Views about getting older as predictors to self-esteem of professionals nearing retirement

Age Differences in Attitudes towards Older People in Poland

INTRODUCTION

The attitudes towards older people is essential. Society's perception of older adults is often unpleasant. Inappropriate treatment of older people in society causes a decrease in self-esteem, a sense of control over one's own life, a decrease in the quality of life, an increase in anxiety, depression, anger, and sadness. The aim of this study was to compare the attitudes of young people and seniors towards older people in relation to their satisfaction with life and self-esteem.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study was conducted online in groups of young adults under 35 years of age (Group I) and over 65 years of age (group II), with 177 people each.

METHOD

The study used the following questionnaires: Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Self-Assessment of Own Person (SOP), and Kogan's Attitude Towards Old People Scale (KATOPS).

RESULTS

The satisfaction of life in both groups was average. The mean value of self-esteem was significantly (p < 0.001) lower in the group of seniors. Both groups of respondents had negative attitudes towards seniors in the KATOPS. There was a statistically significant correlation between life satisfaction and self-esteem in seniors. Gender, age, education, or place of residence of respondents had no impact on negative attitudes in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Both groups showed negative attitudes towards seniors. No significant correlation was found between the groups and gender of the respondents, and the influence of the respondent's age, education, marital status, or place of residence. There was a correlation between the respondents' attitudes in the subscale of negative attitudes and their satisfaction with life. No correlation between self-esteem and age and marital status were found with no dependence on gender, education, or place of residence.