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Liu Q, Peng Y, Masood Z, DuBois D, Tressel J, Nichols F, Ashby P, Mercado R, Assafa T, Pan D, Kuo HL, Lu JQ, Bridges F, Millhauser G, Ge Q, Chen S. Stable Cuprous Hydroxide Nanostructures by Organic Ligand Functionalization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208665. [PMID: 36462218 PMCID: PMC9975062 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Copper compounds have been extensively investigated for diverse applications. However, studies of cuprous hydroxide (CuOH) have been scarce due to structural metastability. Herein, a facile, wet-chemistry procedure is reported for the preparation of stable CuOH nanostructures via deliberate functionalization with select organic ligands, such as acetylene and mercapto derivatives. The resulting nanostructures are found to exhibit a nanoribbon morphology consisting of small nanocrystals embedded within a largely amorphous nanosheet-like scaffold. The acetylene derivatives are found to anchor onto the CuOH forming CuC linkages, whereas CuS interfacial bonds are formed with the mercapto ligands. Effective electronic coupling occurs at the ligand-core interface in the former, in contrast to mostly non-conjugated interfacial bonds in the latter, as manifested in spectroscopic measurements and confirmed in theoretical studies based on first principles calculations. Notably, the acetylene-capped CuOH nanostructures exhibit markedly enhanced photodynamic activity in the inhibition of bacteria growth, as compared to the mercapto-capped counterparts due to a reduced material bandgap and effective photocatalytic generation of reactive oxygen species. Results from this study demonstrate that deliberate structural engineering with select organic ligands is an effective strategy in the stabilization and functionalization of CuOH nanostructures, a critical first step in exploring their diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - Yi Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - Zaheer Masood
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901
| | - Davida DuBois
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - John Tressel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - Forrest Nichols
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - Paul Ashby
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Rene Mercado
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - Tufa Assafa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - Dingjie Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - Han-Lin Kuo
- School of Engineering, University of California, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343
| | - Jennifer Q. Lu
- School of Engineering, University of California, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343
| | - Frank Bridges
- Department of Physics, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - Glenn Millhauser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
| | - Qingfeng Ge
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901
| | - Shaowei Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064
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Chen TN, Kao JC, Zhong XY, Chan SJ, Patra AS, Lo YC, Huang MH. Facet-Specific Photocatalytic Activity Enhancement of Cu 2O Polyhedra Functionalized with 4-Ethynylanaline Resulting from Band Structure Tuning. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:984-994. [PMID: 32607445 PMCID: PMC7318064 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cu2O rhombic dodecahedra, octahedra, and cubes were densely modified with conjugated 4-ethynylaniline (4-EA) for facet-dependent photocatalytic activity examination. Infrared spectroscopy affirms bonding of the acetylenic group of 4-EA onto the surface copper atoms. The photocatalytically inactive Cu2O cubes showed surprisingly high activity toward methyl orange photodegradation after 4-EA modification, while the already active Cu2O rhombic dodecahedra and octahedra exhibited a photocatalytic activity enhancement. Electron, hole, and radical scavenger experiments prove that the photocatalytic charge transport processes have occurred in the functionalized Cu2O cubes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy also indicates reduced charge transfer resistance of the functionalized Cu2O crystals. A band diagram constructed from UV-vis spectral and Mott-Schottky measurements reveals significant band energy shifts in all Cu2O samples after decorating with 4-EA. From density functional theory (DFT) calculations, a new band has emerged slightly above the valence band maximum within the band gap of Cu2O, which has been found to originate from 4-EA through band-decomposed charge density analysis. The increased charge density localized on the 4-EA molecule and the smallest electron transition energy to reach the 4-EA-generated band are factors making {100}-bound Cu2O cubes photocatalytically active. Proper molecular decoration represents a powerful approach to improving the photocatalytic efficiency of semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ning Chen
- Department
of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied
Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua
University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Cheng Kao
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Xin-Yan Zhong
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ju Chan
- Department
of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied
Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua
University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Anindya S. Patra
- Department
of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied
Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua
University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Lo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- E-mail:
| | - Michael H. Huang
- Department
of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied
Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua
University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- E-mail:
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3
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Peng Y, Liu Q, Chen S. Structural Engineering of Semiconductor Nanoparticles by Conjugated Interfacial Bonds. CHEM REC 2020; 20:41-50. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201900010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California 1156 High Street Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
| | - Qiming Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California 1156 High Street Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
| | - Shaowei Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California 1156 High Street Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
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Zhang S, Xu F, Liu ZQ, Chen YS, Luo YL. Novel electrochemical sensors from poly[N-(ferrocenyl formacyl) pyrrole]@multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposites for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 31:085503. [PMID: 31675739 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab53bb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Novel multi-walled carbon nanotubes coated with poly[N-(ferrocenyl formacyl) pyrrole] (MWCNTs@PFFP) nanocomposites were prepared through the in situ oxidation polymerization reaction of N-(ferrocenyl formacyl) pyrrole in the presence of MWCNTs. The MWCNTs@PFFP nanocomposites were characterized by FT-IR, Raman, TGA, XRD, XPS, SEM and TEM techniques. The MWCNTs@PFFP nanocomposites were fabricated into novel electrochemical sensors for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The electrochemical behavior of the MWCNTs@PFFP/GCE sensors was examined, and the parameters that influence electrochemical signals were optimized. The experimental results showed that the fabricated modified electrode sensors exhibited good sensitivity, selectivity, specificity, repeatability and a long lifetime, remaining the initial current of at least 92.5% after 15 days storage in air. The sensors possessed a linear response concentration range over 200-400 μM for AA, 2-16 μM for both DA and UA, and a limit of detection as low as 40.0, 1.1 and 7.3 × 10-1 μM for AA, DA and UA, respectively. They are expected to be used as a potential tool for the simultaneous detection of DA, AA and UA in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, People's Republic of China
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Peng Y, Lu B, Wu F, Zhang F, Lu JE, Kang X, Ping Y, Chen S. Point of Anchor: Impacts on Interfacial Charge Transfer of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15290-15299. [PMID: 30345757 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced charge transfer across the metal oxide-organic ligand interface plays a key role in the diverse applications of metal oxide nanomaterials/nanostructures, such as photovoltaics, photocatalysis, and optoelectronics. Thus far, most studies are focused on molecular engineering of the organic chromophores, where the charge-transfer properties have been found to dictate the photo absorption efficiency and eventual device performance. Yet, as the chromophores are mostly bound onto the metal oxide surfaces by hydroxyl or carboxyl anchors, the impacts of the bonding interactions at the metal oxide-ligand interface on interfacial charge transfer have remained largely unexplored. Herein, acetylene derivatives are demonstrated as effective surface capping ligands for metal oxide nanoparticles, as exemplified with TiO2, RuO2, and ZnO. Experimental studies and first-principles calculations suggest the formation of M-O-C≡C- core-ligand linkages that lead to effective interfacial charge delocalization, in contrast to hopping/tunneling by the conventional M-O-CO- interfacial bonds in the carboxyl-capped counterparts. This leads to the generation of an interfacial state within the oxide bandgap and much enhanced sensitization of the nanoparticle photoluminescence emissions as well as photocatalytic activity, as manifested in the comparative studies with TiO2 nanoparticles functionalized with ethynylpyrene and pyrenecarboxylic acid. These results highlight the significance of the unique interfacial bonding chemistry by acetylene anchoring group in facilitating efficient charge transfer through the oxide-ligand interfacial linkage and hence the fundamental implication in their practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , 1156 High Street , Santa Cruz , California 95060 , United States
| | - Bingzhang Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , 1156 High Street , Santa Cruz , California 95060 , United States
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , 1156 High Street , Santa Cruz , California 95060 , United States
| | - Fengqi Zhang
- New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy , South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510006 , China
| | - Jia En Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , 1156 High Street , Santa Cruz , California 95060 , United States
| | - Xiongwu Kang
- New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy , South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510006 , China
| | - Yuan Ping
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , 1156 High Street , Santa Cruz , California 95060 , United States
| | - Shaowei Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , 1156 High Street , Santa Cruz , California 95060 , United States.,New Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy , South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510006 , China
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Peng Y, Lu B, Wang N, Li L, Chen S. Impacts of interfacial charge transfer on nanoparticle electrocatalytic activity towards oxygen reduction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:9336-9348. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp08925a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial electron transfer within platinum and non-platinum-based nanocatalysts plays a significant role in the manipulation of the electronic interactions between oxygen species and the catalyst surfaces, which may be exploited as an effective mechanism to enhance and optimize the activity towards oxygen reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Cruz
- USA
| | - Bingzhang Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Cruz
- USA
| | - Nan Wang
- New Energy Research Institute
- School of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center
- Guangzhou 510006
| | - Ligui Li
- New Energy Research Institute
- School of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center
- Guangzhou 510006
| | - Shaowei Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Cruz
- USA
- New Energy Research Institute
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Xu F, Cui ZM, Li H, Luo YL. Electrochemical determination of trace pesticide residues based on multiwalled carbon nanotube grafted acryloyloxy ferrocene carboxylates with different spacers. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26436k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the preparation of nanohybrid composites with good electrochemical response for the detection of pesticide residues by combining esterification with ATRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuo-Miao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- P. R. China
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- P. R. China
| | - Yan-Ling Luo
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- P. R. China
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Hu P, Chen L, Kang X, Chen S. Surface Functionalization of Metal Nanoparticles by Conjugated Metal-Ligand Interfacial Bonds: Impacts on Intraparticle Charge Transfer. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:2251-2260. [PMID: 27690382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticles represent a unique class of functional nanomaterials with physical and chemical properties that deviate markedly from those of their atomic and bulk forms. In order to stabilize the nanoparticles and further manipulate the materials properties, surface functionalization with organic molecules has been utilized as a powerful tool. Among those, mercapto derivatives have been used extensively as the ligands of choice for nanoparticle surface functionalization by taking advantage of the strong affinity of thiol moieties to transition metal surfaces forming (polar) metal-thiolate linkages. Yet, the nanoparticle material properties are generally discussed within the context of the two structural components, the metal cores and the organic capping layers, whereas the impacts of the metal-sulfur interfacial bonds are largely ignored because of the lack of interesting chemistry. In recent years, it has been found that metal nanoparticles may also be functionalized by stable metal-carbon (or even -nitrogen) covalent bonds. Because of the formation of dπ-pπ interactions between the transition-metal nanoparticles and terminal carbon moieties, the interfacial resistance at the metal-ligand interface is markedly reduced, leading to the emergence of unprecedented optical and electronic properties. In this Account, we summarize recent progress in the studies of metal nanoparticles functionalized by conjugated metal-ligand interfacial bonds that include metal-carbene (M═C) and metal-acetylide (M-C≡)/metal-vinylidene (M═C═C) bonds. Such interfacial bonds are readily formed by ligand self-assembly onto nanoparticle metal cores. The resulting nanoparticles exhibit apparent intraparticle charge delocalization between the particle-bound functional moieties, leading to the emergence of optical and electronic properties that are analogous to those of their dimeric counterparts, as manifested in spectroscopic and electrochemical measurements. This is first highlighted by ferrocene-functionalized nanoparticles that exhibit nanoparticle-mediated intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) among the particle-bound ferrocenyl moieties, as manifested in electrochemical and spectroscopic measurements. Such intraparticle charge delocalization has also been observed with other functional moieties such as pyrene and anthracene, where the photoluminescence emissions are consistent with those of their dimeric derivatives. Importantly, as such electronic communication occurs via a through-bond pathway, it may be readily manipulated by the valence states of the nanoparticle cores as well as specific binding of selective molecules/ions to the organic capping shells. These fundamental insights may be exploited for diverse applications, ranging from chemical sensing to (nano)electronics and fuel cell electrochemistry. Several examples are included, such as sensitive detection of nitroaromatic derivatives, metal cations, and fluoride anions by fluorophore-functionalized metal nanoparticles, fabrication of nanoparticle-bridged molecular dyads by, for instance, using nanoparticles cofunctionalized with 4-ethynyl-N,N-diphenyl-aniline (electron donor) and 9-vinylanthracene (electron acceptor), and enhanced electrocatalytic activity of acetylene derivatives-functionalized metal/alloy nanoparticles for oxygen reduction reaction by manipulation of the metal core electron density and hence interactions with reaction intermediates. We conclude this Account with a perspective where inspiration from conventional organometallic chemistry may be exploited for more complicated nanoparticle surface functionalization through the formation of diverse metal-nonmetal bonds. This is a unique platform for ready manipulation of nanoparticle properties and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiguang Hu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High
Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Limei Chen
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High
Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Xiongwu Kang
- New
Energy Research Institute, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Shaowei Chen
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 1156 High
Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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