV), Applied Physics Department, Campus Merida, Merida 97310, Mexico
| | - Lucien Veleva
- Center for Research and Advances Study (CINVESTAV), Applied Physics Department, Campus Merida, Merida 97310, Mexico
| | - Sebastian Feliu
- National Center for Metallurgical Research (CENIM-CSIC), Surface Engineering Corrosion and Durability Department, 8040 Madrid, Spain
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26
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Saavedra A, Martínez-Casillas DC, Collet-Lacoste JR, Cortón E. Nondestructive, reagent-free, low-volume fluidic set-up to study biofilms by using a transparent electrode, allowing simultaneous electrochemical and optical measurements. J Appl Microbiol 2023:lxad140. [PMID: 37410620 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim was to develop an electrochemical/optical set-up and correlate it (as validation) with other chemical and physical methods to obtain a simple and cost-effective system to study biofilm formation. METHODS AND RESULTS A simple microfluidic cell and methods allowed continuous monitoring of the first, critical steps of microbial attachment. We monitored sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) at the early stages of biofilm formation. Herein, we studied the formation and adherence of SRB consortium biofilms over an indium tin oxide (ITO) conducting surface using microbiological and chemical methods, microscopic observations (SEM and optical), and electrochemical impedance (EIS) measurements. The SRB biofilm formation was evaluated for 30 days by SEM and EIS. Charge transfer resistance decreased when the microbial population colonized the electrode. The monitoring of early-stage biofilm formation was performed using EIS at a single frequency of 1 Hz during the first 36 hours. CONCLUSIONS The simultaneous use of optical, analytical, and microbiological methods allowed us to connect the kinetics of the growth of the microbial consortium to the values obtained via the electrochemical technique. The simple setup we present here can help laboratories with limited resources to study biofilm attachment and facilitates the development of various strategies to control biofilm development in order to avoid damage to metallic structures (microbiologically influenced corrosion, MIC) or the colonization of other industrial structures and medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Saavedra
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioanalysis (LABB), Department of Biological Chemistry and IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Science Faculty, University of Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (1428), Argentine
| | - Diana C Martínez-Casillas
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioanalysis (LABB), Department of Biological Chemistry and IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Science Faculty, University of Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (1428), Argentine
| | - Jean R Collet-Lacoste
- National Atomic Energy Commission, Corrosion Department, Materials Management, Av. Gral. Paz 1499 Prov. de Buenos Aires, San Martín (B1650KNA), Argentina
| | - Eduardo Cortón
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioanalysis (LABB), Department of Biological Chemistry and IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Science Faculty, University of Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (1428), Argentine
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27
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Alam MA, Samad UA, Anis A, Sherif ESM, Abdo HS, Al-Zahrani SM. The Effect of Zirconia Nanoparticles on Thermal, Mechanical, and Corrosion Behavior of Nanocomposite Epoxy Coatings on Steel Substrates. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:4813. [PMID: 37445127 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles (1-3 wt.%) were incorporated into the epoxy matrix using the ultra-sonication mixing method of dispersion to manufacture nanocomposite coatings. An automatic applicator was used to prepare the coating samples on a stainless steel substrate. The influence of ZrO2 nanoparticles on the physicochemical characteristics of epoxy coatings was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermos-gravimetric analysis (TGA), elastic modulus, and micro-hardness measurement with the nano-indentation technique. The corrosion stability during immersion in 3.5% NaCl solution was monitored using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). All ZrO2-containing coatings showed better corrosion stability and adhesion than pure epoxy coating. Epoxy coating incorporated with 2% ZrO2 exhibited the greatest values of corrosion resistance and adhesion due to the effect of nanoparticle properties and their better de-agglomeration in the epoxy matrix than pure epoxy coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asif Alam
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ubair Abdus Samad
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arfat Anis
- SABIC Polymer Research Center (SPRC), Chemical Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Sayed M Sherif
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany S Abdo
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M Al-Zahrani
- SABIC Polymer Research Center (SPRC), Chemical Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
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28
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Ostapenko GI, Kalashnikova NA. Investigation of Hexylamine Adsorption on Gold in Perchloric Acid. Molecules 2023; 28:5070. [PMID: 37446732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of hexylamine at the solution-gold interface in 1 M HClO4 in the presence of 0.1 M Fe2+ and 0.1 Fe3+ was studied by potentiodynamic, chronoamperometric and EIS methods. The main kinetic characteristics of the oxidation-reduction reaction iron ions (exchange current density, transfer coefficient, diffusion coefficients of iron ions) were determined. It was shown that the physical adsorption of hexylamine on gold can be described by the Dhar-Flory-Huggins isotherm. The values of the adsorption constant and the Gibbs free adsorption energy were obtained. A comparison of the free adsorption energy at these interfaces with the interaction energies of hexylamine and water molecules, and hexylamine molecules with each other was carried out. It was shown that hexylamine adsorption at all of these interfaces is due mainly to the hydrophobic effect of the interaction of hexylamine and water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennady I Ostapenko
- Medicinal Chemistry Center, Togliatti State University, 14 Belorusskaya St., 445020 Togliatti, Russia
| | - Nina A Kalashnikova
- Medicinal Chemistry Center, Togliatti State University, 14 Belorusskaya St., 445020 Togliatti, Russia
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29
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Huang Z, Liu L, Lei B, Meng G, Feng Z, Guo H, Liao B, Zhang P. A New Imidazole Derivative for Corrosion Inhibition of Q235 Carbon Steel in an Acid Environment. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112420. [PMID: 37299219 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Q235 carbon steel is a commonly used engineering material, but its application in marine environments is limited by its susceptibility to corrosion, especially localized corrosion that can lead to material perforation. Effective inhibitors are crucial to addressing this issue, particularly in acidic environments where localized areas become increasingly acidic. This study reports the synthesis of a new imidazole derivative corrosion inhibitor and evaluates its effectiveness in corrosion inhibition performance using potentiodynamic polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. High-resolution optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were employed for surface morphology analysis. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to explore the protection mechanisms. The results demonstrate that the self-synthesized imidazole derivative corrosion inhibitor offers an excellent corrosion protection performance for Q235 carbon steel in a 3.5 wt. % NaCl acidic solution. This inhibitor can provide a new strategy for carbon steel corrosion protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | | | - Bing Lei
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Guozhe Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Zhiyuan Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Honglei Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Bokai Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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30
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Tageldeen MK, Pagkalos I, Ghoreishizadeh SS, Drakakis EM. Analogue circuit realisation of surface-confined redox reaction kinetics. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 228:115190. [PMID: 36906991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The literature on voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) recognises the importance of using large-amplitude sinusoidal perturbations to better characterise electrochemical systems. To identify the parameters of a given reaction, various electrochemical models with different sets of values are simulated and compared against the experimental data to determine the best-fit set of parameters. However, the process of solving these nonlinear models is computationally expensive. This paper proposes analogue circuit elements for synthesising surface-confined electrochemical kinetics at the electrode interface. The resultant analogue model could be used as a solver to compute reaction parameters as well as a tracker for ideal biosensor behaviour. The performance of the analogue model was verified against numerical solutions to theoretical and experimental electrochemical models. Results show that the proposed analogue model has a high accuracy of at least 97% and a wide bandwidth of up to 2 kHz. The circuit consumed an average power of 9 μW.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Tageldeen
- Bioinspired VLSI Circuits and Systems Group, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - I Pagkalos
- Bioinspired VLSI Circuits and Systems Group, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - S S Ghoreishizadeh
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, Malet Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - E M Drakakis
- Bioinspired VLSI Circuits and Systems Group, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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31
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Policastro SA, Anderson RM, Hangarter CM, Arcari A, Iezzi EB. Experimental and Numerical Investigation into the Effect of Water Uptake on the Capacitance of an Organic Coating. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16103623. [PMID: 37241250 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Water uptake by organic coating systems used for corrosion prevention on airframes is one of the principal contributors to the loss of barrier properties of the coating. We used equivalent circuit analyses of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data to track changes in coating layer capacitance for a two-layer coating system consisting of an epoxy primer and polyurethane topcoat immersed in NaCl solutions with different concentrations and temperatures. The capacitance curve exhibited two different response regions, consistent with the "two-stage kinetics" mechanisms for water uptake by the polymers. We tested several numerical diffusion models of water sorption and found the most successful to be one that varied the diffusion coefficient as a function of polymer type and immersion time and accounted for physical aging processes in the polymer. We employed the Brasher mixing law along with the water sorption model to estimate the coating capacitance as a function of water uptake. The predicted capacitance of the coating was found to be consistent with the capacitance obtained from the EIS data, which is consistent with theories that water uptake occurs via initial rapid transport followed by a much slower aging process. Thus, both these water uptake processes need to be considered when making EIS measurements to assess the state of a coating system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Policastro
- Center for Corrosion Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Rachel M Anderson
- Center for Corrosion Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Carlos M Hangarter
- Center for Corrosion Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Attilio Arcari
- Center for Corrosion Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Erick B Iezzi
- Center for Corrosion Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
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32
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Almathami S, Venezuela J, Yang N, Wang Y, Mardina Z, Dargusch M. Exploring the Influence of Biologically Relevant Ions on the Corrosion Behavior of Biodegradable Zinc in Physiological Fluids. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:2301-2316. [PMID: 37072291 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a study on the influence of biologically relevant ions on the corrosion of zinc (Zn) in physiological fluids. Electrochemical techniques were used to investigate the degradation of pure Zn exposed to different physiological electrolytes containing chlorides, carbonates, sulfates, and phosphates. The corrosion behavior of Zn in the solutions over a 7-day period was also assessed. SEM, EDS, and FTIR were used to analyze corrosion products. With respect to corrosion, the most aggressive ions are chlorides, which induce localized corrosion, while carbonates and phosphates reduce the corrosive attack of the chloride on Zn while inducing uniform corrosion. Sulfates reduce the corrosion rate by disrupting Zn's passive layer. The overall corrosion rate of Zn changed in each electrolyte depending on the nature of the solution and the corrosion product formed. These findings will be useful in predicting the in-service behavior of future biodegradable Zn medical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharifah Almathami
- Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM), Advanced Engineering Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072 Australia
| | - Jeffrey Venezuela
- Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM), Advanced Engineering Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072 Australia
| | - Nan Yang
- Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM), Advanced Engineering Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072 Australia
| | - Yuan Wang
- Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM), Advanced Engineering Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072 Australia
| | - Zahrina Mardina
- Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM), Advanced Engineering Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072 Australia
| | - Matthew Dargusch
- Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM), Advanced Engineering Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072 Australia
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33
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Radwan AB, Okonkwo PC, Murugan S, Parande G, Taryba M, Montemor MF, Al-Mansoori L, Elrayess MA, Al-Qahtani N, Gupta M, Youssef KM, Case R, Shakoor RA, Abdullah AM. Evaluation of the Influence of Eggshell (ES) Concentration on the Degradation Behavior of Mg-2.5Zn Biodegradable Alloy in Simulated Body Fluid. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:2376-2391. [PMID: 37071118 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Currently, permanent vascular stents are fabricated using titanium and stainless steel implants that are nondegradable and offer high stability, but they have certain disadvantages. For example, the prolonged exposition of aggressive ions in the physiological media and the existence of defects in the oxide film create conditions for corrosion to occur, thus triggering unwanted biological events and compromising the mechanical integrity of the implants. Moreover, when the implant does not need to be permanent, there is the need to submit the patient for a second surgery for implant removal. As a solution for nonpermanent implants, biodegradable magnesium alloys have been deemed a promising substitute, for example, for cardiovascular-related applications and the construction of orthopedic devices. A biodegradable magnesium alloy (Mg-2.5Zn) reinforced by zinc and eggshell was employed in this study as an environment-conscious magnesium (eco) composite (Mg-2.5Zn-xES). Disintegrated melt deposition (DMD) was used to fabricate the composite. Experimental studies were conducted to investigate the biodegradation performance of Mg-Zn alloys containing 3 and 7 wt % eggshell (ES) in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C. Different corrosion techniques were used to study the corrosion behavior of the Mg-2.5Zn-xES composites, including weight loss measurements, hydrogen evolution, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to scrutinize the corroded surfaces' morphology and composition. The outcomes indicated that Mg-2.5Zn-3ES possesses the lowest degradation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bahgat Radwan
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Paul C Okonkwo
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah 211, Oman
| | - Srinivasan Murugan
- Mahendra Engineering College, Mahendrapuri, Namakkal 637503, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gururaj Parande
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Maryna Taryba
- Centro de Quimica Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Fatima Montemor
- Centro de Quimica Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Layla Al-Mansoori
- Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | | | - Noora Al-Qahtani
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Manoj Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Khaled M Youssef
- Materials Science and Technology Graduate Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Raymundo Case
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - R A Shakoor
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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Punathil Meethal R, Jalalzai P, Kumar S, Peter J, Klipp A, Kim TG, Park JG. Benzethonium chloride as a tungsten corrosion inhibitor in neutral and alkaline media for the post-chemical mechanical planarization application. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 643:465-479. [PMID: 37088050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The cleaning solution for the post-chemical mechanical planarization (post-CMP) process of tungsten in neutral-alkaline media requires corrosion inhibitors as an additive, especially for advanced devices where the device node size shrinks below 10 nm. In the present study, the corrosion inhibition performance of benzethonium chloride (BTC) is evaluated in neutral-alkaline conditions. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis showed ∼ 90 % of corrosion inhibition efficiency with an optimum concentration of 0.01 wt% BTC at both pH 7 and 11. Langmuir adsorption isotherm, frontier molecular orbital theory, molecular simulation, contact angle, precipitation study, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis were performed to identify the inhibition mechanism of the BTC molecule on the W surface. Based on the proposed mechanism, the electrostatic attraction between the positively charged N atom in the BTC molecule and the negatively charged W surface initiates the adsorption of the molecule. The high dipole moment and large molecular size enhance the physical adsorption of the molecule to the surface. In addition to this, the adsorption isotherm analysis shows that possible chemical interaction with a moderate value of Gibbs free energy change of adsorption exists between the W and BTC molecule. The excellent corrosion inhibition efficiency of BTC on W is confirmed by the frontier molecular orbital theory and molecular dynamic simulation analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjith Punathil Meethal
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Palwasha Jalalzai
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jerome Peter
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Tae-Gon Kim
- Department of Smart Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Goo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
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Ma Z, Dacayan WL, Chatzichristodoulou C, Mølhave KS, Chiabrera FM, Zhang W, Simonsen SB. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Integrated with Environmental Transmission Electron Microscopy. Small Methods 2023:e2201713. [PMID: 37035947 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The concept of combining electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) is demonstrated by testing a specially designed micro gadolinia-doped ceria (CGO) sample in reactive gasses (O2 and H2 /H2 O), at elevated temperatures (room temperature-800 °C) and with applied electrical potentials. The EIS-TEM method provides structural and compositional information with direct correlation to the electrochemical performance. It is demonstrated that reliable EIS measurements can be achieved in the TEM for a sample with nanoscale dimensions. Specifically, the ionic and electronic conductivity, the surface exchange resistivity, and the volume-specific chemical capacitance are in good agreement with results from more standardized electrochemical tests on macroscopic samples. CGO is chosen as a test material due to its relevance for solid oxide electrochemical reactions where its electrochemical performance depends on temperature and gas environment. As expected, the results show increased conductivity and lower surface exchange resistance in H2 /H2 O gas mixtures where the oxygen partial pressure is low compared to experiments in pure O2 . The developed EIS-TEM platform is an important tool in promoting the understanding of nanoscale processes for green energy technologies, e.g., solid oxide electrolysis/fuel cells, batteries, thermoelectric devices, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtao Ma
- DTU Energy, Fysikvej, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Wenjing Zhang
- DTU Environment, Bygningstorvet, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Brito-Garcia S, Mirza-Rosca J, Geanta V, Voiculescu I. Mechanical and Corrosion Behavior of Zr-Doped High-Entropy Alloy from CoCrFeMoNi System. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1832. [PMID: 36902947 PMCID: PMC10003814 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the paper is to study the Zr addition effect on the mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of a high-entropy alloy from the CoCrFeMoNi system. This alloy was designed to be used for components in the geothermal industry that are exposed to high temperature and corrosion. Two alloys, one Zr-free (named Sample 1) and another one doped with 0.71 wt.% Zr (named Sample 2), were obtained in a vacuum arc remelting equipment from high-purity granular raw materials. Microstructural characterization and quantitative analysis by SEM and EDS were performed. The Young modulus values for the experimental alloys were calculated on the basis of a three-point bending test. Corrosion behavior was estimated by linear polarization test and by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The addition of Zr resulted in a decrease in the value of the Young modulus but also in a decrease in corrosion resistance. The beneficial effect of Zr on the microstructure was the grain refinement, and this ensured a good deoxidation of the alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Brito-Garcia
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria University, 35017 Tafira, Spain
| | - Julia Mirza-Rosca
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria University, 35017 Tafira, Spain
| | - Victor Geanta
- Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Robotics, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionelia Voiculescu
- Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Robotics, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
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Santos AA, Teixeira JVU, Pintão CAF, Correa DRN, Grandini CR, Lisboa-Filho PN. Ti-15Zr and Ti-15Zr-5Mo Biomaterials Alloys: An Analysis of Corrosion and Tribocorrosion Behavior in Phosphate-Buffered Saline Solution. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1826. [PMID: 36902942 PMCID: PMC10004271 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It is crucial for clinical needs to develop novel titanium alloys feasible for long-term use as orthopedic and dental prostheses to prevent adverse implications and further expensive procedures. The primary purpose of this research was to investigate the corrosion and tribocorrosion behavior in the phosphate buffered saline (PBS) of two recently developed titanium alloys, Ti-15Zr and Ti-15Zr-5Mo (wt.%) and compare them with the commercially pure titanium grade 4 (CP-Ti G4). Density, XRF, XRD, OM, SEM, and Vickers microhardness analyses were conducted to give details about the phase composition and the mechanical properties. Additionally, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to supplement the corrosion studies, while confocal microscopy and SEM imaging of the wear track were used to evaluate the tribocorrosion mechanisms. As a result, the Ti-15Zr (α + α' phase) and Ti-15Zr-5Mo (α″ + β phase) samples exhibited advantageous properties compared to CP-Ti G4 in the electrochemical and tribocorrosion tests. Moreover, a better recovery capacity of the passive oxide layer was observed in the studied alloys. These results open new horizons for biomedical applications of Ti-Zr-Mo alloys, such as dental and orthopedical prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Alencar Santos
- Materials Science and Technology Program, Department of Physics, School of Sciences, UNESP—São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Jean Valdir Uchôa Teixeira
- Materials Science and Technology Program, Department of Physics, School of Sciences, UNESP—São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Fonzar Pintão
- Physical and Rheological Characterization Laboratory, Department of Physics, School of Sciences, UNESP—São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego Rafael Nespeque Correa
- Laboratory of Anelasticity and Biomaterials, Department of Physics, School of Sciences, UNESP—São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Grandini
- Laboratory of Anelasticity and Biomaterials, Department of Physics, School of Sciences, UNESP—São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Noronha Lisboa-Filho
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department of Physics, School of Sciences, UNESP—São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
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Lin Q, Chen G, Zou S, Zhou W, Fu X, Shi S. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ( EIS) Explanation of Single Crystal Cu(100)/Cu(111) in Different Corrosion Stages. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1740. [PMID: 36837370 PMCID: PMC9958688 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Copper and its alloys are used widely in marine environments, and anisotropic corrosion influences the corrosion kinetics of copper. Corrosion of copper in an electrolyte containing Cl- is described as a dissolution-deposition process, which is a prolonged process. Therefore, it is laborious to clarify the corrosion anisotropy in different stages. In this paper, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) following elapsed open circuit potential (OCP) test with 0 h (0H), 24 h (24H) and 10 days (10D) was adopted. To exclude interruptions such as grain boundary and neighbor effect, single crystal (SC) Cu(100) and Cu(111) were employed. After 10D OCP, cross-sectional slices were cut and picked up by a focused ion beam (FIB). The results showed that the deposited oxide was Cu2O and Cu(100)/Cu(111) experienced different corrosion behaviors. In general, Cu(100) showed more excellent corrosion resistance. Combined with equivalent electrical circuit (EEC) diagrams, the corrosion mechanism of Cu(100)/Cu(111) in different stages was proposed. In the initial stage, a smaller capacitive loop of Cu(111) suggested preferential adsorption of Cl- on air-formed oxide film on Cu(111). Deposited oxide and exposed bare metals also played an important role in corrosion resistance. Rectangle indentations and pyramidal structures formed on Cu(100)/Cu(111), respectively. Finally, a perfect interface on Cu(100) explained the tremendous capacitive loop and higher impedance (14,274 Ω·cm2). Moreover, defects in the oxides on Cu(111) provided channels for the penetration of electrolyte, leading to a lower impedance (9423 Ω·cm2) after 10D corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology (Liaoning Province), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116085, China
| | - Guoqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology (Liaoning Province), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116085, China
- Dalian Technology (Yingkou) Advanced Material Engineering Center Company Limited, Yingkou 115004, China
| | - Shiwen Zou
- Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Wenlong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology (Liaoning Province), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116085, China
- Dalian Technology (Yingkou) Advanced Material Engineering Center Company Limited, Yingkou 115004, China
| | - Xuesong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology (Liaoning Province), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116085, China
- Dalian Technology (Yingkou) Advanced Material Engineering Center Company Limited, Yingkou 115004, China
| | - Shuyan Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116085, China
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Zhang H, Kong F, Dun Y, Chen X, Chen Q, Zhao X, Tang Y, Zuo Y. Degradation of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites in Salt Water and Rapid Evaluation by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1676. [PMID: 36837306 PMCID: PMC9966454 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and weight gain tests were performed on carbon fiber/vinyl ester and carbon fiber/bismaleimide composites in 3.5% NaCl solution to study the electrochemical and water absorption behaviors. The microstructure morphology and the flexural property of the composites in the long-term exposure process were analyzed with the scanning electron microscope and four-point bending tests. The results revealed that after long-time immersion (>200 d), the water absorption of the two composites is less than 0.5%. This has little effect on the microstructural integrity, only with slight damage on the fiber/resin interfaces, but results in a significant decrease (about 84%) in the composite flexural property. The variation of the water absorption percentage shows good consistency with that of the resin capacitance (Qc) and is negatively related to the variation of the resin resistance (Rpo) and the low-frequency impedance (|Z|0.01Hz) of the composites. A good linear relationship exists between the variations of phase angles in the middle-frequency range (0.1-10 Hz) and the |Z|0.01Hz. The phase angle at 10 Hz (θ10Hz) may be suggested as a suitable parameter to rapidly evaluate the performance of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites, just like for evaluating the protective performance of polymer-coated metals in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Corrosion Protection and Materials Research Laboratory, No. 92228 of the People’s Liberation Army, Beijing 100072, China
| | - Fabao Kong
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuchao Dun
- Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Surface Engineering, AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Quankai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xuhui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuming Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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40
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Ma X, Bifano L, Fischerauer G. Evaluation of Electrical Impedance Spectra by Long Short-Term Memory to Estimate Nitrate Concentrations in Soil. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:2172. [PMID: 36850769 PMCID: PMC9964299 DOI: 10.3390/s23042172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the nitrate concentration in soil is crucial to guide the use of nitrate-based fertilizers. This study presents the characteristics of an impedance sensor used to estimate the nitrate concentration in soil based on the sensitivity of the soil dielectric constant to ion conductivity and on electrical double layer effects at electrodes. The impedance of synthetic sandy soil samples with nitrate nitrogen concentrations ranging from 0 to 15 mg/L was measured at frequencies between 20 Hz and 5 kHz and noticeable conductance and susceptance effects were observed. Long short-term memory (LSTM), a variant of recurrent artificial neural networks (RNN), was investigated with respect to its suitability to extract nitrate concentrations from the measured impedance spectra and additional physical properties of the soils, such as mass density and water content. Both random forest and LSTM were tested as feature selection methods. Then, numerous LSTMs were trained to estimate the nitrate concentrations in the soils. To increase estimation accuracy, hyperparameters were optimized with Bayesian optimization. The resulting optimal regression model showed coefficients of determination between true and predicted nitrate concentrations as high as 0.95. Thus, it could be demonstrated that the system has the potential to monitor nitrate concentrations in soils in real time and in situ.
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Vyas V, Kotla NG, Rochev Y, Poudel A, Biggs M. Multifrequency dielectric mapping of fixed mice colon tissues in cell culture media via scanning electrochemical microscopy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1063063. [PMID: 36845172 PMCID: PMC9947134 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1063063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternating current scanning electrochemical microscopy (AC-SECM) is a powerful tool for characterizing the electrochemical reactivity of surfaces. Here, perturbation in the sample is induced by the alternating current and altered local potential is measured by the SECM probe. This technique has been used to investigate many exotic a range of biological interfaces including live cells and tissues, as well as the corrosive degradation of various metallic surfaces, etc. In principle, AC-SECM imaging is derived from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) which has been used for a century to describe interfacial and diffusive behaviour of molecules in solution or on a surface. Increasingly bioimpedance centric medical devices have become an important tool to detect evolution of tissue biochemistry. Predictive implications of measuring electrochemical changes within a tissue is one of the core concepts in developing minimally invasive and smart medical devices. In this study, cross sections of mice colon tissue were used for AC-SECM imaging. A 10 micron sized platinum probe was used for two-dimensional (2D) tan δ mapping of histological sections at a frequency of 10 kHz, Thereafter, multifrequency scans were performed at 100 Hz, 10 kHz, 300 kHz, and 900 kHz. Loss tangent (tan δ) mapping of mice colon revealed microscale regions within a tissue possessing a discrete tan δ signature. This tan δ map may be an immediate measure of physiological conditions in biological tissues. Multifrequency scans highlight subtle changes in protein or lipid composition as a function of frequency which was recorded as loss tangent maps. Impedance profile at different frequencies could also be used to identify optimal contrast for imaging and extracting the electrochemical signature specific for a tissue and its electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Vyas
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,CNRS, LIEC, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France,*Correspondence: Varun Vyas, ; Manus Biggs,
| | - Niranjan G. Kotla
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Yury Rochev
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Anup Poudel
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Manus Biggs
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,*Correspondence: Varun Vyas, ; Manus Biggs,
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Urbanowicz T, Michalak M, Marzec E, Komosa A, Filipiak KJ, Olasińska-Wiśniewska A, Witkowska A, Rodzki M, Tykarski A, Jemielity M. Coronary Artery Disease and Inflammatory Activation Interfere with Peripheral Tissue Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Characteristics-Initial Report. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:ijerph20032745. [PMID: 36768108 PMCID: PMC9915397 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The electrical properties of cells and tissues in relation to energy exposure have been investigated, presenting their resistance and capacitance characteristics. The dielectric response to radiofrequency fields exhibits polarization heterogeneity under pathological conditions. The aim of the study was to analyze the differences in changes in resistance and capacitance measurements in the range from 1 kHz to 1 MHz, combined with an assessment of the correlation between the results of electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and inflammatory activation. METHODS In the prospective study, EIS was performed on the non-dominant arm in 29 male patients (median (Q1-Q3) age of 69 (65-72)) with complex coronary artery disease and 10 male patients (median (Q1-Q3) age of 66 (62-69)) of the control group. Blood samples were collected for inflammatory index analysis. RESULTS The logistic regression analysis revealed a negative correlation with inflammatory indexes, including neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the CAD group in the frequency of 30 kHz (p = 0.038, r = -0.317) regarding EIS resistance measurements and a positive correlation in CAD group in the frequency of 10 kHz (p = 0.029, r = -0.354) regarding EIS capacitance. CONCLUSIONS The bioelectric characteristics of peripheral tissues measured by resistance and capacitance in EIS differ in patients with coronary artery disease and in the control group. Electrical impedance spectroscopy reveals a statistically significant correlation with inflammatory markers in patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Urbanowicz
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Michalak
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Marzec
- Department of Bionics and Experimental Medical Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-775 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Komosa
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J. Filipiak
- Institute of Clinical Science, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, 00-136 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Olasińska-Wiśniewska
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Witkowska
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Rodzki
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Jemielity
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
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Yokoyama S, Ishizu Y, Honda T, Imai N, Ito T, Yamamoto K, Hinoki A, Sumida W, Shirota C, Tainaka T, Makita S, Yokota K, Uchida H, Ishigami M. Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy with polidocanol for cardiac varices in children and adolescents. Arch Pediatr 2023; 30:109-112. [PMID: 36509625 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Like esophageal varices, cardiac varices are often treated with endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL). However, we previously reported that EVL for cardiac varices may be associated with a high risk of rebleeding from the ulcer if the O-ring spontaneously drops off early. The efficacy and safety of para-variceal endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) with polidocanol for the treatment of cardiac varices in children and adolescents were evaluated. METHODS Eleven patients under 18 years of age with portal hypertension who underwent para-variceal EIS with polidocanol for cardiac varices with red signs, which were considered to be at high risk of bleeding, were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS One session of para-variceal polidocanol-EIS was performed for each of the 11 patients. One patient experienced temporary hypoxia due to aspiration of saliva when the tracheal intubation tube was removed after the procedure but recovered by endotracheal suctioning; there were no other adverse events. In six of the eight cases in which efficacy could be evaluated, eradication of cardiac varices was achieved. CONCLUSION Para-variceal polidocanol-EIS may be considered instead of EVL for small cardiac varices with red signs in pediatric patients with cardiac varices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Yokoyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Yoji Ishizu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan.
| | - Takashi Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Norihiro Imai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Takanori Ito
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Akinari Hinoki
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Wataru Sumida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Chiyoe Shirota
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Takahisa Tainaka
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Satoshi Makita
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yokota
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Hiroo Uchida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishigami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 4668550, Japan
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Yokoyama S, Ishizu Y, Honda T, Imai N, Ito T, Yamamoto K, Shirota C, Tainaka T, Sumida W, Makita S, Takimoto A, Nakagawa Y, Takada S, Ishigami M, Uchida H, Kawashima H. The presence of high-risk varices after sclerotherapy in biliary atresia. Pediatr Int 2022; 65:e15454. [PMID: 36541813 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophagogastric varices (EGVs) may develop as a result of portal hypertension in children with biliary atresia (BA). Although endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) with ethanolamine oleate (EO) is reported useful for children, risk factors associated with the presence of high-risk EGVs after treatment remain unknown. METHODS The subjects were BA patients under 15 years of age who underwent EO-EIS. We retrospectively reviewed a total of 28 treatment sessions of EGVs with red signs and those larger than F2, which were considered to be at high risk of bleeding. Survival analysis was performed for the presence of high-risk EGVs at the time of follow-up endoscopy as the occurrence of an event. RESULTS Univariate analysis showed a significantly increased risk of the presence of high-risk EGVs post-EO-EIS in patients with increased liver stiffness (LS) and Mac-2 binding protein glycan isomer (M2BPGi), with hazard ratios of 1.48 and 1.15, respectively. The median presence-free period was significantly shorter in the LS ≥ 2.8 m/sec patients than in those with LS < 2.8 m/sec (189 vs. 266 days). Similarly, the median presence-free period was significantly shorter in patients with M2BPGi ≥ 4.0 than in those with M2BPGi < 4.0 (182 vs. 203 days). The results of multivariate analysis revealed that the risk of the presence of high-risk EGVs was significantly higher only in the high-LS group, with a hazard ratio of 2.76. CONCLUSIONS Increased LS is associated with risk of the presence of high-risk EGVs following EO-EIS in children with BA. (246 words).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Yokoyama
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoji Ishizu
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Honda
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Norihiro Imai
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takanori Ito
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamamoto
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chiyoe Shirota
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatric Surgery. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takahisa Tainaka
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatric Surgery. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Wataru Sumida
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatric Surgery. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Makita
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatric Surgery. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Aitaro Takimoto
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatric Surgery. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakagawa
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatric Surgery. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shunya Takada
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatric Surgery. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishigami
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroo Uchida
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Pediatric Surgery. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kawashima
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Bonfil D, Veleva L, Feliu S, Escalante-García JI. Corrosion Activity of Carbon Steel B450C and Stainless Steel SS430 Exposed to Extract Solution of a Supersulfated Cement. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:8782. [PMID: 36556588 PMCID: PMC9781006 DOI: 10.3390/ma15248782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon steel B450C and low-chromium stainless steel SS430 were exposed for 30 days to supersulfated "SS1" cement extract solution, considered as a "green" alternative for partial replacement of the Portland cement clinker. The initial pH of 12.38 dropped since the first day to 7.84, accompanied by a displacement to more negative values of the free corrosion potential (OCP) of the carbon steel up to ≈-480.74 mV, giving the formation of γ-FeOOH, α-FeOOH and Fe2O3, as suggested by XRD and XPS analysis. In the meantime, the OCP of the SS430 tended towards more positive values (+182.50 mV), although at lower pH, and XPS analysis revealed the presence of Cr(OH)3 and FeO as corrosion products, as well the crystals of CaCO3, NaCl and KCl. On both surfaces, a localized corrosion attack was observed in the vicinity of local cathodes (Cu, Mn-carbides, Cr-nitrides, among others), influenced by the presence of Cl- ions in the "SS1" extract solution, originating from the pumice. Two equivalent circuits were proposed for the quantitative analysis of EIS Nyquist and Bode diagrams, whose data were correlated with the OCP values and pH change in time of the "SS1" extract solution. The thickness of the corrosion layer formed on the SS430 surface was ≈0.8 nm, while that on the B450C layer was ≈0.3 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bonfil
- Center for Research and Advanced Study (CINVESTAV), Applied Physics Department, Campus Merida, Merida 97310, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Lucien Veleva
- Center for Research and Advanced Study (CINVESTAV), Applied Physics Department, Campus Merida, Merida 97310, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Sebastian Feliu
- National Center for Metallurgical Research (CENIM-CSIC), Surface Engineering Corrosion and Durability Department, 8040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Iván Escalante-García
- Center for Research and Advanced Study (CINVESTAV), Campus Saltillo, Ramos Arizpe 25900, Coahuila, Mexico
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Munawar T, Nadeem MS, Mukhtar F, Rehman MNU, Riaz M, Batool S, Hasan M, Iqbal F. Transition metal-doped SnO 2 and graphene oxide (GO) supported nanocomposites as efficient photocatalysts and antibacterial agents. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:90995-91016. [PMID: 35881296 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22144-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, pristine and transition metal (TM) (W, Ag, Zn)-doped SnO2 nanocrystals using a facile sol-gel approach were synthesized. The grown products were anchored on graphene oxide (GO) sheets via a simple ultrasonication technique to fabricate binary nanocomposites. The structural, optical, and morphological properties of as-synthesized samples were studied by XRD, FTIR, Raman, EDX, UV-Visible, PL, and FE-SEM. The charge transferability of graphene oxide-based samples was investigated by EIS. The XRD exhibited the TM doping in SnO2 and the development of GO-based nanocomposite. FTIR data evidenced the existence of the metal-oxygen bonds. Raman spectra presented the optical phonon modes of SnO2 and the existence of oxygen vacancy defects. FE-SEM images demonstrated the anchoring of particles on the GO sheet, and EDX further approved the existence of desired dopants. The integration of SnO2 with TM doping remarkably reduced optical bandgap (3.65-3.10 eV), which was further decreased (3.10-2.99 eV) by making composite with GO. The photodegradation results exhibited that GO-based nanocomposites have the higher potential to degrade synthetic dyes (methyl red (MR), and methyl orange (MO) and SnZnO2/GO have shown superb photocatalytic performance after 80-min sunlight illumination (99.9% MR and 95.0% MO dyes) with the higher rate constant and superior stability up to 6th cycle against MR dye. The grown samples were tested for bacterial disinfection, and SnZnO2/GO sample showed a higher zone of inhibition towards S. aureus and K. pneumoniae bacteria strains. The greater charge transfer rate and lower recombination of charge carriers in GO-based composites were also observed by EIS and PL analysis. Moreover, the present article ascribed that the photocatalytic and antibacterial properties of bare SnO2 could be improved by TM doping and fabricating their composite with GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauseef Munawar
- Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | | | - Faisal Mukhtar
- Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Riaz
- Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Sana Batool
- Institute of Bio-Chemistry, Bio-Technology, and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Murtaza Hasan
- Institute of Bio-Chemistry, Bio-Technology, and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Iqbal
- Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
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Aziz SB, Dannoun EMA, Abdullah SN, Ghareeb HO, Abdullah RM, Abdalrahman AA, Nofal MM, Kakroo S. The EDLC Energy Storage Device Based on a Natural Gelatin (NG) Biopolymer: Tuning the Capacitance through Plasticizer Variation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14225044. [PMID: 36433172 PMCID: PMC9697460 DOI: 10.3390/polym14225044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A solution casting method has been utilisedto fabricate plasticisednatural gelatin (NG)-based polymer electrolyte films. The NG electrolyte with 50 wt.% glycerol and 13 wt.% sodium nitrate (NaNO3) attained the highest ionic conductivity of 1.67 × 10-4 S cm-1. Numerous techniques were used to characterisethe NG films to assess their electrochemical performance. The data obtained from impedance spectroscopy for the plasticisedsystem, such as bulk resistance (Rb), arerelatively low. Thiscomprehensive study has been focused on dielectric characteristics and electric modulus parameters. The plasticisedsystem has shown eligibility for practice in energy storage devices with electrochemical strength up to 2.85 V. The TNM data based on ion transference number (tion) and electron transference number (te) determine the identity of the main charge carrier, ion. The redox peaks in the cyclic voltammograms have not been observed as evidence of charge accumulation other than the Faradaic process at the electrode-electrolyte interface. The GCD plot reveals a triangle shape and records arelatively low drop voltage. The high average efficiency of 90% with low ESR has been achieved over 500 cycles, indicating compatibility between electrolyte and electrode. The average power density and energy density of the plasticisedare 700 W/kg and 8 Wh/kg, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujahadeen B. Aziz
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Physics Department, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
- The Development Center for Research and Training (DCRT), University of Human Development, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq
- Correspondence:
| | - Elham M. A. Dannoun
- Associate Chair of the Department of Mathematics and Science, Woman Campus, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sozan N. Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Hewa O. Ghareeb
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Ranjdar M. Abdullah
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Physics Department, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Ari A. Abdalrahman
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Physics Department, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Muaffaq M. Nofal
- Department of Mathematics and Science, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sunanda Kakroo
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Chomean S, Nakkam N, Tassaneeyakul W, Attapong J, Kaset C. Development of label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the detection of HLA-B*15:02 and HLA-B*15:21 for the prevention of carbamazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Anal Biochem 2022; 658:114931. [PMID: 36191668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an FDA-approved anticonvulsant that is widely used to treat epilepsy, bipolar disorder, trigeminal neuralgia and chronic pain. Several studies have reported a strong association between HLA-B*15:02 and carbamazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). However, the HLA-B75 serotype (HLA-B*15:02, HLA-B*15:08, HLA-B*15:11 and HLA-B*15:21) has been found in patients with carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN. METHODS This study aimed to develop label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for the detection of HLA-B*15:02 and HLA-B*15:21 after PCR-SSP amplification. A total of 208 DNA samples were tested. The impedance was measured and compared to standard gel electrophoresis. RESULTS The developed label-free EIS identified HLA-B*15:02 and HLA-B*15:21 alleles with 100% sensitivity (95% CI: 86.773%-100.000%) and 95.05% specificity (95% CI: 90.821%-97.714%), comparable to commercial DMSc 15:02 detection kits. CONCLUSIONS We successfully developed a novel PCR-SSP associated with signal impedance changes to detect the HLA-B*15:02 allele and HLA-B*15:21 without downstream amplicon size analysis that is suitable for screening individuals before indication of CBZ therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinart Chomean
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand; Thammasat University Research Unit in Medical Technology and Precision Medicine Innovation, Thailand
| | - Nontaya Nakkam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Jirapat Attapong
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand; Thammasat University Research Unit in Medical Technology and Precision Medicine Innovation, Thailand
| | - Chollanot Kaset
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand; Thammasat University Research Unit in Medical Technology and Precision Medicine Innovation, Thailand.
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Goncharova OA, Luchkin AY, Senchikhin IN, Makarychev YB, Luchkina VA, Dement’eva OV, Vesely SS, Andreev NN. Structuring of Surface Films Formed on Magnesium in Hot Chlorobenzotriazole Vapors. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15196625. [PMID: 36233967 PMCID: PMC9572505 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Chamberprotection of metals from atmospheric corrosion is a variety of vapor-phase inhibition. It is based on the effect of adsorption films formed in the vapors of low-volatile corrosion inhibitors at elevated temperatures. The paper analyzes the specific features of the chamber protection of a magnesium alloy with chlorobenzotriazole. It has been found that the protective properties of surface films formed in hot vapors of this compound increase upon exposure of the metal to air. The processes of structuring of protective films that occur in this case have been studied by a set of corrosion, electrochemical and physical methods. It has been shown that chamber treatment of the alloy is accompanied by chlorobenzotriazole adsorption and uniform thickening of the surface oxide-hydroxide layer. In this case, the corrosion processes slow down by a factor of up to 10. Prolonged exposure of the samples in air after the chamber treatment results in additional oxidation of magnesium and hydroxylation of the oxide. However, the oxide-hydroxide layer does not grow on the entire surface, but as separate islets. Such a change in the structure of the surface films results in an additional 10-fold increase in the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy.
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Yang J, Xu C, Yang Q, Wei W, Wang C. Ag nanoparticle in situ decorated on Ti 3C 2T x with excellent SERS and EIS immunoassay performance for beta-human chorionic gonadotropin. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:348. [PMID: 36002597 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05426-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXene), with excellent optical and electrical properties, are promising substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and electrochemical sensors. Therefore, a unique 3D-decorated structure containing silver (Ag) nanoparticles and Ti3C2Tx was designed as the substrates of SERS and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) immunosensors. The Ag/Ti3C2Tx composite significantly increases Raman intensity, which is attributed to the synergistic effect of Ti3C2Tx and Ag nanoparticles. Based on the SERS performance of the Ag/Ti3C2Tx composite, the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 and the specificity of antigen-antibody, a sandwich-structured SERS immunosensor is constructed, which can effectively detect trace amounts of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG). The SERS immunosensor exhibits a wide linear range of 5.0 × 10-6-1.0 mIU mL-1, and a low detection limit of 9.0 × 10-7 mIU mL-1. Meanwhile, the Ag/Ti3C2Tx-based EIS immunosensor is constructed for the portable detection of β-hCG, which exhibits a wide linear range of 5.0 × 10-2-1.0 × 102 mIU mL-1, a low detection limit of 9.5 × 10-3 mIU mL-1. Moreover, two immunosensors can be used to detect actual serum samples with satisfactory recovery (98.5-102.2%). This work could guide the design of low-cost, sensitive, flexible, and portable biosensors. The SERS and EIS substrates composited with Ti3C2Tx and Ag nanoparticles enable excellent performance for detecting β-hCG.
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