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Han X, Zhong H, Li K, Xue X, Wu W, Hu N, Lu X, Huang J, Xiao G, Mai Y, Guo T. Operando monitoring of dendrite formation in lithium metal batteries via ultrasensitive tilted fiber Bragg grating sensors. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:24. [PMID: 38253485 PMCID: PMC10803745 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) dendrite growth significantly deteriorates the performance and shortens the operation life of lithium metal batteries. Capturing the intricate dynamics of surface localized and rapid mass transport at the electrolyte-electrode interface of lithium metal is essential for the understanding of the dendrite growth process, and the evaluation of the solutions mitigating the dendrite growth issue. Here we demonstrate an approach based on an ultrasensitive tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) sensor which is inserted close to the electrode surface in a working lithium metal battery, without disturbing its operation. Thanks to the superfine optical resonances of the TFBG, in situ and rapid monitoring of mass transport kinetics and lithium dendrite growth at the nanoscale interface of lithium anodes have been achieved. Reliable correlations between the performance of different natural/artificial solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) and the time-resolved optical responses have been observed and quantified, enabling us to link the nanoscale ion and SEI behavior with the macroscopic battery performance. This new operando tool will provide additional capabilities for parametrization of the batteries' electrochemistry and help identify the optimal interphases of lithium metal batteries to enhance battery performance and its safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xile Han
- Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hai Zhong
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Kaiwei Li
- Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Xiaobin Xue
- Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wen Wu
- Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xihong Lu
- The Key Lab of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511400, China.
| | - Gaozhi Xiao
- Advanced Electronics and Photonics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, K1A 0R6, Canada.
| | - Yaohua Mai
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Tuan Guo
- Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Shinde SS, Wagh NK, Kim S, Lee J. Li, Na, K, Mg, Zn, Al, and Ca Anode Interface Chemistries Developed by Solid-State Electrolytes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304235. [PMID: 37743719 PMCID: PMC10646287 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have received significant attention due to their high energy density, reversible cycle life, and safe operations relative to commercial Li-ion batteries using flammable liquid electrolytes. This review presents the fundamentals, structures, thermodynamics, chemistries, and electrochemical kinetics of desirable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) required to meet the practical requirements of reversible anodes. Theoretical and experimental insights for metal nucleation, deposition, and stripping for the reversible cycling of metal anodes are provided. Ion transport mechanisms and state-of-the-art solid-state electrolytes (SEs) are discussed for realizing high-performance cells. The interface challenges and strategies are also concerned with the integration of SEs, anodes, and cathodes for large-scale SSBs in terms of physical/chemical contacts, space-charge layer, interdiffusion, lattice-mismatch, dendritic growth, chemical reactivity of SEI, current collectors, and thermal instability. The recent innovations for anode interface chemistries developed by SEs are highlighted with monovalent (lithium (Li+ ), sodium (Na+ ), potassium (K+ )) and multivalent (magnesium (Mg2+ ), zinc (Zn2+ ), aluminum (Al3+ ), calcium (Ca2+ )) cation carriers (i.e., lithium-metal, lithium-sulfur, sodium-metal, potassium-ion, magnesium-ion, zinc-metal, aluminum-ion, and calcium-ion batteries) compared to those of liquid counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambhaji S. Shinde
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi‐do15588Republic of Korea
- FLEXOLYTE Inc.Ansan15588Republic of Korea
| | - Nayantara K. Wagh
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi‐do15588Republic of Korea
- FLEXOLYTE Inc.Ansan15588Republic of Korea
| | - Sung‐Hae Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi‐do15588Republic of Korea
- FLEXOLYTE Inc.Ansan15588Republic of Korea
| | - Jung‐Ho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi‐do15588Republic of Korea
- FLEXOLYTE Inc.Ansan15588Republic of Korea
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Wang Z, Deng Q, Song Z, Liu Y, Xing J, Wei C, Wang Y, Li J. Ultrathin Li-rich Li-Cu alloy anode capped with lithiophilic LiC6 headspace enabling stable cyclic performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 643:205-213. [PMID: 37058895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Li-rich dual-phase Li-Cu alloy is a promising candidate toward practical application of Li metal anode due to its in situ formed unique three-dimensional (3D) skeleton of electrochemical inert LiCux solid-solution phase. Since a thin layer of metallic Li phase appears on the surface of as-prepared Li-Cu alloy, the LiCux framework cannot regulate Li deposition efficiently in the first Li plating process. Herein, a lithiophilic LiC6 headspace is capped on the upper surface of the Li-Cu alloy, which can not only offer free space to accommodate Li deposition and maintain dimensional stability of the anode, but also provide abundant lithiophilic sites and guide Li deposition effectively. This unique bilayer architecture is fabricated via a facile thermal infiltration method, where the Li-Cu alloy layer with an ultrathin thickness around 40 μm occupies the bottom of a carbon paper (CP) sheet, and the upper part of this 3D porous framework is reserved as the headspace for Li storage. Notably, the molten Li can quickly convert these carbon fibers of the CP into lithiophilic LiC6 fibers while the CP is touched with the liquid Li. The synergetic effect between the LiC6 fibers framework and LiCux nanowires scaffold can ensure a uniform local electric field and stable Li metal deposition during cycling. As a consequence, the CP capped ultrathin Li-Cu alloy anode demonstrates excellent cycling stability and rate capability.
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Nguyen M, Cho J, Katyal N, Vishnugopi BS, Hao H, Fang R, Wu N, Liu P, Mukherjee PP, Nanda J, Henkelman G, Watt J, Mitlin D. Stable Anode-Free All-Solid-State Lithium Battery through Tuned Metal Wetting on the Copper Current Collector. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2206762. [PMID: 36445936 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A stable anode-free all-solid-state battery (AF-ASSB) with sulfide-based solid-electrolyte (SE) (argyrodite Li6 PS5 Cl) is achieved by tuning wetting of lithium metal on "empty" copper current-collector. Lithiophilic 1 µm Li2 Te is synthesized by exposing the collector to tellurium vapor, followed by in situ Li activation during the first charge. The Li2 Te significantly reduces the electrodeposition/electrodissolution overpotentials and improves Coulombic efficiency (CE). During continuous electrodeposition experiments using half-cells (1 mA cm-2 ), the accumulated thickness of electrodeposited Li on Li2 Te-Cu is more than 70 µm, which is the thickness of the Li foil counter-electrode. Full AF-ASSB with NMC811 cathode delivers an initial CE of 83% at 0.2C, with a cycling CE above 99%. Cryogenic focused ion beam (Cryo-FIB) sectioning demonstrates uniform electrodeposited metal microstructure, with no signs of voids or dendrites at the collector-SE interface. Electrodissolution is uniform and complete, with Li2 Te remaining structurally stable and adherent. By contrast, an unmodified Cu current-collector promotes inhomogeneous Li electrodeposition/electrodissolution, electrochemically inactive "dead metal," dendrites that extend into SE, and thick non-uniform solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) interspersed with pores. Density functional theory (DFT) and mesoscale calculations provide complementary insight regarding nucleation-growth behavior. Unlike conventional liquid-electrolyte metal batteries, the role of current collector/support lithiophilicity has not been explored for emerging AF-ASSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Wang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute (TMI), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1591, USA
| | - Yijie Liu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute (TMI), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1591, USA
| | - Mai Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Jaeyoung Cho
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Naman Katyal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Bairav S Vishnugopi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Hongchang Hao
- Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute (TMI), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1591, USA
| | - Ruyi Fang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute (TMI), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1591, USA
| | - Nan Wu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute (TMI), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1591, USA
| | - Pengcheng Liu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute (TMI), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1591, USA
| | - Partha P Mukherjee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jagjit Nanda
- Applied Energy Division, SLAC National Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Graeme Henkelman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - John Watt
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - David Mitlin
- Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute (TMI), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1591, USA
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Ahaliabadeh Z, Miikkulainen V, Mäntymäki M, Mousavihashemi S, Lahtinen J, Lide Y, Jiang H, Mizohata K, Kankaanpää T, Kallio T. Understanding the Stabilizing Effects of Nanoscale Metal Oxide and Li-Metal Oxide Coatings on Lithium-Ion Battery Positive Electrode Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:42773-42790. [PMID: 34491036 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nickel-rich layered oxides, such as LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NMC622), are high-capacity electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, this material faces issues, such as poor durability at high cut-off voltages (>4.4 V vs Li/Li+), which mainly originate from an unstable electrode-electrolyte interface. To reduce the side reactions at the interfacial zone and increase the structural stability of the NMC622 materials, nanoscale (<5 nm) coatings of TiOx (TO) and LixTiyOz (LTO) were deposited over NMC622 composite electrodes using atomic layer deposition. It was found that these coatings provided a protective surface and also reinforced the electrode structure. Under high-voltage range (3.0-4.6 V) cycling, the coatings enhance the NMC electrochemical behavior, enabling longer cycle life and higher capacity. Cyclic voltammetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses of the coated NMC electrodes suggest that the enhanced electrochemical performance originates from reduced side reactions. In situ dilatometry analysis shows reversible volume change for NMC-LTO during the cycling. It revealed that the dilation behavior of the electrode, resulting in crack formation and consequent particle degradation, is significantly suppressed for the coated sample. The ability of the coatings to mitigate the electrode degradation mechanisms, illustrated in this report, provides insight into a method to enhance the performance of Ni-rich positive electrode materials under high-voltage ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ahaliabadeh
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science (CMAT), School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Ville Miikkulainen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science (CMAT), School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Miia Mäntymäki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seyedabolfazl Mousavihashemi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science (CMAT), School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Jouko Lahtinen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Yao Lide
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | | | | | - Tanja Kallio
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science (CMAT), School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
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Chen S, Yang X, Zhang J, Ma J, Meng Y, Tao K, Li F, Geng J. Aluminum−lithium alloy as a stable and reversible anode for lithium batteries. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Huang H, Wu C, Liu Z, Zeng X, Chen L. Non-destructive CT Method for Spatially Resolved Measurement of Elemental Content and Density of Li-B Alloys. Front Chem 2020; 8:781. [PMID: 33195022 PMCID: PMC7581893 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithium-boron (Li-B) alloys play an important role in the fields of thermal batteries and Li metal batteries, where the electrochemical performance is highly dependent on microstructure homogeneity and the Li content. In this study, computed tomography (CT) scanning has been firstly used to study the elemental content and spatial distribution of Li in a Li-B alloy. For a commercial Li-B alloy, quantitative relationships between the CT values, [Hu], and the weight percent of Li, wT−Li, and the density, ρLi−B, that is, [Hu] =13563.836.2×wT-Li-2.8-1,016.2 and [Hu] = 790.1 × ρLi−B − 1, 016.2, respectively. The experimental data were found to be in good agreement with current theory. The CT scanning method was non-destructive, and proved to be fast, highly accurate, and low-cost for the characterization of Li-B alloy ingots in terms of elemental composition, density, and uniformity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhijian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Libao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Zhang T, He W, Zhang W, Wang T, Li P, Sun Z, Yu X. Designing composite solid-state electrolytes for high performance lithium ion or lithium metal batteries. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8686-8707. [PMID: 34094187 PMCID: PMC8162172 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03121f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are capable of inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites, demonstrating great potential in next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, poor room temperature ionic conductivity and the unstable interface between SSEs and the electrode block their large-scale applications in LIBs. Composite solid-state electrolytes (CSSEs) formed by mixing different ionic conductors lead to better performance than single SSEs, especially in terms of ionic conductivity and interfacial stability. Herein, we have systematically reviewed recent developments and investigations of CSSEs including inorganic composite and organic-inorganic composite materials, in order to provide a better understanding of designing CSSEs. The comparison of different types of CSSEs relative to their parental materials is deeply discussed in the context of ionic conductivity and interfacial design. Then, the proposed ion transfer pathways and models of lithium dendrite growth in composites are outlined to inspire future development of CSSEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy-Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China
| | - Wenjie He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy-Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Tao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy-Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China
| | - Peng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy-Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China
| | - ZhengMing Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Xuebin Yu
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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Hu F, Li Y, Wei Y, Yang J, Hu P, Rao Z, Chen X, Yuan L, Li Z. Construct an Ultrathin Bismuth Buffer for Stable Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:12793-12800. [PMID: 32091867 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
LAGP (Li1.5Al0.5Ge0.5P3O12) is a promising solid-state electrolyte (SSE) for all solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASS-LIBs) with its favorable lithium ionic conductivity and good performance on inhibiting lithium dendrite. However, the ultrahigh interfacial resistance between lithium metal anode and LAGP SSEs greatly hinders its application. In this work, a thin film of metallic Bi was sputtered on LAGP to improve the chemical/physical properties of the Li/SSE interface. It is found that the Bi buffer not only inhibits the unfavorable reaction between LAGP SSEs and Li metal, but also improved their compatibility. As a result, the Li/LAGP interfacial resistance was effectively reduced from 2255.6 to 92.8 Ω cm2 at 30 °C. Furthermore, a good performance solid state full cell with a LiFePO4 cathode had been demonstrated. This work provides an effective avenue to address the interfacial challenges between Li metal and LAGP SSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Pei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Lixia Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
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Zheng T, Kramer D, Tahmasebi MH, Mönig R, Boles ST. Improvement of the Cycling Performance of Aluminum Anodes through Operando Light Microscopy and Kinetic Analysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:974-985. [PMID: 31893571 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum is an attractive anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its low cost, light weight, and high specific capacity. However, utilization of Al-based anodes is significantly limited by drastic capacity fading during cycling. Herein, a systematic study is performed to investigate the kinetics of electrochemical lithiation of Al thin films to understand the mechanisms governing the phase transformation, by using an operando light microscopy platform. Operando videos reveal that nuclei appear at random positions and expand to form quasi-circular patches that grow and merge until the phase transformation is complete. Based on this direct evidence, models of the lithiation processes in Al anodes are discussed and reaction-controlled kinetics are suggested. The growth rate of LiAl depends on the potential and increases considerably as higher overpotentials are approached. Lastly, improved cycling performance of Al-based anodes can be realized by two approaches: 1) by controlling the lithiation extent, the cycling life of Al thin film is extended from 5 cycles to 25 cycles; 2) the performance can be optimized by adjusting the kinetics. Together, this work offers a renewed promise for the commercialization of Al-based anodes in LIBs where the performance requirements are compatible with the proposed cycle life-extending strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianye Zheng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Dominik Kramer
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage (HIU), 89069, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mohammad H Tahmasebi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Reiner Mönig
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage (HIU), 89069, Ulm, Germany
| | - Steven T Boles
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Xiong X, Yan W, You C, Zhu Y, Chen Y, Fu L, Zhang Y, Yu N, Wu Y. Methods to Improve Lithium Metal Anode for Li-S Batteries. Front Chem 2019; 7:827. [PMID: 31921761 PMCID: PMC6914760 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery has received a lot of attention because it is characterized by high theoretical energy density (2,600 Wh/kg) and low cost. Though many works on the “shuttle effect” of polysulfide have been investigated, lithium metal anode is a more challenging problem, which leads to a short life, low coulombic efficiency, and safety issues related to dendrites. As a result, the amelioration of lithium metal anode is an important means to improve the performance of lithium sulfur battery. In this paper, improvement methods on lithium metal anode for lithium sulfur batteries, including adding electrolyte additives, using solid, and/or gel polymer electrolyte, modifying separators, applying a protective coating, and providing host materials for lithium deposition, are mainly reviewed. In addition, some challenging problems, and further promising directions are also pointed out for future research and development of lithium metal for Li-S batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenqi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaolin You
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yusong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nengfei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
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Xu Y, Wang L, Jia W, Yu Y, Zhang R, Li T, Fu X, Niu X, Li J, Kang Y. Three-dimensional carbon material as stable host for dendrite-free lithium metal anodes. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.01.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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