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Abstract
Background: Alexithymia and stress are two main psychological factors which affect not only fertility, but also the outcome of assisted reproductive technology treatment. Objective: The primary aim of this study was to compare the levels of alexithymia and stress between infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment and women with no fertility issues. The present study aims to: (i) explore the relation between alexithymia and infertility, (ii) investigate whether women with infertility problems show elevated levels of alexithymia compared to women with no fertility problems, and (iii) compare stress levels between women undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatment and women with no fertility problems. Methods: A case control trial was conducted. In total, data from 177 women were collected. The control group consisted of 102 women with no fertility problems, whilst the study group included 75 women undergoing assisted reproductive program. In order to measure the levels of alexithymia and the fertility-related stress among women in both groups and compare the results, validated questionnaires were distributed to every participant. Self-report instruments were used to measure alexithymia (TAS-20), fertility-related stress (FPI), depressive symptomatology (CES-D) and anxiety (STAI). Univariate and bivariate statistical analyses were used. Results: The mean values of alexithymia, anxiety and depressive symptomatology were higher in women with lower educational background and not within a marriage than in women with higher education and within marriage. Additionally, infertile women had similar levels of alexithymia, anxiety and depressive symptomatology compared to women with no fertility problems. Conclusion: Results from the present study suggest that infertile women show similar levels of alexithymia and stress in comparison to women who have not been confronted with fertility problems. Our study findings are in accordance with many previous published studies that have concluded that alexithymia rates are similar between group of patients and group of healthy individuals. However, future studies should aim to investigate the prevalence of alexithymia in infertile women with idiopathic and non-idiopathic infertility as well as to assess the levels of alexithymia in infertile women that are not in a fertility treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giannikaki Maria
- Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
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Cherrez-Ojeda I, Vanegas E, Felix M, Cherrez S, Suárez-Almendariz D, Ponton J, Preciado V, Ollague-Cordova E, Loayza E. Alexithymia in Patients with Psoriasis: A Cross-Sectional Study from Ecuador. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2020; 12:1121-1126. [PMID: 31908550 PMCID: PMC6924577 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s227021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We designed this study to determine the frequency of alexithymia in Ecuadorian patients with psoriasis, as well as possible associations between demographic factors, disease severity, and treatment adherence. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 99 Ecuadorian patients with psoriasis was conducted. Multinomial logistic regressions were performed to ascertain whether age, gender, educational level, years with disease, psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores, and treatment adherence categories are prediction factors in patients with psoriasis to present alexithymia, possible alexithymia or no alexithymia. Results A total of 99 patients participated in the study with a gender distribution of 57.6% male, and an average age and years with disease of 48.3 and 7.4, respectively. Out of all patients, 33.3% presented alexithymia, and 22.2% possible alexithymia, as assessed by the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). The multiple regression model statistically significantly predicted the TAS-20 score from age, gender, educational level, years with psoriasis, PASI score and level of adherence F (7,88) = 4.171, p = 0.001, adj. R2= 0.189. Only having the highest educational level added statistical significance to the prediction of having a lower TAS-20 score, whilst the remainder variables did not. Conclusion We found a similar proportion of alexithymia, as well of average TAS-20 scores among Ecuadorian patients with psoriasis in comparison to previous studies. Only having the highest educational level was found to decrease the TAS-20 score. Age, gender, years with psoriasis, PASI score and level of adherence were not identified as factors that influence the TAS-20 score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda
- Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador.,Respiralab Research Group, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Emanuel Vanegas
- Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador.,Respiralab Research Group, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Miguel Felix
- Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador.,Respiralab Research Group, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Sofia Cherrez
- Respiralab Research Group, Guayaquil, Ecuador.,School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Johana Ponton
- Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Luis Vernaza, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | | | | | - Enrique Loayza
- Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Luis Vernaza, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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Korkoliakou P, Efstathiou V, Giannopoulou I, Christodoulou C, Kouris A, Rigopoulos D, Douzenis A. Psychopathology and alexithymia in patients with psoriasis. An Bras Dermatol 2017; 92:510-515. [PMID: 28954100 PMCID: PMC5595598 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20175660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, relapsing skin disease that has a
psychosocial impact on the patients' life. Objective This study aimed to investigate psychopathology in patients with psoriasis
based on a valid psychometric instrument, as well as on the relationship
between psychopathology and alexithymia. Methods 108 patients with psoriasis were included in the study. Psychopathology was
evaluated with the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and alexithymia
with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Disease severity was clinically
assessed using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index. Results As regards the psychopathological dimensions, female patients presented with
statistically significant higher somatization, depression, anxiety, phobic
anxiety, and psychoticism than males. Patients with alexithymia presented
with statistically significant higher somatization, interpersonal
sensitivity, anxiety, and phobic anxiety than non-alexithymic patients.
Alexithymia positively correlated with somatization (r = 0.26, p < 0.01),
interpersonal sensitivity (r = 0.24, p < 0.05), depression (r = 0.27, p
< 0.01), anxiety (r = 0.26, p < 0.01), and phobic anxiety (r = 0.26, p
< 0.01). In addition, alexithymia also contributed to the prediction of
these conditions. Study Limitations A larger study sample could yield safer generalized results. Nevertheless, to
the best of our knowledge, this was the first study to investigate various
psychopathological dimensions in patients with psoriasis. Conclusions Our study results indicate that alexithymia and female sex were associated
with several psychopathological dimensions in patients with psoriasis. It
may be suggested that alexithymia constitutes an important factor in the
development of mental disorders among patients with psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Korkoliakou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital - Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Efstathiou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital - Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Giannopoulou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital - Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Christodoulou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital - Athens, Greece
| | - Anargyros Kouris
- Department of Dermatology, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital - Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Rigopoulos
- Department of Dermatology, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital - Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Douzenis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital - Athens, Greece
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Chen L, Xu L, You W, Zhang X, Ling N. Prevalence and associated factors of alexithymia among adult prisoners in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17:287. [PMID: 28768497 PMCID: PMC5541430 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1443-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prison is an extremely stressful environment and prisoners have an increasing risk of suffering from alexithymia. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of alexithymia among prisoners in China. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in five main jails of the district of Zhejiang province in China, and a total of 1705 adult prisoners ultimately took part in the study. Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Hopelessness Scale and several short demographic questions were applied. RESULTS Over 30% of prisoners were classified as alexithymics and as high as 96.2% of prisoners suffered from at least one traumatic experience in their childhood, meanwhile, 81.5%, 53.4% and 85.8% were found to be positive for depression, anxiety and hopelessness symptoms respectively. Education, childhood trauma, negative emotional symptoms including depression, anxiety and hopelessness of the respondents, were negatively or positively associated with alexithymia among prisoners. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that high prevalence of alexithymia among prisoners is linked with their level of education, experience of childhood trauma and symptoms of negative emotions. Accordingly, the findings in our study can be used for prevention and intervention of alexithymia among prisoners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Applied Psychology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Linna Xu
- 0000 0001 2151 7947grid.265850.cDepartment of Economics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY USA
| | - Weimin You
- Public Security Sub-Bureau of Huangyan, Taizhou Public Security Bureau, Huangyan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- 0000 0004 1764 2632grid.417384.dDepartment of Children’s Health Care, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Sampogna F, Puig L, Spuls P, Girolomoni G, Radtke M, Kirby B, Brunori M, Bergmans P, Smirnov P, Rundle J, Lavie F, Paul C. Prevalence of alexithymia in patients with psoriasis and its association with disease burden: a multicentre observational study. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:1195-1203. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Sampogna
- Dermatological Hospital IDI-IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - L. Puig
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Barcelona Spain
| | - P. Spuls
- Department of Dermatology; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | | | - M.A. Radtke
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - B. Kirby
- St Vincent's University Hospital; Dublin Ireland
| | | | | | | | - J. Rundle
- Janssen-Cilag Ltd; High Wycombe Buckinghamshire, U.K
| | | | - C. Paul
- Department of Dermatology; Toulouse University; Hôpital Larrey; 24 Chemin de Pouvourville 31059 Toulouse France
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Oliveira MDFSPD, Rocha BDO, Duarte GV. Psoriasis: classical and emerging comorbidities. An Bras Dermatol 2015; 90:9-20. [PMID: 25672294 PMCID: PMC4323693 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20153038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory systemic disease. Evidence shows an association
of psoriasis with arthritis, depression, inflammatory bowel disease and
cardiovascular diseases. Recently, several other comorbid conditions have been
proposed as related to the chronic inflammatory status of psoriasis. The
understanding of these conditions and their treatments will certainly lead to better
management of the disease. The present article aims to synthesize the knowledge in
the literature about the classical and emerging comorbidities related to
psoriasis.
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Gilet H, Roborel de Climens A, Arnould B, Bachelez H, Bagot M, Beaulieu P, Joly P, Jullien D, Le Maître M, Ortonne JP, Paul C, Thibout E. Development and psychometric validation of the REFlective evaLuation of psoriasis Efficacy of Treatment and Severity (REFLETS) questionnaire: a common measure of plaque-type psoriasis severity and treatment efficacy for patients and clinicians. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29:498-506. [PMID: 25059687 PMCID: PMC4359024 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, there is no global consensus on the definition of the severity of psoriasis. The REFlective evaLuation of psoriasis Efficacy of Treatment and Severity (REFLETS) questionnaire has recently been developed to provide a better understanding of plaque-type psoriasis severity and treatment efficacy from both patient and clinician perspectives. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to develop and psychometrically validate the new REFLETS questionnaire to evaluate patient and clinician perceptions of plaque-type psoriasis severity and treatment efficacy. METHODS Two similar versions of the REFLETS questionnaire were developed following a rigorous methodology for clinicians and patients, referring to 'the psoriasis of your patient' or to 'your psoriasis', respectively. An observational, longitudinal, multicentre study was conducted in France with 34 dermatologists and 430 mild to severe plaque-type psoriasis patients to finalize the questionnaire and evaluate its psychometric properties. RESULTS Two dimensions were defined--severity and treatment efficacy--with three subdimensions within severity (impact of psoriasis, symptoms and disease course), and two individual items on joint pain. The questionnaire was well accepted by clinicians and patients. Excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.66-0.98) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.83-0.94) were demonstrated. REFLETS scores were moderately to highly correlated to Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (r = 0.35-0.70), Skindex-29 (r = 0.46-0.82) and DLQI scores (r = 0.36-0.82). Patients with decreased psoriasis severity and those with increased treatment efficacy, according to patient global evaluations, had lower severity and higher treatment efficacy REFLETS scores, respectively. CONCLUSION REFlective evaLuation of psoriasis Efficacy of Treatment and Severity is a promising tool for assessing plaque-type psoriasis severity and treatment efficacy from patient and clinician perspectives. It may help to improve patient and clinician communication in treatment decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gilet
- HEOR & Strategic Market Access, MapiLyon, France
| | | | - B Arnould
- HEOR & Strategic Market Access, MapiLyon, France
| | - H Bachelez
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint LouisParis, France
| | - M Bagot
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint LouisParis, France
| | - P Beaulieu
- Dermatologist, Private Clinical PracticePontoise, France
| | - P Joly
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Charles NicolleRouen, France
| | | | - M Le Maître
- Dermatologist, Private Clinical PracticeCaen, France
| | | | - C Paul
- Université Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5165, INSERM 1056Toulouse, France
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Mnif L, Damak R, Mnif F, Ouanes S, Abid M, Jaoua A, Masmoudi J. Alexithymia impact on type 1 and type 2 diabetes: A case-control study. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2014; 75:213-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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Mela M, Audu M, Tesfaye M, Gurmu S. A developing world perspective on homicide and personality disorder. MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND THE LAW 2014; 54:132-138. [PMID: 24166685 DOI: 10.1177/0025802413499911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
High rates of psychotic disorder among special populations of homicide offenders, females, youth and the mentally disordered, have received much investigation. Personality disorder, especially antisocial personality disorder, augments the relative risk ratio of violence, especially in combination with substance use disorder. Few studies of these correlates of violence and especially homicide have been reported in low- and medium-income countries (LMIC). Using the structured clinical interview for DSM diagnosis (SCID), personality disorders were identified in a cross sectional study involving 546 homicide offenders in Jimma prison, Ethiopia. Predictors of personality disorder were determined using multivariate analysis of various demographic and clinical variables, for example, age, psychiatric history and substance use. Out of the 316 offenders who completed the SCID, only 16% fulfilled DSM IV criteria for personality disorder. The rationale for killing, self-defence, anger and revenge (52% of offenders), planning involved in offending (50%) and reasonably high level of relationship functioning (57% married) were different from most data from the high-income countries. Diagnostically relevant cultural factors in LMIC, not in play in high-income countries, may explain the differences in personality disorders similar to other mental disorders and the underlying mediators of homicide.
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Korkoliakou P, Christodoulou C, Kouris A, Porichi E, Efstathiou V, Kaloudi E, Kokkevi A, Stavrianeas N, Papageorgiou C, Douzenis A. Alexithymia, anxiety and depression in patients with psoriasis: a case-control study. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2014; 13:38. [PMID: 25520742 PMCID: PMC4269099 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-014-0038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alexithymia, the difficulty in describing or recognizing emotions, has been associated with various psychosomatic pathologies including psoriasis. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of alexithymia and its association with anxiety and depression in patients with psoriasis compared with healthy participants, while taking into consideration demographic and clinical variables. METHODS One hundred and eight psoriatic patients and 100 healthy participants from the general population completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The severity of patients' psoriasis was clinically assessed using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). RESULTS Psoriatic patients had higher levels of alexithymia compared with healthy participants. While a rather high rate of psoriatic patients presented anxiety and depression as defined by the HADS, the differences that were found in comparison with the control group were not significant. Neither alexithymia nor its dimensions, difficulty in identifying feelings (DIF), difficulty in describing feelings (DDF) and externally oriented thinking (EOT), were associated with gender or psoriasis severity. Age was associated only with EOT, which was independent of depression and anxiety. Higher anxiety and depression were connected with higher alexithymia and DIF, while higher anxiety with higher DDF as well. CONCLUSIONS The alexithymia prevalence was higher in psoriatic patients than that in healthy participants, while it was positively correlated with anxiety and depression. Difficulty in identifying feelings was connected with both anxiety and depression, whereas difficulty in describing them was only with anxiety. Finally, externally oriented thinking was predicted only from age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Korkoliakou
- Second Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital, Athens, 12462 Greece
| | - Christos Christodoulou
- Second Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital, Athens, 12462 Greece
| | - Anargyros Kouris
- Second Department of Dermatology, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital, Athens, 12462 Greece
| | - Evgenia Porichi
- Second Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital, Athens, 12462 Greece
| | - Vasiliki Efstathiou
- Second Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital, Athens, 12462 Greece
| | - Eythymia Kaloudi
- Second Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital, Athens, 12462 Greece
| | - Anna Kokkevi
- University Mental Health Research Institute (UMHRI), Athens, 15601 Greece
| | - Nikolaos Stavrianeas
- Second Department of Dermatology, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital, Athens, 12462 Greece
| | - Charalabos Papageorgiou
- Second Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital, Athens, 12462 Greece ; University Mental Health Research Institute (UMHRI), Athens, 15601 Greece
| | - Athanasios Douzenis
- Second Department of Psychiatry, University of Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University General Hospital, Athens, 12462 Greece
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Emotional intelligence as an indicator of satisfaction with life of patients with psoriasis. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2013; 30:365-72. [PMID: 24493999 PMCID: PMC3907901 DOI: 10.5114/pdia.2013.39435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Research reports confirm the existence of a relation between emotional intelligence and various aspects of human functioning. It protects psychical and physical health of an individual, helps to adapt to new conditions and, consequently, contributes to the increase in life quality expressed in satisfaction with life. Psoriasis, a chronic skin disease, may negatively influence the psychical state of a patient and his or her social functioning, which leads to the decrease in satisfaction with life. Aim This research aimed at determining the relation between emotional intelligence and satisfaction with life in a group of patients with psoriasis. Material and methods The research group consisted of 81 people with psoriasis (40 men and 41 women) with the average age of 41.22 (SD = 14.18). The research tools used included the Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire INTE, Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), personal questionnaire and PASI scale. Results There is a positive correlation between emotional intelligence and satisfaction with life in the group of patients with psoriasis. Especially factor I – using emotions in thinking and operating – positively correlates with satisfaction with life. Conclusions Emotional intelligence together with the percentage of body area taken by pathological changes are the indicators of satisfaction with life in patients with psoriasis.
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Cömert A, Akbaş B, Kılıç EZ, Akın Ö, Gökçe E, Göktuna Z, Taşkapan O. Psychiatric comorbidities and alexithymia in patients with seborrheic dermatitis: a questionnaire study in Turkey. Am J Clin Dermatol 2013; 14:335-42. [PMID: 23609607 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-013-0019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine the levels of anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with seborrheic dermatitis (SD) compared with healthy subjects. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the presence of alexithymia among patients and its association with these psychiatric comorbidities. METHODS A total of 117 consecutive adult patients (66 male, 51 female) with SD and 95 age- and gender-matched healthy controls selected from the community (46 male, 49 female) were enrolled in the study. The demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded. The clinical severity of the disease was assessed according to the Seborrheic Dermatitis Area and Severity Index (SDASI) scoring system. Both patients and controls were evaluated by the validated Turkish versions of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-26). RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between the patient and control groups regarding the mean scores of depressive or obsessive-compulsive symptoms or alexithymia (all p > 0.05). However, anxiety scores in patients with SD were higher than in controls (p = 0.001). No significant relationship was present between anxiety and disease severity nor disease duration (p > 0.05). Thirty-eight patients with high anxiety scores were found to be more alexithymic (p = 0.000). CONCLUSION SD is one of the inflammatory skin disorders that is known to be triggered or aggravated by stress. However, little scientific evidence exists to confirm this view. In addition, very limited data are available about the presence of the personality profiles leading to emotional dysregulation such as alexithymia and concurrent psychiatric disorders in patients with SD. Our study showed that anxiety levels were significantly higher in patients with SD compared with healthy controls but there was no significant association with alexithymia, depression, or obsessive-compulsive symptom levels. Dermatologists should be particularly vigilant to the possibility of concurrent psychiatric morbidity in patients with SD in order to improve patients' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuman Cömert
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Devlet Yolu Ankara Cad. No: 102/104, Kozyatağı, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey.
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Davezies P. Souffrance au travail, répression psychique et troubles musculo-squelettiques. PERSPECTIVES INTERDISCIPLINAIRES SUR LE TRAVAIL ET LA SANTÉ 2013. [DOI: 10.4000/pistes.3376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Fonctionnement psychoaffectif d’adultes atteints de dermatite atopique. PRAT PSYCHOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prps.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Maza A, Richard M, Aubin F, Ortonne J, Prey S, Bachelez H, Beylot-Barry M, Bulai-Livideanu C, Lahfa M, Nougué J, Mengual X, Le Moigne M, Lauwers-Cances V, Paul C. Significant delay in the introduction of systemic treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis: a prospective multicentre observational study in outpatients from hospital dermatology departments in France. Br J Dermatol 2012; 167:643-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10991.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Many dermatological disorders have a psychosomatic or behavioral aspect. Skin and brain continually interact through psychoneuroimmunoendocrine mechanisms and through behaviors that can strongly affect the initiation or flaring of skin disorders. It is important to consider these mind-body interactions when planning treatments for specific skin disorders in individual patients. Mind-influencing therapeutic options that can enhance treatment of skin disorders include standard psychotropic drugs, alternative herbs and supplements, the placebo effect, suggestion, cognitive-behavioral methods, biofeedback, and hypnosis. When individual measures do not produce the desired results, combinations of drugs or addition of non-drug therapies may be more successful. Psychophysiological skin disorders may respond well to non-drug and drug therapies that counteract stress. Treatment of primary psychiatric disorders often results in improvement of associated skin disorders. Psychiatric disorders secondary to skin disorders may also require treatment. Therapeutic options for each of these are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip D Shenefelt
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Sunay D, Baykir M, Ateş G, Ekşioğlu M. Alexithymia and acne vulgaris: a case control study. Psychiatry Investig 2011; 8:327-33. [PMID: 22216042 PMCID: PMC3246140 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2011.8.4.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 05/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess relationship between alexithymia and acne vulgaris in young people. METHODS A hundred and eleven subjects between 15 and 25 years of age referred to out-patient clinic of dermatology with acne and 78 subjects applied to family physician for complaints other than acne were included in patient and control groups of the study, respectively. A questionnaire to determine demographic characteristics, an acne classification to determine severity of acne and Toronto Alexithymic Scale (TAS) to assess alexithymia were used. RESULTS The mean scores of TAS were 52.7±10.8 and 51.7±10.7 in patient and control groups, respectively. Alexitymia was determined in 23.4% of the subjects in acne group and in 24.4% of control group. No significant differences were found between groups in terms of alexithymia, intermediate alexitymia and three-factors of TAS. CONCLUSION Alexithymia does not appear to be related to acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Sunay
- Department of Dermatology, Ministry of Health, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Baykir
- Ministry of Health, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Dermatology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülfem Ateş
- Ministry of Health, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Dermatology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Ekşioğlu
- Ministry of Health, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Dermatology, Ankara, Turkey
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Shenefelt PD. Psychological interventions in the management of common skin conditions. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2010; 3:51-63. [PMID: 22110329 PMCID: PMC3218765 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s7072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The nervous system and the skin develop next to each other in the embryo and remain intimately interconnected and interactive throughout life. The nervous system can influence skin conditions through psychoneuroimmunoendocrine mechanisms and through behaviors. Understanding the pathophysiology aids in selection of treatment plans for correcting the negative effects of the psyche on specific skin conditions. Medication options include standard psychotropic medications and alternative herbs and supplements. Other options include biofeedback, cognitive-behavioral methods, hypnosis, meditation, progressive relaxation, the placebo effect, and suggestion. When simple measures fail, combining medications with other therapeutic options may produce better results. Skin conditions that have strong psychophysiologic aspects may respond well to techniques such as biofeedback, cognitive-behavioral methods, hypnosis, meditation, or progressive relaxation that help to counteract stress. Treatment of primary psychiatric disorders that negatively influence skin conditions often results in improvement of those skin conditions. Abnormal conditions of the skin, hair, and nails can also influence the psyche negatively. Treatment of secondary psychiatric disorders such as anxiety or depression that are triggered or exacerbated by the appearance of these skin conditions or the associated discomfort may also be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip D Shenefelt
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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