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Wang Y, Wang J, Li H, Gao Q, Zhu M, Su T, Wang Y, Cheng X, Cheng T. Steady Output Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Hybrid Generator with Variable Drag Turbine Blades for Natural Wind Energy Harvesting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:39287-39294. [PMID: 39026183 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid generator (TEHG) has been widely studied. However, the problems of unsteady output and high starting wind speed of traditional TEHG in the wind energy environment have not been effectively solved. This work introduces an innovative solution in the form of a steady output triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid generator (SO-TEHG) with variable drag turbine blades. The SO-TEHG integrates the energy management circuit to output steady electric energy under random wind conditions. In addition, the integration of variable drag turbine blades with the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) reduces the wind speed threshold required for SO-TEHG activation. In comparison to the traditional turbine blades, which necessitate a minimum wind speed of 3 m/s, the SO-TEHG's innovative design allows it to commence power generation at a lower 2 m/s wind speed, producing an additional output of 50 V. This enhanced starting capability in mild breezes positions the SO-TEHG as an ideal power source for applications. In practical farmland settings, experimental results conclusively demonstrate the SO-TEHG's ability to successfully activate soil hygrothermographs and hydrogen sensors. As a steady power source driven by gentle winds, the SO-TEHG holds tremendous promise for advancing smart agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Blue Energy, Knowledge City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510555, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hengyu Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingkang Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Tenghong Su
- The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yingting Wang
- The Institute of Precision Machinery and Smart Structure, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xiaojun Cheng
- Guangzhou Institute of Blue Energy, Knowledge City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510555, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Tinghai Cheng
- Guangzhou Institute of Blue Energy, Knowledge City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510555, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Liu W, Wang X, Yang L, Wang Y, Xu H, Sun Y, Nan Y, Sun C, Zhou H, Huang Y. Swing Origami-Structure-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Harvesting Blue Energy toward Marine Environmental Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401578. [PMID: 38602433 PMCID: PMC11187886 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The appearance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) provides a promising energy technology for harvesting abundant water wave energy. Here, the design and fabrication of a swinging origami-structured TENG (SO-TENG) tailored specifically for water wave energy harvesting are presented. The design incorporates an oscillating structure weighted at the bottom, inducing reciprocating motion propelled by the inertia of passing water waves. This reciprocating motion efficiently converts mechanical into electrical energy through the origami structure. By employing origami as the monomer structure, the surface contact area between friction layers is enhanced, thereby optimizing output performance. the swinging structure, combined with the placement of heavy objects, enhances the folding and contact of the origami, allowing it to operate effectively in low-frequency water wave environments. This configuration exhibits robust power generation capabilities, making it suitable for powering small electronic devices in water wave environments. Furthermore, when applied to metal corrosion protection, the SO-TENG demonstrates notable efficacy. Compared to exposed Q235 carbon steel, Q235 carbon steel protected by SO-TENG exhibits a significant reduction in open-circuit potential drop, approximately 155 mV, indicative of superior anti-corrosion properties. It lays a solid foundation for water wave energy collection and self-powered metal corrosion protection in marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine MaterialsInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China
- Institute of Marine Corrosion ProtectionGuangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental ScienceGuangxi Academy of SciencesNanning530007China
- School of Mechanical and Automotive EngineeringQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266525China
| | - Xiutong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine MaterialsInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Lihui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine MaterialsInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China
| | - Youqiang Wang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive EngineeringQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266525China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine MaterialsInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine MaterialsInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China
| | - Youbo Nan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine MaterialsInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China
- Institute of Marine Corrosion ProtectionGuangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental ScienceGuangxi Academy of SciencesNanning530007China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Congtao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine MaterialsInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine MaterialsInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China
| | - Yanliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine MaterialsInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China
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Yan J, Sheng Y, Zhang D, Tang Z. Research Progress in Fluid Energy Collection Based on Friction Nanogenerators. MICROMACHINES 2023; 15:40. [PMID: 38258159 PMCID: PMC10821466 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, the development of electronic technology has provided opportunities for the Internet of Things, biomedicine, and energy harvesting. One of the challenges of the Internet of Things in the electrification era is energy supply. Centralized energy supply has been tested over hundreds of years of history, and its advantages such as ideal output power and stable performance are obvious, but it cannot meet the specific needs of the Internet of Things, and distributed energy supply also has a large demand. Since the invention of nanogenerators, another promising solution for fluid energy harvesting has been opened up. The triboelectric nanogenerator is an emerging platform technology for electromechanical energy conversion, which can realize the collection of fluid energy such as wind energy and wave energy. In this paper, we first introduce the fundamentals of triboelectric nanogenerators and their applications in wind and wave energy harvesting devices. We then discuss the methods of device optimization in the next development of TENG and conclude by considering the future prospects and challenges for triboelectric nanogenerator harvesting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yan
- Naval Architecture and Shipping College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment for South China Sea Marine Ranching, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Yuxuan Sheng
- Naval Architecture and Shipping College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment for South China Sea Marine Ranching, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- Naval Architecture and Shipping College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment for South China Sea Marine Ranching, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Zhi Tang
- Naval Architecture and Shipping College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment for South China Sea Marine Ranching, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518120, China
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Wang X, Hu N, Yang J, Lin R, Chen J, Yu X, Zhu W, Zhang M, Wang T. Eco-friendly triboelectric nanogenerator based on degradable rape straw powder for monitoring human movement. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:465501. [PMID: 37557098 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acee86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Green energy from the surrounding environment has great potential for reducing environmental pollution and sustainable development. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are of great interest as they can easily harvest mechanical energy from the environment. Here, we present a triboelectric nanogenerator (RS-TENG) based on rape straw (RS), which was developed from a film composed of waste RS and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Due to the high content of carbonyl, hydroxyl and amino acid functional groups in RS, the ability of RS/PVA to lose electrons is increased. The proposed RS-TENG device with a size of 6.25 cm2exhibits open circuit voltage (78 V), short circuit current (5.3μA) performance under uniform external stress at a frequency of 3.5 Hz and 10 N in the cylinder motor. 104.5μW was obtained with a load resistance of 25 MΩ. Results obtained from degradability tests revealed that the RS/PVA film was able to degrade over a period of 30 d (In PBS solution). The RS-TENG produces a significantly high current signal under conditions of finger bending, elbow movements, and foot tapping. Practical tests of the RS-TENG have shown that it is a promising sensing device that will be widely used in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiucai Wang
- School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Naijian Hu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongkui Lin
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwen Chen
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinmei Yu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- Mechatronics Engineering and Automation College, Foshan University, Foshan, 528200, People's Republic of China
| | - Minggao Zhang
- Wuhan University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan University of Technology, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou, 516001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Wei Y, Zu G, Sun C, Yang X. Flexible, Wash-Resistant Human Mechanical Energy Harvesting and Storage System for Monitoring Human Movement. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:4060-4070. [PMID: 36942451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of personal portable electronic devices has brought an increasingly urgent need for flexible and portable power sources. Herein, a low-cost, wearable, efficient, sustainable energy harvesting and storage system for human motion detection has been developed, based on a supercapacitor (SC) and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). Carbon cloth (CC)-loaded ZnO/ZnS nanoarrays and a PVD-treated polyurethane conductive sponge are employed as positive and negative triboelectric friction layers, respectively. Besides, flexible and robust silicone rubber provides stable output performance and enables the TENG to harvest mechanical energy from human motion even under complex conditions. As a result, it shows excellent electrical output performance in terms of the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and average power density, reaching 175 V, 12 μA, and 816.7 mW m-2, respectively. These outstanding performances enable the TENG to effectively charge an all-solid-state symmetrical SC (MnO2/LiMn2O4@CC//MnO2/LiMn2O4@CC) and subsequently store it as electrochemical energy for sustainable power supply. Because of the flexible all-texture-type structure of the entire system, it is capable of monitoring the human body's movement. This work has a promising future in random mechanical energy harvesting and storage, as well as human motion tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wei
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials, Ministry of Education & Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Guoqing Zu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials, Ministry of Education & Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chuanyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials, Ministry of Education & Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xijia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials, Ministry of Education & Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
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Wang N, Yang D, Zhang W, Feng M, Li Z, Ye E, Loh XJ, Wang D. Deep Trap Boosted Ultrahigh Triboelectric Charge Density in Nanofibrous Cellulose-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:997-1009. [PMID: 36542844 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
For their use in self-powered implantable or wearable electronics, cellulose nanofiber (CNF)-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have drawn a lot of attention. However, the low triboelectric charge density (TECD) hinders its further application as a tribolayer for TENGs. In this work, a sulfonated cellulose nanofiber was prepared as an electropositive tribolayer for TENGs to obtain ultrahigh electrical output performance. Since the introduction of sulfonic acid effectively increased the dielectric properties and hole deep trap density of the CNF film, the triboelectric charge storage capacity of the CNF-SO3Na film was improved. The results showed that the TECD of the CNF-SO3Na film increased by 460% compared with the pristine CNF film. Furthermore, the dielectric constant and deep trap density of the CNF-SO3Na film increased by 2.4 times and 8.1 times. This work encourages the use of TENGs in real-world wireless transmission applications by outlining an easy and effective method for building high-performance TENGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu730000, China
- A*STAR, Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore138634, Singapore
| | - Di Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu730000, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong266101, China
| | - Min Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu730000, China
| | - Zibiao Li
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore138634, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117575, Singapore
- A*STAR, Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore138634, Singapore
| | - Enyi Ye
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore138634, Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore138634, Singapore
| | - Daoai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu730000, China
- Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials, Qingdao, Shandong266100, China
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Zhao Z, Lu Y, Mi Y, Meng J, Cao X, Wang N. Structural Flexibility in Triboelectric Nanogenerators: A Review on the Adaptive Design for Self-Powered Systems. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13101586. [PMID: 36295939 PMCID: PMC9610431 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing need for structural flexibility in self-powered wearable electronics and other Internet of Things (IoT), where adaptable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) play a key role in realizing the true potential of IoT by endowing the latter with self-sustainability. Thus, in this review, the topic was restricted to the adaptive design of TENGs with structural flexibility that aims to promote the sustainable operation of various smart electronics. This review begins with an emphatical discussion of the concept of flexible electronics and TENGs, and continues with the introduction of TENG-based self-powered intelligent systems while placing the emphasis on self-powered flexible intelligent devices. Self-powered healthcare sensors, e-skins, and other intelligent wearable electronics with enhanced intelligence and efficiency in practical applications due to the integration with TENGs are illustrated, along with an emphasis on the design strategy of structural flexibility of TENGs and the associated integration schemes. This review aims to cover recent achievements in the field of self-powered systems, and provides information on how flexibility or adaptability in TENGs can be adopted, their types, and why they are required in promoting advanced IoT applications with sustainability and intelligence algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zequan Zhao
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yajun Mi
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiajing Meng
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Center for Green Innovation, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
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Zhang Z, Gu G, Gu G, Cheng G, Du Z. Power management strategy for unidirectional current pulsed triboelectric nanogenerator. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:465401. [PMID: 35947935 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac8882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Power management circuit (PMC) can efficiently store the output energy of pulsed triboelectric nanogenerator (Pulsed-TENG). Unidirectional current Pulsed-TENG (UP-TENG) has the advantage of without using rectifier bridge. However, the energy storage efficiency is limited for large capacitors at low capacitor voltage (<10 V). To solve this problem, PMC is optimized here. Firstly, rectifier diode is used to reduce the energy loss. Energy storage efficiency of PMC using rectifier diode (D-PMC) is higher than that of conventional PMC. Then, appropriate inductor is used to further form the optimized PMC (O-PMC), which reduces the energy loss of inductor. Results show that O-PMC using 100μH inductor has the highest energy storage efficiency. The actual test energy storage efficiency of O-PMC is 30.6%, which 3.4 times higher than that of D-PMC. Finally, an external capacitor is connected to electrodes of UP-TENG to form the EUP-TENG, which improves charging speed and output voltage of O-PMC. O-PMC using EUP-TENG can stably power calculator at low motion frequencies. O-PMC can be widely used in self-powered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangqin Gu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxiang Gu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Cheng
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuliang Du
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
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Available Technologies and Commercial Devices to Harvest Energy by Human Trampling in Smart Flooring Systems: A Review. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15020432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Technological innovation has increased the global demand for electrical power and energy. Accordingly, energy harvesting has become a research area of primary interest for the scientific community and companies because it constitutes a sustainable way to collect energy from various sources. In particular, kinetic energy generated from human walking or vehicle movements on smart energy floors represents a promising research topic. This paper aims to analyze the state-of-art of smart energy harvesting floors to determine the best solution to feed a lighting system and charging columns. In particular, the fundamentals of the main harvesting mechanisms applicable in this field (i.e., piezoelectric, electromagnetic, triboelectric, and relative hybrids) are discussed. Moreover, an overview of scientific works related to energy harvesting floors is presented, focusing on the architectures of the developed tiles, the transduction mechanism, and the output performances. Finally, a survey of the commercial energy harvesting floors proposed by companies and startups is reported. From the carried-out analysis, we concluded that the piezoelectric transduction mechanism represents the optimal solution for designing smart energy floors, given their compactness, high efficiency, and absence of moving parts.
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