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Ren C, Ren L, Yan J, Bai Z, Zhang L, Zhang H, Xie Y, Li X. Transcription profiling of cadmium-exposed livers reveals alteration of lipid metabolism and predisposition to hepatic steatosis. Xenobiotica 2021; 51:1271-1281. [PMID: 34696656 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2020.1858207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
1. Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous environmental toxicant that can cause liver steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on long-term exposure.2. Sixteen Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups, and were administered normal saline and 5 mg/(kg·d) cadmium chloride by gavage. In vitro, BRL3A cells, a rat normal liver cell line, were treated with different concentrations of Cd to verify the sequencing results.3. The RNA-seq revealed 146 upregulated genes and 127 downregulated genes in the Cd intervention group. The key genes of lipid metabolism were significantly overexpressed, such as Cyp1a1 and Pla2g2d. The GO enrichment analysis showed that the 'sterol biosynthetic process' was the most obvious difference. The KEGG analysis showed that six of the top 10 differential pathways were related to lipid metabolism. The expression of the essential genes in BRL3A was consistent with the sequencing results. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) yielded that Cyp1a1 is in the central region of the differentially expressed gene network.4. The chronic Cd exposure is still an important environmental health problem with a probable tendency to cause NAFLD. It may possibly act by affecting the lipid metabolism in the liver, especially the synthesis and decomposition of unsaturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghui Ren
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Longfei Ren
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Medical College Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Medical College Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongtian Bai
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Medical College Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Medical College Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglong Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Xie
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Medical College Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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A Systematic Review of the Epidemiologic Literature Assessing Health Outcomes in Populations Living near Oil and Natural Gas Operations: Study Quality and Future Recommendations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16122123. [PMID: 31208070 PMCID: PMC6616936 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A systematic method was used to review the existing epidemiologic literature and determine the state of the scientific evidence for potential adverse health outcomes in populations living near oil and natural gas (ONG) operations in the United States. The review utilized adapted systematic review frameworks from the medical and environmental health fields, such as Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE), the Navigation Guide, and guidance from the National Toxicology Program’s Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT). The review included 20 epidemiologic studies, with 32 different health outcomes. Studies of populations living near ONG operations provide limited evidence (modest scientific findings that support the outcome, but with significant limitations) of harmful health effects including asthma exacerbations and various self-reported symptoms. Study quality has improved over time and the highest rated studies within this assessment have primarily focused on birth outcomes. Additional high-quality studies are needed to confirm or dispute these correlations.
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Perkins AN, Inayat-Hussain SH, Deziel NC, Johnson CH, Ferguson SS, Garcia-Milian R, Thompson DC, Vasiliou V. Evaluation of potential carcinogenicity of organic chemicals in synthetic turf crumb rubber. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 169:163-172. [PMID: 30458352 PMCID: PMC6396308 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there are >11,000 synthetic turf athletic fields in the United States and >13,000 in Europe. Concerns have been raised about exposure to carcinogenic chemicals resulting from contact with synthetic turf fields, particularly the infill material ("crumb rubber"), which is commonly fabricated from recycled tires. However, exposure data are scant, and the limited existing exposure studies have focused on a small subset of crumb rubber components. Our objective was to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of a broad range of chemical components of crumb rubber infill using computational toxicology and regulatory agency classifications from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) and European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) to inform future exposure studies and risk analyses. Through a literature review, we identified 306 chemical constituents of crumb rubber infill from 20 publications. Utilizing ADMET Predictor™, a computational program to predict carcinogenicity and genotoxicity, 197 of the identified 306 chemicals met our a priori carcinogenicity criteria. Of these, 52 chemicals were also classified as known, presumed or suspected carcinogens by the US EPA and ECHA. Of the remaining 109 chemicals which were not predicted to be carcinogenic by our computational toxicology analysis, only 6 chemicals were classified as presumed or suspected human carcinogens by US EPA or ECHA. Importantly, the majority of crumb rubber constituents were not listed in the US EPA (n = 207) and ECHA (n = 262) databases, likely due to an absence of evaluation or insufficient information for a reliable carcinogenicity classification. By employing a cancer hazard scoring system to the chemicals which were predicted and classified by the computational analysis and government databases, several high priority carcinogens were identified, including benzene, benzidine, benzo(a)pyrene, trichloroethylene and vinyl chloride. Our findings demonstrate that computational toxicology assessment in conjunction with government classifications can be used to prioritize hazardous chemicals for future exposure monitoring studies for users of synthetic turf fields. This approach could be extended to other compounds or toxicity endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina N Perkins
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06250, USA
| | - Salmaan H Inayat-Hussain
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06250, USA; Product Stewardship and Toxicology Section, Group Health, Safety, Security and Environment, Petroliam Nasional Berhad, Kuala Lumpur 50088, Malaysia
| | - Nicole C Deziel
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06250, USA
| | - Caroline H Johnson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06250, USA
| | - Stephen S Ferguson
- Biomolecular Screening Branch, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Rolando Garcia-Milian
- Bioinformatics Support Program, Cushing/ Whitney Medical Library, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06250, USA
| | - David C Thompson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06250, USA.
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