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Zhang D, Gong H, Liu T, Yu J, Kuang P. Engineering antibonding orbital occupancy of NiMoO 4-supported Ru nanoparticles for enhanced chlorine evolution reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 672:423-430. [PMID: 38850867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is crucial for industrial-scale production of high-purity Cl2. Despite the development of classical dimensionally stable anodes to enhance CER efficiency, the competitive oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains a barrier to achieving high Cl2 selectivity. Herein, a binder-free electrode, Ru nanoparticles (NPs)-decorated NiMoO4 nanorod arrays (NRAs) supported on Ti foam (Ru-NiMoO4/Ti), was designed for active CER in saturated NaCl solution (pH = 2). The Ru-NiMoO4/Ti electrode exhibits a low overpotential of 20 mV at 10 mA cm-2 current density, a high Cl2 selectivity exceeding 90%, and robust durability for 90h operation. The marked difference in Tafel slopes between CER and OER indicates the high Cl2 selectivity and superior reaction kinetics of Ru-NiMoO4/Ti electrode. Further studies reveal a strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) between Ru and NiMoO4, facilitating electron transfer through the Ru-O bridge bond and increasing the Ru 3d-Cl 2p antibonding orbital occupancy, which eventually results in weakened Ru-Cl bonding, promoted Cl desorption, and enhanced Cl2 evolution. Our findings provide new insights into developing electrodes with enhanced CER performance through antibonding orbital occupancy engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianzhi Zhang
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Haiming Gong
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Jiaguo Yu
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Panyong Kuang
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China.
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2
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Zhang D, Xie F, Gong H, Liu T, Kuang P, Yu J. Enhancing Ru-Cl interaction via orbital hybridization effect in Ru 0.4Sn 0.3Ti 0.3 electrode for efficient chlorine evolution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 658:127-136. [PMID: 38100969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is a commercially valuable electrochemical reaction used at an industrial scale. However, oxygen evolution reaction (OER) during the electrolysis process inevitably leads to the decreased efficiency of CER. It is necessary to improve the selectivity of CER by minimizing or even eliminating the occurrence of OER. Herein, a ternary metal oxide (Ru0.4Sn0.3Ti0.3) electrode was fabricated and employed as an active and robust anode for CER. The Ru0.4Sn0.3Ti0.3 electrode exhibits an excellent CER performance in 6.0 M NaCl solution, with a low potential of 1.17 V (vs. saturated calomel electrode, SCE) at 200 mA cm-2 current density, a high Cl2 selectivity of over 90 %, and robust durability after consecutive operation for 160 h under 100 mA cm-2. The maximum O2-Cl2 potential difference between OER and CER further demonstrates the high Cl2 selectivity of Ru0.4Sn0.3Ti0.3 electrode. Theoretical studies show that the strong Ru 3d-Ti 3d orbitals hybridization effect makes the d-band center (εd) of Ru 3d and Ti 3d orbitals positively and negatively shifted, respectively, endowing Ru site with enhanced Cl adsorption ability (i.e. enhanced Ru-Cl interaction) and Ru0.4Sn0.3Ti0.3 electrode with superior CER activity. This work offers valuable insights into the development of advanced electrodes for CER in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianzhi Zhang
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Haiming Gong
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Panyong Kuang
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China.
| | - Jiaguo Yu
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China.
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3
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Sukhadeve GK, Gedam RS. Visible light assisted photocatalytic degradation of mixture of reactive ternary dye solution by Zn-Fe co-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:139990. [PMID: 37648162 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The current study deals with the synthesis of novel Zn, and Fe co-doped TiO2 photocatalyst by the sol-gel method at room temperature. The prepared photocatalysts are characterized by several standard analytical tools. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analysis verifies the tetragonal anatase phase of TiO2 in all synthesized nanoparticles. The morphology and chemical composition of ZFT_2.5 were confirmed using the Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements verify the binding energies of a host and dopant material. The High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) reveals the presence of spherical nanoparticles in ZFT_2.5 photocatalyst with a diameter ranging from 8 to 20 nm. The absorption spectra of the prepared nanoparticles exhibit strong absorption in visible light. The synergistic effect created by Zn and Fe blocked the light induced charge carriers and delayed the recombination probability. The photocatalyst ZFT_2.5 was tested for photocatalytic degradation against the mixture of the three cationic dyes [rhodamine B (RhB), malachite green (MG), and methylene blue (MB)] under exposure of visible light. Total organic carbon (TOC) study was performed to evaluate the organic character of the photodegradate dye solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Sukhadeve
- Department of Physics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, 440010, India
| | - R S Gedam
- Department of Physics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, 440010, India.
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4
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Raj G, Nandan R, Kumar K, Gorle DB, Mallya AB, Osman SM, Na J, Yamauchi Y, Nanda KK. High entropy alloying strategy for accomplishing quintuple-nanoparticles grafted carbon towards exceptional high-performance overall seawater splitting. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:5032-5044. [PMID: 37649459 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00453h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
High entropy alloys (HEAs), a novel class of material, have been explored in terms of their excellent mechanical properties. Seawater electrolysis is a step towards sustainable production of carbon-neutral fuels such as H2, O2, and industrially demanding Cl2. Herein, we report a practically viable FeCoNiMnCr HEA nanoparticles system grafted on a conductive carbon matrix for promising seawater electrolysis. The comprehensive kinetics analysis of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and chlorine evolution reaction (CER) confirms the effectiveness of our system. As an electrocatalyst, HEAs grafted on carbon black show trifunctionality with promising kinetics, selectivity and enduring performance, towards seawater splitting. We optimize high entropy alloy decorated/grafted carbon black (HEACB) catalysts, studying their synthesis temperature to scrutinize the effect of alloy formation variation on the catalysis efficacy. During the catalysis, selectivity between two mutually competing reactions, CER and OER, in the electrochemical catalysis of seawater is controlled by the reaction media pH. We employ Mott-Schottky measurements to probe the band structure of the intrinsically induced metal-semiconductor junction in the HEACB catalyst, where the carrier density and flat band potential are optimized. The HEACB sample provides promising results towards overall seawater electrolysis with a net half-cell potential of about 1.65 V with good stability, which strongly implies its broad practical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Raj
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, Karnataka, India.
| | - Ravi Nandan
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, Karnataka, India.
| | - Kanhai Kumar
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, Karnataka, India.
| | - Demudu Babu Gorle
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, Karnataka, India.
| | - Ambresh B Mallya
- Micro Nano Characterization Facility, Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Sameh M Osman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jongbeom Na
- Materials Architecturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Karuna Kar Nanda
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, Karnataka, India.
- Institute of Physics (IOP), Bhubaneshwar-751005, India
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5
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Jayan R, Islam MM. Understanding Catalytic Mechanisms and Cathode Interface Kinetics in Nonaqueous Mg-CO 2 Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45895-45904. [PMID: 37733269 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
We leverage first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations to understand the electrocatalytic processes in Mg-CO2 batteries, considering ruthenium oxide (RuO2) as an archetypical cathode catalyst. Our goal is to establish a mechanistic framework for understanding the charging and discharging reaction pathways and their influence on overpotentials. On the RuO2 (211) surface, we found reaction initiation through thermodynamically favorable adsorption of Mg followed by interactions with CO2. However, we found that the formation of carbonate (CO32-) and oxalate (C2O42-) intermediates via the activation of CO2 at the catalytic site is thermodynamically unfavorable. We predict that MgC2O4 will form as the discharge product due to its lower overpotential compared to MgCO3. However, MgC2O4 is thermodynamically unstable and is expected to decompose into MgCO3, MgO, and C as final discharge products. Through Bader charge analysis, we investigate the covalent interactions between intermediates and catalyst sites. Moreover, we study the electrochemical free energy profiles of the most favorable reaction pathways and determine discharge and charge overpotentials of 1.30 and 1.35 V, respectively. Our results underscore the importance of catalyst design for the cathode material to overcome performance limitations in nonaqueous Mg-CO2 batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Jayan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Md Mahbubul Islam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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6
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Choi S, Choi WI, Lee JS, Lee CH, Balamurugan M, Schwarz AD, Choi ZS, Randriamahazaka H, Nam KT. A Reflection on Sustainable Anode Materials for Electrochemical Chloride Oxidation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300429. [PMID: 36897816 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chloride oxidation is a key industrial electrochemical process in chlorine-based chemical production and water treatment. Over the past few decades, dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) consisting of RuO2 - and IrO2 -based mixed-metal oxides have been successfully commercialized in the electrochemical chloride oxidation industry. For a sustainable supply of anode materials, considerable efforts both from the scientific and industrial aspects for developing earth-abundant-metal-based electrocatalysts have been made. This review first describes the history of commercial DSA fabrication and strategies to improve their efficiency and stability. Important features related to the electrocatalytic performance for chloride oxidation and reaction mechanism are then summarized. From the perspective of sustainability, recent progress in the design and fabrication of noble-metal-free anode materials, as well as methods for evaluating the industrialization of novel electrocatalysts, are highlighted. Finally, future directions for developing highly efficient and stable electrocatalysts for industrial chloride oxidation are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwoo Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Soft Foundry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Won Il Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jun-Seo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Mani Balamurugan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Andrew D Schwarz
- Milton Hill Business and Technology Centre, Infineum, Abingdon, OX13 6BB, UK
| | - Zung Sun Choi
- Infineum Singapore LLP, Singapore, 098632, Singapore
| | | | - Ki Tae Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Soft Foundry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
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7
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Fan X, Zhao D, Deng Z, Zhang L, Li J, Li Z, Sun S, Luo Y, Zheng D, Wang Y, Ying B, Zhang J, Alshehri AA, Lin Y, Tang C, Sun X, Zheng Y. Constructing Co@TiO 2 Nanoarray Heterostructure with Schottky Contact for Selective Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2208036. [PMID: 36717274 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202208036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical nitrate (NO3 - ) reduction reaction (NO3 - RR) is a potential sustainable route for large-scale ambient ammonia (NH3 ) synthesis and regulating the nitrogen cycle. However, as this reaction involves multi-electron transfer steps, it urgently needs efficient electrocatalysts on promoting NH3 selectivity. Herein, a rational design of Co nanoparticles anchored on TiO2 nanobelt array on titanium plate (Co@TiO2 /TP) is presented as a high-efficiency electrocatalyst for NO3 - RR. Density theory calculations demonstrate that the constructed Schottky heterostructures coupling metallic Co with semiconductor TiO2 develop a built-in electric field, which can accelerate the rate determining step and facilitate NO3 - adsorption, ensuring the selective conversion to NH3 . Expectantly, the Co@TiO2 /TP electrocatalyst attains an excellent Faradaic efficiency of 96.7% and a high NH3 yield of 800.0 µmol h-1 cm-2 under neutral solution. More importantly, Co@TiO2 /TP heterostructure catalyst also presents a remarkable stability in 50-h electrolysis test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Fan
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Donglin Zhao
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Zhiqin Deng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Longcheng Zhang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Jun Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Zerong Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Shengjun Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Yongsong Luo
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Dongdong Zheng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Abdulmohsen Ali Alshehri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuxiao Lin
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Chengwu Tang
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Xuping Sun
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Yinyuan Zheng
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First People's Hospital affiliated to Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
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8
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Cheng W, Liu Y, Wu L, Chen R, Wang J, Chang S, Ma F, Li Y, Ni H. RuO2/IrO2 nanoparticles decorated TiO2 nanotube arrays for improved activity towards chlorine evolution reaction. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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9
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Ren F, Zhang Z, Liang Z, Shen Q, Luan Y, Xing R, Fei Z, Du Y. Synthesis of PtRu alloy nanofireworks as effective catalysts toward glycerol electro-oxidation in alkaline media. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 608:800-808. [PMID: 34785457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Electro-oxidation of glycerol is a key anodic reaction in direct alcohol fuel cell (DAFCs). Exploring the cost-effective nanocatalysts for glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) is very important for the development of DAFC, but it is still challenging. In this paper, nanofirework-like PtRu alloy catalyst was successfully synthesized and used for GOR in alkaline medium. Thanks to the unique nanofirework-like structure and synergetic effects, the activity and stability of the as-prepared PtRu alloy nanofireworks (NFs) toward GOR were significantly improved relative to Pt NFs. In particular, the peak current density of GOR catalyzed by the optimized Pt1Ru3 NFs catalyst reached 2412.0 mA mg-1, surpassing that of commercial Pt/C catalyst. This work has important guidance for the design of advanced anode electrocatalysts for fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Ren
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Zhiqing Zhang
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Zhengyun Liang
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Qian Shen
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Yuqian Luan
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Rong Xing
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China.
| | - Zhenghao Fei
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China.
| | - Yukou Du
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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10
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Zhou Q, Zhou X, Zheng R, Liu Z, Wang J. Application of lead oxide electrodes in wastewater treatment: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150088. [PMID: 34563906 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical oxidation (EO) based on hydroxyl radicals (·OH) generated on lead dioxide has become a typical advanced oxidation process (AOP). Titanium-based lead dioxide electrodes (PbO2/Ti) play an increasingly important role in EO. To further improve the efficiency, the structure and properties of the lead dioxide active surface layer can be modified by doping transition metals, rare earth metals, nonmetals, etc. Here, we compare the common preparation methods of lead dioxide. The EO performance of lead dioxide in wastewater containing dyes, pesticides, drugs, landfill leachate, coal, petrochemicals, etc., is discussed along with their suitable operating conditions. Finally, the factors influencing the contaminant removal kinetics on lead dioxide are systematically analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Xule Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Ruihao Zheng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Zifeng Liu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Jiade Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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11
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Zhang S, Xi J, Wu J, Wang P, Lin F, Zhang D. Design of an efficient antifouling strategy for underwater optical window based on chlorine generation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Xie X, Chang L, Chen B, Li J, Huang H, Guo Z, He Y. Effects of coating precursor states on performance of titanium-based metal oxide coating anode for Mn electrowinning. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Zhao Z, Liu L, Min L, Zhang W, Wang Y. A Facile Method to Realize Oxygen Reduction at the Hydrogen Evolution Cathode of an Electrolytic Cell for Energy-Efficient Electrooxidation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112841. [PMID: 34073284 PMCID: PMC8198103 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical oxidation, widely used in green production and pollution abatement, is often accompanied by the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which results in a high consumption of electricity and is a potential explosion hazard. To solve this problem, we report here a method for converting the original HER cathode into one that enables the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) without having to build new electrolysis cells or be concerned about electrolyte leakage from the O2 gas electrode. The viability of this method is demonstrated using the electrolytic production of ammonium persulfate (APS) as an example. The original carbon black electrode for the HER is converted to an ORR electrode by first undergoing in situ anodization and then contacting O2 or air bubbled from the bottom of the electrode. With this sole change, APS production can achieve an electric energy saving of up to 20.3%. Considering the ease and low cost of this modification, such significant electricity savings make this method very promising in the upgrade of electrochemical oxidation processes, with wide potential applications.
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14
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Hu J, Xu H, Feng X, Lei L, He Y, Zhang X. Neodymium‐Doped IrO
2
Electrocatalysts Supported on Titanium Plates for Enhanced Chlorine Evolution Reaction Performance. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University 310027 Hangzhou
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou 324000 Quzhou
| | - Haoran Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Efficiency and Pollution Control Technology for Thermal Power Generation 311121 Hangzhou
- Zhejiang Energy Group R&D Co., Ltd. 310003 Hangzhou
| | - Xiangdong Feng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Efficiency and Pollution Control Technology for Thermal Power Generation 311121 Hangzhou
- Zhejiang Energy Group R&D Co., Ltd. 310003 Hangzhou
| | - Lecheng Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University 310027 Hangzhou
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou 324000 Quzhou
| | - Yi He
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University 310027 Hangzhou
| | - Xingwang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University 310027 Hangzhou
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou 324000 Quzhou
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15
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Lee T, Lee W, Kim S, Lee C, Cho K, Kim C, Yoon J. High chlorine evolution performance of electrochemically reduced TiO 2 nanotube array coated with a thin RuO 2 layer by the self-synthetic method. RSC Adv 2021; 11:12107-12116. [PMID: 35423728 PMCID: PMC8696594 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09623g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, reduced TiO2 nanotube arrays via electrochemical self-doping (r-TiO2) are emerging as a good alternative to conventional dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) due to their comparable performance and low-cost. However, compared with conventional DSAs, they suffer from poor stability, low current efficiency, and high energy consumption. Therefore, this study aims to advance the electrochemical performances in the chlorine evolution of r-TiO2 with a thin RuO2 layer coating on the nanotube structure (RuO2@r-TiO2). The RuO2 thin layer was successfully coated on the surface of r-TiO2. This was accomplished with a self-synthesized layer of ruthenium precursor originating from a spontaneous redox reaction between Ti3+ and metal ions on the r-TiO2 surface and thermal treatment. The thickness of the thin RuO2 layer was approximately 30 nm on the nanotube surface of RuO2@r-TiO2 without severe pore blocking. In chlorine production, RuO2@r-TiO2 exhibited higher current efficiency (∼81.0%) and lower energy consumption (∼3.0 W h g-1) than the r-TiO2 (current efficiency of ∼64.7% of and energy consumption of ∼5.2 W h g-1). In addition, the stability (ca. 22 h) was around 20-fold enhancement in RuO2@r-TiO2 compared with r-TiO2 (ca. 1.2 h). The results suggest a new route to provide a thin layer coating on r-TiO2 and to synthesize a high performance oxidant-generating anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teayoung Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes (ICP), Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Woonghee Lee
- Division of Environmental Science & Engineering, POSTECH 77 Chungam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Seongsoo Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes (ICP), Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Changha Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes (ICP), Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Kangwoo Cho
- Division of Environmental Science & Engineering, POSTECH 77 Chungam-ro, Nam-gu Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Choonsoo Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Energy/Environment Convergence Technologies, Kongju National University 1223-24, Cheonan-daero Cheonan-si 31080 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeyong Yoon
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes (ICP), Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Korea Environment Institute 370 Sicheong-daero Sejong-si 30147 Republic of Korea
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Shih YJ, Huang SH, Chen CL, Dong CD, Huang CP. Electrolytic characteristics of ammonia oxidation in real aquaculture water using nano-textured mono-and bimetal oxide catalysts supported on graphite electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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