1
|
Ricker K, Cheng V, Hsieh CJ, Tsai FC, Osborne G, Li K, Yilmazer-Musa M, Sandy MS, Cogliano VJ, Schmitz R, Sun M. Application of the Key Characteristics of Carcinogens to Bisphenol A. Int J Toxicol 2024; 43:253-290. [PMID: 38204208 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231225161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The ten key characteristics (KCs) of carcinogens are based on characteristics of known human carcinogens and encompass many types of endpoints. We propose that an objective review of the large amount of cancer mechanistic evidence for the chemical bisphenol A (BPA) can be achieved through use of these KCs. A search on metabolic and mechanistic data relevant to the carcinogenicity of BPA was conducted and web-based software tools were used to screen and organize the results. We applied the KCs to systematically identify, organize, and summarize mechanistic information for BPA, and to bring relevant carcinogenic mechanisms into focus. For some KCs with very large data sets, we utilized reviews focused on specific endpoints. Over 3000 studies for BPA from various data streams (exposed humans, animals, in vitro and cell-free systems) were identified. Mechanistic data relevant to each of the ten KCs were identified, with receptor-mediated effects, epigenetic alterations, oxidative stress, and cell proliferation being especially data rich. Reactive and bioactive metabolites are also associated with a number of KCs. This review demonstrates how the KCs can be applied to evaluate mechanistic data, especially for data-rich chemicals. While individual entities may have different approaches for the incorporation of mechanistic data in cancer hazard identification, the KCs provide a practical framework for conducting an objective examination of the available mechanistic data without a priori assumptions on mode of action. This analysis of the mechanistic data available for BPA suggests multiple and inter-connected mechanisms through which this chemical can act.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Ricker
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa Cheng
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Chingyi Jennifer Hsieh
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Feng C Tsai
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Gwendolyn Osborne
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Kate Li
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Meltem Yilmazer-Musa
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Martha S Sandy
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Vincent J Cogliano
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Rose Schmitz
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Meng Sun
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang X, Fu M, Li K, Cheng X, Zhang X, Shen X, Lei B, Yu Y. Bisphenol chemicals in colostrum from Shanghai, China during 2006-2019: Concentration, temporal variation, and potential influence on birth parameters. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 185:114485. [PMID: 38301991 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) and its alternatives bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) are identified as endocrine disruptors that have negative impacts on infant growth. Their temporal variations in human milk and potential effects on fetal growth are not well known. In this study, colostrum collecting at four time points between 2006 and 2019 and paired urine in 2019 from Shanghai, China, were analyzed for eight bisphenols. The total concentrations in colostrum in 2019 were up to 3.43 ng/mL, with BPA being dominant, followed by BPS and BPF. BPA levels in colostrum noticeably decreased from 2010 to 2013. Additionally, obvious percentage changes in bisphenols were observed in 2019. The BPA concentrations in paired colostrum and urine were not significantly correlated. High levels of BPA in colostrum were linked to a significant reduction in birth head circumference in 2019 (p = 0.031). BPA and BPS in colostrum might have similar negative effect on fetal growth in 2019, but these effects were generally non-significant. Further studies are needed to testify the potential impact. The hazard indexes for infants in the first week of life were below 1, suggesting no obvious health risks. However, the high contribution from BPA still warrants further attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Minghui Fu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Kexin Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiaomeng Cheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiuhua Shen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bingli Lei
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang W, Zhang L, Liang W, Wang H, Hu F. Neurodevelopment effects of early life bisphenol-A exposure on visual memory: Insights into recovery dynamics. Toxicology 2024; 502:153718. [PMID: 38160929 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a ubiquitous endocrine disruptor, is implicated in the cognitive deficits observed in both children and animals. Especially, BPA-induced spatial memory deterioration during the whole development phase of rodents has been well delineated. However, whether BPA exposure on the different development phases exerts similar effects on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) dependent visual memory is still elusive. Here, we chose two exposure windows, the whole gestation and lactation phases (E0∼P21) and the whole juvenile and adolescent phases (P22∼P60), for exposing rats to BPA. The visual memory of those rats was accessed by object recognition testing in the open field after BPA exposure and a constant recovery interval. The results revealed a substantial decline of visual memory under both exposure conditions, accompanied by an increase in anxiety-like behavior in BPA-exposed rats. Notably, after a 20-day recovery period, those behavioral changes induced by BPA exposure during P22∼60, not E0∼P21, were reversed compared to the control rats. According to morphological analysis of those rats after recovery, we found that the spine density of pyramidal neurons in the PFC were significant decreased in rats with BPA exposure during E0∼P21 and there was no difference between rats with or without BPA exposure during P22∼P60. Additionally, a similar change trend in excitatory receptors expression was observed under both exposure conditions. After an additional 20 days of recovery, the behavioral changes in rats with perinatal BPA exposure reverted to the normal status. Our present findings illuminate the dynamic effects of BPA on PFC-dependent functions across two crucial early developmental stages of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wentai Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Linke Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Liang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Life Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pluym N, Roegner N, Peschel O, Leibold E, Scherer G, Scherer M. Human metabolism and excretion kinetics of the surfactant 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol (TMDD) after oral and dermal administration. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2419-2428. [PMID: 37392209 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03547-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
2,4,7,9-Tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol (TMDD) is a non-ionic surfactant with a wide range of applications. TMDD is considered a high-production chemical and, due to its low biodegradation rate, possesses a potentially high prevalence in the environment. However, despite its widespread use, toxicokinetic data and data on internal exposure to TMDD in the general population are completely lacking. Hence, we developed a human biomonitoring (HBM) method for TMDD. Our approach included a metabolism study with four subjects, who were administered an oral dose of 75 µg TMDD/kg body weight and a dermal dose of 750 µg/kg body weight. Terminal methyl-hydroxylated TMDD (1-OH-TMDD) was previously identified as the main urinary metabolite in our lab. The results of the oral and dermal applications were used to determine the toxicokinetic parameters of 1-OH-TMDD as a biomarker of exposure. Finally, the method was applied to 50 urine samples from non-occupationally exposed volunteers. Results show that TMDD was rapidly metabolized, with an average tmax of 1.7 h and a rapid and almost complete (96%) excretion of 1-OH-TMDD until 12 h after oral dosage. Elimination was bi-phasic, with half-lives of 0.75-1.6 h and 3.4-3.6 h for phases 1 and 2, respectively. The dermal application resulted in a delayed urinary excretion of this metabolite with a tmax of 12 h and complete excretion after about 48 h. The excreted amounts of 1-OH-TMDD represented 18% of the orally administered TMDD dose. The data of the metabolism study demonstrated a fast oral as well as substantial dermal resorption of TMDD. Moreover, the results indicated an effective metabolism of 1-OH-TMDD, which is excreted rapidly and completely via urine. Application of the method to 50 urine samples revealed a quantification rate of 90%, with an average concentration of 0.19 ng/mL (0.97 nmol/g creatinine). With the urinary excretion factor (Fue) derived from the metabolism study, we estimated an average daily intake of 1.65 µg TMDD from environmental and dietary sources. In conclusion, 1-OH-TMDD in urine is a suitable biomarker of exposure to TMDD and can be applied for biomonitoring of the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Pluym
- Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Semmelweisstr. 5, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | - Nadine Roegner
- Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Semmelweisstr. 5, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | - Oliver Peschel
- Institut für Rechtsmedizin der Universität München, Nussbaumstr. 26, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Edgar Leibold
- BASF SE, Product Safety, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Scherer
- Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Semmelweisstr. 5, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | - Max Scherer
- Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Semmelweisstr. 5, 82152, Planegg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
González-Casanova JE, Bermúdez V, Caro Fuentes NJ, Angarita LC, Caicedo NH, Rivas Muñoz J, Rojas-Gómez DM. New Evidence on BPA's Role in Adipose Tissue Development of Proinflammatory Processes and Its Relationship with Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098231. [PMID: 37175934 PMCID: PMC10179730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a xenobiotic with endocrine disruptor properties which interacts with various receptors, eliciting a cellular response. In the plastic industry, BPA is widely used in the production of polycarbonate and epoxy-phenolic resins to provide elastic properties. It can be found in the lining of canned foods, certain plastic containers, thermal printing papers, composite dental fillings, and medical devices, among other things. Therefore, it is a compound that, directly or indirectly, is in daily contact with the human organism. BPA is postulated to be a factor responsible for the global epidemic of obesity and non-communicable chronic diseases, belonging to the obesogenic and diabetogenic group of compounds. Hence, this endocrine disruptor may be responsible for the development of metabolic disorders, promoting in fat cells an increase in proinflammatory pathways and upregulating the expression and release of certain cytokines, such as IL6, IL1β, and TNFα. These, in turn, at a systemic and local level, are associated with a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, which allows the perpetuation of the typical physiological complications of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Nelson Javier Caro Fuentes
- Centro de Investigación Austral Biotech, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Avda. Ejército 146, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Lissé Chiquinquirá Angarita
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepción, Talcahuano 4260000, Chile
| | - Nelson Hernando Caicedo
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Bioprocesos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Diseño y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Icesi, Calle 18 No. 122-135 Pance, Cali 760031, Colombia
| | - Jocelyn Rivas Muñoz
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370321, Chile
| | - Diana Marcela Rojas-Gómez
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370321, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Besaratinia A. The State of Research and Weight of Evidence on the Epigenetic Effects of Bisphenol A. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097951. [PMID: 37175656 PMCID: PMC10178030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high-production-volume chemical with numerous industrial and consumer applications. BPA is extensively used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. The widespread utilities of BPA include its use as internal coating for food and beverage cans, bottles, and food-packaging materials, and as a building block for countless goods of common use. BPA can be released into the environment and enter the human body at any stage during its production, or in the process of manufacture, use, or disposal of materials made from this chemical. While the general population is predominantly exposed to BPA through contaminated food and drinking water, non-dietary exposures through the respiratory system, integumentary system, and vertical transmission, as well as other routes of exposure, also exist. BPA is often classified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical as it can act as a xenoestrogen. Exposure to BPA has been associated with developmental, reproductive, cardiovascular, neurological, metabolic, or immune effects, as well as oncogenic effects. BPA can disrupt the synthesis or clearance of hormones by binding and interfering with biological receptors. BPA can also interact with key transcription factors to modulate regulation of gene expression. Over the past 17 years, an epigenetic mechanism of action for BPA has emerged. This article summarizes the current state of research on the epigenetic effects of BPA by analyzing the findings from various studies in model systems and human populations. It evaluates the weight of evidence on the ability of BPA to alter the epigenome, while also discussing the direction of future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Besaratinia
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, M/C 9603, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu M, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhan M, Qu W, He G, Zhou Y. Development of human dermal PBPK models for the bisphenols BPA, BPS, BPF, and BPAF with parallel-layered skin compartment: Basing on dermal administration studies in humans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161639. [PMID: 36649768 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Risk assessment of human exposure to bisphenols (BPs) including bisphenol A, S, F and AF (BPA, BPS, BPF and BPAF) have suggested that except for ingestion, health risk resulting from dermal contact is not negligible. However, the absorption kinetics of BPA substitutes in humans following dermal exposure have been poorly studied. This study aimed to address the knowledge gap in physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling of BPA and its high-concerned substitutes (BPS, BPF and BPAF) following dermal administration. Parallel-layered skin compartmental model for dermal absorption of BPs was for the first time proposed and human dermal administration studies were conducted to determine dermal bio-accessibility of BPS from thermal paper (TP) (n = 4), BPF (n = 4) and BPAF (n = 5) from personal care products (PCPs). Further, pharmacokinetics of BPS and its metabolites following human handling TP were investigated and the dermal PBPK models for BPA and BPS were validated using the available human biomonitoring data. Overall, 28.03 % ± 13.76 % of BPS in TP was transferred to fingers followed by absorption of 96.17 % ± 2.78 % of that. The dermal bio-accessibilities of BPs in PCPs were 31.65 % ± 2.90 % for BPF and 12.49 % ± 1.66 % for BPAF. Monte Carlo analysis indicated that 90 % of the predicted variability fell within one order of magnitude, which suggested that the developed PBPK models had medium uncertainty. Global sensitivity analysis revealed that the model uncertainty is mainly attributed to the variabilities of dermal absorption parameters. Compared with the previous models for BPs, the developed dermal PBPK models were capable of more accurate predictions of the internal dose metric in target organs following human dermal exposure to BPs via TP and PCPs routes. These results suggested that the developed human dermal PBPK models would provide an alternative tool for assessing the risk of human exposure to BPs through dermal absorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Hu
- School of Public Health/Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Pudong New Area Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Zhichun Zhang
- School of Public Health/Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Pudong New Area Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- School of Public Health/Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Pudong New Area Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Ming Zhan
- Pudong New Area Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Weidong Qu
- School of Public Health/Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- School of Public Health/Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Public Health/Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Pudong New Area Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200136, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Foreman AB, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, van Faassen M, Kema IP, Wolffenbuttel BH, Sauer PJJ, Bos AF, Berghuis SA. Urinary concentrations of bisphenols and parabens and their association with attention, hyperactivity and impulsivity at adolescence. Neurotoxicology 2023; 95:66-74. [PMID: 36649891 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurobehavioural disorder diagnoses have been increasing over the last decades, leading to heightened interest in the aetiological factors involved. Endocrine disrupting chemicals, such as parabens and bisphenols, have been suggested as one of those factors. It is unknown whether exposure during adolescence may affect neurobehavioural development. OBJECTIVE To determine whether urinary concentrations of parabens and bisphenols are associated with attention and concentration in adolescents, in general and sex-specific. METHODS We invited 188 adolescents (13-15 years old) for the follow-up birth cohort-study. Concentrations of five parabens and three bisphenols (BPA; BPF; BPS) were measured in morning urine after overnight fasting, using a validated LC-MS/MS method. Attention and concentration were assessed at the clinic with subtests of the Test of Everyday Attention in Children and the Dutch Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder questionnaire (AVL), the latter being filled in by parents. Linear regression analyses were performed, adjusting for urine creatinine concentrations and potential confounding factors. RESULTS 101 (54%) adolescents participated (46 girls; 55 boys). Urinary paraben concentrations were higher in girls than in boys. Methylparaben was positively associated with attention in girls (p ≤ .05; B= -2.836; 95%CI= -5.175;-.497), ethylparaben negatively with hyperactivity (p ≤ .05; B= -1.864; 95%CI= -3.587;-.141). Butylparaben was associated with more optimal scores on parent reported attention. Propylparaben was negatively associated with scores on sustained auditory attention in girls (p ≤ .10; B=.444; 95%CI= -.009;.896). Bisphenol concentrations were not associated with scores on attention and concentration after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSION In 13-15-year-old Dutch adolescents, urinary concentrations of methylparaben and ethylparaben were associated with better attention and less hyperactivity, whereas a trend toward significance was found between higher urinary propylparaben concentrations and poorer attention. Bisphenol concentrations were not associated with attention and concentration after adjusting for confounders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne B Foreman
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Beatrix Children's hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - Martijn van Faassen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Ido P Kema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Bruce Hr Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - Pieter J J Sauer
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Beatrix Children's hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Arend F Bos
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Beatrix Children's hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Sietske A Berghuis
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Beatrix Children's hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wiśniowska B, Linke S, Polak S, Bielecka Z, Luch A, Pirow R. Physiologically based modelling of dermal absorption and kinetics of consumer-relevant chemicals: A case study with exposure to bisphenol A from thermal paper. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 459:116357. [PMID: 36572228 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the best studied industrial chemicals in terms of exposure, toxicity, and toxicokinetics. This renders it an ideal candidate to exploit the recent advancements in physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling to support risk assessment of BPA specifically, and of other consumer-relevant hazardous chemicals in general. Using the exposure from thermal paper as a case scenario, this study employed the multi-phase multi-layer mechanistic dermal absorption (MPML MechDermA) model available in the Simcyp® Simulator to simulate the dermal toxicokinetics of BPA at local and systemic levels. Sensitivity analysis helped to identify physicochemical and physiological factors influencing the systemic exposure to BPA. The iterative modelling process was as follows: (i) development of compound files for BPA and its conjugates, (ii) setting-up of a PBPK model for intravenous administration, (iii) extension for oral administration, and (iv) extension for exposure via skin (i.e., hand) contact. A toxicokinetic study involving hand contact to BPA-containing paper was used for model refinement. Cumulative urinary excretion of total BPA had to be employed for dose reconstruction. PBPK model performance was verified using the observed serum BPA concentrations. The predicted distribution across the skin compartments revealed a depot of BPA in the stratum corneum (SC). These findings shed light on the role of the SC to act as temporary reservoir for lipophilic chemicals prior to systemic absorption, which inter alia is relevant for the interpretation of human biomonitoring data and for establishing the relationship between external and internal measures of exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wiśniowska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Susanne Linke
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Polak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; Simcyp Division, Certara UK Limited, Level 2-Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield S1 2BJ, UK.
| | - Zofia Bielecka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; Simcyp Division, Certara UK Limited, Level 2-Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield S1 2BJ, UK.
| | - Andreas Luch
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ralph Pirow
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shin MY, Choi JW, Lee S, Kim S, Kho Y, Choi K, Kim S. Pharmacokinetics of transdermal methyl-, ethyl-, and propylparaben in humans following single dermal administration. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136689. [PMID: 36220432 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are common chemicals used as preservatives in foods, cosmetics, and personal care products. Although transdermal exposure to parabens occurs, studies on human pharmacokinetics (PK) following dermal exposure to parabens are scarce. In this study, the PK following dermal exposure to parabens was determined and compared with our previous findings on oral exposure. A paraben mixture cream containing 0.8% deuterated methyl-, ethyl-, and propylparaben (MeP-d4 0.26%; EtP-d4 0.26%, and PrP-d4 0.28%) was dermally applied to the whole arm of five male volunteers at a dose of 24 g/person over 30 min. Blood and urine samples were collected at several intervals over the course of 48 h to measure the levels of MeP-d4, EtP-d4, and PrP-d4 and their conjugated metabolites using HPLC-MS/MS. As a result of non-compartmental analysis, the average peak values of total (sum of conjugated and unconjugated metabolites) MeP-d4, EtP-d4, and PrP-d4 were reached at 7.8 h, 10.5 h, and 5.3 h, indicating a slower absorption rate compared to that of oral exposure (<2 h). The terminal elimination half-lives of MeP-d4, EtP-d4, and PrP-d4 were 12.2 h, 12.0 h, and 9.3 h, respectively. Fractional urinary excretion (Fue) of total MeP-d4, EtP-d4, and PrP-d4 was 1.7%, 2.3%, and 1.9%, respectively. The Fue of total and unconjugated PrP-d4 following dermal exposure was five times lower and three times higher, respectively, compared with those after oral exposure, suggesting that PrP is relatively less metabolized to the conjugated form after dermal exposure. Taken together, dermal exposure to paraben leads to a longer apparent half-life and results in higher proportions of biologically active unconjugated parabens in the systemic circulation as compared to oral exposure. This study provides insights into the kinetic properties of parabens and their metabolites in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Yeon Shin
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Office of Dental Education, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Weon Choi
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seungho Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Sungmin Kim
- Department of Health, Environmental and Safety, School of Human and Environmental Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Younglim Kho
- Department of Health, Environmental and Safety, School of Human and Environmental Sciences, Eulji University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Graduated School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungkyoon Kim
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Graduated School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hua L, Liu W, Liu Y, Yang M, Wang B, Zhu H, Zhu L, Yao Y, Zhang Y, Zhao H. Occurrence and profile characteristics of environmental phenols in human urine from a rural area in Northwestern China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120405. [PMID: 36228842 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Many environmental phenols, such as bisphenols, benzophenones and parabens, are known as endocrine disruptors and can adversely affect human health. However, the knowledge of human exposure to common environmental phenols in Chinese rural areas is insufficient. In this context, 181 urine samples were collected from participants in a rural area in Northwest China and were analyzed for nine bisphenols, three benzophenones and four parabens. Bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S, benzophenone-1 (BP-1), benzophenone-3 (BP-3), 4-hydroxybenzophenone, methylparaben (MeP), ethylparaben and propylparaben (PrP) were detected in more than 50% of the urine samples, with median concentrations of 0.938 ng/mL, 0.0111 ng/mL, 0.191 ng/mL, 1.30 ng/mL, 0.0320 ng/mL, 25.9 ng/mL, 4.31 ng/mL and 1.94 ng/mL, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between BP-1 and BP-3, as well as between MeP and PrP, indicating metabolic transformation and combined use, respectively. The concentrations of MeP and PrP in females were significantly higher than those in males, suggesting that females were exposed to more MeP and PrP than males. Urinary concentrations of BPA, BP-3, MeP and PrP could be influenced by age. Other demographic information, such as annual household income, education and occupation was not associated with the exposure level of the targeted phenols in adults. The estimated daily intakes of the analytes except BPA were all below their respective tolerable/acceptable daily intake levels. This study profiles the demographic differences in the exposure to environmental phenols in general populations from rural areas and provides information on risk assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liting Hua
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Wu Liu
- Jingyuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baiyin, Gansu, 730699, China
| | - Yarui Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiming Yao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yuqin Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen Q, Yi S, Ye Q, Zhu Y, Zhong W, Zhu L. Insights into the Dermal Absorption, Deposition, and Elimination of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Rats: The Importance of Skin Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:16975-16984. [PMID: 36419387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Humans are frequently exposed to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) via direct skin contact with personal care and consumer products containing them. Here, we used a rat model to estimate the dermal penetration efficiency of 15 representative PFASs. After 144 h post-dosing, 4.1-18.0 and 5.3-15.1% of the applied PFASs in the low (L) and high (H) groups, respectively, were absorbed into the rats. PFAS absorption and permeation were parabolically associated with the perfluorinated carbon chain length (CF), peaking for perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA). The lipid-rich stratum corneum of the skin barrier substantially suppressed the penetration of less hydrophobic short-chain PFASs, whereas the water-rich viable epidermis and dermis served as obstacles to hydrophobic long-chain PFAS permeation. However, the renal clearance (CLrenal) of the target PFAS decreased with increasing CF, suggesting that urinary excretion is crucial to eliminate less hydrophobic short-chain PFASs. Notably, the peak times of PFASs in the systemic circulation of rats (8-72 h) were remarkably longer than those after oral administration (1-24 h). These results suggest that dermal penetration can be long-lasting and contribute considerably to the body burden of PFASs, especially for those with moderate hydrophobicity due to their favorable skin permeation and unfavorable urinary excretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, P. R. China
| | - Shujun Yi
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, P. R. China
| | - Yumin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, P. R. China
| | - Wenjue Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Deepika D, Sharma RP, Schuhmacher M, Sakhi AK, Thomsen C, Chatzi L, Vafeiadi M, Quentin J, Slama R, Grazuleviciene R, Andrušaitytė S, Waiblinger D, Wright J, Yang TC, Urquiza J, Vrijheid M, Casas M, Domingo JL, Kumar V. Unravelling sex-specific BPA toxicokinetics in children using a pediatric PBPK model. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114074. [PMID: 35995217 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely known endocrine disruptor (ED) found in many children's products such as toys, feeding utensils, and teething rings. Recent epidemiology association studies have shown postnatal BPA exposure resulted in developing various diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and neurodegeneration, etc., later in their lives. However, little is known about its sex-specific metabolism and consequently internal exposure. The aim of this study was to develop a sex-specific pediatric physiologically based pharmacokinetic model (PBPK) for BPA to compare their toxicokinetic differences. First, the published adult PBPK model was re-validated, and then this model was extended by interpolation to incorporate pediatric sex specific physiological and biochemical parameters. We used both the classical body weight and ontogeny-based scaling approach to interpolate the metabolic process. Then, the pharmacokinetic attributes of the models using the two-scaling approach mentioned above were compared with adult model. Further, a sex-specific PBPK model with an ontogeny scaling approach was preferred to evaluate the pharmacokinetic differences. Moreover, this model was used to reconstruct the BPA exposure from two cohorts (Helix and PBAT Cohort) from 7 EU countries. The half-life of BPA was found to be almost the same in boys and girls at the same exposure levels. Our model estimated BPA children's exposure to be about 1500 times higher than the tolerable daily intake (TDI) recently set by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) i.e., 0.04 ng/kg BW/day. The model demonstrated feasibility of extending the adult PBPK to sex-specific pediatric, thus investigate a gender-specific health risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Deepika
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament D' Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Raju Prasad Sharma
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament D' Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Schuhmacher
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament D' Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | | | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Joane Quentin
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology, IAB, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm, CNRS, CHU-Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Remy Slama
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology, IAB, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm, CNRS, CHU-Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Sandra Andrušaitytė
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dagmar Waiblinger
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Tiffany C Yang
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Jose Urquiza
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament D' Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain; IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bell KS, O’Shaughnessy KL. The development and function of the brain barriers - an overlooked consideration for chemical toxicity. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:1000212. [PMID: 36329715 PMCID: PMC9622783 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.1000212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the adult brain is protected from some infections and toxic molecules by the blood-brain and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers. Contrary to the immense data collected in other fields, it is deeply entrenched in environmental toxicology that xenobiotics easily permeate the developing brain because these barriers are either absent or non-functional in the fetus and newborn. Here we review the cellular and physiological makeup of the brain barrier systems in multiple species, and discuss decades of experiments that show they possess functionality during embryogenesis. We next present case studies of two chemical classes, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and bisphenols, and discuss their potential to bypass the brain barriers. While there is evidence to suggest these pollutants may enter the developing and/or adult brain parenchyma, many studies suffer from confounding technical variables which complicates data interpretation. In the future, a more formal consideration of brain barrier biology could not only improve understanding of chemical toxicokinetics but could assist in prioritizing environmental xenobiotics for their neurotoxicity risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiersten S. Bell
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Public Health Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States,Oak Ridge Institute for Science Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Katherine L. O’Shaughnessy
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Public Health Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States,*Correspondence: Katherine L. O’Shaughnessy,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ansari MI, Bano N, Kainat KM, Singh VK, Sharma PK. Bisphenol A exposure induces metastatic aggression in low metastatic MCF-7 cells via PGC-1α mediated mitochondrial biogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity. Life Sci 2022; 302:120649. [PMID: 35597549 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The frequency of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-positive breast cancers and their metastatic progression is prevalent in females globally. Aberrant interaction of estrogen-like endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is highly implicated in breast carcinogenesis. Studies have shown that single or acute exposures of weak EDCs such as bisphenol A (BPA) may not have a substantial pro-carcinogenic/metastatic effect. However, repeated exposure to EDCs is expected to strongly induce carcinogenic/metastatic progression, which remains to be studied. MAIN METHODS Low metastatic ERα-positive human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were exposed to nanomolar doses of BPA every 24 h (up to 200 days) to study the effect of repeated exposure on metastatic potential. Following the designated treatment of BPA, markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion, mitochondrial biogenesis, ATP levels, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) knockdown assays were performed. KEY FINDINGS A repeated exposure of low dose BPA induced stable epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in MCF-7 cells to augment migration and invasion in the ERα-dependent pathway. Repeated exposures of BPA increased the levels of several mesenchymal markers such as N-cadherin, vimentin, cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), slug, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), whereas reduced the level of E-cadherin drastically. BPA-induced mitochondrial biogenesis favored metastatic aggression by fulfilling bioenergetics demand via PGC-1α/NRF1/ERRα signaling. Knockdown of PGC-1α resulted in suppressing both mitochondrial biogenesis and EMT in BPA exposed MCF-7 cells. SIGNIFICANCE Repeated exposures of low dose BPA may induce metastatic aggression in ERα-positive breast cancer cells via PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Imran Ansari
- Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nuzhat Bano
- Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - K M Kainat
- Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vipendra Kumar Singh
- Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Sharma
- Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Validated single urinary assay designed for exposomic multi-class biomarkers of common environmental exposures. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:5943-5966. [PMID: 35754089 PMCID: PMC9326253 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies often call for analytical methods that use a small biospecimen volume to quantify trace level exposures to environmental chemical mixtures. Currently, as many as 150 polar metabolites of environmental chemicals have been found in urine. Therefore, we developed a multi-class method for quantitation of biomarkers in urine. A single sample preparation followed by three LC injections was optimized in a proof-of-approach for a multi-class method. The assay was validated to quantify 50 biomarkers of exposure in urine, belonging to 7 chemical classes and 16 sub-classes. The classes represent metabolites of 12 personal care and consumer product chemicals (PCPs), 5 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 5 organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), 18 pesticides, 5 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 4 tobacco alkaloids, and 1 drug of abuse. Human urine (0.2 mL) was spiked with isotope-labeled internal standards, enzymatically deconjugated, extracted by solid-phase extraction, and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The methanol eluate from the cleanup was split in half and the first half analyzed for PCPs, PAH, and OPFR on a Betasil C18 column; and pesticides and VOC on a Hypersil Gold AQ column. The second half was analyzed for tobacco smoke metabolites and a drug of abuse on a Synergi Polar RP column. Limits of detection ranged from 0.01 to 1.0 ng/mL of urine, with the majority ≤0.5 ng/mL (42/50). Analytical precision, estimated as relative standard deviation of intra- and inter-batch uncertainty, variabilities, was <20%. Extraction recoveries ranged from 83 to 109%. Results from the optimized multi-class method were qualified in formal international proficiency testing programs. Further method customization options were explored and method expansion was demonstrated by inclusion of up to 101 analytes of endo- and exogenous chemicals. This exposome-scale assay is being used for population studies with savings of assay costs and biospecimens, providing both quantitative results and the discovery of unexpected exposures.
Collapse
|
17
|
Vaccher V, Lopez ME, Castaño A, Mol H, Haji-Abbas-Zarrabi K, Bury D, Koch HM, Dvorakova D, Hajslova J, Nübler S, Kaur Sakhi A, Thomsen C, Vorkamp K, Göen T, Antignac JP. European interlaboratory comparison investigations (ICI) and external quality assurance schemes (EQUAS) for the analysis of bisphenol A, S and F in human urine: Results from the HBM4EU project. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 210:112933. [PMID: 35182598 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Human Biomonitoring for Europe initiative (HBM4EU) aims to study the exposure of citizens to chemicals and potentially associated health effects. One objective of this project has been to build a network of laboratories able to answer to the requirements of European human biomonitoring studies. Within the HBM4EU quality assurance and quality control scheme (QA/QC), a number of interlaboratory comparison investigations (ICIs) and external quality assurance schemes (EQUASs) were organized to ensure data consistency, comparability and reliability. Bisphenols are among the prioritized substance groups in HBM4EU, including bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) in human urine. In four rounds of ICI/EQUAS, two target concentration levels were considered, related to around P25 and P95 of the typical exposure distribution observed in the European general population. Special attention was paid to the conjugated phase II metabolites known to be most dominant in samples of environmentally exposed individuals, through the analysis of both native samples and samples fortified with glucuronide forms. For the low level, the average percentage of satisfactory results across the four rounds was 83% for BPA, 71% for BPS and 62% for BPF. For the high level, the percentages of satisfactory results increased to 93% for BPA, 89% for BPS and 86% for BPF. 24 out of 32 participating laboratories (75%) were approved for the analyses of BPA in the HBM4EU project according to the defined criterion of Z-scores for both low and high concentration levels in at least two ICI/EQUAS rounds. For BPS and BPF, the number of qualified laboratories was 18 out of 27 (67%) and 13 out of 28 (46%), respectively. These results demonstrate a strong analytical capability for BPA and BPS in Europe, while improvements may be needed for BPF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Vaccher
- Oniris, INRAE, UMR 1329, Laboratoire d'Étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), F-44307, Nantes, France
| | - Marta Esteban Lopez
- National Center for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda a Pozuelo km 2,2, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Argelia Castaño
- National Center for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda a Pozuelo km 2,2, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hans Mol
- Wageningen Food Safety Research - part of, Wageningen University and Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, WB, 6708, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Karin Haji-Abbas-Zarrabi
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Bury
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Holger M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Darina Dvorakova
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technicka 5, 16000, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hajslova
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technicka 5, 16000, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stefanie Nübler
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Amrit Kaur Sakhi
- Section for Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Thomsen
- Section for Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katrin Vorkamp
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas Göen
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Antignac
- Oniris, INRAE, UMR 1329, Laboratoire d'Étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), F-44307, Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mehlsen A, Høllund L, Boye H, Frederiksen H, Andersson AM, Bruun S, Husby S, Jensen TK, Timmermann CAG. Pregnancy exposure to bisphenol A and duration of breastfeeding. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 206:112471. [PMID: 34861228 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bisphenol A (BPA) is frequently used in the production of plastics. It is an endocrine disruptor, and BPA exposure in mice has been associated with reduced offspring growth due to insufficient milk production. However, human studies of associations between BPA exposure and duration of breastfeeding are sparse. METHODS Pregnant women from the Odense Child Cohort (n = 725) donated a third trimester morning urine sample, which was analyzed for BPA by LC-MS/MS. Information about duration of exclusive and any breastfeeding was obtained through questionnaires three and 18 months postpartum, and a subgroup of women responded to weekly text messages about breastfeeding. Associations between pregnancy BPA exposure and duration of breastfeeding were analyzed using Cox regression adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS The median urine BPA concentration was 1.29 ng/mL. Compared to women within the lowest tertile of BPA exposure, women in the second and third tertile were slightly more likely to terminate breastfeeding at any given time; HRs (95% CI) were 1.05 (0.87; 1.26) and 1.06 (0.89; 1.27), respectively, and to terminate exclusive breastfeeding at any time up to 20 weeks after birth, HRs (95% CI) were 1.07 (0.88; 1.28) and 1.06 (0.88; 1.27), respectively. However, confidence intervals were also compatible with no effect or even a protective effect. DISCUSSION This study indicated that high BPA exposure in pregnancy was associated with shorter duration of breastfeeding. Although our findings were not statistically significant, all estimates were above one suggesting increased risk of early breastfeeding termination with high exposure. Using a single spot morning urine sample to measure BPA has likely caused imprecision as it might not adequately reflect long term exposure. Future studies should consider measuring BPA more than once, including other timepoints during pregnancy and after birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnethe Mehlsen
- Research Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Lærke Høllund
- Research Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Henriette Boye
- Odense Child Cohort, Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; The International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark; The International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Bruun
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern, Denmark; Strategic Business Unit Pediatric, Arla Foods Ingredients Group P/S, Denmark
| | - Steffen Husby
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern, Denmark
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Research Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; Odense Child Cohort, Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Open Patient Data Exploratory Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Clara Amalie Gade Timmermann
- Research Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dias P, Tvdrý V, Jirkovský E, Dolenc MS, Peterlin Mašič L, Mladěnka P. The effects of bisphenols on the cardiovascular system. Crit Rev Toxicol 2022; 52:66-87. [PMID: 35394415 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2022.2046690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenols, endocrine disrupting chemicals, have frequently been used for producing food packaging materials. The best-known member, bisphenol A (BPA), has been linked to impaired foetal development in animals. Possible negative effects of BPA on human health have resulted in the production of novel, so-called next-generation (NextGen) bisphenols whose effects on humans are much less explored or even missing. This review aimed to summarise and critically assess the main findings and shortages in current bisphenol research in relation to their potential impact on the cardiovascular system in real biological exposure. Because of the common presence of bisphenols in daily use products, humans are clearly exposed to these compounds. Most data are available on BPA, where total serum levels (i.e. included conjugated metabolite) can reach up to ∼430 nM, while free bisphenol levels have been reported up to ∼80 nM. Limited data are available for other bisphenols, but maximal serum levels of bisphenol S have been reported (680 nM). Such levels seem to be negligible, although in vitro studies have showed effects on ion channels, and thyroid, oestrogenic and androgenic receptors in low micromolar concentrations. Ex vivo studies suggest vasodilatory effects of bisphenols. This stays in clear contrast to the elevation of arterial blood pressure documented in vivo and in observatory cross-sectional human studies. Bisphenols are also claimed to have a negative effect on lipidic spectrum and coronary artery disease. Regardless, the reported data are generally inconsistent and unsatisfactory. Hence novel well-designed studies, testing in particular NextGen bisphenols, are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Dias
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Tvdrý
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Eduard Jirkovský
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Denuzière A, Ghersi-Egea JF. Cerebral concentration and toxicity of endocrine disrupting chemicals: The implication of blood-brain interfaces. Neurotoxicology 2022; 91:100-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
21
|
Mohamed Noor SH, Othman MHD, Khongnakorn W, Sinsamphanh O, Abdullah H, Puteh MH, Kurniawan TA, Zakria HS, El-badawy T, Ismail AF, Rahman MA, Jaafar J. Bisphenol A Removal Using Visible Light Driven Cu2O/PVDF Photocatalytic Dual Layer Hollow Fiber Membrane. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020208. [PMID: 35207130 PMCID: PMC8877201 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is amongst the endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) that cause illness to humans and in this work was removed using copper (I) oxide (Cu2O) visible light photocatalyst which has a narrow bandgap of 2.2 eV. This was done by embedding Cu2O into polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes to generate a Cu2O/PVDF dual layer hollow fiber (DLHF) membrane using a co-extrusion technique. The initial ratio of 0.25 Cu2O/PVDF was used to study variation of the outer dope extrusion flowrate for 3 mL/min, 6 mL/min and 9 mL/min. Subsequently, the best flowrate was used to vary Cu2O/PVDF for 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 with fixed outer dope extrusion flowrate. Under visible light irradiation, 10 mg/L of BPA was used to assess the membranes performance. The results show that the outer and inner layers of the membrane have finger-like structures, whereas the intermediate section of the membrane has a sponge-like structure. With high porosity up to 63.13%, the membrane is hydrophilic and exhibited high flux up to 13,891 L/m2h. The optimum photocatalytic membrane configuration is 0.50 Cu2O/PVDF DLHF membrane with 6 mL/min outer dope flowrate, which was able to remove 75% of 10 ppm BPA under visible light irradiation without copper leaching into the water sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Hawa Mohamed Noor
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (S.H.M.N.); (M.H.P.); (H.S.Z.); (T.E.-b.); (A.F.I.); (M.A.R.); (J.J.)
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (S.H.M.N.); (M.H.P.); (H.S.Z.); (T.E.-b.); (A.F.I.); (M.A.R.); (J.J.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Watsa Khongnakorn
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Oulavanh Sinsamphanh
- Faculty of Environmental Science, Dongdok Campus, National University of Laos, Xaythany District, Vientiane 01080, Laos;
| | - Huda Abdullah
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, The National University of Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Hafiz Puteh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (S.H.M.N.); (M.H.P.); (H.S.Z.); (T.E.-b.); (A.F.I.); (M.A.R.); (J.J.)
- School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - Hazirah Syahirah Zakria
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (S.H.M.N.); (M.H.P.); (H.S.Z.); (T.E.-b.); (A.F.I.); (M.A.R.); (J.J.)
| | - Tijjani El-badawy
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (S.H.M.N.); (M.H.P.); (H.S.Z.); (T.E.-b.); (A.F.I.); (M.A.R.); (J.J.)
| | - Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (S.H.M.N.); (M.H.P.); (H.S.Z.); (T.E.-b.); (A.F.I.); (M.A.R.); (J.J.)
| | - Mukhlis A. Rahman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (S.H.M.N.); (M.H.P.); (H.S.Z.); (T.E.-b.); (A.F.I.); (M.A.R.); (J.J.)
| | - Juhana Jaafar
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia; (S.H.M.N.); (M.H.P.); (H.S.Z.); (T.E.-b.); (A.F.I.); (M.A.R.); (J.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ješeta M, Navrátilová J, Franzová K, Fialková S, Kempisty B, Ventruba P, Žáková J, Crha I. Overview of the Mechanisms of Action of Selected Bisphenols and Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals on the Male Reproductive Axes. Front Genet 2021; 12:692897. [PMID: 34646297 PMCID: PMC8502804 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.692897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Male fertility has been deteriorating worldwide for considerable time, with the greatest deterioration recorded mainly in the United States, Europe countries, and Australia. That is, especially in countries where an abundance of chemicals called endocrine disruptors has repeatedly been reported, both in the environment and in human matrices. Human exposure to persistent and non-persistent chemicals is ubiquitous and associated with endocrine-disrupting effects. This group of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) can act as agonists or antagonists of hormone receptors and can thus significantly affect a number of physiological processes. It can even negatively affect human reproduction with an impact on the development of gonads and gametogenesis, fertilization, and the subsequent development of embryos. The negative effects of endocrine disruptors on sperm gametogenesis and male fertility in general have been investigated and repeatedly demonstrated in experimental and epidemiological studies. Male reproduction is affected by endocrine disruptors via their effect on testicular development, impact on estrogen and androgen receptors, potential epigenetic effect, production of reactive oxygen species or direct effect on spermatozoa and other cells of testicular tissue. Emerging scientific evidence suggests that the increasing incidence of male infertility is associated with the exposure to persistent and non-persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as bisphenols and perfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFAS). These chemicals may impact men’s fertility through various mechanisms. This study provides an overview of the mechanisms of action common to persistent (PFAS) and nonpersistent (bisphenols) EDC on male fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Ješeta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jana Navrátilová
- RECETOX Centre, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Franzová
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Sandra Fialková
- RECETOX Centre, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Bartozs Kempisty
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland.,Prestage Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Pavel Ventruba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jana Žáková
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Igor Crha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gao Q, Niu Y, Wang B, Liu J, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Shao B. Estimation of lactating mothers' daily intakes of bisphenol A using breast milk. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117545. [PMID: 34438484 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Breast milk is a unique biological sample that reflects the exposure levels of both lactating mothers and infants. The exposure levels of BPA due to breast milk consumption for infants can be estimated easily, but the method to estimate the total daily intake (TDI) of lactating mothers from breast milk has not yet been established. In this study, BPA concentrations were detected in breast milk samples from 149 lactating mothers from Hunan, China. The median concentration of BPA in breast milk was 0.053 μg/L with a range of 0.001-2.535 μg/L, and a temporal decline trend was found for BPA concentrations in breast milk (p < 0.05). The median intake of BPA via breast milk was 26.8 ng/kg bw/day for 0-3-month-old infants and 7.0 ng/kg bw/day for 4-12-month-old infants. Based on the predicted concentrations of BPA in urine and blood via the conversion coefficients from breast milk, the TDIs of lactating mothers were estimated. The TDIs estimated from the simulated urine concentration were 84.0 ± 175.2 ng/kg bw/day for 0-3-month-old infants' mothers and 36.9 ± 80.8 ng/kg bw/day for 4-12-month-old infants' mothers. The dietary daily intakes estimated from the simulated blood concentration were 579.6 ± 370.8 ng/kg bw/day for 0-3-month-old infants' mothers and 280.1 ± 195.2 ng/kg bw/day for 4-12-month-old infants' mothers. When assuming the dietary daily intakes in Hunan of the fifth total diet study (TDS) as the "true" total dietary intake of our population, the contribution of diet was estimated to be 63.7%, which suggested that non-dietary BPA exposure may be underestimated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yumin Niu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Comprehensive Test Center, Beijing, 100123, China
| | - Jiaying Liu
- Department of Nurition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ougier E, Zeman F, Antignac JP, Rousselle C, Lange R, Kolossa-Gehring M, Apel P. Human biomonitoring initiative (HBM4EU): Human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GVs) derived for bisphenol A. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 154:106563. [PMID: 33894553 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The "European Human Biomonitoring Initiative" (HBM4EU) derives human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GVs) for the general population (HBM-GVGenPop) and/or for occupationally exposed adults (HBM-GVWorker) for several priority substances and substance groups as identified by policy makers, scientists and stakeholders at EU and national level, including bisphenol A (BPA). Human exposure to BPA is widespread and of particular concern because of its known endocrine-disrupting properties. Unlike the conjugated forms of BPA circulating in the body, free BPA is known to interact with the nuclear estrogen receptors. Because free BPA is considered to be more toxicologically active than the conjugated forms (e.g. BPA-glucuronide (BPA-G) and BPA-sulfate (BPA-S)), its measurement in blood provides the superior surrogate of the biologically effective dose. However, considering the difficulty of implementing blood sampling in large HBM cohorts, as well as the current analytical capacities complying with the quality assurance (QA)/quality control (QC) schemes, total BPA in urine (i.e. the sum of free and conjugated forms of BPA measured after an hydrolysis of phase II metabolites) was retained as the relevant exposure biomarker for BPA. HBM-GVGenPop for total BPA in urine of 230 µg/L and 135 µg/L for adults and children, respectively, were developed on the basis of toxicological data. To derive these values, the concentrations of urinary total BPA consistent with a steady-state exposure to the temporary Tolerable Daily Intake (t-TDI) of 4 µg/kg bw/day set in 2015 by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) were estimated. The BPA human physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model developed by Karrer et al. (2018) was used, assuming an oral exposure to BPA at the t-TDI level averaged over 24 h. Dermal uptake of BPA is suspected to contribute substantially to the total BPA body burden, which in comparison with the oral route, is generating a higher ratio of free BPA to total BPA in blood. Therefore, an alternative approach for calculating the HBM-GVGenPop according to the estimated relative contributions of both the oral and dermal routes to the global BPA exposure is also discussed. Regarding BPA exposure at the workplace, the steady-state concentration of urinary total BPA was estimated after a dermal uptake of BPA that would generate the same concentration of free BPA in plasma (considered as the bioactive form) as would a 24 h-averaged intake to the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)'s oral DNEL of 8 µg BPA/kg bw/day set for workers. The predicted concentration of urinary total BPA at steady-state is equivalent to, or exceeds the 95th percentile of total BPA in urine measured in different European HBM studies conducted in the general population. Thus, no HBM-GVWorker was proposed, as the high background level of BPA coming from environmental exposure - mostly through food intake - is making the discrimination with the occupational exposure to BPA difficult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ougier
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses), 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94701 Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France.
| | - Florence Zeman
- French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Parc ALATA BP2, 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | | | - Christophe Rousselle
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses), 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94701 Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France
| | - Rosa Lange
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Corrensplatz 1, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Petra Apel
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Corrensplatz 1, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Holmes R, Ma J, Andra SS, Wang HS. Effect of Common Consumer Washing Methods on Bisphenol A Release in Tritan Drinking Bottles. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130355. [PMID: 34381285 PMCID: PMC8351615 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA)-free plastic products are widely available. Transient BPA release has been reported in Tritan drinking bottles. This study assessed the effectiveness of common consumer washing methods in removing BPA contamination in Tritan bottles using both ELISA and HPLC-MS/MS assays. BPA release was detected in 2 out of 10 kinds of Tritan drinking bottles tested. Average BPA level was 0.493 μg/L in water samples from a type of Tritan kid drinking bottle following 24-hour incubation at room temperature, corresponding to a release rate of 0.015 ng/cm2/h. Of the common consumer cleaning methods identified in an informal survey, dishwashing was the most effective method that significantly reduced, even eliminated BPA release from the tested BPA-positive Tritan bottles, while rinsing with water and handwashing with soap and water were ineffective. The bioactivity of the leached BPA was confirmed using a rodent cardiac myocyte acute exposure model and an invertebrate 7-day exposure model. The BPA release is possibly the result of surface contamination in the manufacturing process. As a case study, our result may be informative for general consumer practice and for better quality control by the manufactures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Holmes
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jianyong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Syam S. Andra
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| |
Collapse
|