1
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Wang S, Li Z, Xu J, Lin Q, Huang W, Fan M, Wang R, Luo Z. Rational design of a near-infrared dual-emission fluorescent probe for ratiometric imaging of glutathione in cells. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:92. [PMID: 38217642 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06179-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Sensors for which the output signal is an intensity change for a single-emission peak are easily disturbed by many factors, such as the stability of the instrument, intensity of the excitation light, and biological background. However, for ratiometric fluorescence sensors, the output signal is a change in the intensity ratio of two or more emission peaks. The fluorescence intensity of these emission peaks is similarly affected by external factors; thus, these sensors have the ability to self-correct, which can greatly improve the accuracy and reliability of the detection results. To accurately image glutathione (GSH) in cells, gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with intrinsic double emission at wavelengths of 606 nm and 794 nm were synthesized from chloroauric acid. With the emission peak at 606 nm as the recognition signal and the emission peak at 794 nm as the reference signal, a near-infrared dual-emission ratio fluorescence sensing platform was constructed to accurately detect changes in the GSH concentration in cells. In vitro and in vivo analyses showed that the ratiometric fluorescent probe specifically detects GSH and enables ultrasensitive imaging, providing a new platform for the accurate detection of active small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulong Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Zhifang Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Jiayao Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China.
| | - Qingyan Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Wenfang Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Mingzhu Fan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China.
| | - Zhihui Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China.
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2
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Ziyatdinova G, Gimadutdinova L. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Sensors for Sulfur-Containing Antioxidants. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1440. [PMID: 37512751 PMCID: PMC10384414 DOI: 10.3390/mi14071440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing antioxidants are an important part of the antioxidant defense systems in living organisms under the frame of a thiol-disulfide equilibrium. Among them, l-cysteine, l-homocysteine, l-methionine, glutathione, and α-lipoic acid are the most typical representatives. Their actions in living systems are briefly discussed. Being electroactive, sulfur-containing antioxidants are interesting analytes to be determined using various types of electrochemical sensors. Attention is paid to the chemically modified electrodes with various nanostructured coverages. The analytical capabilities of electrochemical sensors for sulfur-containing antioxidant quantification are summarized and discussed. The data are summarized and presented on the basis of the electrode surface modifier applied, i.e., carbon nanomaterials, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructures, organic mediators, polymeric coverage, and mixed modifiers. The combination of various types of nanomaterials provides a wider linear dynamic range, lower limits of detection, and higher selectivity in comparison to bare electrodes and sensors based on the one type of surface modifier. The perspective of the combination of chromatography with electrochemical detection providing the possibility for simultaneous determination of sulfur-containing antioxidants in a complex matrix has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzel Ziyatdinova
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Kazan Federal University, Kremleyevskaya, 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Liliya Gimadutdinova
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Kazan Federal University, Kremleyevskaya, 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
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3
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Xu C, Li G, Gan L, Yuan B. In Situ Electrochemical Formation of Oxo-Functionalized Graphene on Glassy Carbon Electrode with Chemical Fouling Recovery and Antibiofouling Properties for Electrochemical Sensing of Reduced Glutathione. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010008. [PMID: 36670870 PMCID: PMC9854563 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical detection can be used to achieve intracellular or in vivo analysis of reduced glutathione (GSH) in tissues such as brain by using a microelectrode, which can help to better understand the complex biochemical processes of this molecule in the human body. The main challenges associated with electrochemical GSH detection are the chemical fouling of electrodes, caused by the oxidation product of GSSG, and biofouling due to the non-specific absorption of biological macromolecules. Oxo-functionalized graphene was generated in situ on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode using a green electrochemical method without using any other modifiers or materials in a mild water solution. The fabricated oxo-functionalized graphene interface was characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electrochemistry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. The interface showed high electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of GSH, and a simple and efficient GSH sensor was developed. Interestingly, the electrode is reusable and could be recovered from the chemical fouling via electrochemical oxidation and reduction treatment. The electrode also exhibited good antibiofouling properties. The presented method could be a promising method used to treat carbon materials, especially carbon-based microelectrodes for electrochemical monitoring of intracellular glutathione or in vivo analysis.
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4
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Li G, Yuan B, Chen S, Gan L, Xu C. Covalent Organic Frameworks-TpPa-1 as an Emerging Platform for Electrochemical Sensing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12172953. [PMID: 36079991 PMCID: PMC9457582 DOI: 10.3390/nano12172953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a new type of metal-free porous architecture with a well-designed pore structure and high stability. Here an efficient electrochemical sensing platform was demonstrated based on COFs TpPa-1 constructed by 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) with p-phenylenediamine (Pa-1), which possesses abundant nitrogen and oxo-functionalities. COFs TpPa-1 exhibited good water dispersibility and strong adsorption affinities for Pd2+ and thus was used as loading support to modify Pd2+. The Pd2+-modified COFs TpPa-1 electrode (Pd2+/COFs) showed high electrocatalytic activity for both hydrazine oxidation reaction and nitrophenol reduction reaction. In addition, TpPa-1-derived nitrogen-doped carbon presented high activity for the electro-oxidation of reduced glutathione (GSH), and sensitive electrochemical detection of GSH was achieved. The presented COFs TpPa-1 can be utilized as a precursor as well as support for anchoring electro-active molecules and nanoparticles, which will be useful for electrochemical sensing and electrocatalysis.
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5
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Xu Z, Li P, Chen H, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Liu M, Yao S. Picomolar glutathione detection based on the dual-signal self-calibration electrochemical sensor of ferrocene-functionalized copper metal-organic framework via solid-state electrochemistry of cuprous chloride. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 628:798-806. [PMID: 36029594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemical biosensing techniques are essential for food analysis and disease diagnosis. Nanomaterials with redox activity show great potential in electrochemical analysis, acting as signal labels or signal amplification unit, which can reflect the targets concentration in foods and biological samples. Here, an ultra-sensitive dual-signal intrinsic self-calibration electrochemical platform for GSH was firstly fabricated based on the novel electroactive nanomaterial of ferrocene-functionalized copper metal-organic framework (Fc-Cu-MOF). Due to the solid-state electrochemical property of cuprous chloride (CuCl), a sharp characteristic peak with an increased signal appears with the coexistence of chloride ions in solution. The stronger specific affinity between Cu+ and GSH than that of Cu+ and Cl- triggers a "crowding effect" that causes the current signal of CuCl decrease greatly. Meanwhile, the peak current of ferrocene keeps unchanged as an internal reference. Based on the ratio of the peak current variation (ΔICu/ΔIFc) as the signal output, Fc-Cu-MOF modified electrode showed wider linear range in 0.1 nM -1 μM for GSH with the detection limit as low as 0.025 nM. And the sensor was successfully applied in the determination of GSH with excellent recoveries in various real samples such as food and serum samples, providing good prospect in application of bioanalysis and food screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education, China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Peipei Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education, China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Haoyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education, China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education, China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education, China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Meiling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education, China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
| | - Shouzhuo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education, China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
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6
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Zhang T, Gan Z, Zhen S, Hu Y, Hu X. Monitoring of glutathione using ratiometric fluorescent sensor based on MnO 2 nanosheets simultaneously tuning the fluorescence of Rhodamine 6G and thiamine hydrochloride. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 271:120942. [PMID: 35114634 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
L-glutathione (GSH) which has reducibility and integrated detoxification plays an important role in maintaining normal immune system function. Its abnormal levels are relevant to some clinical diseases. In this work, a facile ratiometric fluorescence sensor for GSH was designed based on MnO2 nanosheets, Thiamine hydrochloride (VB1) and Rhodamine 6G (R6G). VB1 could be oxidized into fluorescent ox-VB1 due to the strong oxidizing property of MnO2, and MnO2 nanosheets simultaneously could quench the fluorescence of R6G based on the inner filter effect (IFE). MnO2 could react with GSH to form Mn2+, which caused its losing oxidizing property and quenching capacity. According to this principle, the concentration of ox-VB1 diminished, resulting in its fluorescence intensity decreasing at 455 nm and the fluorescence of R6G recovering at 560 nm. Under optimal conditions, the VB1-MnO2-R6G detection system showed a wide linear range towards GSH in the range of 1.0-300.0 µmolL-1 with a low detection limit reaching 0.52 µmolL-1. Furthermore, the method was also applied in the determination of GSH in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Gan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Shujun Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yongmei Hu
- Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu 610017, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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7
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Perk B, Büyüksünetçi YT, Hakli Ö, Xue C, Li Q, Anik Ü. Centri‐Voltammetric GSH Detection with PDI‐C
4
SH as a Carrier Material. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benay Perk
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University Faculty of Science Chemistry Department Kotekli Mugla/ Turkey
| | | | - Özgül Hakli
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University Faculty of Science Chemistry Department Kotekli Mugla/ Turkey
| | - Chenming Xue
- Liquid Crystal Institute Kent State University Kent Ohio 44242 United States
| | - Quan Li
- Liquid Crystal Institute Kent State University Kent Ohio 44242 United States
| | - Ülkü Anik
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University Faculty of Science Chemistry Department Kotekli Mugla/ Turkey
- Sensors, Biosensors and Nano-Diagnostics Systems Lab Research Laboratory Center Mugla Sitki Kocman University Kotekli-Mugla/ Turkey
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8
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Garg M, Gupta A, Sharma AL, Singh S. Advancements in 2D Materials Based Biosensors for Oxidative Stress Biomarkers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5944-5960. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Garg
- CSIR- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh 160030, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Arushi Gupta
- CSIR- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh 160030, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Amit L. Sharma
- CSIR- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh 160030, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Suman Singh
- CSIR- Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh 160030, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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9
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Jiang C, Zhang C, Song J, Ji X, Wang W. Cytidine-gold nanoclusters as peroxidase mimetic for colorimetric detection of glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and glutathione reductase (GR). SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 250:119316. [PMID: 33418475 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal levels of glutathione (GSH) and glutathione oxidized (GSSG) usually relates to some diseases, thus quantifying the amount of GSH or GSSG is of great significance. A label-free sensing assay based on the enzyme-mimicking property of Cytidine-Au nanoclusters (Cy-AuNCs) was demonstrated for colorimetric detection of GSH, GSSG and glutathione reductase (GR). Firstly, obvious blue color accompanied with an absorption peak at 652 nm was observed due to the high peroxidase-like activity of Cy-AuNCs toward 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Then, in the presence of target, the mimetic activity of Cy-AuNCs could be strongly inhibited and used to achieve the visualization detection. The inhibition effect arose from the surface interaction between GSH and Cy-AuNCs. Linear relationships between absorbance response and concentration were obtained between 0 and 0.4 mM for GSH, 0-2.5 mM for GSSG and 0-0.2 U/mL for GR. The limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as low as 0.01 mM, 0.03 mM and 0.003 U/mL for GSH, GSSG and GR, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed method displayed rapid response, easy procedure and high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuifeng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Juan Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China
| | - Xiaojie Ji
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China.
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10
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Shan X, Shan X, Pan T, Dai F, Chen X, Wang W, Chen Z. A Solid-state Electrochemiluminescence Sensor for Detecting Glutathione with a Graphite-phase Carbon Nitride/Silica Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. ANAL SCI 2019; 35:1299-1304. [PMID: 31308299 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19p201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A solid-state electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor for the detection of reduced glutathione (GSH) based on a g-C3N4/SiO2 modified glass carbon electrode (GCE) has been developed in this research. The g-C3N4, which is employed as a luminophore, is simply prepared and exhibits an excellent ECL response. Mesoporous silica hollow spheres (SiO2) with a large specific surface area are introduced here to increase the loading amount of g-C3N4. Compared to a g-C3N4 modified GCE, the g-C3N4/SiO2 modified GCE displays a much higher ECL intensity. A high enhancement effect on the ECL intensity of g-C3N4/SiO2 modified GCE is obtained in the presence of GSH in the electrolyte. Moreover, the enhanced ECL intensity shows a good linear relationship to the GSH concentration in the range from 1.0 × 10-7 to 5.0 × 10-4 M, with a detection limit of 2.0 × 10-8 M (6.1 ng/mL). Besides, the ECL sensor exhibits a good anti-interference ability and has been successfully applied in the detection of GSH in commercial samples. The proposed sensor provides a promising platform for life science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University
| | - Xiaomeng Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University
| | - Tao Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University
| | - Fanzhuo Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- School of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Engineering
| | - Wenchang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University
| | - Zhidong Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University
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11
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Rahimi M, Bagheri Gh. A, Fatemi SJ. A new sensor consisting of bird nest-like nanostructured nickel cobaltite as the sensing element for electrochemical determination of doxorubicin. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Hanko M, Švorc Ľ, Planková A, Mikuš P. Overview and recent advances in electrochemical sensing of glutathione - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1062:1-27. [PMID: 30947984 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present paper is aimed at providing an overview of the recent advances in the electrochemical sensing of glutathione (GSH), an important electrochemically and biologically active molecule, for the period 2012-2018. Herein, the analytical performances of newly developed electrochemical methods, procedures and protocols for GSH sensing are comprehensively and critically discussed with respect to the type of method, electrodes used (new electrode modifications, advanced materials and formats), sample matrices, and basic validation parameters obtained (limit of detection, linear dynamic range, precision, selectivity/evaluation of interferences). This paper considers electrochemical methods used alone as well as the hyphenated methods with electrochemical detection (ECD), such as HPLC-ECD or CE-ECD. The practical applicability of the platforms developed for GSH detection and quantification is mostly focused on pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. The most significant electrochemical approaches for GSH detection in multicomponent analyte samples and multicomponent matrices and for real-time in vivo GSH analysis are highlighted. The great variability in the electrochemical techniques, electrode approaches, and obtainable performance parameters, discussed in this review, brought new insights not only on current GSH and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) determinations, but, along with this, on the advances in electrochemical analysis from a more general point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hanko
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľubomír Švorc
- Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Alexandra Planková
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Mikuš
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Odbojárov 10, SK-832 32, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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13
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Li X, Yang H, Wang N, Sun T, Bian W, Choi MM. Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-doped Fluorescent Carbon Dots for the Detection of Morin and Cell Imaging. CURR ANAL CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180904104629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Morin has many pharmacological functions including antioxidant, anticancer,
anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. It is commonly used in the treatment of antiviral infection,
gastropathy, coronary heart disease and hepatitis B in clinic. However, researches have shown
that morin is likely to show prooxidative effects on the cells when the amount of treatment is at high
dose, leading to the decrease of intracellular ATP levels and the increase of necrosis process. Therefore,
it is necessary to determine the concentration of morin in biologic samples.
Method:
Novel water-soluble and green nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (NSCDs) were prepared
by a microwave heating process with citric acid and L-cysteine. The fluorescence spectra were
collected at an excitation wavelength of 350 nm when solutions of NSCDs were mixed with various
concentrations of morin.
Results:
The as-prepared NSCDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction
and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The fluorescence intensity of NSCDs decreased significantly
with the increase of morin concentration. The fluorescence intensity of NSCDs displayed a linear
response to morin in the concentration 0.10-30 μM with a low detection limit of 56 nM. The proposed
fluorescent probe was applied to analysis of morin in human body fluids with recoveries of
98.0-102%.
Conclusion:
NSCDs were prepared by a microwave heating process. The present analytical method is
sensitive to morin. The quenching process between NSCDs and morin is attributed to the static
quenching. In addition, the cellular toxicity on HeLa cells indicated that the as-prepared NSCDs fluorescent
probe does not show obvious cytotoxicity in cell imaging. Our proposed method possibly
opens up a rapid and nontoxic way for preparing heteroatom doped carbon dots with a broad application
prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebing Li
- Shanxi Medical University, 030001 Taiyuan, China
| | - Haifen Yang
- Shanxi Medical University, 030001 Taiyuan, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, 030001 Taiyuan, China
| | - Tijian Sun
- Shanxi Medical University, 030001 Taiyuan, China
| | - Wei Bian
- Shanxi Medical University, 030001 Taiyuan, China
| | - Martin M.F. Choi
- Bristol Chinese Christian Church, c/o Tyndale Baptist Church, 137-139 Whiteladies Road, Bristol, BS8 2QG, United Kingdom
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14
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Buchtova Z, Lackova Z, Kudr J, Zitka Z, Skoda J, Zitka O. Capillary Blood GSH Level Monitoring, Using an Electrochemical Method Adapted for Micro Volumes. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102504. [PMID: 30274319 PMCID: PMC6222753 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine; also known as GSH) is an endogenous antioxidant that plays a crucial role in cell defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. It is thus not surprising that this molecule can serve as a biomarker for oxidative stress monitoring. As capillary blood is a highly accessible target for biomarking, it is a valuable bodily fluid for diagnosing human GSH levels. This study focused on the optimization of GSH measurements from micro volumes of capillary blood prior to using electrochemical detection. The optimization of experimental parameters, including the sample volume and its stability, was performed and evaluated. Moreover, we tested the optimized method as part of a short-term study. The study consisted of examining 10 subjects within 96 h of their consumption of high amounts of antioxidants, attained from a daily dose of 2 g/150 mL of green tea. The subjects' capillary blood (5 μL) was taken at 0 h, 48 h, and 96 h for subsequent analysis. The short-term supplementation of diet with green tea showed an increase of GSH pool by approximately 38% (between 0 and 48 h) within all subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaneta Buchtova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zuzana Lackova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Kudr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdenek Zitka
- University Sports Centre, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Komenskeho namesti 2, CZ-662 43 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Skoda
- University Sports Centre, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Komenskeho namesti 2, CZ-662 43 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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15
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Liu B, Ma C, Li Y, Kou Y, Lu J, Jiang X, Tan L. Voltammetric determination of reduced glutathione using poly(thionine) as a mediator in the presence of Fenton-type reaction. Talanta 2017; 170:399-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Yuan B, Xu C, Zhang R, Lv D, Li S, Zhang D, Liu L, Fernandez C. Glassy carbon electrode modified with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane and graphene oxide triggered a synergistic effect: Low-potential amperometric detection of reduced glutathione. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 96:1-7. [PMID: 28448855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive electrochemical sensor based on the synergistic effect of 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and graphene oxide (GO) for low-potential amperometric detection of reduced glutathione (GSH) in pH 7.2 phosphate buffer solution (PBS) has been reported. This is the first time that the combination of GO and TCNQ have been successfully employed to construct an electrochemical sensor for the detection of glutathione. The surface of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified by a drop casting using TCNQ and GO. Cyclic voltammetric measurements showed that TCNQ and GO triggered a synergistic effect and exhibited an unexpected electrocatalytic activity towards GSH oxidation, compared to GCE modified with only GO, TCNQ or TCNQ/electrochemically reduced GO. Three oxidation waves for GSH were found at -0.05, 0.1 and 0.5V, respectively. Amperometric techniques were employed to detect GSH sensitively using a GCE modified with TCNQ/GO at -0.05V. The electrochemical sensor showed a wide linear range from 0.25 to 124.3μM and 124.3μM to 1.67mM with a limit of detection of 0.15μM. The electroanalytical sensor was successfully applied towards the detection of GSH in an eye drop solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiqing Yuan
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China.
| | - Chunying Xu
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Renchun Zhang
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Donghui Lv
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Daojun Zhang
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Carlos Fernandez
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB10 7GJ, United Kingdom.
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17
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Meloni GN, Bertotti M. Ring-disc Microelectrodes towards Glutathione Electrochemical Detection. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel N. Meloni
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; University of São Paulo; Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 05508-000 São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Mauro Bertotti
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; University of São Paulo; Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 05508-000 São Paulo, SP Brazil
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