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Nidheesh PV, Mousset E, Thiam A. Recent advancements in peroxicoagulation process: An updated review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139627. [PMID: 37487987 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The present article describes the recent advancements (since 2018) in peroxicoagulation (PC) process, which was introduced by Professor Enric Brillas and his group in 1997. Instead of checking the efficiency of PC process to degrade a targeted pollutant in synthetic wastewater, researchers started testing its efficacy for the treatment of complex real wastewater. Applications like disinfection and removal of heavy metals as well as oxidative removal of arsenite from water were tested recently. To improve the efficiency of PC process, modifications were made for electrode materials (both anode and cathode) and electrolytic cells. Performance of PC process in combination with other treatment technologies is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Nidheesh
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability Division, CSIR - National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | | | - Abdoulaye Thiam
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a La Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PIDi), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile.
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Ma Y, Zhao E, Xia G, Zhan J, Yu G, Wang Y. Effects of water constituents on the stability of gas diffusion electrode during electrochemical hydrogen peroxide production for water and wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 229:119503. [PMID: 36549188 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemically producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with natural air diffusion electrode (NADE) is an attractive way to supply H2O2 for decentralized water treatment. In this study, the stability of NADE during H2O2 electroproduction in varying water matrices were evaluated, including synthetic electrolyte solutions (0.05 M Na2SO4) with or without calcium ions (Ca2+, 200 mg/L) and/or humic acid (HA, 40 mg/L), as well as a selected municipal wastewater (92.7 mg/L Ca2+, 3.6 mg/L Mg2+, and 23.9 mg/L total organic carbon). The results show that NADEs maintained a good stability during H2O2 electroproduction in Na2SO4 solutions regardless of the presence of HA. However, Ca2+ (and Mg2+) could form significant amounts of mineral precipitates on the surface and in the internal pores of NADEs during H2O2 electroproduction. These mineral precipitates can negatively influence H2O2 production by impeding the oxygen, electron, and proton transfer processes involved in ORR to H2O2. Moreover, the mineral precipitates shifted the NADEs from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, which may promote H2O2 reduction to H2O at the NADEs. Consequently, the apparent current efficiencies of H2O2 production decreased substantially from initially ∼90% to 50%-70% as the NADEs were continuously used for 60 h in the Ca-containing solutions and selected wastewater. These results indicate that water constituents that are commonly present in real water matrices, especially Ca2+, can cause serious deterioration of NADE stability during H2O2 electroproduction. Therefore, proper strategies are needed to mitigate electrode fouling during H2O2 electroproduction with NADEs in practical water and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshuang Ma
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Erzhuo Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangsen Xia
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Juhong Zhan
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Gang Yu
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yujue Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Rao T, Ma X, Yang Q, Cheng S, Ren G, Wu Z, Sirés I. Upgrading the peroxi-coagulation treatment of complex water matrices using a magnetically assembled mZVI/DSA anode: Insights into the importance of ClO radical. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134948. [PMID: 35577130 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical technologies for water treatment have flourished over the last decades. However, it is still challenging to treat the actual complex water effluents by a single electrochemical process, often requiring coupling of technologies. In this study, an upgraded peroxi-coagulation (PC) process with a magnetically assembled mZVI/DSA anode has been devised for the first time. COD, NH3-N and total phosphorous were simultaneously and effectively removed from livestock wastewater. The advantages, influence of key parameters and evolution of electrogenerated species were systematically investigated to fully understand this novel PC process. The fluorescent substances in livestock wastewater could also be almost removed under optimal conditions (300 mA, 0.2 g ZVI particles and pH 6.8). The interaction between OH and active chlorine yielded ClO with a high steady-state concentration of 6.85 × 10-13 M, which did not cause COD removal but accelerated the oxidation of NH3-N. The Mulliken population suggested that OH and NH3-N had similar electron-donor behavior, whereas ClO acted as an electron-withdrawing species. Besides, although the energy barrier for the reaction between OH and NH3-N (17.0 kcal/mol) was lower than that with ClO (18.8 kcal/mol), considering the tunneling in the H abstraction reaction, the Skodje-Truhlar method adopted for calculations evidenced a 17-fold faster NH3-N oxidation rate with ClO. In summary, this work describes an advantageous single electrochemical process for the effective treatment of a complex water matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantong Rao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Qiusheng Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Siyu Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Gengbo Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
| | - Zhineng Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Ignasi Sirés
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí I Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Zhao M, Ma X, Li R, Mei J, Rao T, Ren G, Guo H, Wu Z. In-situ slow production of Fe2+ to motivate electro-Fenton oxidation of bisphenol A in a flow through dual-anode reactor using current distribution strategy: Advantages, CFD and toxicity assessment. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Wang G, Yao Y, Tang K, Wang G, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Rasmus Andersen H. Cost-efficient microbial electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide on a facile-prepared floating electrode by entrapping oxygen. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:125995. [PMID: 34571331 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microbial electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide is receiving growing interest for a green substitute for anthraquinone process.However, poor oxygen transmission of electrode remains an obstacle to enhance H2O2 production rate without aeration. Here, a superhydrophobic natural air diffusion floating electrode (NADFE), which naturally and efficiently entraps O2 in the air, was proposed for the first time to improve microbial electrosynthesis of H2O2. Furthermore, a one-step calcined electrode preparation method was developed to reduce energy consumption further. In the microbial electrolysis cell with the NADFE, a high H2O2 production rate of 39 mg/L/h and current efficiency of 86% were achieved without aeration. The production rate of H2O2 was 2.2 times that of a gas diffusion electrode. Importantly, the energy consumption was 34.3 times lower than an electrochemical system. Therefore, the high H2O2 production rate and current efficiency, and low energy consumption of the process provide a superior alternative for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yuechao Yao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Guochen Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Henrik Rasmus Andersen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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