[Benefits of exercise in healthy population and impact on disease occurrence]

Incidence and regression of metabolic syndrome in a representative sample of the Spanish population: results of the cohort di@bet.es study

INTRODUCTION

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important predictor of cardiovascular mortality. Identification of occurrence and regression trends of MetS could permit elaboration of preventive strategies with new targets. The objective of this study was to analyze the occurrence and regression rates of MetS and its associated factors in the representative cohort of Spain of the di@bet.es study.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The di@bet.es study is a prospective cohort where 5072 people representative of the Spanish population over 18 years of age were randomly selected between 2009 and 2010. Follow-up was a median of 7.5 (IQR 7.2-7.9) years, with 2408 (47%) participating subjects. A total of 1881 (78%) subjects had all the pertinent data available and were included in this study.

RESULTS

Of the 1146 subjects without baseline criteria for MetS, 294 (25.7%) developed MetS during follow-up, while of the 735 patients with prior MetS, 148 (20.1%) presented regression. Adjusted MetS incidence per 1000 person-years was 38 (95% CI 32 to 44), while regression incidence was 36 (95% CI 31 to 41). Regression rate was independently higher than incidence rate in the following: women, subjects aged 18-45, university-degree holders, patients without central obesity, without hypertension, as well as those with body mass index of <25 kg/m². Lower progression and higher regression rates were observed with an adapted 14-point Mediterranean Diet adherence screener questionnaire score of >11 in both groups and with >500 and>2000 MET-min/week of physical activity, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides MetS incidence and regression rates, and identifies the target population for intervention strategies in Spain and possibly in other countries.

Motivos de práctica como predictor de la actividad física en maestros y la satisfacción con la vida

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la relación entre la intención de práctica de actividad física, la actividad actual, la motivación y satisfacción vital de maestros españoles. A través de un diseño descriptivo, predictivo y transversal, se administró un cuestionario con diversos instrumentos a una muestra de 649 docentes en activo. Inicialmente, se realizó un análisis de las propiedades psicométricas de las escalas a través de un análisis factorial confirmatorio y de fiabilidades de los factores, encontrando unos índices de ajuste adecuados. Seguidamente, se realizó un análisis correlacional y una regresión lineal múltiple por el método de pasos sucesivos. Las correlaciones más altas se dieron entre los motivos de diversión, competencia, fitness y la actividad física actual y futura (p < 0.05). Los resultados muestran que los motivos de práctica: diversión, competencia y fitness tienen capacidad para predecir la actividad física realizada en la actualidad (R2 = 0.32; p < 0.001); mientras que todos los motivos de práctica de actividad física, excepto los sociales, predicen la intención de ser físicamente activos en el futuro (R2 = 0.59; p < 0.001). Finalmente, se encontró una tendencia de que la práctica de actividad física con motivo de diversión predice significativamente la satisfacción con la vida.