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Li J, Liu Q, Tian Z, Wang J, Zhang Y, Cheng X, Wang Y, Wang H, Guo X, Li H, Sun L, Hu B, Zhang D, Liang C, Sheng J, Tao F, Chen G, Yang L. The interaction between physical activity and ambient particulate matters on cognitive function among Chinese community-dwelling older adults. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:391-400. [PMID: 39029694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between physical activity (PA) and ambient particulate matters (PMs) on cognition is rarely investigated. Our study aimed to assess the interactions of PA and PMs on cognitive function in older adults. METHODS Our study comprised 3937 Chinese community-dwelling older adults. Cognition was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination. PA information was gathered using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The data of PMs were obtained from China High Air Pollutants (CHAP). Linear regressions model and interaction plots were applied to assess and visualize the interaction of PA and PMs on cognition, respectively. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) method was employed to visualize discernible thresholds for the interaction. RESULTS PMs were negatively associated with MMSE scores (PM1: β = -0.40, 95 % CI: -0.58, -0.28; PM2.5: β = -0.46, 95 % CI: -0.64, -0.29; PM10: β = -0.44, 95 % CI: -0.61, -0.26), and PA was positively affiliated with MMSE scores (β = 0.18, 95 % CI: -0.01, 0.38). Interaction plots and BKMR demonstrated that adverse connotations of PMs with MMSE increased with the elevated PA levels, and the positive associations of PA with MMSE scores were attenuated by increased PMs (all Pinteraction < 0.20). Discernible thresholds for the interaction between PMs and PA on MMSE were found. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that PA should not be taken at higher PMs concentrations, and that low level of PA could be performed in PMs polluted environment to improve cognitive function. Further experimental and cohort researches are required to reproduce our discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhe Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ziwei Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xuqiu Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xianwei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huaibiao Li
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Scientific Research Center in Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Guimei Chen
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Linsheng Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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Zhang Y, Fu Y, Guan X, Wang C, Fu M, Xiao Y, Hong S, Zhou Y, Liu C, Zhong G, Wu T, You Y, Zhao H, Chen S, Wang Y, Guo H. Associations of ambient air pollution exposure and lifestyle factors with incident dementia in the elderly: A prospective study in the UK Biobank. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108870. [PMID: 38972114 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dementia is an important disease burden among the elderly, and its occurrence may be profoundly affected by environmental factors. Evidence of the relationship between air pollution and dementia is emerging, but the extent to which this can be offset by lifestyle factors remains ambiguous. METHODS This study comprised 155,828 elder adults aged 60 years and above in the UK Biobank who were dementia-free at baseline. Cox proportional hazard models were conducted to examine the associations of annual average levels of air pollutants in 2010, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOX), particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10, and PMcoarse) and lifestyle factors recorded at baseline [physical activity (PA), sleep patterns, or smoking status] with incident risk of dementia, and their interactions on both multiplicative and additive scales. RESULTS During a 12-year period of follow-up, 4,389 incidents of all-cause dementia were identified. For each standarddeviationincrease in ambient NO2, NOX or PM2.5, all-cause dementia risk increases by 1.07-fold [hazard ratio (HR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.07 (1.04, 1.10)], 1.05-fold (95 % CI: 1.02, 1.08) and 1.07-fold (95 % CI: 1.04, 1.10), whereas low levels of PA, poor sleep patterns, and smoking are associated with an elevated risk of dementia [HR (95 % CI) = 1.17 (1.09, 1.26), 1.13 (1.00, 1.27), and 1.14 (1.07, 1.21), respectively]. Furthermore, these air pollutants show joint effects with low PA, poor sleep patterns, and smoking on the onset of dementia. The moderate to high levels of PA could significantly or marginally significantly modify the associations between NO2, NOX or PM2.5 (P-int = 0.067, 0.036, and 0.067, respectively) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but no significant modification effects are found for sleep patterns or smoking status. CONCLUSION The increased exposures of NO2, NOX, or PM2.5 are associated with elevated risk of dementia among elderly UK Biobank population. These air pollutants take joint effects with low PA, poor sleep patterns, and smoking on the development of dementia. In addition, moderate to high levels of PA could attenuate the incident risk of AD caused by air pollution. Further prospective researches among other cohort populations are warranted to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichi Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ye Fu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chenming Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Fu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Shiru Hong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chenliang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Guorong Zhong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Tianhao Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yingqian You
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Shengli Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment & Health, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
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Saha S, Das P, Das T, Das P, Roy TB. A study about the impact of indoor air pollution on cognitive function among middle-aged and older adult people in India. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:57. [PMID: 38664719 PMCID: PMC11044570 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the 21st century, people still use solid fuel for cooking at home, resulting in poor indoor air quality. Prolonged exposure to such conditions may negatively affect one's cognitive function. So, the present study examines the possible association between IAP and the cognitive function of individuals aged 45 years or above in India. METHODS The study utilizes secondary data, procured from the longitudinal ageing study in India (2017-18). Treatment effects through regression-adjusted models were applied to represent the association between IAP and cognitive health and the results are represented by beta coefficient (β). Three separate models with a 95% confidence interval adjusting with the other factors like housing environment, individual and behavioural were framed. RESULTS The study revealed that households without a separate kitchen (β = -0.64; 95%CI: -0.90 to -0.39) and electricity (β = -0.97; 95%CI: -1.34 to -0.61) significantly affect cognitive strength. Cognitive decline is likely more pronounced among older adults (β = -1.19; 95%CI: -1.42 to -0.96) than the middle-aged population. Moreover, the cognitive ability of rural residents (β = -1.11; 95%CI: -1.49 to -0.73) and women (β = -2.05; 95%CI: -2.29 to -1.81) is negatively associated with IAP exposure. Older adults with no reading habits (β = -6.28; 95%CI: -6.72; to -5.85) and physical inactivity (β = -0.96; 95%CI: -1.22 to -0.70) had a sign of notable decline in cognitive ability. CONCLUSIONS Findings revealed that cognitive function is negatively associated with IAP, demanding a deep intervention plan to minimize the detrimental effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadeep Saha
- Department of Geography, Raiganj University, Uttar Dinajpur, Raiganj, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Priya Das
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, 732101, India
| | - Tanu Das
- Department of Geography, Raiganj University, Uttar Dinajpur, Raiganj, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Partha Das
- Department of Geography, Raiganj University, Uttar Dinajpur, Raiganj, West Bengal, 733134, India
| | - Tamal Basu Roy
- Department of Geography, Raiganj University, Uttar Dinajpur, Raiganj, West Bengal, 733134, India.
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Gui Z, Ji W, Wang Y, Li J, Cheng Y, Li L, Dong G, Yang B, Zhou Y. Severer air pollution, poorer cognitive function: Findings from 176,345 elders in Northwestern China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:116008. [PMID: 38266358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited evidence exists regarding the link between air pollution exposure and cognitive function in developing countries, particularly in areas with abundant natural sources of particulate matter. OBJECTIVES To investigate this association in a large representative sample of the elderly in northwestern China. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study among 176,345 participants aged 60-100 years in northwestern China in 2020. A satellite-based spatiotemporal model was applied to assess three-year annual averages of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), ≤ 10 µm (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) at residential address. Poor cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess associations. RESULTS Compared with participants with the lowest quartiles of PM2.5, PM10, and O3 levels, those with the second, third, and highest quartiles of air pollutants consistently showed increased odds of poor cognitive function and decreased MMSE scores. The odds ratios of poor cognitive function associated with a 10 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5, PM10, and O3 were 1.26 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.17, 1.36), 1.06 (95 %CI: 1.04, 1.08), and 2.76 (95 %CI: 2.11, 3.62), respectively. Subgroup analyses suggested stronger associations between air pollution exposures and poor cognitive function among participants who were younger, were non-Uyghur and were physically active. CONCLUSION Long-term exposures to PM2.5, PM10 and O3 were associated with poor cognitive function in elders. Our results suggest that reducing air pollution may alleviate the burden of poor cognitive function in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohuan Gui
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Ji
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yushan Wang
- Center of Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinlin Cheng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Boyi Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yi Zhou
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Yao Y, Schneider A, Wolf K, Zhang S, Wang-Sattler R, Peters A, Breitner S. Longitudinal associations between metabolites and immediate, short- and medium-term exposure to ambient air pollution: Results from the KORA cohort study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165780. [PMID: 37495154 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-term exposure to air pollution has been reported to be associated with cardiopulmonary diseases, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate changes in serum metabolites associated with immediate, short- and medium-term exposures to ambient air pollution. METHODS We used data from the German population-based Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) S4 survey (1999-2001) and two follow-up examinations (F4: 2006-08 and FF4: 2013-14). Mass-spectrometry-based targeted metabolomics was used to quantify metabolites among serum samples. Only participants with repeated metabolites measurements were included in this analysis. We collected daily averages of fine particles (PM2.5), coarse particles (PMcoarse), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) at urban background monitors located in Augsburg, Germany. Covariate-adjusted generalized additive mixed-effects models were used to examine the associations between immediate (2-day average of same day and previous day as individual's blood withdrawal), short- (2-week moving average), and medium-term exposures (8-week moving average) to air pollution and metabolites. We further performed pathway analysis for the metabolites significantly associated with air pollutants in each exposure window. RESULTS Of 9,620 observations from 4,261 study participants, we included 5,772 (60.0%) observations from 2,583 (60.6%) participants in this analysis. Out of 108 metabolites that passed quality control, multiple significant associations between metabolites and air pollutants with several exposure windows were identified at a Bonferroni corrected p-value threshold (p < 3.9 × 10-5). We found the highest number of associations for NO2, particularly at the medium-term exposure windows. Among the identified metabolic pathways based on the metabolites significantly associated with air pollutants, the glycerophospholipid metabolism was the most robust pathway in different air pollutants exposures. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that short- and medium-term exposure to air pollution might induce alterations of serum metabolites, particularly in metabolites involved in metabolic pathways related to inflammatory response and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueli Yao
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Faculty of Medicine, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Schneider
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rui Wang-Sattler
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Faculty of Medicine, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Breitner
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Faculty of Medicine, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Liu J, You Y, Liu R, Shen L, Wang D, Li X, Min L, Yin J, Zhang D, Ma X, Di Q. The joint effect and hemodynamic mechanism of PA and PM 2.5 exposure on cognitive function: A randomized controlled trial study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132415. [PMID: 37657321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While PM2.5 has been shown to impair cognitive function, physical activity (PA) is known to enhance it. Nonetheless, considering the increased inhalation of PM2.5 during exercise, the potential of PA to counteract the detrimental effects of PM2.5, along with the underlying hemodynamic mechanisms, remains uncertain. METHODS We conducted a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial among healthy young adults in Beijing, China. Ninety-three participants were randomly allocated to groups experiencing different intensities of PA interventions, and either subjected to purified or unpurified air conditions. Cognitive function was measured by the Color-Word Matching Stroop task, and the hemodynamic response was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy during participants performed the Stroop task both before and after the intervention. Linear mixed-effect models were used to estimate the impact of PA and PM2.5 on cognitive function and hemodynamic response. RESULTS The reaction time for congruent and incongruent Stroop tasks improved by - 80.714 (95% CI: -136.733, -24.695) and - 105.843 (95% CI: -188.6, -23.085) milliseconds after high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention. PM2.5 and HIIT had interaction effects on cognition, such that every 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 attenuated the benefits of HIIT on reaction time by 2.231 (95% CI: 0.523, 3.938) and 3.305 (95% CI: 0.791, 5.819) milliseconds for congruent and incongruent Stroop tasks. Moreover, we divided participants into high and low PM2.5 exposure groups based on average PM2.5 concentration (32.980 μg/m3), and found that HIIT intervention in high PM2.5 concentration led to 69.897 (95% CI: 9.317, 130.476) and 99.269 (95% CI: 10.054, 188.485) milliseconds increased in the reaction time of congruent and incongruent Stroop, compared with the control group among low PM2.5. Furthermore, we found a significant interaction effects of PM2.5 and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (DLPFC). PM2.5 and HIIT had a significant interaction effect on the DLPFC. CONCLUSIONS HIIT improved cognitive function, but the cognitive benefits of HIIT were attenuated or even reversed under high PM2.5 exposure. The activation of the DLPFC and MFG could serve as hemodynamic mechanisms to explain the joint effect of PA and PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiu Liu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yanwei You
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ruidong Liu
- Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dizhi Wang
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xingtian Li
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Leizi Min
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Qian Di
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Wang Y, Crowe M, Knibbs LD, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M, Mygind L, Kerr JA, Wake M, Olsson CA, Enticott PG, Peters RL, Daraganova G, Mavoa S, Lycett K. Greenness modifies the association between ambient air pollution and cognitive function in Australian adolescents, but not in mid-life adults. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 324:121329. [PMID: 36822308 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with reduced cognitive function in childhood and later life, with too few mid-life studies to draw conclusions. In contrast, residential greenness has been associated with enhanced cognitive function throughout the lifecourse. Here we examine the extent to which (1) ambient air pollution and residential greenness predict later cognitive function in adolescence and mid-life, and (2) greenness modifies air pollution-cognitive function associations. PARTICIPANTS 6220 adolescents (51% male) and 2623 mid-life adults (96% mothers) from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. MEASURES Exposures: Annual average particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and greenness (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index) for residential addresses from validated land-use regression models over a 10-13-year period. OUTCOMES Cognitive function from CogState tests of attention, working memory and executive function, dichotomised into poorer (worst quartile) versus not poor. ANALYSES Adjusted mixed-effects generalised linear models with residential greenness assessed as an effect modifier (high vs. low divided at median). The annual mean for PM2.5 and NO2 across exposure windows was 6.3-6.8 μg/m3, and 5.5-7.1 ppb, respectively. For adolescents, an IQR increment of NO2 was associated with 19-24% increased odds of having poorer executive function across all time windows, while associations weren't observed between air pollution and other outcomes. For adults, high NO2 predicted poorer cognitive function across all outcomes, while high PM2.5 predicted poorer attention only. There was little evidence of associations between greenness and cognitive function in adjusted models for both generations. Interactions were found between residential greenness, air pollutants and cognitive function in adolescents, but not adults. The magnitude of effects was similar across generations and exposure windows. Findings highlight the potential benefits of cognitive health associated with the regulation of air pollution and urban planning strategies for increasing green spaces and vegetation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Wang
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia; Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Mallery Crowe
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Luke D Knibbs
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia; Public Health Unit, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Lærke Mygind
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia; Unit of Medical Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 1353, Denmark; Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, 2000, Denmark
| | - Jessica A Kerr
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia; Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Melissa Wake
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia; Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Craig A Olsson
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia; Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia; Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter G Enticott
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Rachel L Peters
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia; Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Galina Daraganova
- Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia; Business Intelligence, South Eastern Melbourne Primary Health Network, Melbourne, VIC, 3202, Australia
| | - Suzanne Mavoa
- Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia; Environmental Public Health Branch, Environment Protection Authority Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Kate Lycett
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia; Population Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
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Sun X, Liu C, Ji H, Li W, Miao M, Yuan W, Yuan Z, Liang H, Kan H. Prenatal exposure to ambient PM 2.5 and its chemical constituents and child intelligence quotient at 6 years of age. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114813. [PMID: 36948012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There are limited studies on the associations between prenatal exposure to constituents of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and children's intelligence quotient (IQ). Our study aimed to explore the associations between prenatal PM2.5 and its six constituents and the IQ levels of 6-year-old children. We included 512 mother-child pairs. We used a satellite-based modelling framework to estimate prenatal PM2.5 and its six constituents (ammonium, sulfate, nitrate, organic carbon, soil dust, and black carbon). We assessed the children's IQ using the short form of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI), Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI), and Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) scores were computed. The multiple informant model (MIM) was applied to explore the trimester specific effects of PM2.5 and its six constituents' exposure on children's PRI, VCI, and FSIQ. To examine whether the duration of breastfeeding and physical activity (PA) could modify the effects of PM2.5 on children's IQ, we stratified the analyses according to the duration of breastfeeding (≤6 and >6 months) and time of outdoor activities after school (≤2 and >2 h/week). The first trimester PM2.5 and its five constituents' exposures were inversely associated with FSIQ [β = -1.34, 95 % confidence interval [CI] (-2.71, 0.04) for PM2.5] and PRI [β = -2.18, 95 %CI (-3.80, -0.57) for PM2.5] in children. The associations were magnified among boys and those with less outdoor activities or shorter breastfeeding duration. Our results indicate that prenatal PM2.5 and several of its main constituents' exposure may disrupt cognitive development in children aged 6 years. More PA and longer breastfeeding duration may alleviate the detrimental effects of prenatal PM2.5 exposure on children's cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Sun
- NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Honglei Ji
- NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Li
- NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maohua Miao
- NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengwei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong Liang
- NHC Key Lab. Of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xu T, Ye X, Lu X, Lan G, Xie M, Huang Z, Wang T, Wu J, Zhan Z, Xie X. Association between solid cooking fuel and cognitive decline: Three nationwide cohort studies in middle-aged and older population. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107803. [PMID: 36805161 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household solid-fuel burning contributes to indoor air pollution and is linked to poor cognitive function, but how solid cooking fuel use leads to cognitive decline over time is not well elaborated. OBJECTIVE We examine the associations of solid cooking fuel with cognitive function among three nationally representative cohorts. METHODS This study uses data from the 2010-2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), the 2011-2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the 2003-2015 Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) in adults over the age of 50. Time varying Cox model was conducted to measure the association between cooking fuel types and cognitive decline. Mediation analysis was used to estimate the potential mediation effects on the associations of cooking fuel types with cognitive decline risk. RESULTS Respondents in CFPS, CHARLS, and MHAS relied on solid cooking fuel at baseline approximately 56 %, 51 %, and 12 %, respectively. Using solid fuel was consistently associated with higher risk of cognitive decline in three cohorts (CFPS: HR = 1.300 [95 % CI: 1.201, 1.407], CHARLS: HR = 1.179 [95 % CI: 1.059, 1.312], MHAS: HR = 1.237 [95 % CI: 1.123, 1.362]). Compared to those with persistent solid fuel, persistent clean fuel and change from solid fuel to clean fuel were associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline. Hypertension, diabetes, physical activity, dyslipidemia and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) may partially mediate the cognitive decline caused by solid fuel use. Of the cognitive decline burden, 18.23 % (95 % CI: 12.21 %, 24.73 %) in CFPS, 8.90 % (95 % CI: 2.93 %, 15.52 %) in CHARLS and 2.92 % (95 % CI: 1.52 %, 4.46 %) in MHAS of cognitive decline cases attributable to solid cooking fuel use. CONCLUSION The use of solid cooking fuel is associated with a higher risk of cognitive decline. It is essential to promote the expanded use of clean fuel to protect cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guohui Lan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengying Xie
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zelin Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tinggui Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jieyu Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiying Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxu Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Clinical Research Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.
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Thompson R, Smith RB, Karim YB, Shen C, Drummond K, Teng C, Toledano MB. Air pollution and human cognition: A systematic review and meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160234. [PMID: 36427724 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review summarises and evaluates the literature investigating associations between exposure to air pollution and general population cognition, which has important implications for health, social and economic inequalities, and human productivity. METHODS The engines MEDLINE, Embase Classic+Embase, APA PsycInfo, and SCOPUS were searched up to May 2022. Our inclusion criteria focus on the following pollutants: particulate matter, NOx, and ozone. The cognitive abilities of interest are: general/global cognition, executive function, attention, working memory, learning, memory, intelligence and IQ, reasoning, reaction times, and processing speed. The collective evidence was assessed using the NTP-OHAT framework and random-effects meta-analyses. RESULTS Eighty-six studies were identified, the results of which were generally supportive of associations between exposures and worsened cognition, but the literature was varied and sometimes contradictory. There was moderate certainty support for detrimental associations between PM2.5 and general cognition in adults 40+, and PM2.5, NOx, and PM10 and executive function (especially working memory) in children. There was moderate certainty evidence against associations between ozone and general cognition in adults age 40+, and NOx and reasoning/IQ in children. Some associations were also supported by meta-analysis (N = 14 studies, all in adults aged 40+). A 1 μg/m3 increase in NO2 was associated with reduced performance on general cognitive batteries (β = -0.02, p < 0.05) as was a 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure (β = -0.02, p < 0.05). A 1μgm3 increase in PM2.5 was significantly associated with lower verbal fluency by -0.05 words (p = 0.01) and a decrease in executive function task performance of -0.02 points (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION Evidence was found in support of some exposure-outcome associations, however more good quality research is required, particularly with older teenagers and young adults (14-40 years), using multi-exposure modelling, incorporating mechanistic investigation, and in South America, Africa, South Asia and Australasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon Thompson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Rachel B Smith
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; Mohn Centre for Children's Health and Wellbeing, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Yasmin Bou Karim
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Chen Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Kayleigh Drummond
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Chloe Teng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Mireille B Toledano
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; Mohn Centre for Children's Health and Wellbeing, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Environmental Exposures and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Chemical and Radiation Threats and Hazards, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK.
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11
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Zhang Y, Ke L, Ma X, Di Q. Impact of ground-level ozone exposure on sleep quality and electroencephalogram patterns at different time scales. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 218:115025. [PMID: 36502906 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ozone exposure is associated with various adverse health outcomes, but its impact on sleep quality is uncertain. Here we assessed the causal effect of long-term (yearly and monthly) exposure to ozone on nocturnal workday sleep time in a national representative sample from the China Family Panel Study, using a difference-in-differences approach. We further followed ninety healthy Chinese young adults four times in four seasons from September 2020 to June 2021, measured their daily sleep architecture using accelerometers, ascertained daily ozone exposure, recorded 5-min eye-closed resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) signals at the last day of each one-week-long measurement session, and explored the effect of ozone exposure on objectively-measured sleep architecture. In the national sample, we found that every 1 interquartile range (IQR) μg/m3 increase in yearly and monthly ozone exposure was causally associated with 7.31 (p = 0.0039) and 4.19 (p = 0.040) minutes decline in nocturnal workday sleep time; the dose-response curve represented a quasi-linear pattern with no safety threshold, and plateaued at higher concentrations. In the small-scale study with objectively-measured sleep architecture, we found that every 1 IQR μg/m3 increase in the weekly ozone exposure was associated with 5.33 min decrease in night-time total sleep time (p = 0.031), 1.63 percentage points decrease in sleep efficiency (p < 0.001), 1.99 min increase in sleep latency (p = 0.0070), and 5.34 min increase in wake after sleep onset time (p = 0.0016) in a quasi-linear pattern. Notably, we found the accumulating trend of ozone exposure on sleep quality during both the short-term and long-term periods. We also found that short-term ozone exposure was associated with altered EEG patterns, mediated by sleep quality. This study indicates that long-term and short-term ozone exposures have negative and accumulating impacts on sleep quality and might impair brain functioning. More hidden health burdens of ozone are worth exploring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Soochow College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Limei Ke
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Qian Di
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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12
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Ju K, Lu L, Wang W, Chen T, Yang C, Zhang E, Xu Z, Li S, Song J, Pan J, Guo Y. Causal effects of air pollution on mental health among Adults--An exploration of susceptible populations and the role of physical activity based on a longitudinal nationwide cohort in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 217:114761. [PMID: 36372147 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to air pollutants is likely to be associated with mental disorders, but relevant studies remain limited and inconsistent, and evidence to assess causality is particularly lacking, especially in developing countries. In addition, there are few studies on the role of physical activity in this relationship. We investigated the causal relationship between air pollutant exposure and mental health among Chinese adults and whether physical activity could play a positive role in this relationship. Using the balanced panel data for 2014 and 2016 from the China Family Panel Study, a representative Chinese national cohort study, we selected and validated appropriate instrumental variable to explore the causal relationship between air pollution and mental health and explored the moderating effect of physical activity using an instrumental variable fixed effects model (IVFE) in a counterfactual causal inference framework. PM2.5 and ground surface ozone were selected as proxies for different types of air pollutants and extended the interpretability by studying them for populations with different characteristics. A total of 21,944 participants were included in this study. In the IVFE model, we found that both PM2.5 and ground surface ozone significantly negatively affected mental health, and that habitual physical activity counteracted this negative effect regardless of different types of air pollution. We also found that the findings held for adults with different characteristics. The findings suggest that habitual physical activity may offset the deterioration of mental health in adults in developing countries due to air pollution, regardless of age, gender, income, and the presence of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ju
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Liyong Lu
- HEOA Group, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Institute for Healthy Cities and West China Research Center for Rural Health Development, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Wen Wang
- HEOA Group, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Institute for Healthy Cities and West China Research Center for Rural Health Development, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ting Chen
- HEOA Group, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Institute for Healthy Cities and West China Research Center for Rural Health Development, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Chenyu Yang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - En Zhang
- School of Government, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Zongyou Xu
- Medical School, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, PR China
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Jiangning Song
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
| | - Jay Pan
- HEOA Group, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
| | - Yuming Guo
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
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Zhang J, Zhang F, Xin C, Duan Z, Wei J, Zhang X, Han S, Niu Z. Associations of long-term exposure to air pollution, physical activity with blood pressure and prevalence of hypertension: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1137118. [PMID: 37206865 PMCID: PMC10189054 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1137118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term exposure to air pollution and physical activity (PA) are linked to blood pressure and hypertension. However, the joint effect of air pollution and PA on blood pressure and hypertension are still unknown in Chinese middle-aged and older adults. Methods A total of 14,622 middle-aged and older adults from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study wave 3 were included in this study. Ambient air pollution [particulate matter with diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), or ≤10 μm (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbonic oxide (CO)] were estimated using satellite-based spatiotemporal models. PA was investigated using International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Generalized linear models were used to examine the associations of air pollution, PA score with blood pressure [systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP)], and the prevalence of hypertension. Subgroup analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of air pollution on blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension in different PA groups. Results The results showed that for each inter-quartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5 (25.45 μg/m3), PM10 (40.56 μg/m3), SO2 (18.61 μg/m3), NO2 (11.16 μg/m3), CO (0.42 mg/m3) and PA score (161.3 MET/h-week), the adjusted odd ratio (OR) of hypertension was 1.207 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.137, 1.281), 1.189 (95%CI: 1.122, 1.260), 1.186 (95%CI: 1.112, 1.266), 1.186 (95%CI: 1.116, 1.260), 1.288 (95%CI: 1.223, 1.357), 0.948 (95%CI: 0.899, 0.999), respectively. Long-term exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO was associated with increased SBP, DBP, and MAP levels. For example, each IQR increase in PM2.5 was associated with 1.20 mmHg (95%CI: 0.69, 1.72) change in SBP, 0.66 mmHg (95%CI: 0.36, 0.97) change in DBP, and 0.84 mmHg (95%CI: 0.49, 1.19) change in MAP levels, respectively. Each IQR increase in PA score was associated with -0.56 mmHg (95%CI: -1.03, -0.09) change in SBP, -0.32 mmHg (95%CI: -0.59, -0.05) change in DBP, and -0.33 mmHg (95%CI: -0.64, -0.02) change in MAP levels, respectively. Subgroup analysis found that the estimated effects in the sufficient PA group were lower than that in the insufficient PA group. Conclusion Long-term exposure to air pollutants is associated with increased blood pressure and hypertension risk, while high-level PA is associated with decreased blood pressure and hypertension risk. Strengthening PA might attenuate the adverse effects of air pollution on blood pressure and hypertension risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Xin
- PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhou Duan
- Preventive Health Service, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Xi Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shichao Han
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Shichao Han, ; Zhiping Niu,
| | - Zhiping Niu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Shichao Han, ; Zhiping Niu,
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Ke L, Zhang Y, Fu Y, Shen X, Zhang Y, Ma X, Di Q. Short-term PM 2.5 exposure and cognitive function: Association and neurophysiological mechanisms. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107593. [PMID: 36279737 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although converging evidence has demonstrated that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) caused adverse effects on brain structure and cognitive function, the association between the short-term exposure to PM2.5 and cognition dysfunction remained underexplored, especially possible neurophysiological mechanisms. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal observational study with four repeated measurement sessions among 90 young adults from September 2020 to June 2021. During each measurement session, we measured participants' personal-level air pollution exposure for one week with portable monitors, followed by executive function assessment and electrophysiological signal recording at an assessment center. Standard Stroop color-word test was used accompanied with electroencephalogram (EEG) recording to assess performance on executive function. We used linear mixed-effect model with lagged values of PM2.5 levels to analyze the association between PM2.5 exposure and changes in executive function, and mediation analysis to investigate mediation effect by EEG signal. RESULTS Adjusted mixed-effect models demonstrated that elevated PM2.5 exposure three days prior to cognitive assessment (lag-3) was associated with (1) declined performance in both congruent and incongruent tasks in Stroop test, (2) reduced lower and upper alpha event-related desynchronization (ERD) during 500-1000 ms after stimuli, both indicating impaired executive control. Lower and upper alpha ERD also mediated observed associations between short-term PM2.5 exposure and executive function. No significant associations were found between short-term PM2.5 exposure or aperiodic exponents in tonic and phasic states, or periodic alpha oscillations in tonic state. CONCLUSION Our results provided evidence that short-term PM2.5 exposure was associated with executive dysfunction. Reduced alpha ERD was likely to be the underlying pathway through which PM2.5 induced adverse effects on neuron activities during cognitive tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Ke
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yao Zhang
- Soochow College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yingyao Fu
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of senior high school, Beijing Jianhua Experimental Etown School, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Xinke Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Qian Di
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Wang R, Zhang H, Li H, Ren H, Sun T, Xu L, Liu Y, Hou X. The influence of exercise interventions on cognitive functions in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1046841. [PMID: 36457329 PMCID: PMC9706097 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1046841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are more likely to develop dementia compared to patients with non-aMCI (naMCI). Among the mixed samples of aMCI and naMCI, exercise interventions are effective for patients with MCI to improve cognitive functions. However, the influence of exercise interventions on patients with aMCI is still unclear. Objective The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the influence of exercise interventions on cognitive functions in patients with aMCI. Methods Four literature databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library) and three Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and China Science and Technology Journal Database) were searched from their inception to August 31, 2022. Based on the preliminary search of seven databases and their cited references, a total of 2,290 records were identified. Finally, 10 studies with a total of 28 data points involving 575 participants with aMCI were included in this meta-analysis. If the measurements of outcomes were different among studies, the effect size was synthesized using the standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). If the measurements were the same, the weight mean difference (WMD) with a 95% CI was used to integrate the effect size. Data synthesis The results showed that exercise interventions had no significant effects on improving several specific domains of cognitive functions including working memory (WMD = -0.05; 95% CI = -0.74 to 0.63; p = 0.88; I 2 = 78%) and attention (SMD = 0.20; 95% CI = -0.31 to 0.72; p = 0.44; I 2 = 60%). Additionally, exercise interventions had a significant effect on global cognitive function (SMD = 0.70; 95% CI = 0.50-0.90; p < 0.00001; I 2 = 29%) and some specific cognitive domains including immediate recall (SMD = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.28-0.81; p < 0.0001; I 2 = 0%), delayed recall (SMD = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.45-0.87; p < 0.00001; I 2 = 37%), and executive function (SMD = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.16-0.60; p= 0.0006; I 2 = 4%). Furthermore, subgroup analysis based on the intervention forms indicated that multi-component interventions (SMD = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.11-0.77; p = 0.009; I 2 = 0%) appeared to be less effective than the single-component intervention (SMD = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.60-1.10; p < 0.00001; I 2 = 10%) in terms of boosting global cognitive function. Conclusion This meta-analysis suggests that the exercise can help patients with aMCI improve global cognitive function. And exercise interventions have positive influence on enhancing several specific cognitive domains such as immediate recall, delayed recall, and executive function.Systematic review registration: http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42022354235.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Department of Physical Fitness and Health, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sports and Physical Health Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.,School of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongjuan Li
- Department of Physical Fitness and Health, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Physical Fitness and Health, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Sun
- Key Laboratory of Sports and Physical Health Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Liya Xu
- Department of Physical Fitness and Health, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Sports and Physical Health Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Hou
- Department of Physical Fitness and Health, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Sports and Physical Health Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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