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Wang L, Yu Z, Zhong Y, Wen Z, Tang Y, Hong G. Controllable and Homogeneous Lithium Electrodeposition via Lithiophilic Anchor Points. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:5977-5985. [PMID: 35736130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrollable growth of lithium (Li) dendrites and low Coulombic efficiency induce security hazards and a short cycling lifespan of Li metal batteries. In this study, well-aligned ZnO nanorods on a periodic three-dimensional (3D) copper mesh (CM) are modified as lithiophilic anchor points to regulate the electrodeposition behavior of Li metal anodes. The in situ generated LiZn/Li2O arrays can efficiently guide the homogeneous Li electrodeposition along the nanorods. The porous structure of CM provides void space for the well-controlled lateral growth of Li starting from nanorod arrays. Moreover, the high surface area generated by both CM and the ZnO nanorods favors the charge transfer with low local current densities along the anode. Compared with bare Li anodes, Li-ZnO@CM anodes exhibited prolonged cycling stability for symmetric cells and superior capacity retention within Li/LiFePO4 full cells, demonstrating the effective design principles of ZnO@CM for stabilizing Li metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litong Wang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Zhenjiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250000, China
| | - Yunlei Zhong
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhaorui Wen
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yuxin Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Guo Hong
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
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Hyun G, Cao S, Ham Y, Youn DY, Kim ID, Chen X, Jeon S. Three-Dimensional, Submicron Porous Electrode with a Density Gradient to Enhance Charge Carrier Transport. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9762-9771. [PMID: 35687870 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rapid charging capability is a requisite feature of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). To overcome the capacity degradation from a steep Li-ion concentration gradient during the fast reaction, electrodes with tailored transport kinetics have been explored by managing the geometries. However, the traditional electrode fabrication process has great challenges in precisely controlling and implementing the desired pore networks and configuration of electrode materials. Herein, we demonstrate a density-graded composite electrode that arises from a three-dimensional current collector in which the porosity gradually decreases to 53.8% along the depth direction. The density-graded electrode effectively reduces energy loss at high charging rates by mitigating polarization. This electrode shows an outstanding capacity of 94.2 mAh g-1 at a fast current density of 59.7 C (20 A g-1), which is much higher than that of an electrode with a nearly constant density gradient (38.0 mAh g-1). Through these in-depth studies on the pore networks and their transport kinetics, we describe the design principle of rational electrode geometries for ultrafast charging LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayea Hyun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Shengkai Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Youngjin Ham
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Young Youn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for NanoCentury (KINC), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Seokwoo Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for NanoCentury (KINC), KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Wang H, Ning D, Wang L, Li H, Li Q, Ge M, Zou J, Chen S, Shao H, Lai Y, Zhang Y, Xing G, Pang WK, Tang Y. In Operando Neutron Scattering Multiple-Scale Studies of Lithium-Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107491. [PMID: 35195340 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Real-time observation of the electrochemical mechanistic behavior at various scales offers new insightful information to improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). As complementary to the X-ray-based techniques and electron microscopy-based methodologies, neutron scattering provides additional and unique advantages in materials research, owing to the different interactions with atomic nuclei. The non-Z-dependent elemental contrast, in addition to the high penetration ability and weak interaction with matters, makes neutron scattering an advanced probing tool for the in operando mechanistic studies of LIBs. The neutron-based techniques, such as neutron powder diffraction, small-angle neutron scattering, neutron reflectometry, and neutron imaging, have their distinct functionalities and characteristics regimes. These result in their scopes of application distributed in different battery components and covering the full spectrum of all aspects of LIBs. The review surveys the state-of-the-art developments of real-time investigation of the dynamic evolutions of electrochemically active compounds at various scales using neutron techniques. The atomic-scale, the mesoscopic-scale, and at the macroscopic-scale within LIBs during electrochemical functioning provide insightful information to battery researchers. The authors envision that this review will popularize the applications of neutron-based techniques in LIB studies and furnish important inspirations to battery researchers for the rational design of the new generation of LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibo Wang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - De Ning
- Center for Photonics Information and Energy Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Litong Wang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Heng Li
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Qingyuan Li
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Mingzheng Ge
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Junyan Zou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Shi Chen
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Huaiyu Shao
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Yuekun Lai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Wei Kong Pang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| | - Yuxin Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Chemical Engineering of China, Quanzhou, 362801, P. R. China
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Wei R, Xu R, Zhang K, Liang F, Yao Y. Biological enzyme treatment of starch-based lithium-ion battery silicon-carbon composite. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:045605. [PMID: 33155575 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abc114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Silicon/carbon composites have the disadvantages of large volume expansion and high cost, which limits their commercial application. In this study, green and economic starch was used to prepare porous starch (PS) under the action of enzymes, and then nano-silica was embedded in the PS. A PS based carbon/silicon/carbon composite was prepared by coating and carbonizing the starch slurry, which can alleviate the volume expansion of silicon. The results show that the anode composite material with 20% silicon content has a high initial capacity of 869 mAh g-1 and an initial Coulombic efficiency of 66% at 0.2 A g-1, and the specific capacity is maintained 450 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles. When the silicon content reaches 30%, the reversible capacity of the composite is 1490 mAh g-1 at a current density of 0.2 A g-1, and the capacity remains 850 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles. Its excellent properties and stability are attributed to the abundant porosity of the carbon in the starch derived layer, which improves the structural stability and electrochemical kinetics. This method provides a reference for the sustainable and environmental protection of lithium-ion battery anode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhong Wei
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Lithium Ion Battery and Material Preparation Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yun-Nan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruhui Xu
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Lithium Ion Battery and Material Preparation Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yun-Nan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyu Zhang
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Lithium Ion Battery and Material Preparation Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yun-Nan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liang
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Lithium Ion Battery and Material Preparation Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yun-Nan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaochun Yao
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Lithium Ion Battery and Material Preparation Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yun-Nan Province, People's Republic of China
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Costantino F, Armirotti A, Carzino R, Gavioli L, Athanassiou A, Fragouli D. In situ formation of SnO2 nanoparticles on cellulose acetate fibrous membranes for the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Bhushan M, Jha R, Sharma R, Bhardwaj R. Ethylenediamine-assisted growth of multi-dimensional ZnS nanostructures and study of its charge transfer mechanism on supercapacitor electrode and photocatalytic performance. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:235602. [PMID: 32053814 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab7604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, much interest has been raised by materials with multi-purpose characteristics as the performance of electrochemical energy devices such as supercapacitors and photocatalytic activities depend strongly on the properties of materials. This study delineates various parameters like morphology, energy band gap, charge transfer resistance, different defect states, diffusion coefficient and functional groups adsorbed on the surface of material to assess the performance of supercapacitor electrodes and photocatalytic degradation efficiency of synthesised multi-dimensional ZnS nanostructures. Ethylenediamine (EN)-mediated multi-dimensional ZnS nanostructures were grown by the solvothermal route. One-dimensional (1D), 2D and 3D morphologies were obtained by varying the ratio of de-ionised water and EN, taken as 1:3, 1:2 and 1:1, respectively. The EN molecules effectively capped most of the surfaces of the ZnS nanoparticles formed, preventing agglomeration of nanoparticles due to the decrement in surface energy. The oriented attachment of these clusters resulted in the formation of 1D, 2D and 3D morphologies. The plausible chemistry in the formation of 1D, 2D and 3D nanostructures has been elaborated. Charge transfer properties of prepared electrodes have been examined using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique because better charge transfer causes diminishing electron/hole recombination and hence better photodegradation efficiency. Among the synthesised materials, the 2D nanostructure degraded the eosin Y dye to maximum 90.71% efficiency with rate constant 34 × 10-3 min-1. 2D nanostructures possess better charge transfer and hence better photodegradation efficiency. Various studies using methods of UV-vis, Fourier-transform infrared, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectra are in good agreement with the obtained photodegradation results. After analysing cyclic voltammetry curves and EIS, a higher diffusion coefficient is obtained for 1D nanostructure material, hence a higher specific capacitance and higher energy density of 159.12 F g-1 and 22.75 KWh kg-1 are found in this case. Only 9% loss of specific capacitance is found after 1000 cycles, showing a relatively high cycling stability in 3D nanostructures. The excellent supercapacitive property can be attributed to the porous structure and high specific surface area. Thus, the synthesised multi-dimensional ZnS nanostructures are proved to be a potential candidate for both photocatalytic and supercapacitor electrode performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medha Bhushan
- Research Lab for Energy Systems, Department of Physics, N.S.I.T., University of Delhi, Azad Hind Fauj Marg, Sector-3, Dwarka, New Delhi-110078, India
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Hierarchically porous Au nanostructures with interconnected channels for efficient mass transport in electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:5680-5685. [PMID: 32132207 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1918837117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction is a promising way to provide renewable energy from gaseous CO2 The development of nanostructures improves energy efficiency and selectivity for value-added chemicals, but complex nanostructures limit the CO2 conversion rates due to poor mass transport during vigorous electrolysis. Herein, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) hierarchically porous Au comprising interconnected macroporous channels (200-300 nm) and nanopores (∼10 nm) fabricated via proximity-field nanopatterning. The interconnected macropores and nanopores enable efficient mass transport and large active areas, respectively. The roles of each pore network are investigated using reliable 3D nanostructures possessing controlled pore distribution and size. The hierarchical nanostructured electrodes show a high CO selectivity of 85.8% at a low overpotential of 0.264 V and efficient mass activity that is maximum 3.96 times higher than that of dealloyed nanoporous Au. Hence, the systematic model study shows the proposed hierarchical nanostructures have important value in increasing the efficiency of expensive Au.
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Lee K, Yoon H, Ahn C, Park J, Jeon S. Strategies to improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2: 3D nanostructuring and heterostructuring with graphitic carbon nanomaterials. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:7025-7040. [PMID: 30920558 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01260e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
TiO2-based photocatalysis has been considered to be one of the most promising avenues for environmental remediation including water purification. However, several technical issues such as the limited surface area of bulk TiO2, the large band gap of TiO2, and rapid charge recombination still limit the practical application of TiO2 photocatalysts. Therefore, here we focus on two structural design strategies: (i) monolithic three-dimensional (3D) nanostructuring, and (ii) heterostructuring with graphitic carbon nanomaterials. A monolithic 3D nanostructure enables maximal surface area in a given volume and efficient reuse of the photocatalyst without recollection. Heterostructuring with carbon nanomaterials helps achieve maximal utilization of the solar spectrum and charge separation and provides efficient TiO2 photocatalysts. In this review, recent progress on TiO2 photocatalysts toward the abovementioned strategies will be summarized. Further discussion and direction will provide insights into the rational design of highly efficient TiO2 photocatalysts, and help develop advanced photocatalyst models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, Advanced Battery Center, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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